JP2006112740A - Exhaust heat boiler detecting abnormal increase in exhaust gas outlet temperature - Google Patents

Exhaust heat boiler detecting abnormal increase in exhaust gas outlet temperature Download PDF

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JP2006112740A
JP2006112740A JP2004302353A JP2004302353A JP2006112740A JP 2006112740 A JP2006112740 A JP 2006112740A JP 2004302353 A JP2004302353 A JP 2004302353A JP 2004302353 A JP2004302353 A JP 2004302353A JP 2006112740 A JP2006112740 A JP 2006112740A
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exhaust gas
gas outlet
outlet temperature
exhaust
heat transfer
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JP4679873B2 (en
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Masahito Nishiyama
将人 西山
Noritoshi Ando
則俊 安藤
Kaoru Miyoshi
薫 三好
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SAMSON CO Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To accurately detect an abnormality such as soot adhesion on a heat transfer part. <P>SOLUTION: In this exhaust heat boiler having an exhaust gas inlet part 9 introducing high-temperature exhaust gas delivered from a heating source 2 to the inside of the exhaust heat boiler, the heat transfer part collecting heat from the introduced exhaust gas, and an exhaust gas outlet part discharging the exhaust gas passed through the heat transfer part toward a chimney, a bypass passage is provided to connect the exhaust gas inlet part to the exhaust gas outlet part, and the delivery destination of the exhaust gas is changed between the heat transfer part side and the bypass passage side by an exhaust gas damper. An exhaust gas outlet temperature detector is provided at the exhaust gas outlet part, and when an exhaust gas outlet temperature measured by the exhaust gas outlet temperature detector exceeds a set value X without showing a reducing tendency in a state that the exhaust gas is supplied to the heat transfer part, an abnormal increase in exhaust gas outlet temperature is determined. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は排ガス出口温度高異常を検出する排熱ボイラに関するものである。   The present invention relates to an exhaust heat boiler that detects an abnormal exhaust gas outlet temperature.

特開２００４−１２５２５６号公報に記載があるように、エンジンやガスタービンなどの発熱源と、発熱源で発生した排ガスから熱を回収する排熱ボイラ（排ガスボイラ）を設置しておき、装置全体としての効率を高めるということが行われている。この場合、エンジンなど発熱源側の稼働が優先され、排熱ボイラ側では加熱の必要がない状態であっても、発熱源による排ガスの発生が続けられるということがある。   As described in JP-A-2004-125256, a heat source such as an engine or a gas turbine and a heat exhaust boiler (exhaust gas boiler) that recovers heat from exhaust gas generated by the heat source are installed, and the entire apparatus It has been done to improve the efficiency as. In this case, priority is given to the operation on the heat source side such as an engine, and the exhaust heat boiler may continue to generate exhaust gas even when there is no need for heating on the exhaust heat boiler side.

そのため、排熱ボイラの排ガス入口部と排ガス出口部を直接結ぶバイパス通路を設けておき、排熱ボイラへの加熱が不要な場合は、バイパス通路へ排ガスを送るということが行われている。例えば、特開２００４−１２５２５６号公報に記載のボイラでは、ボイラの排ガス入口部と排ガス出口部を結ぶバイパス通路であるガス管路６４を設けておき、ガス管路６４の接続部に三方弁７２を設けている。ボイラの加熱を行う場合には、三方弁７２によってバイパス通路側入口を閉じ、排ガスボイラ側入口は開くことで、排ガスを排ガスボイラへ送る。逆に排ガスボイラへの加熱を停止する場合には、三方弁７２のバイパス通路側入口を開き、排ガスボイラ側入口を閉じることで、排ガスをバイパス通路へと送る。   For this reason, a bypass passage that directly connects the exhaust gas inlet portion and the exhaust gas outlet portion of the exhaust heat boiler is provided, and when heating to the exhaust heat boiler is unnecessary, exhaust gas is sent to the bypass passage. For example, in a boiler described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-125256, a gas pipe 64 that is a bypass passage connecting an exhaust gas inlet portion and an exhaust gas outlet portion of a boiler is provided, and a three-way valve 72 is provided at a connection portion of the gas pipe 64. Is provided. When heating the boiler, the bypass passage side inlet is closed by the three-way valve 72 and the exhaust gas boiler side inlet is opened, so that the exhaust gas is sent to the exhaust gas boiler. Conversely, when heating to the exhaust gas boiler is stopped, the bypass passage side inlet of the three-way valve 72 is opened and the exhaust gas boiler side inlet is closed, thereby sending the exhaust gas to the bypass passage.

排熱ボイラの伝熱部は、多数の熱吸収用フィンを付けた水管群からなり、排ガスの熱を水管内の缶水が吸収する構成とする。この場合、水管外面である排ガス側にはススが付着する可能性があり、水管内面である水側にはスケールが付着する可能性がある。水管にススやスケールが付着すると、排ガスからの熱が水管内の缶水へ伝わりにくくなり、ボイラの効率が低下する。   The heat transfer section of the exhaust heat boiler is composed of a water tube group with a large number of heat absorbing fins, and the can water in the water tube absorbs the heat of the exhaust gas. In this case, soot may adhere to the exhaust gas side that is the outer surface of the water pipe, and scale may adhere to the water side that is the inner surface of the water pipe. If soot or scale adheres to the water pipe, it becomes difficult for heat from the exhaust gas to be transferred to the can water in the water pipe, and the efficiency of the boiler is reduced.

ススやスケールの付着によってボイラによる熱吸収量が低下した場合、排ガスの伝熱部での温度低下が少なくなるため、伝熱部を通過して排ガス出口部に達する排ガス温度は正常に熱交換が行われた場合よりも高くなる。そのため、排ガス出口部に排ガス出口温度検出装置を設けておき、排ガス出口部の温度を測定することで伝熱部にススやスケールが付着していることを検出することができる。   When the amount of heat absorbed by the boiler is reduced due to adhesion of soot and scale, the temperature drop at the heat transfer part of the exhaust gas decreases, so the exhaust gas temperature that passes through the heat transfer part and reaches the exhaust gas outlet part normally exchanges heat. Higher than if done. Therefore, an exhaust gas outlet temperature detection device is provided at the exhaust gas outlet part, and it is possible to detect that soot and scale are attached to the heat transfer part by measuring the temperature of the exhaust gas outlet part.

しかし、排ガス出口部の温度変動は、伝熱部におけるスス等の付着による熱伝達率の低下だけでなく、それ以外の要因による場合もあった。そのため、排ガス出口温度が設定値よりも高くなると、排ガス出口温度高異常と判定していた場合には、伝熱部へのスス等の付着は少なく、異常が発生してもいない場合に排ガス出口温度高異常と誤判定してしまうことがあるという問題が発生する。
特開２００４−１２５２５６号公報 However, the temperature fluctuation at the exhaust gas outlet portion is not only due to a decrease in heat transfer coefficient due to adhesion of soot or the like in the heat transfer portion, but also due to other factors. Therefore, if the exhaust gas outlet temperature is higher than the set value, if it is determined that the exhaust gas outlet temperature is abnormally high, there is little adhesion of soot or the like to the heat transfer section, and if there is no abnormality, the exhaust gas outlet There arises a problem that it may be erroneously determined that the temperature is abnormal.
JP 2004-125256 A

本発明が解決しようとする課題は、排ガス入口部と排ガス出口部を結ぶバイパス通路を設けて、排ガスが伝熱部をバイパスすることができるようにしている排熱ボイラにおいて、伝熱部におけるスス付着などの異常を正しく検出できるようにすることにある。   The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a bypass passage that connects the exhaust gas inlet and the exhaust gas outlet, so that the exhaust gas can bypass the heat transfer unit. It is to be able to correctly detect abnormalities such as adhesion.

請求項１に記載の発明は、発熱源から送られてきた高温の排ガスを排熱ボイラの内部へ導入する排ガス入口部、導入した排ガスから熱の回収を行う伝熱部、伝熱部を通過した排ガスを煙突へ向けて排出する排ガス出口部を持った排熱ボイラであって、排ガス入口部と排ガス出口部を結ぶバイパス通路を設け、排ガスダンパによって排ガスの送り先を伝熱部側とバイパス通路側とで変更するようにしている排熱ボイラにおいて、排ガス出口部に排ガス出口温度検出装置を設けておき、伝熱部へ排ガスを供給している状態であって、排ガス出口温度検出装置にて測定している排ガス出口温度が低下傾向を示しておらず、かつ排ガス出口温度が設定値Ｘを超えていた場合に排ガス出口温度高異常と判定することを特徴とする。   According to the first aspect of the present invention, an exhaust gas inlet part that introduces high-temperature exhaust gas sent from a heat source into an exhaust heat boiler, a heat transfer part that recovers heat from the introduced exhaust gas, and a heat transfer part pass through The exhaust heat boiler has an exhaust gas outlet that discharges exhausted exhaust gas toward the chimney, and is provided with a bypass passage that connects the exhaust gas inlet and the exhaust gas outlet. In the exhaust heat boiler that is to be changed on the side, an exhaust gas outlet temperature detection device is provided at the exhaust gas outlet portion, and the exhaust gas is supplied to the heat transfer portion. When the measured exhaust gas outlet temperature does not show a decreasing tendency and the exhaust gas outlet temperature exceeds the set value X, it is determined that the exhaust gas outlet temperature is abnormally high.

請求項２に記載の発明は、発熱源から送られてきた高温の排ガスを排熱ボイラの内部へ導入する排ガス入口部、導入した排ガスから熱の回収を行う伝熱部、伝熱部を通過した排ガスを煙突へ向けて排出する排ガス出口部を持った排熱ボイラであって、排ガス入口部と排ガス出口部を結ぶバイパス通路を設け、排ガスダンパによって排ガスの送り先を伝熱部側とバイパス通路側とで変更するようにしている排熱ボイラにおいて、排ガス出口部に排ガス出口温度検出装置を設けておき、排ガス出口温度高判断開始用として排ガス出口温度の測定値を、排ガスダンパによってバイパス通路への排ガス流入を停止した時から設定時間ｔが経過するごとに検出し、測定値が前回の測定値以上となれば、その測定値から排ガス出口温度高異常の判定を開始し、排ガス出口温度が設定値Ｘを超えていた場合に排ガス出口温度高異常と判定することを特徴とする。   The invention according to claim 2 is an exhaust gas inlet portion for introducing high-temperature exhaust gas sent from a heat source into the exhaust heat boiler, a heat transfer portion for recovering heat from the introduced exhaust gas, and passing through the heat transfer portion. The exhaust heat boiler has an exhaust gas outlet that discharges exhausted exhaust gas toward the chimney, and is provided with a bypass passage that connects the exhaust gas inlet and the exhaust gas outlet. In the exhaust heat boiler that is to be changed on the exhaust side, an exhaust gas outlet temperature detection device is provided at the exhaust gas outlet, and the measured value of the exhaust gas outlet temperature is used to start the exhaust gas outlet temperature high judgment, and the exhaust gas damper is used to Is detected every time the set time t elapses after the exhaust gas inflow is stopped, and if the measured value exceeds the previous measured value, the judgment of the exhaust gas outlet temperature high abnormality is started from that measured value , And judging the exhaust gas outlet temperature and high abnormal if the exhaust gas outlet temperature exceeds the set value X.

本発明を実施することで、排ガス出口温度高異常の誤検知を抑制することができ、ススやスケール付着によって伝熱部での熱吸収量が低下したということを正確に検出することができるようになる。   By carrying out the present invention, it is possible to suppress erroneous detection of the exhaust gas outlet temperature high abnormality, so that it is possible to accurately detect that the heat absorption amount in the heat transfer section has decreased due to soot and scale adhesion. become.

本発明の一実施例を図面を用いて説明する。図１と図２は、本発明を実施する排熱ボイラのフロー図であり、図１は排ガスを排熱ボイラの伝熱部へ送っている場合のフロー、図２は排ガスをバイパス通路へ送っている場合のフローを示している。また、図３は排ガス出口温度の変化と異常判定の状況を説明する説明図である。   An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are flow charts of an exhaust heat boiler that implements the present invention. FIG. 1 is a flow when exhaust gas is sent to the heat transfer section of the exhaust heat boiler, and FIG. 2 is sent exhaust gas to the bypass passage. The flow is shown. FIG. 3 is an explanatory view for explaining the change in the exhaust gas outlet temperature and the situation of abnormality determination.

排熱ボイラ１はエンジンやタービンなどの発熱源２と排ガス通路３によって接続しており、発熱源２で発生した排ガスの熱で蒸気を発生するものである。排熱ボイラ１には、排ガス入口部９、伝熱部７、排ガス出口部１０を設けておく。排ガス入口部９は、排ガス通路３を通して送られてきた排ガスを伝熱部７へ供給するものであり、排ガス通路３と接続している。伝熱部７には表面に多数の熱吸収用フィンを付けている水管群を設けており、排ガスが伝熱部７を通過する際に排ガスの熱が水管へ移動し、水管内の缶水を加熱する仕組みとしている。伝熱部７を通過した排ガスは、排ガス出口部１０から煙突１２へ送り、煙突１２から外気へと排出するようにしており、途中にサイレンサ１１を設置しておくことで外気へ放出される騒音を低減する。   The exhaust heat boiler 1 is connected to a heat source 2 such as an engine or a turbine by an exhaust gas passage 3, and generates steam by the heat of the exhaust gas generated by the heat source 2. The exhaust heat boiler 1 is provided with an exhaust gas inlet 9, a heat transfer unit 7, and an exhaust gas outlet 10. The exhaust gas inlet portion 9 supplies the exhaust gas sent through the exhaust gas passage 3 to the heat transfer portion 7 and is connected to the exhaust gas passage 3. The heat transfer section 7 is provided with a group of water pipes having a number of heat absorption fins on the surface. When the exhaust gas passes through the heat transfer section 7, the heat of the exhaust gas moves to the water pipe, and the can water in the water pipe It has a mechanism to heat. The exhaust gas that has passed through the heat transfer section 7 is sent from the exhaust gas outlet section 10 to the chimney 12 and discharged from the chimney 12 to the outside air, and the noise released to the outside air by installing the silencer 11 in the middle. Reduce.

排ガス入口部９と排ガス出口部１０の間には、排ガスを伝熱部７へ送らずに排ガス入口部９から排ガス出口部１０へ直接送るバイパス通路４を設ける。排ガス入口部９のバイパス通路４と分岐点には、排ガスの流路を伝熱部７側とバイパス通路４側とで切り換える排ガスダンパ６を設けておく。排ガスダンパ６は羽根によって一方の流路をふさぐものであり、排ガスダンパ６でバイパス通路４側を閉じた場合、排ガスは伝熱部７へ流れ、排ガスダンパ６で伝熱部７側を閉じた場合は、排ガスはバイパス通路４へと流れる。   Between the exhaust gas inlet portion 9 and the exhaust gas outlet portion 10, a bypass passage 4 that directly sends the exhaust gas to the exhaust gas outlet portion 10 from the exhaust gas inlet portion 9 without being sent to the heat transfer portion 7 is provided. An exhaust gas damper 6 for switching the exhaust gas flow path between the heat transfer section 7 side and the bypass passage 4 side is provided at the bypass passage 4 and the branch point of the exhaust gas inlet portion 9. The exhaust gas damper 6 closes one flow path with blades, and when the bypass passage 4 side is closed by the exhaust gas damper 6, the exhaust gas flows to the heat transfer unit 7, and the heat transfer unit 7 side is closed by the exhaust gas damper 6. In this case, the exhaust gas flows to the bypass passage 4.

排ガスダンパ６の制御は、排熱ボイラの運転を制御する制御装置８によって行っており、排熱ボイラ１で発生する蒸気の圧力に基づいて排ガスダンパ６の位置を制御する。制御装置８は、排熱ボイラ１での加熱によって発生する蒸気の圧力値が上限値よりも高くなると、伝熱部７への排ガス供給を停止して、発熱源２からの排ガスはそのまま煙突１２より排出する。逆に、加熱停止によって蒸気の圧力値が下限値よりも低くなると、伝熱部７への排ガス供給を開始し、伝熱部７では排ガスによる加熱によって蒸気の発生を行う。排ガスダンパ６の羽根部分の作動は、排ガスを伝熱部７へ送る場合にはボイラ側リミット１３を検知するまで作動して停止し、排ガスをバイパス通路４へ送る場合にはバイパス側リミット１４を検知するまで作動して停止する。   The exhaust gas damper 6 is controlled by a control device 8 that controls the operation of the exhaust heat boiler, and the position of the exhaust gas damper 6 is controlled based on the pressure of the steam generated in the exhaust heat boiler 1. When the pressure value of the steam generated by the heating in the exhaust heat boiler 1 becomes higher than the upper limit value, the control device 8 stops supplying the exhaust gas to the heat transfer section 7 and the exhaust gas from the heat source 2 remains as it is in the chimney 12. More discharge. Conversely, when the pressure value of the steam becomes lower than the lower limit value due to the heating stop, the exhaust gas supply to the heat transfer unit 7 is started, and the heat transfer unit 7 generates steam by heating with the exhaust gas. The operation of the blade portion of the exhaust gas damper 6 is stopped until the boiler side limit 13 is detected when the exhaust gas is sent to the heat transfer section 7, and the bypass side limit 14 is set when the exhaust gas is sent to the bypass passage 4. Operates and stops until detected.

伝熱部７では、水管外面の排ガス側にはススが付着することがあり、水管内面の水側にはスケールが付着することがある。ススやスケールは排ガスと缶水間の伝熱を阻害するため、水管にスス等が付着しているとボイラの効率は低下する。そのため、制御装置８では、排ガス出口部１０に設けた排ガス出口温度検出装置５にて測定する排ガス出口温度に基づき、排熱ボイラの異常を検出することも行う。伝熱部７にススなどが付着した場合、排ガスが伝熱部７を通過する際に排ガスから水管内の缶水へ移動する熱量が少なくなり、伝熱部７を通過した後の排ガス出口部１０部分での排ガス温度は正常時よりも高くなる。そのため、排ガス出口温度検出装置５で測定している排ガス出口部１０の温度が、あらかじめ定めておいた設定値Ｘ（Ｘ℃）よりも高い場合には、排ガス出口温度高異常として異常の報知を行う。   In the heat transfer section 7, soot may adhere to the exhaust gas side of the outer surface of the water tube, and scale may adhere to the water side of the inner surface of the water tube. Since soot and scale impede heat transfer between the exhaust gas and the can water, the efficiency of the boiler decreases if soot or the like adheres to the water pipe. Therefore, the control device 8 also detects an abnormality of the exhaust heat boiler based on the exhaust gas outlet temperature measured by the exhaust gas outlet temperature detection device 5 provided in the exhaust gas outlet portion 10. When soot or the like adheres to the heat transfer section 7, the amount of heat transferred from the exhaust gas to the can water in the water pipe when the exhaust gas passes through the heat transfer section 7 decreases, and the exhaust gas outlet section after passing through the heat transfer section 7 The exhaust gas temperature at 10 parts is higher than normal. Therefore, when the temperature of the exhaust gas outlet portion 10 measured by the exhaust gas outlet temperature detection device 5 is higher than a predetermined set value X (X ° C.), an abnormality is reported as an abnormal exhaust gas outlet temperature high. Do.

排ガス出口温度検出装置５の測定値による排ガス出口温度高異常の判定は、排ガスダンパ６がボイラ側リミット１３を検知している状態であって、排ガス出口温度検出装置５にて測定している測定値が前回測定値以上となった以降に行う。排ガス出口温度検出装置５による温度の測定は、ボイラ側リミットを検知した時、つまり排ガスは伝熱部７へ供給するようにした時から設定時間ｔ（ｔ秒）ごとに検出しておき、検出した測定値を前回の測定値と比較する。この時、測定値が前回の測定値未満であった場合は、設定時間ｔごとの温度検出を継続しておき、排ガス出口温度高異常の判定は行わない。排ガス出口温度検出装置５による測定値が前回の測定値以上となった場合は、その測定値から排ガス出口温度高異常を判定する。排ガス出口温度高異常の判定は、測定値が設定値Ｘよりも高いか否かを判定し、設定値Ｘよりも高ければ排ガス出口温度高異常と判定する。   The determination of the abnormality in the exhaust gas outlet temperature high by the measured value of the exhaust gas outlet temperature detection device 5 is a state in which the exhaust gas damper 6 is detecting the boiler side limit 13 and is measured by the exhaust gas outlet temperature detection device 5. Performed after the value has reached or exceeded the previous measured value. The temperature measurement by the exhaust gas outlet temperature detection device 5 is detected and detected every set time t (t seconds) from when the boiler side limit is detected, that is, when the exhaust gas is supplied to the heat transfer section 7. Compare the measured value with the previous measured value. At this time, if the measured value is less than the previous measured value, the temperature detection is continued every set time t, and the exhaust gas outlet temperature high abnormality is not determined. When the measured value by the exhaust gas outlet temperature detection device 5 is equal to or higher than the previous measured value, the exhaust gas outlet temperature high abnormality is determined from the measured value. The determination of the exhaust gas outlet temperature high abnormality is made by determining whether or not the measured value is higher than the set value X. If the measured value is higher than the set value X, the exhaust gas outlet temperature high abnormality is determined.

図３は排ガス出口温度の変化と異常の判定状況の例を記載したものである。図３の場合、当初は排ガスをバイパス通路へ送っており、途中で伝熱部へ切り換えている。排ガスの送り先をバイパス通路としている場合、バイパス通路４を通過した排ガスは、大部分がバイパス通路４からサイレンサ１１を通して煙突１２へ向かうが、一部の排ガスは排ガス出口部内を伝熱部７方向へ逆流する。バイパス通路４を通過した排ガスは、高温のまま排ガス出口部１０に達しているため、排ガス出口温度検出装置５をバイパス通路４の接続部より伝熱部７側に配置していても、排ガス出口温度検出装置５ではバイパス通路４を通過した高温排ガスの温度を測定することになるため、測定値は高くなる。この場合、排ガス出口温度検出装置５の測定値が上昇するのは、伝熱部７のスス付着とは関係ないものであるため、排ガス出口温度が設定値Ｘよりも高くなっていても異常ではない。そのため、この間は異常の判定を行わないようにする。   FIG. 3 shows an example of a change in exhaust gas outlet temperature and an abnormality determination situation. In the case of FIG. 3, the exhaust gas is initially sent to the bypass passage, and is switched to the heat transfer section on the way. When the exhaust gas destination is the bypass passage, most of the exhaust gas that has passed through the bypass passage 4 goes from the bypass passage 4 to the chimney 12 through the silencer 11, but some of the exhaust gas passes through the exhaust gas outlet portion toward the heat transfer portion 7. Backflow. Since the exhaust gas that has passed through the bypass passage 4 reaches the exhaust gas outlet portion 10 at a high temperature, even if the exhaust gas outlet temperature detection device 5 is disposed closer to the heat transfer section 7 than the connection portion of the bypass passage 4, the exhaust gas outlet Since the temperature detection device 5 measures the temperature of the high-temperature exhaust gas that has passed through the bypass passage 4, the measured value becomes high. In this case, since the measured value of the exhaust gas outlet temperature detection device 5 is not related to the soot adhesion of the heat transfer section 7, even if the exhaust gas outlet temperature is higher than the set value X, it is not abnormal. Absent. Therefore, during this time, the abnormality is not determined.

その後、点Ａにおいて排ガスの送り先をバイパス通路の側から伝熱部の側へ変更している。制御装置８では、ボイラ側リミットを検知した点Ａから設定時間ｔであるｔ秒が経過するごとに、排ガス出口温度検出装置５によって排ガス出口部の温度を検出する。ｔ秒ごとに検出する測定値は、排ガス出口温度高判断開始用であり、検出した測定値は、前回の測定値と比較することで排ガス出口温度高異常の判定の開始するか否かを決定する。測定値はボイラ側リミットを検知した以降の値であり、点Ａの場合は比較する対象となる前回の測定値が存在しないため、検出して記録しておくのみする。点Ａからｔ秒後である点Ｂとなると、排ガス出口温度検出装置によって再び排ガス出口温度高判断開始用の温度測定を行い、点Ｂの時点における測定値と前回の測定値である点Ａの時点における測定値を比較する。ここでは、点Ｂの測定値は点Ａの測定値よりも低い値となっている。排ガス出口温度高異常の判定開始は、測定値が前回の測定値以上となった以降であるため、排ガス出口温度高異常の判定はまだ開始しない。   Thereafter, at point A, the exhaust gas destination is changed from the bypass passage side to the heat transfer section side. In the control device 8, the exhaust gas outlet temperature detection device 5 detects the temperature of the exhaust gas outlet portion every t seconds that are the set time t from the point A where the boiler side limit is detected. The measurement value detected every t seconds is for starting the exhaust gas outlet temperature high judgment, and the detected measurement value is compared with the previous measurement value to determine whether or not the judgment of the exhaust gas outlet temperature high abnormality is started. To do. The measured value is a value after the boiler-side limit is detected, and in the case of point A, since there is no previous measured value to be compared, it is only detected and recorded. At point B, which is t seconds after point A, the exhaust gas outlet temperature detector again measures the temperature for starting the exhaust gas outlet temperature high judgment, and the measured value at point B and the previous measured value at point A are Compare the measurements at the time points. Here, the measured value at point B is lower than the measured value at point A. Since the judgment start of the exhaust gas outlet temperature high abnormality is after the measurement value becomes equal to or higher than the previous measurement value, the judgment of the exhaust gas outlet temperature high abnormality has not yet started.

さらに点Ｂからｔ秒後である点Ｃとなると、同様に点Ｃの測定値と前回の測定値に当たる点Ｂの測定値を比較する。この場合も点Ｃの測定値は点Ｂの測定値よりも低い値であるため、異常の判定は開始していない。同様に点Ｄにおいても、点Ｄでの測定値が前回の測定値より低下しているため、異常の判定は行わない。   When the point C is t seconds after the point B, the measured value at the point C is compared with the measured value at the point B corresponding to the previous measured value. Also in this case, since the measured value at the point C is lower than the measured value at the point B, abnormality determination has not started. Similarly, at point D, since the measurement value at point D is lower than the previous measurement value, no abnormality is determined.

しかし、点Ｅにおける測定値の場合、前回の測定値に当たる点Ｄの測定値と比較すると、点Ｅの測定値の方が高くなっている。測定値が前回の測定値以上となれば、排ガス出口温度高異常の判定を開始するため、点Ｅにおける測定値を設定値Ｘと比較して排ガス出口温度高異常の判定を行う。このとき、点Ｅの測定値は排ガス出口温度高異常を判定するための値である設定値Ｘより低いため、排ガス出口温度高異常は発生していないと判定する。   However, in the case of the measured value at the point E, the measured value at the point E is higher than the measured value at the point D corresponding to the previous measured value. If the measured value is equal to or higher than the previous measured value, the determination of the exhaust gas outlet temperature high abnormality is started, so the measured value at point E is compared with the set value X to determine the exhaust gas outlet temperature high abnormality. At this time, since the measured value of the point E is lower than the set value X that is a value for determining the exhaust gas outlet temperature high abnormality, it is determined that the exhaust gas outlet temperature high abnormality has not occurred.

点Ｅで排ガス出口温度高異常の判定を開始した以降は、排ガス出口温度検出装置５による測定値と設定値Ｘとの比較を随時行う。排ガス出口温度検出装置５での測定値は、点Ｆにおいて設定値Ｘに達しており、制御装置８では測定値が設定値Ｘに達した点Ｆより排ガス出口温度高異常の発生を報知する。排ガス出口温度高異常は、排熱ボイラ１の運転を直ちに停止しなければならない重大な異常ではないため、排熱ボイラ１の運転は継続しておくが、近い内に伝熱部７を洗浄するなどの対処が必要であるため、排ガス出口温度高異常の報知を確認した担当者は対処の手配を行う。   After the determination of the exhaust gas outlet temperature high abnormality is started at the point E, the measured value by the exhaust gas outlet temperature detection device 5 is compared with the set value X as needed. The measured value at the exhaust gas outlet temperature detection device 5 has reached the set value X at the point F, and the control device 8 reports the occurrence of an abnormal exhaust gas outlet temperature from the point F at which the measured value has reached the set value X. Since the exhaust gas outlet temperature high abnormality is not a serious abnormality that requires the operation of the exhaust heat boiler 1 to be stopped immediately, the operation of the exhaust heat boiler 1 is continued, but the heat transfer section 7 is cleaned in the near future. Therefore, the person in charge who has confirmed the notification of the exhaust gas outlet temperature high abnormality arranges the countermeasure.

排ガス出口温度高異常の判定を、排ガス出口部１０における温度の測定値が前回の測定値以上になった以降に行うのは、バイパス通路４から排ガス出口部１０内に入った排ガスが影響し、異常の誤検知を行うことを防止するためである。図３の点Ａで、排ガスダンパ６をボイラ側リミット１３まで移動し、排ガスは伝熱部７へ送るようにしても、点Ａの以前はバイパス通路４から高温の排ガスが排ガス出口部１０内へ流入していたため、排ガス出口部１０内の温度は高くなっている。点Ａ以降は伝熱部７を通った排ガスが排ガス出口部１０内に入るが、排ガス出口部１０ではバイパス通路４を通ってきた排ガスの影響が残っており、すぐには伝熱部７を通過した排ガスの温度のみを検出することはできない。伝熱部７を通過させた排ガスは、バイパス通路４を通過させた排ガスよりも低温であるため、バイパス通路４での排ガス流通を停止し、排ガスは伝熱部へ送るようにすると、排ガス出口部１０内での温度は低下していく。排ガス出口部１０内が伝熱部７を通過した排ガスに置き換わるまでは、排ガス出口部１０内の温度が低下し続ける。バイパス通路４を通過した排ガスの熱が残っている状態の場合には、伝熱部７での熱回収が正常に行われていても排ガス出口温度検出装置５で検出する温度は高くなり、この間は排ガス出口温度が高くても異常ではないため、排ガス出口温度高異常の判定は行わない。   The determination of the exhaust gas outlet temperature high abnormality is performed after the measured value of the temperature at the exhaust gas outlet portion 10 is equal to or higher than the previous measured value, because the exhaust gas entering the exhaust gas outlet portion 10 from the bypass passage 4 has an effect. This is to prevent erroneous detection of abnormality. Even if the exhaust gas damper 6 is moved to the boiler-side limit 13 at the point A in FIG. 3 and the exhaust gas is sent to the heat transfer unit 7, the hot exhaust gas from the bypass passage 4 is in the exhaust gas outlet unit 10 before the point A. Therefore, the temperature in the exhaust gas outlet 10 is high. After point A, the exhaust gas that has passed through the heat transfer section 7 enters the exhaust gas outlet section 10, but the exhaust gas outlet section 10 still has the effect of the exhaust gas that has passed through the bypass passage 4. It is not possible to detect only the temperature of the exhaust gas that has passed. Since the exhaust gas that has passed through the heat transfer section 7 is at a lower temperature than the exhaust gas that has passed through the bypass passage 4, if the exhaust gas circulation in the bypass passage 4 is stopped and the exhaust gas is sent to the heat transfer section, the exhaust gas outlet The temperature in the part 10 decreases. Until the inside of the exhaust gas outlet part 10 is replaced with the exhaust gas that has passed through the heat transfer part 7, the temperature in the exhaust gas outlet part 10 continues to decrease. In the state where the heat of the exhaust gas that has passed through the bypass passage 4 remains, the temperature detected by the exhaust gas outlet temperature detection device 5 becomes high even during heat recovery in the heat transfer section 7 normally. Since the exhaust gas outlet temperature is not abnormal even if the exhaust gas outlet temperature is high, it is not determined whether the exhaust gas outlet temperature is abnormal.

その後、バイパス通路４を通過した排ガスによる影響がなくなると、排ガス出口温度検出装置５で測定する温度に影響を与えるのは伝熱部７を通過した排ガスの熱のみとなるため、排ガス出口温度検出装置５の測定値は低下しなくなる。排ガス出口温度検出装置５で測定した温度の値が、前回の測定値と同じ又は前回の測定値より高くなった場合、排ガス出口部１０内ではバイパス通路４を通過した排ガスによる影響はなくなったと判断することができる。排ガス出口温度高異常の判定は、バイパス通路４を通過した排ガスによる影響がなくなったことを確認できたときから開始し、それ以降に排ガス出口温度検出装置５の測定値と設定値Ｘを比較する排ガス出口温度高異常を判定することで、排ガス出口温度高異常を正しく判定することができる。   After that, when the influence of the exhaust gas that has passed through the bypass passage 4 disappears, only the heat of the exhaust gas that has passed through the heat transfer section 7 affects the temperature measured by the exhaust gas outlet temperature detection device 5. The measured value of the device 5 does not decrease. When the value of the temperature measured by the exhaust gas outlet temperature detection device 5 is the same as the previous measurement value or higher than the previous measurement value, it is determined that the influence of the exhaust gas that has passed through the bypass passage 4 has disappeared in the exhaust gas outlet portion 10. can do. The determination of the exhaust gas outlet temperature high abnormality is started when it is confirmed that the influence of the exhaust gas passing through the bypass passage 4 has been eliminated, and thereafter, the measured value of the exhaust gas outlet temperature detection device 5 is compared with the set value X. By determining the exhaust gas outlet temperature high abnormality, the exhaust gas outlet temperature high abnormality can be correctly determined.

排ガスを排熱ボイラの伝熱部へ送っている場合のフロー図Flow chart when exhaust gas is sent to the heat transfer section of the exhaust heat boiler 排ガスをバイパス通路へ送っている場合のフロー図Flow diagram when exhaust gas is sent to the bypass passage 排ガス出口温度の変化と異常判定の状況を説明する説明図Explanatory drawing explaining the situation of exhaust gas outlet temperature change and abnormality determination

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 排熱ボイラ
２ 発熱源
３ 排ガス通路
４ バイパス通路
５ 排ガス出口温度検出装置
６ 排ガスダンパ
７ 伝熱部
８ 制御装置
９ 排ガス入口部
１０ 排ガス出口部
１１ サイレンサ
１２ 煙突
１３ ボイラ側リミット
１４ バイパス側リミット 1 Waste heat boiler
2 Heat source
3 Exhaust gas passage
4 Bypass passage
5 Exhaust gas outlet temperature detector
6 Exhaust gas damper
7 Heat transfer section
8 Control device 9 Exhaust gas inlet 10 Exhaust gas outlet 11 Silencer 12 Chimney 13 Boiler side limit 14 Bypass side limit

Claims (2)

発熱源から送られてきた高温の排ガスを排熱ボイラの内部へ導入する排ガス入口部、導入した排ガスから熱の回収を行う伝熱部、伝熱部を通過した排ガスを煙突へ向けて排出する排ガス出口部を持った排熱ボイラであって、排ガス入口部と排ガス出口部を結ぶバイパス通路を設け、排ガスダンパによって排ガスの送り先を伝熱部側とバイパス通路側とで変更するようにしている排熱ボイラにおいて、排ガス出口部に排ガス出口温度検出装置を設けておき、伝熱部へ排ガスを供給している状態であって、排ガス出口温度検出装置にて測定している排ガス出口温度が低下傾向を示しておらず、かつ排ガス出口温度が設定値Ｘを超えていた場合に排ガス出口温度高異常と判定することを特徴とする排ガス出口温度高異常を検出する排熱ボイラ。   Exhaust gas inlet part that introduces high-temperature exhaust gas sent from the heat source into the exhaust heat boiler, heat transfer part that recovers heat from the introduced exhaust gas, exhaust gas that has passed through the heat transfer part is discharged toward the chimney An exhaust heat boiler having an exhaust gas outlet portion, which is provided with a bypass passage connecting the exhaust gas inlet portion and the exhaust gas outlet portion, and the exhaust gas damper changes the destination of the exhaust gas between the heat transfer portion side and the bypass passage side. In the exhaust heat boiler, the exhaust gas outlet temperature detection device is provided at the exhaust gas outlet portion, and the exhaust gas outlet temperature measured by the exhaust gas outlet temperature detection device is lowered while the exhaust gas is supplied to the heat transfer portion. An exhaust heat boiler for detecting an exhaust gas outlet temperature high abnormality, wherein the exhaust gas outlet temperature high abnormality is determined when the exhaust gas outlet temperature does not show a tendency and the exhaust gas outlet temperature exceeds a set value X. 発熱源から送られてきた高温の排ガスを排熱ボイラの内部へ導入する排ガス入口部、導入した排ガスから熱の回収を行う伝熱部、伝熱部を通過した排ガスを煙突へ向けて排出する排ガス出口部を持った排熱ボイラであって、排ガス入口部と排ガス出口部を結ぶバイパス通路を設け、排ガスダンパによって排ガスの送り先を伝熱部側とバイパス通路側とで変更するようにしている排熱ボイラにおいて、排ガス出口部に排ガス出口温度検出装置を設けておき、排ガス出口温度高判断開始用として排ガス出口温度の測定値を、排ガスダンパによってバイパス通路への排ガス流入を停止した時から設定時間ｔが経過するごとに検出し、測定値が前回の測定値以上となれば、その測定値から排ガス出口温度高異常の判定を開始し、排ガス出口温度が設定値Ｘを超えていた場合に排ガス出口温度高異常と判定することを特徴とする排ガス出口温度高異常を検出する排熱ボイラ。   Exhaust gas inlet part that introduces high-temperature exhaust gas sent from the heat source into the exhaust heat boiler, heat transfer part that recovers heat from the introduced exhaust gas, exhaust gas that has passed through the heat transfer part is discharged toward the chimney An exhaust heat boiler having an exhaust gas outlet portion, which is provided with a bypass passage connecting the exhaust gas inlet portion and the exhaust gas outlet portion, and the exhaust gas damper changes the destination of the exhaust gas between the heat transfer portion side and the bypass passage side. In the exhaust heat boiler, an exhaust gas outlet temperature detection device is provided at the exhaust gas outlet, and the measured value of the exhaust gas outlet temperature is set for starting the exhaust gas outlet temperature high judgment when the exhaust gas damper stops the inflow of exhaust gas to the bypass passage Detected whenever time t elapses, and if the measured value is equal to or greater than the previous measured value, the judgment of the exhaust gas outlet temperature high abnormality is started from the measured value, and the exhaust gas outlet temperature is set Waste heat boiler for detecting the exhaust gas outlet temperature and high anomaly and determines that the exhaust gas outlet temperature and high abnormal if it is exceeded X.
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WO2021045002A1 (en) * 2019-09-03 2021-03-11 株式会社Ihi Malfunction detecting device and display device
JP7453405B2 (en) 2020-03-10 2024-03-19 アルファ－ラヴァル・コーポレート・アーベー Boilers and how to operate them

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JPH1144407A (en) * 1997-07-25 1999-02-16 Ebara Boiler Kk Method for deciding deposit of boiler
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JP2015203538A (en) * 2014-04-15 2015-11-16 株式会社サムソン Waste heat recovery boiler
JP2015212584A (en) * 2014-05-01 2015-11-26 株式会社サムソン Exhaust heat recovery boiler
JP2017062071A (en) * 2015-09-24 2017-03-30 株式会社サムソン Boiler performing detection of scale adhesion
WO2021045002A1 (en) * 2019-09-03 2021-03-11 株式会社Ihi Malfunction detecting device and display device
JPWO2021045002A1 (en) * 2019-09-03 2021-03-11
TWI784308B (en) * 2019-09-03 2022-11-21 日商Ｉｈｉ股份有限公司 Abnormality detecting device and display device
JP7188605B2 (en) 2019-09-03 2022-12-13 株式会社Ihi Abnormality detection device and display device
JP7453405B2 (en) 2020-03-10 2024-03-19 アルファ－ラヴァル・コーポレート・アーベー Boilers and how to operate them

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