JP2006118662A - Universal joint - Google Patents

Universal joint Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2006118662A
JP2006118662A JP2004309167A JP2004309167A JP2006118662A JP 2006118662 A JP2006118662 A JP 2006118662A JP 2004309167 A JP2004309167 A JP 2004309167A JP 2004309167 A JP2004309167 A JP 2004309167A JP 2006118662 A JP2006118662 A JP 2006118662A
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Prior art keywords
shaft
universal joint
bearing cup
cross shaft
face
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JP2004309167A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Takeshi Umeno
剛 梅野
Tokuji Kamimura
篤司 上村
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JTEKT Corp
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JTEKT Corp
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Priority to JP2004309167A priority Critical patent/JP2006118662A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
    • F16D3/26—Hooke's joints or other joints with an equivalent intermediate member to which each coupling part is pivotally or slidably connected
    • F16D3/38—Hooke's joints or other joints with an equivalent intermediate member to which each coupling part is pivotally or slidably connected with a single intermediate member with trunnions or bearings arranged on two axes perpendicular to one another
    • F16D3/382—Hooke's joints or other joints with an equivalent intermediate member to which each coupling part is pivotally or slidably connected with a single intermediate member with trunnions or bearings arranged on two axes perpendicular to one another constructional details of other than the intermediate member
    • F16D3/385—Bearing cup; Bearing construction; Bearing seal; Mounting of bearing on the intermediate member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C17/00—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C17/04—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for axial load only
    • F16C17/08—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for axial load only for supporting the end face of a shaft or other member, e.g. footstep bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C21/00—Combinations of sliding-contact bearings with ball or roller bearings, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C21/005—Combinations of sliding-contact bearings with ball or roller bearings, for exclusively rotary movement the external zone of a bearing with rolling members, e.g. needles, being cup-shaped, with or without a separate thrust-bearing disc or ring, e.g. for universal joints
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
    • F16D3/26—Hooke's joints or other joints with an equivalent intermediate member to which each coupling part is pivotally or slidably connected
    • F16D3/38—Hooke's joints or other joints with an equivalent intermediate member to which each coupling part is pivotally or slidably connected with a single intermediate member with trunnions or bearings arranged on two axes perpendicular to one another
    • F16D3/40—Hooke's joints or other joints with an equivalent intermediate member to which each coupling part is pivotally or slidably connected with a single intermediate member with trunnions or bearings arranged on two axes perpendicular to one another with intermediate member provided with two pairs of outwardly-directed trunnions on intersecting axes
    • F16D3/41—Hooke's joints or other joints with an equivalent intermediate member to which each coupling part is pivotally or slidably connected with a single intermediate member with trunnions or bearings arranged on two axes perpendicular to one another with intermediate member provided with two pairs of outwardly-directed trunnions on intersecting axes with ball or roller bearings

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a universal joint with a longer service life than a conventional product, wherein wear of a member slidably contacting a joint cross shaft part is small. <P>SOLUTION: Crowning is applied to an end face 1y of the joint cross shaft part 1a facing a bottom inner face 2y of a bearing cup 2. By the composition, the shaft part 1a of the joint cross 1 does not apply a local high bearing pressure on an outer rim area of the inner face 2y of a slidably contacting bearing cup bottom 1b, and wear of the outer rim area can be reduced in comparison with a conventional universal joint. In the universal joint, malfunction caused by wear of the member facing the shaft part end face 1y is prevented, and its durability and service life are improved. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、例えば自動車等のプロペラシャフトに用いられる自在継手に関する。   The present invention relates to a universal joint used for a propeller shaft of an automobile, for example.

自動車や各種産業機械に使用される自在継手（ユニバーサルジョイント）として、十字軸を用いた十字軸自在継手が使用されている（例えば、特許文献１〜２等を参照。）。   As a universal joint used in automobiles and various industrial machines, a cruciform universal joint using a cruciform axis is used (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).

図５は、従来の自在継手の構造例を示す一部断面図である。
この自在継手は、各軸部１ａが四方に突出した十字軸１によって、二又状となった一対のヨーク４，４を相互に連結した構造である。これら各ヨーク４の両外側端部４ｂには、溶接、スプライン等により、トルク伝達部材（プロペラシャフト，トランスミッションのアウトプットシャフト等）がそれぞれ連結されている。 FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view showing an example of the structure of a conventional universal joint.
This universal joint has a structure in which a pair of yokes 4 and 4 in a bifurcated shape are connected to each other by a cross shaft 1 in which each shaft portion 1a protrudes in four directions. Torque transmission members (such as a propeller shaft and a transmission output shaft) are connected to both outer end portions 4b of the yokes 4 by welding, spline, or the like.

また、これらヨーク４の二又状となった端部４ａ，４ａには、十字軸１の各軸部１ａを支持するための嵌合孔４ｘがそれぞれ形成されており、十字軸１とヨーク４とは、十字軸１の軸部１ａを内輪とし、金属製の軸受カップ２を外輪として、これら内外輪の間に複数の針状ころ３，３，・・・を配置したラジアル軸受を介在させて連結されている。   Further, fitting ends 4x for supporting the shaft portions 1a of the cross shaft 1 are formed in the bifurcated end portions 4a and 4a of the yoke 4, and the cross shaft 1 and the yoke 4 are respectively formed. Means that the shaft portion 1a of the cross shaft 1 is an inner ring and the metal bearing cup 2 is an outer ring, and a radial bearing having a plurality of needle rollers 3, 3,. Are connected.

図６は、この自在継手における軸受部の拡大断面図である。
軸受カップ２は、円筒部２ａと底部２ｂからなる有底円筒体であり、削り出し加工により形成されている。また、ヨーク４の二又状端部４ａに設けられた嵌合孔４ｘの内周面４ｙには、円周溝４ｚが形成されており、この円周溝４ｚの中に配置された止め輪５により、前記軸受カップ２の位置決めと抜け止めがなされている。 FIG. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a bearing portion in this universal joint.
The bearing cup 2 is a bottomed cylindrical body including a cylindrical portion 2a and a bottom portion 2b, and is formed by machining. Further, a circumferential groove 4z is formed on the inner peripheral surface 4y of the fitting hole 4x provided in the bifurcated end 4a of the yoke 4, and a retaining ring disposed in the circumferential groove 4z. 5, the bearing cup 2 is positioned and prevented from coming off.

軸受カップ２の内周面２ｘと軸部１ａの外周面１ｘとによって形成される環状空間の中には、複数の針状ころ３が配置され、この軸受カップ２の開口部は、複数のリップを備える環状シール部材６により密封されている。また、このシール部材６の外側には、泥水等の浸入を防止するダストシールド７が配置されている。   A plurality of needle rollers 3 are arranged in an annular space formed by the inner peripheral surface 2x of the bearing cup 2 and the outer peripheral surface 1x of the shaft portion 1a, and the opening of the bearing cup 2 has a plurality of lips. It is sealed by an annular seal member 6 comprising In addition, a dust shield 7 for preventing intrusion of muddy water or the like is disposed outside the seal member 6.

なお、自在継手の中には、図７にように、軸部１ａのガタ量低減と耐焼付き性の向上のために、十字軸軸部１ａの端面１ｙと軸受カップ底部２ｂの内面２ｙとの間に、輪状のスラストワッシャ８が介在配置されたものもある。   As shown in FIG. 7, in the universal joint, in order to reduce the backlash of the shaft portion 1a and to improve the seizure resistance, the end surface 1y of the cross shaft portion 1a and the inner surface 2y of the bearing cup bottom portion 2b are provided. In some cases, a ring-shaped thrust washer 8 is interposed.

特開２００２−１８１０７０号公報JP 2002-181070 A 特開２００３−１２０７１０号公報JP 2003-120710 A

ところで、十字軸軸部と摺接するスラストワッシャ端面の外縁領域は、ワッシャ内径部位に比べてすべり速度（周速）が速く、また、十字軸軸部より受ける面圧も、エッジロードによってワッシャ内径部位より高いことが知られており、本来、摩耗が発生し易い場所である。   By the way, the outer edge region of the end face of the thrust washer that is in sliding contact with the cross shaft portion has a higher sliding speed (peripheral speed) than the inner diameter portion of the washer. It is known to be higher and is inherently a place where wear is likely to occur.

また、十字軸軸部の回転を支持する軸受部にラジアルすきまがあることから、ヨークに連結されたトルク伝達部材のトルクを負荷した際に、十字軸軸部の回転軸がこのすきま分傾く場合があり、この軸部の端面と摺接する部材の対向面（軸受カップの底部内面あるいはスラストワッシャ端面）の外縁領域の摩耗が、その内径側の部位より進行してしまう可能性があった。   In addition, since there is a radial clearance in the bearing that supports the rotation of the cross shaft portion, the rotation shaft of the cross shaft portion tilts by this clearance when the torque of the torque transmission member connected to the yoke is loaded. There is a possibility that the wear of the outer edge region of the facing surface (the inner surface of the bottom of the bearing cup or the end surface of the thrust washer) of the member that is in sliding contact with the end surface of the shaft portion may progress from the inner diameter side.

本発明は、上記する課題に対処するためになされたものであり、十字軸軸部と摺接する部材の摩耗が少なく、従来品より寿命の長い自在継手を提供することを目的としている。   The present invention has been made in order to address the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to provide a universal joint that has less wear on a member that is in sliding contact with the cross shaft portion and has a longer life than conventional products.

本発明は、十字軸軸部と摺接する対向面における外縁領域の接触面圧を低減し、エッジロードによる摩擦を緩和することによって、所期の目的を達成しようとするものである。   The present invention seeks to achieve the intended object by reducing the contact surface pressure of the outer edge region on the opposing surface that is in sliding contact with the cruciform shaft portion and alleviating friction caused by edge loading.

すなわち、前記の目的を達成するために、請求項１に記載の発明は、ヨークの二又状端部に設けられた嵌合孔に嵌め入れられた有底円筒状の軸受カップと、この軸受カップの内周に配置された転動体あるいは筒状体によって、十字軸の軸部を回転自在に支持する自在継手において、互いに摺接する前記十字軸の軸部端面と前記軸受カップの底部内面のいずれか一方に、クラウニングが施されていることを特徴とする。   That is, in order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 is directed to a bottomed cylindrical bearing cup fitted in a fitting hole provided in a bifurcated end portion of a yoke, and the bearing. In a universal joint that rotatably supports the shaft portion of the cross shaft by a rolling element or a cylindrical body arranged on the inner periphery of the cup, any one of the shaft end surface of the cross shaft and the bottom inner surface of the bearing cup that are in sliding contact with each other On the other hand, it is characterized by crowning.

また、請求項２に記載の発明は、ヨークの二又状端部に設けられた嵌合孔に嵌め入れられた有底円筒状の軸受カップと、この軸受カップの内周に配置された転動体あるいは筒状体によって、十字軸の軸部を回転自在に支持するとともに、前記十字軸の軸部端面と前記軸受カップの底部内面との間に、輪状のスラストワッシャが介在配置されてなる自在継手において、互いに摺接する前記十字軸の軸部端面と前記スラストワッシャの軸部側端面のいずれか一方に、クラウニングが施されていることを特徴とする。   The invention according to claim 2 is also directed to a bottomed cylindrical bearing cup fitted in a fitting hole provided at a bifurcated end of the yoke, and a roller disposed on the inner periphery of the bearing cup. The shaft portion of the cross shaft is rotatably supported by a moving body or a cylindrical body, and a ring-shaped thrust washer is interposed between the shaft end surface of the cross shaft and the bottom inner surface of the bearing cup. In the joint, crowning is performed on either one of the shaft end surface of the cross shaft and the shaft end side end surface of the thrust washer that are in sliding contact with each other.

これら請求項１および請求項２に記載の発明によれば、十字軸の軸部端面とこの端面に摺接する対向面のいずれか一方をクラウニング形状に形成することによって、前記対向面の外縁領域が十字軸軸部から受ける局部的な高面圧を緩和することができる。従って、本発明の自在継手は、軸部端面に対向する部材の摩耗に起因する不具合が防止されるとともに、自在継手自身の耐久性および寿命が向上する。   According to the first and second aspects of the present invention, the outer edge region of the facing surface is formed by forming either one of the shaft end surface of the cross shaft and the facing surface slidably contacting the end surface in a crowning shape. Local high surface pressure received from the cross shaft portion can be reduced. Therefore, in the universal joint of the present invention, problems due to wear of the member facing the end surface of the shaft portion are prevented, and the durability and life of the universal joint itself are improved.

次に、請求項３および請求項４に記載の発明は、十字軸の軸部端面とこの端面に摺接する対向面の両者を、互いに全面で接触する球面とすることにより、これら摺接する領域全体の接触面圧を低減しようとするものである。   Next, the invention according to claim 3 and claim 4 is that the shaft end face of the cross shaft and the opposing face that is in sliding contact with the end face are both spherical surfaces that are in contact with each other, so that the entire sliding contact area is It is intended to reduce the contact surface pressure.

すなわち、請求項３に記載の方法は、ヨークの二又状端部に設けられた嵌合孔に嵌め入れられた有底円筒状の軸受カップと、この軸受カップの内周に配置された転動体あるいは筒状体によって、十字軸の軸部を回転自在に支持する自在継手において、前記十字軸の軸部端面が凸球面に形成され、この軸部端面に摺接する前記軸受カップの底部内面が、前記凸球面と対称の凹球面に形成されていることを特徴とする。   That is, the method according to claim 3 includes a bottomed cylindrical bearing cup fitted in a fitting hole provided in a bifurcated end portion of a yoke, and a roller disposed on the inner periphery of the bearing cup. In a universal joint that rotatably supports the shaft portion of the cross shaft by a moving body or a cylindrical body, the shaft portion end surface of the cross shaft is formed into a convex spherical surface, and the bottom inner surface of the bearing cup that is in sliding contact with the shaft portion end surface is The concave spherical surface is symmetrical to the convex spherical surface.

同様に、請求項４に記載の発明は、ヨークの二又状端部に設けられた嵌合孔に嵌め入れられた有底円筒状の軸受カップと、この軸受カップの内周に配置された転動体あるいは筒状体によって、十字軸の軸部を回転自在に支持するとともに、前記十字軸の軸部端面と前記軸受カップの底部内面との間に、輪状のスラストワッシャが介在配置されてなる自在継手において、前記十字軸の軸部端面が凸球面に形成され、この軸部端面に摺接する前記スラストワッシャの軸部側端面が、前記凸球面と対称の凹球面に形成されていることを特徴とする。   Similarly, the invention according to claim 4 is disposed on the inner periphery of the bottomed cylindrical bearing cup fitted in the fitting hole provided in the bifurcated end of the yoke. The shaft portion of the cross shaft is rotatably supported by a rolling element or a cylindrical body, and a ring-shaped thrust washer is disposed between the shaft end surface of the cross shaft and the bottom inner surface of the bearing cup. In the universal joint, the shaft end surface of the cross shaft is formed as a convex spherical surface, and the shaft side end surface of the thrust washer that is in sliding contact with the shaft end surface is formed as a concave spherical surface symmetrical to the convex spherical surface. Features.

以上の構成により、これらの自在継手は、従来の自在継手に比べ、十字軸の軸部端面とこの端面に摺接する対向面（軸受カップの底部内面あるいはスラストワッシャの軸部側端面）の間の接触面圧が、これらの摺接する領域全体において低減される。従って、前記請求項１および２に記載の自在継手と同様、軸部端面に対向する部材の摩耗に起因する不具合が防止されるとともに、自在継手自身の耐久性および寿命を向上させることができる。   With the above configuration, these universal joints, compared to conventional universal joints, are located between the shaft end surface of the cross shaft and the opposing surface (the inner surface of the bottom of the bearing cup or the shaft side end surface of the thrust washer) that is in sliding contact with this end surface. The contact surface pressure is reduced over the entire sliding area. Therefore, similarly to the universal joint according to the first and second aspects, problems due to wear of the member facing the shaft end face can be prevented, and the durability and life of the universal joint itself can be improved.

以上のように、本発明によれば、トルクを負荷した場合でも、十字軸軸部と摺接する軸受カップの底部内面あるいはスラストワッシャ端面の摩耗が抑制され、長期に渡り安定して使用可能な自在継手とすることができる。   As described above, according to the present invention, even when torque is applied, wear on the bottom inner surface of the bearing cup or the end face of the thrust washer that is in sliding contact with the cross shaft portion is suppressed, and can be used stably over a long period of time. It can be a joint.

以下、図面を参照しつつこの発明を実施するための形態について説明する。
図１は、本発明の第１実施形態における自在継手の軸受部の構造を示す軸方向断面図であり、図２は、本発明の第２実施形態における自在継手の軸受部の構造を示す軸方向断面図である。なお、従来例と同様の機能を有する構成部材には、同じ符号を付記する。また、これらの実施形態における自在継手全体の構成は、従来例（図５）と同様であるため、その詳細な説明は省略する。 Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is an axial sectional view showing the structure of the bearing portion of the universal joint in the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is the shaft showing the structure of the bearing portion of the universal joint in the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the structural member which has the same function as a prior art example. Moreover, since the structure of the whole universal joint in these embodiment is the same as that of a prior art example (FIG. 5), the detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.

これらの自在継手における十字軸軸部周辺（軸受部）は、基本的に従来と同様の構成であり、十字軸１の軸部１ａと、円筒部２ａと底部２ｂからなる有底円筒状の軸受カップ２と、これら軸受カップ２の内周面２ｘと十字軸軸部１ａの外周面１ｘの間に配置された複数の針状ころ３と、軸受カップ２の開口近傍に配設された環状シール部材６とダストシールド７と、を主体として構成されている。また、軸受カップ２は、自在継手のヨーク４の二又状端部４ａに設けられた嵌合孔４ｘに嵌め入れられ、その内周４ｙに配置された止め輪５により、軸方向の位置決めと抜け止めがなされている。   The periphery of the cruciform shaft portion (bearing portion) in these universal joints is basically the same as the conventional one, and a bottomed cylindrical bearing composed of the shaft portion 1a of the cruciform shaft 1, the cylindrical portion 2a, and the bottom portion 2b. A cup 2, a plurality of needle rollers 3 disposed between the inner peripheral surface 2x of the bearing cup 2 and the outer peripheral surface 1x of the cross shaft portion 1a, and an annular seal disposed in the vicinity of the opening of the bearing cup 2 The member 6 and the dust shield 7 are mainly configured. The bearing cup 2 is fitted in a fitting hole 4x provided in the bifurcated end 4a of the universal joint yoke 4, and is positioned in the axial direction by a retaining ring 5 disposed on the inner periphery 4y thereof. The retaining is made.

第１実施形態における自在継手の特徴は、図１に示すように、十字軸端部１ａの端面１ｙにクラウニングが施されている点である。このクラウニングは、軸部外周の面取り部位を除く端面１ｙ全体に施されている。なお、クラウニング加工の加工量（ドロップ量）は、実際には数μｍ〜２０μｍ程度であるが、この図では誇張して描かれている。   The feature of the universal joint in the first embodiment is that, as shown in FIG. 1, crowning is applied to the end surface 1y of the cross shaft end portion 1a. This crowning is applied to the entire end surface 1y excluding the chamfered portion on the outer periphery of the shaft portion. Note that the processing amount (drop amount) of the crowning process is actually about several μm to 20 μm, but is exaggerated in this drawing.

以上の構成により、この自在継手は、十字軸軸部１ａと摺接する軸受カップ底部１ｂの内面２ｙの外縁領域に、局部的な高面圧がかかることなく、この外縁領域の摩耗を低減することができる。従って、本実施形態における自在継手は、軸部端面１ｙに対向する部材の摩耗に起因する不具合が防止されるとともに、その耐久性および寿命が向上する。   With the above configuration, this universal joint reduces the wear of the outer edge region without applying a local high surface pressure to the outer edge region of the inner surface 2y of the bearing cup bottom 1b that is in sliding contact with the cross shaft 1a. Can do. Therefore, the universal joint according to the present embodiment is prevented from malfunction caused by wear of the member facing the shaft end surface 1y, and has improved durability and life.

なお、このクラウニング加工は、十字軸軸部１ａの端面１ｙに摺接する軸受カップ底部１ｂの内面２ｙ側に施しても良いが、この底部内面２ｙには、供給されるグリース等を針状ころ３周辺にまで運ぶ潤滑剤供給溝が形成されている自在継手もあり、その場合は加工が難しい。   The crowning process may be performed on the inner surface 2y side of the bearing cup bottom 1b that is in sliding contact with the end surface 1y of the cross shaft 1a. There is also a universal joint in which a lubricant supply groove is formed to carry to the periphery, in which case processing is difficult.

また、図２のように、十字軸１の軸部端面１ｙと軸受カップ２の底部内面２ｙとの間に、輪状のスラストワッシャ８が介在配置された自在継手（第２実施形態）の場合は、外周の面取り部位を除く軸部端面１ｙ（図２）あるいはスラストワッシャ８の軸部側端面８ｙのいずれか一方にクラウニングを施せば良い。   In the case of a universal joint (second embodiment) in which a ring-shaped thrust washer 8 is disposed between the shaft end face 1y of the cross shaft 1 and the bottom inner surface 2y of the bearing cup 2 as shown in FIG. Any one of the shaft end surface 1y (FIG. 2) excluding the outer peripheral chamfered portion and the shaft portion side end surface 8y of the thrust washer 8 may be crowned.

次に、本発明の第３および第４実施形態について説明する。
図３は、本発明の第３実施形態における自在継手の軸受部の構造を示す軸方向断面図であり、図４は、本発明の第４実施形態における自在継手の軸受部の構造を示す軸方向断面図である。なお、これら実施形態における自在継手全体の構成も、従来例（図５）と同様である。 Next, third and fourth embodiments of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 3 is an axial sectional view showing the structure of the bearing portion of the universal joint according to the third embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is the shaft showing the structure of the bearing portion of the universal joint according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. In addition, the structure of the universal joint in these embodiments is the same as that of the conventional example (FIG. 5).

この第３実施形態における自在継手が、前記第１実施形態の自在継手と異なる特徴は、十字軸軸部１ａの端面１ｙが凸球面に形成されているとともに、この軸部端面１ｙに対向する軸受カップ底部２ｂの内面２ｙが、前記凸球面と対称になる凹球面に形成されている点である。   The universal joint of the third embodiment is different from the universal joint of the first embodiment in that the end surface 1y of the cross shaft portion 1a is formed as a convex spherical surface and the bearing faces the shaft portion end surface 1y. The inner surface 2y of the cup bottom 2b is formed in a concave spherical surface that is symmetrical to the convex spherical surface.

以上の構成により、この自在継手は、従来の自在継手に比べ、十字軸１の軸部端面１ｙと軸受カップ底部２ｂの内面２ｙとの間の接触面圧が、これらが摺接する領域全体において低減される。従って、本実施形態における自在継手も、前記請求項１および２に記載の自在継手と同様、軸部端面１ｙに対向する部材の摩耗に起因する不具合が防止されるとともに、自在継手自身の耐久性および寿命を向上させることができる。   With the above configuration, in this universal joint, the contact surface pressure between the shaft end surface 1y of the cross shaft 1 and the inner surface 2y of the bearing cup bottom 2b is reduced in the entire area where they slide in comparison with the conventional universal joint. Is done. Accordingly, the universal joint according to the present embodiment is also free from problems caused by wear of the member facing the shaft end surface 1y, as well as the universal joint according to the first and second aspects, and the durability of the universal joint itself. And the life can be improved.

なお、図４のように、十字軸１の軸部端面１ｙと軸受カップ２の底部内面２ｙとの間に、輪状のスラストワッシャ８が介在配置された自在継手（第４実施形態）の場合は、十字軸軸部１ａの端面１ｙを凸球面に形成するとともに、この軸部端面１ｙに対向するスラストワッシャ８の軸部側端面８ｙを、前記凸球面と対称になる凹球面に形成すれば良い。この構成により、第３実施形態と同様の効果を奏することができる。   In the case of a universal joint (fourth embodiment) in which a ring-shaped thrust washer 8 is interposed between the shaft end surface 1y of the cross shaft 1 and the bottom inner surface 2y of the bearing cup 2 as shown in FIG. The end surface 1y of the cross shaft portion 1a may be formed into a convex spherical surface, and the shaft portion side end surface 8y of the thrust washer 8 facing the shaft end surface 1y may be formed into a concave spherical surface that is symmetrical to the convex spherical surface. . With this configuration, the same effect as that of the third embodiment can be obtained.

本発明の第１実施形態の自在継手における軸受部の構造を示す軸方向断面図である。It is an axial sectional view showing the structure of the bearing portion in the universal joint of the first embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の第２実施形態の自在継手における軸受部の構造を示す軸方向断面図である。It is an axial sectional view showing the structure of the bearing portion in the universal joint of the second embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の第３実施形態の自在継手における軸受部の構造を示す軸方向断面図である。It is an axial sectional view showing the structure of the bearing portion in the universal joint of the third embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の第４実施形態の自在継手における軸受部の構造を示す軸方向断面図である。It is an axial sectional view showing the structure of the bearing portion in the universal joint of the fourth embodiment of the present invention. 自在継手の構成例を示す一部断面図である。It is a partial cross section figure which shows the structural example of a universal joint. 従来の自在継手における軸受部の構造を示す軸方向断面図である。It is an axial sectional view showing a structure of a bearing portion in a conventional universal joint. スラストワッシャを備える従来の自在継手における軸受部の構造を示す軸方向断面図である。It is an axial sectional view showing a structure of a bearing portion in a conventional universal joint provided with a thrust washer.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 十字軸
１ａ 軸部
１ｘ 軸部外周面
１ｙ 軸部端面
２ 軸受カップ
２ａ 円筒部
２ｂ 底部
２ｘ 筒状部内周面
２ｙ 底部内面
３ 針状ころ
４ ヨーク
４ａ，４ｂ 端部
４ｘ 嵌合孔
４ｚ 円周溝
５ 止め輪
６ シール部材
７ ダストシールド
８ スラストワッシャ
８ｙ 端面 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cross shaft 1a Shaft part 1x Shaft part outer peripheral surface 1y Shaft part end surface 2 Bearing cup 2a Cylindrical part 2b Bottom part 2x Cylindrical part inner peripheral surface 2y Bottom inner surface 3 Needle roller 4 Yoke 4a, 4b End part 4x Mating hole 4z Circumference Groove 5 Retaining ring 6 Seal member 7 Dust shield 8 Thrust washer 8y End face

Claims (4)

ヨークの二又状端部に設けられた嵌合孔に嵌め入れられた有底円筒状の軸受カップと、この軸受カップの内周に配置された転動体あるいは筒状体によって、十字軸の軸部を回転自在に支持する自在継手において、
互いに摺接する前記十字軸の軸部端面と前記軸受カップの底部内面のいずれか一方に、クラウニングが施されていることを特徴とする自在継手。 The shaft of the cross shaft is formed by a bottomed cylindrical bearing cup fitted in a fitting hole provided at the bifurcated end of the yoke and a rolling element or a cylindrical body arranged on the inner periphery of the bearing cup. In the universal joint that rotatably supports the part,
A universal joint, wherein either one of an end surface of the cross shaft and a bottom inner surface of the bearing cup that are in sliding contact with each other is crowned. ヨークの二又状端部に設けられた嵌合孔に嵌め入れられた有底円筒状の軸受カップと、この軸受カップの内周に配置された転動体あるいは筒状体によって、十字軸の軸部を回転自在に支持するとともに、前記十字軸の軸部端面と前記軸受カップの底部内面との間に、輪状のスラストワッシャが介在配置されてなる自在継手において、
互いに摺接する前記十字軸の軸部端面と前記スラストワッシャの軸部側端面のいずれか一方に、クラウニングが施されていることを特徴とする自在継手。 The shaft of the cross shaft is formed by a bottomed cylindrical bearing cup fitted in a fitting hole provided at the bifurcated end of the yoke and a rolling element or a cylindrical body arranged on the inner periphery of the bearing cup. In a universal joint in which a ring-shaped thrust washer is interposed between the shaft end surface of the cross shaft and the bottom inner surface of the bearing cup,
A universal joint, wherein either one of an end surface of the cross shaft and a shaft side end surface of the thrust washer that are in sliding contact with each other is crowned. ヨークの二又状端部に設けられた嵌合孔に嵌め入れられた有底円筒状の軸受カップと、この軸受カップの内周に配置された転動体あるいは筒状体によって、十字軸の軸部を回転自在に支持する自在継手において、
前記十字軸の軸部端面が凸球面に形成され、この軸部端面に摺接する前記軸受カップの底部内面が、前記凸球面と対称の凹球面に形成されていることを特徴とする自在継手。 The shaft of the cross shaft is formed by a bottomed cylindrical bearing cup fitted in a fitting hole provided at the bifurcated end of the yoke and a rolling element or a cylindrical body arranged on the inner periphery of the bearing cup. In the universal joint that rotatably supports the part,
A universal joint characterized in that a shaft end face of the cross shaft is formed into a convex spherical surface, and a bottom inner surface of the bearing cup that is in sliding contact with the shaft end face is formed into a concave spherical surface symmetrical to the convex spherical surface. ヨークの二又状端部に設けられた嵌合孔に嵌め入れられた有底円筒状の軸受カップと、この軸受カップの内周に配置された転動体あるいは筒状体によって、十字軸の軸部を回転自在に支持するとともに、前記十字軸の軸部端面と前記軸受カップの底部内面との間に、輪状のスラストワッシャが介在配置されてなる自在継手において、
前記十字軸の軸部端面が凸球面に形成され、この軸部端面に摺接する前記スラストワッシャの軸部側端面が、前記凸球面と対称の凹球面に形成されていることを特徴とする自在継手。
The shaft of the cross shaft is formed by a bottomed cylindrical bearing cup fitted in a fitting hole provided at the bifurcated end of the yoke and a rolling element or a cylindrical body arranged on the inner periphery of the bearing cup. In a universal joint in which a ring-shaped thrust washer is interposed between the shaft end surface of the cross shaft and the bottom inner surface of the bearing cup,
A shaft end face of the cross shaft is formed as a convex spherical surface, and a shaft end face of the thrust washer that is in sliding contact with the shaft end face is formed as a concave spherical surface symmetrical to the convex spherical surface. Fittings.
JP2004309167A 2004-10-25 2004-10-25 Universal joint Pending JP2006118662A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8196932B2 (en) 2007-10-12 2012-06-12 Nok Corporation Sealing device for universal joint
CN115750613A (en) * 2022-11-04 2023-03-07 泰尔重工股份有限公司 Cross package and cross shaft type universal coupling

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8196932B2 (en) 2007-10-12 2012-06-12 Nok Corporation Sealing device for universal joint
CN115750613A (en) * 2022-11-04 2023-03-07 泰尔重工股份有限公司 Cross package and cross shaft type universal coupling

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