JP2006124047A - Cargo handling method and device of car carrier - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cargo handling method and a cargo handling device capable of easily loading/unloading an automobile on/from the ground side without providing any rampway or slope on the side of a car carrier. <P>SOLUTION: A watertight door 18 is provided in a carriage port 17 of a car carrier I. Slopes 19, 19a, 19b are installed on a quay 8 on the ground side. A rampway 20 is equipped on the slopes 19, 19a, 19b. An automobile 16 is moved onto the rampway 20 from the slopes 19, 19a, 19b. The rampway 20 is stretched to the carriage port 17 at the watertight door 18 to allow the automobile 16 to directly ride on a vehicle deck 4 in the ship. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a cargo handling method and apparatus used for loading and unloading a car on a car carrier.

  As a general car carrier used to transport cars by sea, a dedicated car carrier (PCC ship (Pure Car Carrier)) that loads and transports a large number of cars of several hundred to several thousand at once, Cargo ferry, passenger ferry, etc. are known.

  These car carriers are equipped with a ramp way (Shore ramp way) for passing the car across the quay on the ground side to the hull, and as a hold ramp way for moving the car to the upper layer in the ship Many have slopes on board. In the case of such an automobile carrier ship, the cargo handling of the automobile is a roll-on / roll-off system, that is, the automobile is driven by a self-propelled vehicle from the rampway, moved to the upper layer, loaded and loaded. In such a case, it is common to take a car that has been moved from the upper layer to the lower layer and disembark from the rampway.

  Among the car carriers that carry out the roll-on and roll-off methods as described above, the above-mentioned car carrier (PCC ship) includes a large ship that can carry more than 6000 cars at a time and is currently in service. It has been known.

  The outline is as shown in FIG. 14, in which an inlet / outlet port 2 is provided on the upper deck at the two sides of the hull 1 on the bow side and the stern side of the hull 1. A shore ramp way 3 is attached as a ramp way that spans across the road. In addition, the inside of the cage where the car is parked is equipped with 12 to 13 layers of vehicle decks 4, and each deck 4 is connected by a slope 5 as a hold ramp way. Safety equipment for securing, and lashing equipment and equipment (not shown) for securing the loaded vehicle on the ship to the deck. In addition, a large ventilation facility (ventilator) 6 for exhausting the exhaust gas discharged from the vehicle to the outside of the ship is equipped at a necessary place, and the vehicle running on the deck, the vehicle securing work, the loading vehicle The lighting equipment (not shown) necessary for the export number confirmation work and the like is provided (for example, see Non-Patent Document 1).

  As a general car carrier other than the above large ships, for example, the cargo ferry, passenger ferry, etc., as loading and unloading the car from the quay using a ramp way equipped on the hull, As shown in FIG. 15, an elevating frame 7 is provided at the carry-in / out entrance of the hull 1 so that it can be raised and lowered, and the distal end of the rampway 3 attached to the elevating frame 7 with the base end pivotably connected to the wharf 8. It has been proposed that the vehicle can be loaded and handled even when the relative displacement width between the height of the hull 1 and the quay 8 is large (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  Further, in the car ferry, it is assumed that the upper vehicle deck and the lower vehicle deck can be loaded simultaneously. As shown in FIG. 16, a roll-on / roll-off ship such as a car ferry having the upper vehicle deck 9 and the lower vehicle deck 10 is provided. The vehicle carry-in / out deck 11 provided at an intermediate level between the vehicle decks 9 and 10 is provided with a pair of left and right outboard lamps 12 and 13 and a vehicle carry-in / out port, respectively, and further inside the vehicle carry-in / out port. Proposed to have a pair of left and right outboard lamps 14 and 15 connected to the upper vehicle deck 9 and the lower vehicle deck 10 so that two-layer vehicle decks 9 and 10 can be handled simultaneously. (For example, see Patent Document 2).

  Furthermore, as a means of shortening the time for carrying the vehicle to and from the car ferry, a plurality of vehicles are accommodated on a moving carriage provided on the car ferry terminal, with both sides of the dock being car ferry terminals. When a capsule is placed and the hull enters the dock and is stopped at the bottom of the dock, the capsule contained in the vehicle is moved from the car ferry terminal to the top of the hull by a moving carriage, and then flattened. There has been proposed one in which a capsule is supported by a capsule support on a certain upper deck (see, for example, Patent Document 3).

JP 7-277272 A JP 7-228290 A JP 2000-177680 A TECHNO MARINE Journal of Japan Shipbuilding Society No. 873 (May 2003) p74-p78

  However, in the case of a large ship with a capacity of 6000 described in Non-Patent Document 1, it is said that a total of 75 people including a dedicated driver perform cargo handling work, and a large number of cargo handling personnel are required. In addition, the loading work in a narrow ship requires a high level of operation technology, and more and more cargo handling time is required as the size of the car carrier becomes larger and larger to further increase the number of loads. Therefore, it is easily estimated that the conventional cargo handling system is approaching the limit.

Further, the above-described non-patent document 1 has many problems as follows. That is,
(A) Since the shore ramp 3 is attached to the loading / unloading port 2 of the hull 1, it is necessary to store it in the hull 1 during voyage. Therefore, there is a problem that wasteful weight is transported.
(B) Since the shore ramp way 3 has only one side as shown in FIG. 14, cargo handling can be performed only with one side, and there is a problem that the cost increases if the number of shore ramp ways 3 is increased.
(C) In order to attach the shore ramp way 3, the deck at the portion of the carry-in / out entrance 2 is cut out as shown in FIG. 14, and the space for loading the vehicle is reduced by this cut-out, and the deck cut-out There is a problem in terms of structural strength, and there is a problem that the reinforcing weight increases by reinforcing.
(D) Since the ship is equipped with a slope 5 as a hold ramp way for moving to the upper layer, it is necessary to provide a large opening in the vehicle deck 4, this slope does not function during voyage, Since unnecessary weight is transported and a large space is required for installing the slope 5, even if an automobile is placed on the slope 5, the space for loading the vehicle is reduced. As a result, the vehicle loading efficiency decreases, and if the slope 5 is installed in a narrow space, the slope 5 itself becomes narrow, requiring a skilled driver, and the vehicle deck 4 has a large opening as described above. However, there is a problem that the large opening needs reinforcement.
(E) Necessary equipment is equipped with lighting equipment, ventilation equipment 6, vehicle lashing equipment, appliances, etc. Especially, the ventilation equipment 6 is used for exhaust gas exhaust from vehicles and onboard fresh air. A large ventilation pipe and electric fan are installed for inhalation, but ventilation of the lower deck is difficult. In addition, it is necessary to install the ventilation facility 6, and there is a problem that the vehicle loading efficiency is deteriorated because the vehicle cannot be loaded near the installation portion of the ventilation facility 6.
(F) There is a non-closeable slope 5 and ventilation facility 6 penetrating in the vertical direction in the ship, and there is a problem in fire prevention performance.

  On the other hand, the car ferry described in FIG. 15 has a configuration in which the base end portion of the ramp way 3 is rotatably attached to the carry-in / out entrance of the hull 1 so that the ramp way 3 is stored during the voyage. In addition, there is a problem in that the rampway 3 during voyage does not function and is loaded with useless heavy objects.

  In addition, what is described in FIG. 16 is designed to be able to handle two layers at the same time, but is provided with outboard lamps 12 and 13, and the outboard lamps 12 and 13 that do not function during the voyage are also displayed during the voyage. With the mounting, there are the same problems as in the case of the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, and because the ship has the inboard lamps 14 and 15, the same problem as in (d) of Non-Patent Document 1 described above. is there.

  Furthermore, what is described in Patent Document 3 is that a plurality of vehicles placed in a capsule placed in a car ferry terminal and accommodated are moved and loaded on the upper deck of the hull together with the capsule, It is designed to shorten the loading / unloading time, but it is possible to load one vehicle at a time from the car ferry terminal onto a multi-layer deck, or to enter the vehicle directly into the ship using the rampway provided at the car ferry terminal. It does not suggest that you do.

  Therefore, the present invention eliminates the problems associated with a car carrier ship equipped with ramps and slopes, and without a ramp way on the hull or a slope inside the ship, the quay on the ground side to the car carrier ship. It is intended to facilitate loading and unloading of automobiles.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a multi-storey structure in which a slope is provided on the ground side, and a car is directly loaded onto and unloaded from an automobile carrier via a rampway. A loading and unloading method and apparatus for an automobile carrier in which a rampway is provided on each floor, and vehicles are loaded directly on the vehicle decks of each layer of the car carrier at the same time, and are simultaneously loaded and unloaded from the vehicle decks of each layer of the car carrier.

  In addition, a watertight door is provided at the loading / unloading entrance for each vehicle deck of each layer of the car carrier, and a slope is provided on the ground side and a rampway is provided on each floor.

  Further, the ramp way in the cargo handling device of the above-mentioned car carrier can be attached to the slope so as to be able to turn in the vertical direction, and the slope can be provided with a device for turning the ramp way in the vertical direction, or the ramp way mounting position of the slope can be increased. It is set as the structure provided with the raising / lowering mechanism which changes height.

  Also, in the above-mentioned structure where the slope on the ground side has a multi-story structure, an elevating mechanism that enables expansion and contraction of the link is assembled to the multi-story floor, and the multi-story floor is moved up and down by moving a predetermined layer floor up and down with a lift drive device. It is good also as a structure made to do.

  Furthermore, it is set as the structure which made the slope in the said structure linear or spiral.

According to the cargo handling method and apparatus for an automobile carrier of the present invention, the following excellent effects can be obtained.
(1) Equipped with a slope and rampway on the ground side so that vehicles can directly enter the car carrier from the slope and rampway on the ground side. It is possible to equip a small ground with a slope and a rampway.
(2) With the above (1), there is no need to equip the car carrier with rampways or slopes. Therefore, it is necessary to transport useless heavy objects, and to provide notches on the deck, which causes a problem in strength. In addition, it is possible to solve the problems of the conventional car carrier equipped with the rampway and the slope, and to increase the space for mounting the car.
(3) Since the car carrier only needs to be fitted with a watertight door, it is not necessary to remodel the car carrier drastically, and the watertight door can be installed at many locations, and cargo handling can be performed from the ground. This can be done using the door.
(4) Further, the inside of the ship can be ventilated by natural ventilation using a watertight door, and thus the installation of a conventional large-scale ventilation facility can be omitted.
(5) By using ramps on multiple floors and rampways on each floor, it is possible to simultaneously enter a car on a multi-layer vehicle deck and simultaneously disembark from a multi-layer vehicle deck. Flexible multi-port loading and multi-port wholesale are facilitated.
(6) Since the height of the slope can be changed and the rampway can be turned up and down, it is possible to easily cope with fluctuations in tide level and drowning, and the height between the vehicle decks in each layer. The height position of the rampway can be easily adjusted to the height between the vehicle decks even for different vehicle carriers.
(7) The lowermost layer as the ground floor is assembled by assembling an elevating mechanism capable of expanding and contracting the link to the multi-layer floor, and moving the predetermined layer floor up and down by the elevating drive device to move the multi-layer floor up and down. By raising and lowering the floor, the whole can be raised and lowered, and the height position of the lampway can be easily changed by one drive device.
(8) By making the slope straight, the vehicle can be easily driven, and by making the slope spiral, it can be installed in a narrow space, and the number of vehicle decks on the ship side is high. Can be easily accommodated.

  Hereinafter, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described.

  FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention, in which a loading / unloading port 17 through which a vehicle 16 is carried in and out of both the bow and stern portions of a hull 1 of a car carrier I having a multilayered deck is provided. A door 18 (hereinafter referred to as a watertight door) 18 that can be closed in a watertight manner is attached to each of the carry-in / outlets 17 so as to be openable and closable in a sliding manner or a flip-up manner. On the other hand, on the quay 8 side as the ground side, a straight slope 19 is installed on the quay 8 corresponding to the height of the vehicle deck 4 of each layer in the hull 1, and the sea at the upper end of the slope 19 is installed. One end of the ramp way 20 is attached to the side edge so as to be rotatable in the vertical direction, and the slope 19 on the quay 8 side and the ramp way 20 are used to load and load the vehicle 16 on the vehicle deck 4 in the hull 1. Make wholesale possible.

  More specifically, among the watertight doors 18 provided on the fore and aft sides of both sides of the hull 1, one or both of the watertight doors 18 on the stern side located on the quay 8 side (corresponding to one in the case of FIG. 1). The linear slope 19 is installed. The slope 19 is installed in accordance with the height position of the vehicle deck of each layer according to the number of the vehicle decks 4 in the hull 1. When the vehicle deck 4 is one layer, the slope 19 is only one. FIG. 1 shows, as an example, linear slopes 19, 19 a, 19 b corresponding to the watertight door 18 on the stern side from three directions, and the vehicle deck 4 of each layer according to the height of the vehicle deck of three layers. Be able to load and unload simultaneously That is, in FIG. 1, for example, the slope 19a corresponds to the first vehicle deck 4, the slope 19b is for the upper vehicle deck 4, the slope 19 is for the upper vehicle deck 4, and the slopes 19, 19a , 19b, one end side of the rampway 20 spanned between the slopes 19, 19a, 19b and the hull 1 is attached to the upper end portion of the hull 1 so as to be pivotable in the vertical direction around the coupling portion 21 by hinge coupling or the like. Conventionally, the rampway and slope that have been equipped on the hull 1 side are completely abolished.

  The ramp way 20 attached to the upper ends of the slopes 19, 19 a, 19 b so as to be pivotable in the vertical direction is laid down with the coupling portion 21 as the center when the automobile 16 is loaded, etc. Is hung over to the loading / unloading port 17 of the hull 1 and when the hull 1 leaves the shore, it is lifted so as not to interfere with the hull 1.

  FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 show an example of the means. In FIG. 2, the wire rope 23 hung on the sheave 22 on both the left and right sides of the rampway 20 is wound around the winch 25 via the guide sheave 24. Thus, the wire rope 23 is wound up by the winch 25 and is wound back to rotate the ramp way 20 in the vertical direction around the connecting portion 21. The winch 25 may be installed on the floor of the slopes 19, 19a, 19b to which the ramp way 20 is attached. However, as shown in the drawing, the winch 25 is positioned above the slopes 19a, 19b to which the ramp way 20 is attached. You may make it install in the lower surface of the slopes 19b and 19, ie, a ceiling surface. However, in the case of the slope corresponding to the uppermost deck (slope 19 in the case of FIG. 1), a pillar is set up on the top surface of the slope, and the fixing point of the guide sheave 24 and the end of the wire rope is set on the pillar. The winch 25 may be provided on the upper surface of the slope. 3 shows a configuration in which the ramp way 20 can be turned up and down around the connecting portion 21 by a fluid pressure cylinder 26 instead of the method using the winch 25. Two fluid pressure cylinders 26 having rod end portions rotatably connected to the portions are attached to the lower surfaces of the slopes 19b and 19 above the slopes 19a and 19b to which the rampway 20 is attached, that is, to the ceiling portion. The lampway 20 is pivotally attached, and the ramp way 20 is rotated up and down around the coupling portion 21 by the expansion and contraction operation of the fluid pressure cylinder 26. Also in the case of the cylinder system shown in FIG. 3, in the case of the slope (slope 19 in the case of FIG. 1) corresponding to the uppermost deck, a pillar or the like is set up on the upper surface of the slope 19 and the hydraulic cylinder 26 is placed on the pillar. Attach and support the end of the head side.

  Since the vehicle carrier I is berthed at the quay 8 and anchored after loading the vehicle 16 into the ship (loading), the water-tight door 18 on the bow side or the stern side located on the quay 8 side is provided. The watertight door 18 corresponding to the position of the slope and rampway installed on the quay 8 is opened.

  Next, the rampway 20 attached to the upper ends of the slopes 19, 19 a, and 19 b so as to be pivotable in the vertical direction is tilted, and the rampway 20 is inserted into the loading / unloading port 17 of the hull 1 with the watertight door 18 opened. The tip of 20 is bridged so that the slopes 19, 19a, 19b and the hull 1 side can be moved.

  When the preparation is completed, the vehicle 16 driven by the driver is loaded on the vehicle deck 4 of the target layer from the quay 8 through predetermined slopes 19, 19 a, 19 b and the ramp way 20. Enter the vehicle deck 4 directly. As shown in FIG. 1, the automobile 16 that has entered the vehicle deck 4 travels the vehicle deck 4 and sequentially parks and loads it at a predetermined position. The parked automobile 16 is held on the vehicle deck 4 by using a vehicle securing device in order to be stable against shaking of the hull 1 such as rolling and pitching during voyage. Like that.

  When all the automobiles 16 have been loaded, the rampway 20 is rotated upward by the winding of the wire rope 23 by the winch 25 shown in FIG. 2, or rotated upward by the shortening operation of the fluid pressure cylinder 26 shown in FIG. It is moved, pulled up from the loading / unloading port 17 of the hull 1 and stored on the slopes 19, 19a, 19b side. As a result, the car carrier I only needs to immediately close the watertight door 18 and can sail without storing and loading the ramp way 3 as in the conventional car carrier I. During the voyage, there is no need to transport wasteful heavy goods as in the case of the conventional car carrier I, and the inside of the ship can be ventilated using the large carry-in / out opening 17 by appropriately opening and closing the watertight door 18. This eliminates the need for a separate large ventilation facility.

  On the other hand, when unloading the automobile 16 loaded on the automobile carrier I, the vehicle deck 4 is self-propelled and moved to the carry-in / out entrance 17 with the watertight door 18 contrary to the above-described loading, The ramps 20 passed from the slopes 19, 19a, 19b on the quay 8 side are passed through the ramps 19, 19a, 19b. Thereby, many automobiles 16 can be disembarked simultaneously from the vehicle deck 4 of each layer.

  In the above, when the height of the slopes 19, 19 a, 19 b and the height of the vehicle deck 4 on the hull 1 side are different due to changes in the tide level, changes in flooding, or the like, When the height is different from the height of 19a, 19b, the ramp way 20 can be handled by rotating it up and down by the winch 25 or the fluid pressure cylinder 26.

  Next, FIGS. 4 to 6 (a) and 6 (b) show other embodiments of the present invention. The slope for traveling on the vehicle installed on the quay 8 is a straight line according to the embodiment shown in FIG. In place of the above, the spiral slope 27 is formed in a multilayer structure so as to correspond to the vehicle deck 4 of each layer of the car carrier I, and the height of each layer (each floor) is set to the height of the car carrier I. The ramp way 20 is provided on each floor of the spiral slope 27 so that it can be adjusted according to the height between the vehicle decks, and is further spanned between the loading / unloading ports 17 of the hull 1.

  6 (a) and 6 (b) show the spiral slope 27 shown in FIG. 5 in an easy-to-understand manner. As an example of the spiral slope 27, a single spiral shape, that is, between the upper floor and the lower floor. (Hereinafter, referred to as “interlayer”), there is only one slope portion 28, and a shape that can move to the upper floor through the one slope portion 28 is shown.

  More specifically, as shown in FIG. 6 (a), a floor 30 having a notch 29 formed on one side in the left-right direction so as to have a multi-layer structure corresponding to the number of vehicle decks 4 of the car carrier I (as an example in the figure). A plurality of guide holes 31 formed in the corners of each floor 30 are fitted into separate guide columns 32 standing on the quay 8 to form a multilayer structure. To. As the lifting mechanism capable of changing the height between the floors 30 between the floors 30 assembled in multiple layers so that the guide column 32 is used as a guide, a screw jack type lifting mechanism 33 is provided, for example, on the front side and Install on the rear side.

  As shown in an enlarged view in FIG. 7, the screw jack type lifting mechanism 33 is a pantograph-type four link 34 that is pivotally coupled so that it can expand and contract in the vertical direction. The screw 36 is engaged with the screw 35, and the screw 36 is rotated forward and backward by a driving device 37 so that the screw 36 can be expanded and contracted. The lower end is on the upper surface of the floor 30 and the upper end is on the lower surface of the upper floor 30. Each is attached so as to be freely rotatable.

  As the slope portion 28, a slide type that can slide on one end side and an extendable type that can extend and contract in the longitudinal direction can be used. In this embodiment, the slope portion 28 that is extendable is used as the slope portion 28. Shown as used.

  When the guide strut 32 is assembled in multiple layers through the guide holes 31 and the lifting mechanism 33 is interposed between the floors 30 of each layer, as shown in FIG. A telescopic slope portion 28 that can extend and contract in the longitudinal direction is positioned, and a front end portion (one end portion in the longitudinal direction) of each slope portion 28 is hinged to a notch rear end edge portion 38 of the floor 30. The coupling portions 40 are coupled so as to be rotatable in the vertical direction. Further, except for the slope portion 28 in the notch portion 29 of the lowermost floor 30, the rear end portion (the other end portion in the longitudinal direction) of each upper slope portion 28 is a notch in the floor 30 of the lower layer. The rear end portion of the slope portion 28, which is coupled to the front end edge portion 39 so as to be pivotable in the vertical direction by the joint portion 40 similar to the above, is located at the cutout portion 29 of the floor 30 of the lowermost layer. 8 is brought into contact with the upper surface so as to be an entrance to the spiral slope 27 from the quay 8.

  Furthermore, the ramp way 20 is attached to the central portion of the sea side which is the front end of the floor 30 of each layer so as to protrude to the sea side so as to be pivotable in the vertical direction by a joint 40 such as a hinge joint. The ramp way 20 can be rotated (tilted) via the wire rope 23 wound around the winch 25 as in the case of the embodiment shown in FIGS.

  An example of the telescopic slope portion 28 that can be expanded and contracted in the longitudinal direction is a rectangular hollow shape in the longitudinal direction (see FIG. 8 (C) (A), (B), (C), and (D). )), Or a case body 28a having a receiving portion that can be slid by folding both sides inward (FIG. 8D), and a hollow or solid slide slidably inserted into the case body 28a. As a configuration comprising the moving body 28b, it can be freely expanded and contracted. Accordingly, when the height of the floor 30 of each layer is changed by the elevating mechanism 33 in order to match the height of the vehicle deck 4 of each layer of the car carrier I, the notch front edge 39 of the lower floor 30 and the upper floor are accordingly accompanied. Even when the interval between the 30 notch rear edge portions 38 is changed, the slope portion 28 can freely expand and contract following the change in the interval. Reference numeral 41 denotes a guide roller provided at a portion along the guide column 32 of the floor 30.

  According to this embodiment, it is possible to get on and off using the spiral slope 27 without requiring a wide space on the quay 8. First, when the car carrier I is berthed and loads the car 16, the car 16 is sequentially loaded by using the slope portion 28 that is lowered from the lowermost floor 30 of the spiral slope 27 onto the quay 8. .

  When going up from the quay 8 through the slope portion 28 to the first floor 30, the slope portion 28 goes from the first floor 30 to the second floor 30, and sequentially on one side of each floor 30. It moves through a certain slope portion 28 to the upper floor 30. The ramps 20 are provided on the front side of the floors 30, so the automobiles 16 that have been moved to the floors 30 of the respective layers are sequentially placed on the floors 30 by tilting the ramps 20 and moving the leading ends to the hull side. The vehicle passes through 30 rampways 20 and enters the vehicle deck 4 of each layer in the hull 1. Thus, the automobile 16 that has passed through one slope portion 28 between each layer can be simultaneously loaded onto the desired vehicle deck 4 of each layer.

  When tide level fluctuations and drought changes occur during cargo handling work, if the fluctuations or changes are relatively small, the relative displacement between the ship side and the spiral slope 27 side is absorbed by the rotation of the ramp way 20. However, when the above fluctuations and changes become large, the height of each layer of the spiral slope 27, that is, the height of the lampway 20 mounting portion is changed. As shown in FIG. When the height of the vehicle deck 4 of the carrier ship I is low, the height of each layer of the spiral slope 27 is lowered in accordance with the height of the vehicle deck 4, and as shown in FIG. When the height of the vehicle deck 4 of I is high, the height of each layer of the spiral slope 27 is increased in accordance with the height of the vehicle deck 4. In such a case, the height of each floor 30 is determined by operating the screw jack type lifting mechanism 33 shown in FIG. To change. When the height of each floor 30 is lowered, the upper floor 30 can be lowered along the guide column 32 by operating so as to shorten the elevating mechanism 33, which is schematically shown in FIG. As shown, the space between the upper and lower floors 30 can be reduced. At this time, since the slope part 28 is made into a telescopic type, it does not interfere with the descent of the floor 30. Conversely, when increasing the height of each floor 30, the upper floor 30 can be raised along the guide column 32 by using the lower floor 30 as a support base by extending the elevating mechanism 33. As schematically shown in (b), the distance between the upper and lower floors 30 can be increased. At this time, since the slope portion 28 can freely expand and contract, it does not hinder the floor 30 from being pushed up.

  Further, by arbitrarily operating the elevating mechanism 33 interposed between the layers for each layer, the height between the arbitrary layers can be changed. By changing the heights shown in FIGS. In addition, it is possible to easily cope with a case where the position of the predetermined vehicle deck 4 of the car carrier I changes due to a change in tide level or drowning.

  In the above description, an example in which the screw jack type lifting mechanism 33 is adopted as the lifting mechanism is shown. However, as the lifting mechanism, in addition to the screw jack type, as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 10B, a rack 44 is attached along the guide column 32 and a pinion 45 meshing with the rack 44 is mounted on the floor 30. There is a rack and pinion type lifting mechanism 48 which is attached to the output shaft 47 of the driving device 46 and moves the floor 30 up and down along the rack 44 by rotating the pinion 45 forward and backward with the driving device 46. It can replace with the jack type raising / lowering mechanism 33, and can be employ | adopted suitably.

  Further, FIGS. 11 (a) and 11 (b) show an example of a double spiral shape as another modification of the spiral slope 27 in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 to 6 (b) and (b). It is.

  That is, the floor 30 formed with the notches 29, 29a on the left and right sides is arranged in multiple layers along the four guide columns 32 as in the case of FIGS. 29, 29a, in the cutout portion 29 on one side, as in the case shown in FIGS. 6 (a) and 6 (b), a slope portion 28 is attached so that it can be expanded and contracted in the longitudinal direction. The upper floor 30 is connected. In the notch 29a on the opposite side, one end side of the slope portion 28 that is telescopic is coupled to the notch front edge 39 of each floor 30 so as to be pivotable in the vertical direction, and the other end side of the slope portion 28 is The floor 30 is coupled to the notch rear edge 38 of the floor 30 so as to be rotatable in the vertical direction. Other configurations are the same as those in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 to 6 (A) and 6 (B), and the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals.

  In the case of this embodiment, the vehicle 16 can be loaded from the spiral slope 27 onto the vehicle deck 4 of each layer of the car carrier I using the two slope portions 28 at the same time. In comparison, more automobiles 16 can be more efficiently transferred from the spiral slope 27 to the vehicle deck 4 of the automobile carrier I.

  Further, in the above embodiment, among the slope portions 28 for connecting the lowermost floor 30 and the quay 8, the slope portion 28 that rises from the sea side to the first floor 30 is shown in FIG. As indicated by a two-dot chain line in (a), it may be attached to either one of the left and right sides of the rear end of the first floor 30 so as to be rotatable in the vertical direction.

  FIG. 12 schematically shows the case where the slope portion 28 is slidable, and the lower end side can slide on the floor 30.

  FIG. 13 shows still another embodiment of the present invention. In the multi-layered structure as shown in FIGS. 6 (a) and 6 (b), the entire layer is moved by moving the lowermost layer. Can be moved simultaneously.

  That is, the floor 30 provided with the ramp way 20 at the front end edge thereof so as to be rotatable in the vertical direction is arranged in a multi-layered shape as shown in FIG. The other end side of the slope portion 28 formed and joined to each notch rear end edge portion 38 so as to be pivotable in the vertical direction by a joint portion 40 such as a hinge joint is sequentially placed on the lower floor 30. In a configuration that is slidably mounted, a link type in which one end portions of a plurality of sets of links 51 and 52 formed by crossing and connecting are connected to each other and the other end portions are connected to each other so as to freely expand and contract. A telescopic mechanism is assembled as an elevating mechanism 49 between the uppermost floor 30 and the quay 8 on the ground side, and the lowermost floor 30 as the ground floor is moved in the vertical direction so that the floor 30 of the multi-story floor is simultaneously By going up and down To so that.

  In detail, the link connection block 50a is fixedly installed at a required portion of the quay 8 on the ground side, and the link connection block 50b is fixed at a required position on the lower surface of the front end portion of each floor 30. Install. The link connecting block 50b fixed to the lower surface of each floor 30 is provided with one end of each of the link 51 and the link 52 having a required length except for the link connecting block 50b fixed to the uppermost floor 30. One end of the link 52 is rotatably connected to the link connecting block 50 of the floor 30 fixed to the uppermost portion by the horizontal pin 53, and the horizontal pin 53 is also rotatable. The link connecting block 50 a fixed on the quay 8 is connected to one end of the link 51 by a horizontal pin 53 so as to be rotatable, and each end of each link 51, 52 is centered on the horizontal pin 53. Allow to rotate.

  On the other hand, for example, each floor 30 is provided with an opening 56 penetrating in the vertical direction, and the links 51 and 52 cross each other and pass through the opening 56 of each floor 30. To protrude. Each of the other ends of the links 51 and 52 thus constructed is connected by a horizontal pin 53 to a movable link connecting block 54 which can be moved with a roller 55 so that it can move. The mobile link connecting block 54 on the 30 side can be moved along the lower surface of the floor 30, and the mobile link connecting block 54 on the quay 8 side can be moved on the quay 8.

  Further, the intersection of the intermediate positions of the links 51 and 52 is configured to be rotatably connected by a horizontal pin 53, and one end of the link 51 pivotally attached to the link connecting block 50a and the movable link. By narrowing or widening the gap between the other end of the link 52 pivotally attached to the connecting block 54, the links 51, 52 can be expanded and contracted like a magic hand. Can be moved up and down at the same interval width at the same time.

  Furthermore, the hydraulic jack 57 as the raising / lowering drive device for each floor 30 is installed between the lowermost floor 30 as the ground floor and the quay 8, and the lowermost floor 30 is moved in the vertical direction. The floor 30 of the multi-story floor can be raised and lowered via an elevating mechanism 49 as an expansion / contraction mechanism using 51 and 52.

  Reference numeral 58 denotes a slope portion to the lowermost floor 30, but as shown by a two-dot chain line, the slope portion 58 may be attached to the rear edge of the notch portion of the lowermost floor 30 by hinge coupling.

  According to this embodiment, when changing the height position of each rampway 20 having a multilayer structure, the lowermost floor 30 is driven up and down by the lifting drive device 57, so that the entire floor 30 of the multilayer floor can be simultaneously formed. The height position of each lampway 20 can be easily changed by raising and lowering. At this time, since only the lowermost floor 30 as the ground floor is raised and lowered, the number of drive devices as the lift drive device 57 is reduced as compared with a device in which a lift mechanism is installed between the floors 30. Therefore, low cost and high reliability can be achieved.

  The embodiment shown in FIG. 13 has been illustrated and described as a single spiral type as an example, but as another embodiment, for example, as shown in FIGS. The present invention can be similarly applied to a double helix type or a multi helix type. Although the slope portion 28 has been described by taking a slide system as an example, the slope portion 28 may be of a telescopic type, and the lower end side may be hinged to the lower floor 30.

  As another embodiment, in the one shown in FIG. 13, as shown in FIGS. 6 (a) and 6 (b), each floor 30 is moved up and down along the guide posts 32 using the guide posts 32. You can also

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment. For example, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, three linear slopes 19, 19a, 19b are combined to form the first floor, the second floor, Although the case where it is for the third floor is shown, the linear slope may be made to correspond to the case where the vehicle deck of the car carrier I is a single layer, for example, by using only the slope 19, or one straight line. The upper and lower sides of the slope 19 can be moved up and down by an elevating mechanism so that the height of the upper end can be changed so as to correspond to a multilayered vehicle deck. In the case of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 to 6 (a) and (b), an example of a single helix type is used as the spiral slope 27, and in FIG. 11 (b) and (b), a double helix type is used. Each example is shown, but as a modification, three-deck simultaneous cargo handling may be performed as a triple helix type. Further, as the slope portion 28 used for the spiral slope 27, a telescopic type has been illustrated and described, but as shown in FIG. 12, a slide type in which the lower end side can be slid on the floor 30 may be used. Furthermore, in the case of the spiral slope 27, the guide column 32 can be fixed to the quay 8 and can be fixed, or the guide column 32 can be made movable without being fixed to the quay 8, and other aspects of the present invention can be obtained. Of course, various changes can be made without departing from the scope.

1 is a schematic plan view showing an embodiment of the present invention. It is a schematic side view which shows an example of the support system of the ramp way with which the slope of FIG. 1 was equipped. It is a schematic side view which shows the other example of the support system of the ramp way with which the slope of FIG. 1 was equipped. It is a schematic plan view which shows the other form of implementation of this invention. Fig. 4 shows the relationship between the car carrier shown in Fig. 4 and the spiral slope on the quay. (A) shows the case where the height of each floor of the spiral slope is lowered corresponding to the car carrier with a low vehicle deck height. (B) is a schematic front view in the case where the height of each floor of the spiral slope is increased corresponding to an automobile carrier ship with a high vehicle deck height. As one form of the spiral slope in the present invention, an example of a single spiral form is shown, (A) is a schematic front view, and (B) is a partial schematic side view. It is a schematic side view which shows the example of a screw jack type as an raising / lowering mechanism which adjusts the height of each floor of the spiral slope in this invention. The slope part used for the spiral slope in this invention is shown, (A) is a top view, (B) is a side view, (C) is a cross section of an example seen from the AA direction of (B). FIG. 4D is a cross-sectional view of another example viewed from the direction AA of FIG. The state which changed the height of the floor of each floor of the spiral slope in this invention is shown typically, (a) is the state figure which made the height of each floor low like (a), (b) Fig. 5 is a state diagram in which the height of each floor is increased as shown in Fig. 5B, and Fig. 5C is a state diagram in which the height is arbitrarily changed. FIG. 8 shows another example of the lifting mechanism shown in FIG. 7, (A) is a schematic side view when a hydraulic jack type is used, and (B) is a schematic side view when a pinion rack type is used. The example which made the double spiral form as another form of the spiral slope in this invention is shown, (A) is the whole schematic perspective view, (B) is a partial schematic side view. It is a schematic diagram which shows the example which made the slope part used for a helical slope the slide type. It is a schematic side view which shows an example of embodiment which raises / lowers the lowermost floor as a ground floor, and raises / lowers the whole. It is a schematic plan view which shows the state of the loading and unloading of the motor vehicle to the conventional motor vehicle carrier. It is a side view which shows the example by which the ramp way is attached to the conventional ship body side. It is a schematic side view of the motor vehicle carrying ship which equips the conventional ship body with the ramp way, and also equips the ship with the slope.

Explanation of symbols

I Car carrier 1 Hull 4 Vehicle deck 8 Quay (ground)
16 Car 17 Carry-out entrance 18 Watertight door 19, 19a, 19b Linear slope (slope)
20 Rampway 25 Winch 26 Fluid pressure cylinder 27 Spiral slope (slope)
33 Screw jack type lifting mechanism (lifting mechanism)
43 Hydraulic jack lift mechanism (lift mechanism)
48 Rack and pinion type lifting mechanism (lifting mechanism)
49 Lifting mechanism 51 Link 52 Link 57 Hydraulic jack (lifting drive)

Claims (8)

  A method for loading and unloading an automobile carrier, characterized in that an automobile is directly loaded onto an automobile carrier through a slope and a rampway provided on the ground side, and unloaded from the automobile carrier.   The slopes provided on the ground side have a multi-story structure and rampways are installed on each floor so that vehicles can be loaded directly on the vehicle decks of each layer of the car carrier at the same time, and can be loaded and unloaded simultaneously from the vehicle decks of each layer of the car carrier. A cargo handling method for an automobile carrier characterized by   Equipped with a slope and rampway on the ground side for a car carrier that can open and close the car entrance and exit, loading and unloading the car from the ground side ramp, ramp way to the car carrier, A loading / unloading device for an automobile carrier characterized by having a configuration for allowing loading and unloading.   4. The cargo handling apparatus for an automobile carrier according to claim 3, wherein a watertight door is provided at a carry-out entrance for each vehicle deck of each layer of the automobile carrier, and a rampway is provided on each floor with a slope on the ground side as a multi-level structure.   The cargo handling device for an automobile carrier according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the ramp is provided with a device for rotating the ramp way in the vertical direction by attaching the ramp way to the slope so as to be rotatable in the vertical direction.   6. The cargo handling apparatus for an automobile carrier according to claim 3, further comprising an elevating mechanism for changing the height of the ramp ramp mounting position of the slope.   5. A cargo handling system for an automobile carrier according to claim 4, wherein a lifting mechanism capable of expanding and contracting the link is assembled to the multi-layer floor, and the multi-layer floor is moved up and down by moving a predetermined floor up and down by a lift driving device.   The cargo handling apparatus for an automobile carrier according to claim 3, 4, 5 or 6, wherein the slope is linear or spiral.

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