JP2006125378A5 - - Google Patents

Description

Vertical axis cascade blade wheel device

  The present invention relates to a vertical axis cascade cascade device used in a device using fluid energy of wind energy, and in particular, a cross having a plurality of blades which are a kind of Savonius type known as a low wind speed type The present invention relates to a vertical axis cascade blade wheel device that is an impeller similar in appearance to a flow type wind turbine.

A windmill, which is an impeller, has a main part that receives wind energy and a rotating shaft that transmits the energy, even though they are called “wings, feathers, blades, and propellers”.
Further, the rotation axis is divided into a horizontal axis type represented by a propeller type parallel to the wind direction and a vertical axis type upright in the vertical direction.

The former is a wind turbine that rotates by the rotational direction component of lift generated on the blades and is called a lift type, but has a drawback that it is very difficult to start in a low wind speed region.
In this respect, the vertical axis type is called a drag type, and when the wind hits the wing, a force of the rotational direction component and a starting torque are generated by the drag, and there is an advantage of rotating regardless of the direction of the wind. That is, it can be said that it is a very advantageous windmill for low-speed wind regions.

Therefore, it can be seen that the conventional vertical shaft type impeller has been developed mainly for wind power generation when it is used as a device. In fact, it can be said that the development of wind power is required more quickly.
Therefore, explanations in the present invention will be mainly explained for wind turbines using wind power. That is, for the time being, the vertical axis cascade wheel will be referred to as a vertical wind turbine.
Note that wings, wings, blades, and the like are used as the names of the portions that receive the wind of the vertical axis type wind turbine.

Vertical axis type wind turbines include a battle type, a Savonius type, a gyromill type, and a Darius type.
Conventionally, many types of these wind turbines have been proposed. However, in any of these wind turbines, the blades are fixed to the rotating shaft, or the blades are movable or pivoted, which is close to the present invention. Some conventional examples are introduced.

  It is a vertical axis type windmill of a conventional example, and the rotating blade is composed of a multi-stage curtain-shaped wind receiving blade, the lift blade is formed on the side where the rotation is generated, and the curtain-shaped wind receiving blade body is formed on the side where the wind is released. The structure is such that the skirt turns and the wind passes through the rotating blade surface and no reverse rotational force is generated. "Vertical axis type windmill" (for example, refer to Patent Document 1).

  In addition, it has a structure in which a trough-numbered divided wind receiving plate is provided on a rotating grid with a radial integrated lattice frame. When receiving wind, the divided receiving wind plate leans over to cover the whole and rotates against the wind. At times, it was decided that the divided wind receiving plate would be stored in the wind like a weather vane and the wind resistance would be reduced to effectively use the wind power. “Windmill for wind power generation” (see, for example, Patent Document 2)

  Furthermore, it is a horizontal rotation type windmill having a plurality of plate-like blades, and has a blade opening shutter. When rotating in the leeward direction, the opening is closed, and when rotating upwind, it is opened. A “wind power generator” characterized by opening a part (see, for example, Patent Document 3).

JP 10-339258 A Patent Publication 2000-320445 JP 9-60573

  However, in the vertical axis type windmill of Patent Document 1, there are structural difficulties in the curtain-shaped wind receiving blades and the rotating blades. Even if a thin air layer is formed, it does not seem satisfactory.

  In addition, the wind turbine for wind power generation of Patent Document 2 has a structure in which a wind receiving plate divided in a lattice shape is provided on the rotation shaft, and the wind receiving plate uses only wind drag, so that the wind escapes to the outside. It is not expected that sufficient rotation will be obtained.

  The wind power generator disclosed in Patent Document 3 is the same as that described above.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a vertical axis cascade blade wheel device which can be provided at a low cost with a relatively simple structure, and the wind turbine can rotate even in light winds or strong winds in any direction to obtain effective rotational energy.

The basic configuration of the vertical axis cascade gear wheel device of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 1 as an example for easy understanding. 1, 6, 7, 10, and 11, center lines and concentric circles are drawn with thin dotted lines so that the configuration of the present invention can be easily understood.
In the vertical shaft type cascade wheel device, a blade rotation shaft support 2 is provided in parallel with an interval between and above and below the rotation shaft 1 around the vertical rotation shaft 1 so as to be orthogonal to the rotation shaft 1.
Further, the blade rotating shaft support 2 may be an arm extending radially from the rotating shaft 1, but it is better to prevent the fluid taken in a disk shape from flowing out in the vertical direction.

Between the upper and lower blade rotating shaft supports 2 and on the peripheral edge thereof, a blade rotating shaft 3 and a blade stopper rod 4 parallel to the rotating shaft 1 are provided upright. The blade rotating shaft 3 is freely rotated around the blade, and at least a portion of the blade rotates to stop against the blade stopping rod body 4, and the blade 5 stops against the blade rotating shaft 3 to be connected. In addition, it is assumed that the rectangular blade 5 whose height is close to the length of the blade rotating shaft 3 is provided.
The blades 5 are arranged at equal intervals and a plurality of blades 6 are arranged in a straight line, and a basic unit of one set of impellers is configured with blade stopper rods 4 at both left and right ends of the blade row 6. . Since the basic unit and the basic unit to be installed next to each other are arranged at equal intervals, a plurality of sets are respectively arranged to constitute the entire vertical shaft type cascade wheel device. is there.

Since the shape of the wing 5 is rectangular as a whole, the short side is the upper and lower sides. Also, the cross-sectional shape of the short side is assumed to be a streamline type similar to the cross section of the main wing of the airplane as shown in FIG. 6, and a structure similar to the wind blade of a bird as shown in FIG.
In addition, it is set as the vertical axis | shaft cascade wheel apparatus which comprised the blade rotating shaft 3 of the rotating blade 5 in the short side of the blade 5, or the position shifted | deviated suitably, and comprised a basic unit.

In addition, by adding the rotation stopping component of the blade stopper rod body 4 to the blade rotating shaft 3, the effect can be exhibited even if it is not necessary to stand the blade stopper rod body 4.
The position where the rotation stopping component is added is a position corresponding to the rotation angle of the blade 5 on both the blade rotation shaft 3 and the blade rotation shaft support 2.
In addition, what is necessary is just to provide a shock absorber etc. as a common sense stopper, for example.

In the arrangement of the blade row 6, the blade rotation shaft 3 and the stopper rod body 4 are equally spaced, and the distance is slightly shorter than the short side of the blade 5.
The blade row 6 is provided so that the blade rotation shaft 3 and the stopper rod body 4 are straight.
Moreover, the blade row 6 is provided with the stopper rods 4 at the left and right ends of the row, and the blades 5 that are joined to the plurality of blade rotation shafts 3 are provided inside thereof.

  The position where the blade row 6 is disposed in each of the above examples has an important meaning in the present invention. That is, when the rotary shaft 1 rotates, the blade 5 of the blade row 6 is positioned so that the short sides of the blade 5 are orthogonal to the direction of arrival of fluid energy so that the wind energy can be received most efficiently. Be. At the same time, the position where the short side of the blade 5 is parallel to the direction of fluid flow is set so that the loss of fluid energy is minimized. It must be provided in a position that satisfies both.

As shown in FIG. 2, the blade row 6 is provided radially from the rotating shaft 1 toward the outer periphery. In the present invention, as shown in FIG. And the other end is provided with an angle on the rotating shaft 1 side which is inside the peripheral side.
The angle of the blade row 6 depends on the width of the blade row 6 but is an angle at which the wind component can be sufficiently utilized.

However, the effects of the present invention cannot be satisfactorily brought out only by the above. The reason will be described with reference to FIGS.
In both figures, the basic unit of the blade row 6 is shown as four sets, and the fluid will be described as wind.
The arrows at the bottom of both figures represent the wind direction. In any of the drawings, the rotation direction of the rotary shaft 1 is assumed to be opposite to the clockwise direction, that is, counterclockwise.

The upper left wing 5 shown by the chain line in FIG. 2 is in an inverted state. In this way, each blade 5 efficiently uses the wind component even if it is reversed.
In FIG. 2, the upper blade 5 is shown in a state of being reversed with the blade rotation shaft 3 as a core, but actually, it is not reversed at this position, but depends on the arrangement angle of the blade row 6. Is positioned far left from above and flips.

  In FIG. 3, the right wing 5 and the upper wing 5 of the rotating shaft 1 cross in the wind direction to catch the wind, and the left wing 5 and the lower wing 5 are parallel to the wind direction. The resistance is minimized and seems to be the most efficient, but in practice there are some differences.

That is, in FIG. 4, the flow of wind and the isobar of wind are shown by thin lines, and as can be seen, the high-pressure portion of air and the lean portion of air can be seen.
That is, the air that has entered the impeller is always going to come out, and the air that has entered the impeller from the lower arrow is formed into a compressed air component on the right and upper wings 5 to the wing 5. Drag is born. Further, the air released from the inside of the impeller is released from the compression, and a lean air component is formed on the right side and the back side of the upper wing 5, and lift force is generated in the wing 5. Due to the drag and lift of both, the impeller generates a rotational force around the rotating shaft 1.

  Next, in the case where the blade rows 6 shown in FIG. 5 are arranged in six rows, the flow of wind is more complicated than that in the above-described four rows, but this is because the wind hitting the right blade 5 is on the upper right side. When the wind component hitting the right wing 5 and hitting the right wing 5 from the rotation shaft 1 is arranged at an angle where it hits the upper wing 5, the rotation of the impeller becomes strong. Since the left and lower blades 5 are parallel to the wind flow, there is no problem with the rotation of the impeller.

  Thus, as described above, the vertical axis type cascade wheel device according to the present invention is used as an impeller using wind energy as a power source, or as a turbine using hydraulic energy as a power source. Applicable stuff. Furthermore, it is possible to take out and use electric power connected to a mechanism that directly uses these energies as a power source, or to a generator or the like.

According to such a vertical axis type cascade wheel device of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.
The wing rotation shaft 3 is a wing 5 that freely rotates around the wing rotation shaft and that has one end that stops against the wing rotation shaft 3 and the wing stop rod body 4. The wing rotation shaft 3 and the wing stop rod body 4 Since the basic unit of one set of impellers is constructed assuming that the blade row 6 is arranged in a straight line, the position of the blade row 6 is selected at an optimum position, thereby accompanying the arrangement of the blade row 6 with respect to the rotary shaft 1 Considering the trajectory of the wind flow, the blade 5 receives fluid energy and can exchange energy most efficiently, and the rotating shaft 1 rotates smoothly.

  In the blade row 6, the blade stopper rods 4 provided on the left and right sides of the plurality of blade rotation shafts 3 are restricted by the rotation range of the blades 5 with respect to the blade rotation shafts 3, so suppress.

Rather than making the wing 5 a single large wing, by making the wing 5 having a structure in which a large wing is divided, it is possible to reduce the impact sound that a part of the wing 5 hits against the wing stop rod body 4.
Furthermore, the structure is stable against strong winds.

  From the above, although it is used for both wind and hydraulic power, it can be manufactured inexpensively with a relatively simple structure, and when the blade 5 rotates from the fluid arrival side to the fluid outflow side, it can receive a lot of fluid energy pressure. When the blade 5 rotates from the fluid outflow side to the fluid arrival side, the fluid energy pressure resistance received by the blade 5 can be reduced as much as possible. It has become possible to rotate effectively even in a low wind region.

  Considering that the present invention is optimal for wind power use, there is a rotary shaft 1 for taking out rotational power in the center of a horizontal rotation type impeller device, and it is provided at the upper and lower portions so as to be orthogonal to the rotation shaft 1. The blade rotating shaft support 2 is simply a disk. In the vicinity of the outer periphery of the wing rotary shaft support 2 which is this disk, a plurality of elongated wing rotary shafts 3 are provided in parallel with the rotary shaft 1 and in the vicinity thereof, similarly, a long and narrow round blade wing stopper rod body 4 is provided. The blade rotation shaft 3 is easily rotated around the core, and one end thereof has a blade blade 4 and a rectangular blade 5 that stops against the blade rotation shaft 3. A set of impellers in which blade impellers 4 are arranged in a straight line at both ends to form a blade row 6 is a basic unit.

  The basic units of the impeller are arranged at equal intervals in the vicinity along the outer periphery of the blade rotating shaft support 2 that is a disk. As shown in FIG. 4, at least 4 sets are necessary, and the expected output is 5 sets or 6 sets shown in FIG.

Considering the shape of the wing 5 here, it is rectangular in the length direction, but the cross-sectional shape at the short side is preferably streamlined like an airplane wing as shown in FIG. It can be said that the blade rotation shaft 3 is preferably hidden in the blade 5.
In FIG. 6, the position of the blade rotation shaft 3 in the blade 5 is a position close to the blade head 7 side, and the distance between the blade blade 7 and the blade tail 8 is divided into 10 parts as a result of the experiment. Position 3 from the head seems to be the best.
The blade rotation shaft 3 in FIG. 7 is located at the blade head because this shape is similar to the structure of a bird's wind feather, and if possible, such a blade 5 is ideal.

  Next, the operation of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. First, at the beginning of the wind, the lower and left wings 5 with respect to the wind direction (downward arrow) are in a position where they do not touch the wing rotation shaft 3 and the wing stop rod body 4, so that the wing tail remains parallel to the wind direction. 8 is facing downwind. The right and upper blades 5 are pushed by the wind pressure, and a part of the blade 5 is blocked by the blade rotating shaft 3 and the blade stop rod 4 so that the blade tail 8 changes its direction as shown in the figure. The wing 5 takes an attitude of receiving wind and accumulates wind power.

In FIG. 5, this wind energy is rotated by rotating the rotating shaft 1 counterclockwise together with the blade rotating shaft support 2 through the blade stopper rod 4 and the blade rotating shaft 3 in order to generate rotational torque. Power can be extracted from the shaft 1 as rotational energy. Furthermore, the flow of the wind that hits the right wing 5 has an angle that hits the upper wing 5, and again generates rotational torque, so that the wind escapes in the upper right direction.
In fact, during the period described above, since the impeller is rotating with wind power, the wind flow is shifted slightly to the left from above.

When the rotational speed of the rotary shaft 1 increases, the generation of centrifugal force causes all the blades 5 to rotate about the blade rotary shaft 3 and to cause the blade tails 8 to jump outward.
However, since the centrifugal force is generated by the rotation of the blade 5 generated by the wind force, the centrifugal force is not generated if there is no wind force. Therefore, in the normal case, this centrifugal force does not reach the wind energy, so the direction of the blade 5 when it comes to the windy windward, that is, the left and lower positions is more than the centrifugal force. The wind power wins and always stays in the same direction as at the time of starting, that is, the wing tail 8 faces leeward in parallel with the wind direction.

The upper left wing 5 located on the leeward side is in a state where the angle of the blade row 6 is parallel to the angle of the wind flow from just behind the lower wind (upper left corner in FIG. 3), and further more than just below the wind. Then, since the blade 5 also takes into account the centrifugal force and the flow of wind, the blade tail 8 suddenly moves away from the blade rotation shaft 3 and the blade stopper rod body and reverses 180 degrees. It shows that inversion occurs at the position indicated by the chain line in the upper left of FIG.
After that, as described above, the left and lower wings 5 are in the posture, parallel to the wind flow, and the wind pressure resistance is reduced as much as possible to reduce the loss of rotational energy. It can be done.

  By the way, the basic unit of the impeller is 6 sets as shown in FIG. That is, the size of the blade row 6 itself is relatively smaller than that of the four pairs, but the orientation of each blade 5 and its tail 8 is in the posture shown in FIG. 5 with respect to the wind direction from below. In other words, the blade row 6 is arranged so that the side closer to the rotation shaft 1 is pointed obliquely with respect to the blade row 6 on the right side. As a result, the wind on the right side from the center of the impeller hits the right cascade 6 and the wind hits the upper cascade 6 and flows away above the impeller, that is, in the leeward direction. . The wind on the left side from the center of the impeller hits the upper left cascade 6 and flows away above the impeller, that is, in the leeward direction.

  As described above, the air that has entered the impeller of FIG. 5 is converged by the right cascade 6, the upper right cascade 6, and the upper left cascade 6 to become a compressed airflow.

  Then, since the air that has exited the inside of the impeller is released and diffused, the diffused airflow of the wind that has passed through the right, upper right, and upper left blade rows 6 has a lean air on the back side of the blade rows 6. As a result, the blade row 6 is drawn into this sparse place.

  As a result, drag is generated on the side of the blade wheel 6 where the wind strikes and lift is generated on the back side of the blade row 6 where the wind does not hit.

  In this case, since there are more blade rows 6 than those having four basic units, the flow of wind is smooth, and the overall rotation balance is improved, thereby improving the efficiency.

Therefore, the number of basic units of the impeller in the apparatus of the present invention is preferably around six. If it dares to limit, it seems that it is good to comprise with 4-8 sets.
Below that, the rotational force is insufficient and the output is too low. Above that, even if the blade row 6 is made smaller, the blade rows 6 interfere with each other, obstructing the passage of the wind, It will be confused and reduce efficiency.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. Here, in each Example, the component which has the same function attaches | subjects the same code | symbol, and abbreviate | omits or simplifies description.
First, FIG. 1 shows a typical vertical axis cascade blade wheel device in which four basic units of the blade wheel of the present invention are used, and it uses natural wind power. Since the size may be determined according to the target output, all dimensions are omitted, but it is believed that the size of each part can be determined relatively sufficiently from the figure.

  The upper and lower blade rotating shaft support 2 is a disk, and the blade 5 is rectangular, but the material may be selected according to the usage environment, it is made of titanium for durability, made of aluminum for light weight, made of iron or wooden, In the vicinity of the sea, a plastic such as plastic having excellent corrosion resistance may be used. The blade stopper rod body 4 and the blade rotating shaft 3 will be elongated steel rods, but may be made of compatible carbon fiber or synthetic resin. The rotating shaft 3 may be either fixed to the upper and lower blade rotations 3 or may be pivotally attached to the upper and lower blade rotations 3 as long as the blades 5 can be rotated as easily as possible.

In FIG. 1, the blade rotation shaft support 2 is rotatably attached to the upper and lower sides of the blade rotation shaft 3, and the entire length is shown as being bonded and welded to one surface of the blade 5.
The blade stopper rod 4 is provided on the left and right at both ends where a plurality of blade rotation shafts 3 are arranged in a straight line.
The blade row 6 has a shape in which a plurality of blade rotation shafts 3 are arranged in a straight line, and one blade stopper rod body 4 is provided at each end thereof.

  3 and 5, the blade 5 has a cross section as shown in FIG. 6, and the blade rotation shaft 3 is in the blade 5. Since the streamline type appears on the outer periphery as it is, the disturbance of the wind flow is reduced, which is a preferred embodiment.

In the case where the third embodiment is used as a water wheel, as shown in FIG.
In addition, when the vertical axis type cascade wheel of the present invention is used as a water turbine, it is generally installed horizontally rather than vertically.

The fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9. Each blade 5 is located on the circumference of the rotary shaft 1. This is shown as a measure against strong winds.
As a method of fixing the blade 5 at such a position, a stopper for fixing the blade 5 or the blade rotation shaft 3 is provided at an arbitrary position of the blade rotation shaft support 2.
As a method of automatically stopping and stopping the stopper, the driving device may use centrifugal force, electromagnetic type, motor, actuator, etc. in combination with a microcomputer, or manually.

As Example 5, when trying to obtain a large wind force as described in FIGS. 10 and 11, it is possible to increase the size of a set of impellers. be able to.
As the shape, the impeller may be stacked in a vertical shape or a conical shape like a natural tree.

In the above-described embodiments, if the fluid may escape in the vertical direction, the illustration is omitted, but the blade rotating shaft support 2 is replaced with a disk, and an arm that extends radially from the rotating shaft 1 part to the periphery, The basic unit of the impeller may be provided around the tip of the arm.
Further, the blade 5 fixed to the blade rotation shaft 3 is used as an attachment means between the upper and lower blade rotation shaft supports 2, and the pipe is used as a pipe of the blade rotation shaft 3 itself that rotatably penetrates the mandrel. Various conventional means may be used, such as fixing both ends of the mandrel to the upper and lower blade rotating shaft supports 2, and the present invention is not limited by these equivalent means.

  The vertical-axis cascade wheel device according to the present invention can be used for any device that utilizes rotational motion by extracting fluid energy as rotational kinetic energy.

  It is a perspective view which shows the Example of this invention. (Example 1)   It is a top view for description for demonstrating the quality of operation | movement of this invention.   It is a top view for explanation of arrangement and operation showing an example of arrangement and operation of this invention.   It is a top view showing the air flow of this invention, the airtightness of air, and a lean part.   It is the top view which the blade row of this invention comprised with 6 sets.   It is sectional drawing in which the wing | blade rotating shaft of this invention exists in the position of 3 from the wing | wing head.   It is sectional drawing in which the blade rotating shaft of this invention was located in the blade head of the blade.   It is a top view which shows the state which fixed 4 sets of wing | blade of this invention.   It is a top view which shows the state which fixed 6 sets of wing | blade of this invention.   It is the external view which piled up the impeller of this invention vertically.   It is the external view which piled up the impeller of this invention in cone shape.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rotating shaft 2 Wing rotating shaft support body 3 Wing rotating shaft 4 Wing stop rod body 5 Wing 6 Blade row 7 Wing head 8 Wing tail

Claims (5)

  In the vertical shaft type cascade wheel device, the blade rotation shaft support (2) is arranged in parallel with a space between each other, with the rotation shaft (1) as a center, and upward and downward so as to be orthogonal to the rotation shaft (1). A blade rotation shaft (3) parallel to the rotation shaft (1) and a blade stopper rod (4) are established on the peripheral edge of the space between the two blade rotation shaft supports (2). The rotary shaft (3) rotates freely, and at least a part of the rotary shaft rotates to stop against the blade rotating shaft (3) and the blade stopper rod (4), and the height is rotated as described above. In a structure provided with a rectangular blade (5) that is close to the length of the shaft (1), a plurality of blades (5) blade rotating shaft blades (3) blade stopper rods (4) are arranged in a straight line. In the known technique in which a basic unit of a set of impellers is constituted by a set of blade cascades (6), the interval between the set of basic units and the adjacent basic unit is all equidistant from each other. Yo A vertical axis cascade blade characterized in that a plurality of sets are arranged so that the fluid passing through the vertical axis cascade blade wheel outputs rotational force in the vicinity of the outlet of the vertical axis cascade blade wheel. Car equipment.   A vertical axis cascade wheel device characterized in that the air passing through the vertical axis cascade wheel is formed with a component of compressed air in the right (or left) and upper blade rows, and drag is generated.   The air that has passed through the vertical axis cascade blades is released from compression outside the vertical axis cascade wheel, and there is a lean portion of the air on the back side of the right (or left) and upper cascades, causing lift. A vertical axis cascade blade wheel device characterized in that   A vertical-axis cascade wheel device that uses wind energy as a driving force and is used as a wind turbine.   A vertical-axis cascade wheel device that uses hydraulic energy as a driving force and is used as a turbine.