JP2006110535A - Method and apparatus for producing water or water solution having surface activity using porous glass - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and an apparatus inexpensively, capable of simply and certainly reducing a particle size of water molecule clusters and producing hydroxyions simultaneously, which are minus ions possessing a surface active function. <P>SOLUTION: Water is reformed by reducing its particle size and making the water rich in the hydroxyions by making the water permeate continuous micropores of a three-dimensional network structure of porous glass molded in an arbitrary shape. Shirasu (pumicious sand) porous glass (SPG), which is most suitable for this invention, has a number of micropores passing through a film, and excellent in the uniformity of the micropores having high porosity. The molded form of the SPG is not limited to but can be discs, columns, or hollow strings of SPG bundled to form a filter. It is also possible to reform the water electrically by making the water permeate through the filter having a plus electrode and a minus electrode, respectively, on either side of the surface of the SPG which is electroplated to carry current. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention provides a porous glass membrane capable of reducing the cluster of water or an aqueous solution of vinegar or the like (hereinafter simply referred to as water) and generating water rich in hydroxyl ions having a surface activating action as negative ions. The present invention relates to a method for reforming water and an apparatus therefor.

  More than 65% of human bodies, including humans, are composed of water. To date we have believed that natural water is harmless. However, in the modern society, various environmental pollutions have progressed in the natural world, and in the future, it is time to choose safe water and water that is good for health.

Water has a structure in which dozens of H ₂ O molecules are gathered like a bunch of grapes and exists as an aggregate (cluster) of molecules, but the size of this cluster varies. And it is said that the smaller the cluster water, the higher the permeability, and it penetrates to every corner of living cells, carries nutrients, efficiently transports waste products, and activates individual cells.

There have been many reports on the effects of water rich in hydroxyl ions, which are negative ions, and water with small clusters. FIG. 9 shows a structural diagram of hydroxyl ion [(OH ⁻ ) _m (H ₂ O) _n ], which is said to have a surface activation action in water. This is because the hydroxyl ion has hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts as well as those that have hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups in one molecule, such as surfactants, and this emulsifies water and oil. Is to cause.

As a method of generating water rich in hydroxyl ions with surface activation, electrolysis as well as water clusters are reduced, or ore such as tourmaline called tourmaline is introduced into water. Then, water molecules H ₂ O is decomposed into H ⁺ and OH ⁻ as in a method by natural electrolysis, etc., and H ⁺ is released as H ₂ hydrogen gas, but OH ⁻ is not decomposed in water. Most of the methods generate hydroxyl ions having a surface activation action on the principle that they are bonded (hydrated) with ₂ O to become hydroxyl ions OH ⁻ (H ₂ O).

In general, H ⁺ does not exist as a single hydrogen ion, but exists as hydronium ion [H ⁺ (H ₂ O)] in an aqueous solution by hydration with H ₂ O in water. Here, for example, oxonium salt ^[H3O] + ^{[C1O4] -} but as contained in a ^{[H3O] +} that have a clear composition that is referred to as oxonium ions, as in the aqueous solution with respect thereto When the degree of hydration is not clear, it is called hydronium ion. Thus, H ⁺ and OH ⁻ have a degree of hydration with H ₂ O, and the above-mentioned OH ⁻ (H ₂ O) and H ⁺ (H ₂ O) in water are [(OH ⁻ ). _m (H ₂ O) _n ] and [(H ⁺ ) _m (H ₂ O) _n ]. That is, it is considered that hydroxyl ions are also present by forming a cluster of water molecules (H ₂ O) _n . Conventionally, as a method for producing water having hydroxyl ions for surface activation, for example, as described in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, most of the methods use tourmaline or other tourmaline. Patent Document 1 discloses that an ion exchange resin tank and a tourmaline tank are connected to cause water to flow, thereby generating washing water having hydroxyl ions having a surface activation action. Patent Document 2 describes that water that has been brought into contact with tourmaline to generate hydroxyl ions is discharged into the atmosphere as negative ions by a blower.

JP-A-7-096283 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-1778938

  Thus, in the method of generating hydroxyl ions having a surface activation action using tourmaline or other tourmaline, the surface area occupied by tourmaline is important because it is generated by contact with water. Similarly, there are some which use activated carbon or ceramic sintered body, store a large number of these solid bodies during the circulation of water, and try to reduce the cluster by immersing or contacting with water (for example, patent document) 3 and Patent Document 4).

JP-A-6-320175 JP-A-8-252574

  However, as described above, water is brought into contact with a solid body such as activated carbon or a ceramic sintered body by contacting with a solid body such as tourmaline while passing through an ion exchange resin tank and a tourmaline tank. In the method of reducing the size of water molecule clusters, voids of various sizes are inevitably generated between adjacent solid bodies in the container containing the solid bodies. Is considered insufficient. The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems. By forcibly allowing water to permeate through a shirasu porous glass film having a uniform pore diameter, the negative ion has a surface activation effect easily and reliably. It is to provide a method capable of simultaneously reducing the size of a water molecule cluster while producing the hydroxyl ions, and an apparatus thereof at low cost.

  For this reason, in the present invention, water is permeated through three-dimensional network-like continuous pores of porous glass molded into an arbitrary shape, so that water rich in hydroxyl ions can be generated, and water molecules The first feature is to reduce the cluster and reform the water. Shirasu porous glass (hereinafter referred to as SPG) most suitable for the present invention is a known porous glass having a large number of pores penetrating the membrane and excellent in the uniformity of pores having high porosity. is there. The shape of the SPG is not particularly limited, but it can be formed into a shape according to the purpose of use, such as a filter in which flat plate, cylindrical, or hollow fiber membrane SPGs are bundled. It is also possible to electrically modify water while allowing water to permeate by attaching a positive electrode on one surface and a negative electrode on the other surface by applying an energizable plating to the surface layer of the SPG film.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to generate water having an interfacial activation effect while reducing the size of the water cluster with an inexpensive device without requiring a large-scale electrical device.

According to the present invention, the state of passing through the gap between adjacent solid bodies does not occur like a filter in which tourmaline or a tourmaline or a ceramic sintered body is laminated, and water permeation using SPG. The device is a device that can reliably transmit the uniform holes shown in FIG. SPG is a glass filter and can withstand an external pressure of about 30 Kgf / cm ^{2 when} it is tubular. Therefore, there is no problem that, when an external pressure is applied, an organic film having a non-uniform pore diameter is larger than the pore diameter and permeates while expanding the pore diameter of the organic film.

That is, SPG is an inorganic membrane with uniform pore diameters, so that when pressure is applied, water can be forced to permeate uniformly through the SPG pores. The smaller the pore diameter, the larger the SPG surface area. When the pore diameter is 10 μm, the surface area is about 0.2 m ² / g, and the pore diameter is 0.2 μm and the surface area is about 8 m ² / g.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on examples shown in the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an entire water permeation module according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing an SPG membrane, and FIG. 3 is a raw water before SPG treatment and an SPG membrane having a pore diameter of 2.7 μm. Is a graph showing a mass spectrum obtained by comparing and measuring liquid ionization mass spectrometry after three months with water permeated to water (hereinafter referred to as SPG-treated water). is there. FIG. 4 is a graph showing the water molecule cluster increase / decrease distribution of both distributions in FIG. 3, FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a sprayer equipped with an SPG film, and FIG. 6 shows another embodiment of a sprayer equipped with an SPG film. FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a water purifier equipped with an SPG membrane, FIG. 8 is a sectional view of an embodiment schematically showing the SPG membrane mounted on the water purifier, and FIG. FIG. 10 is a structural diagram of hydroxyl ions of negative ions having a surface activating action in water, FIG. 10 is a structural diagram of hydroxyl ions in water generated in the process of passing through the SPG membrane, and FIG. 11 is an illustration of SPG-treated water having a pore diameter of 0.2 μm. Photograph showing the state of emulsion emulsification on the first day (on the day) of raw water before SPG treatment, FIG. 12 is a photograph showing the state of emulsion emulsification on the fifth day of emulsion emulsification of SPG treated water having a pore size of 0.2 μm and FIG. Pore diameter 0.2μm A photograph showing the state of emulsion emulsification on the 7th day of the SPG-treated water and the raw water before SPG treatment, and FIG. 14 is a photograph showing the state of re-stirring on the 8th day of the emulsion emulsification of the SPG-treated water and raw water before the SPG treatment. FIG. 15 is a photograph showing the state of emulsion emulsification on the first day (on the day) of SPG-treated water having a pore size of 0.2 μm and other company's water, and FIG. 16 is the second day of emulsion emulsification of SPG-treated water having a pore size of 0.2 μm FIG. 17 is a photograph showing the state of emulsion emulsification on the 7th day of SPG-treated water with a pore diameter of 0.2 μm and other company water, and FIG. 18 is an emulsion emulsification 15 of SPG-treated water with a pore diameter of 0.2 μm and other company water. It is a photograph showing the state of the day.

SPG is a hydrophilic film that is very wettable with water. As shown in FIG. 10, hydroxyl groups (OH ⁻ ) are exposed on a wide SPG surface, and an electrostatic force or a hydrogen bond occurs on the SPG surface as well as hydrogen bonds between water molecules. For this reason, it can be considered. Therefore, since the pore diameter is uniform and permeates through the three-dimensional network of continuous pores, the water forming the W01 cluster in FIG. 10 reliably comes into contact with the hydroxyl group (OH ⁻ ) on the SPG surface. It is considered that the modification and fragmentation on the SPG surface are efficiently performed so as to form a hydroxyl ion structure of hydration of W11 and W21 having a small water molecule cluster through the modification process L1 indicated by the arrow.

Similarly, a pattern of forming a hydroxyl ion structure of hydration between W12 and W22 having a small water molecule cluster through the reforming process L2 is indicated. As described above, the SPG-treated water that allows SPG to permeate can easily generate abundant hydroxyl ions [(OH ⁻ ) _m (H ₂ O) _n ] having small surface-activating clusters. As a water reforming apparatus equipped with an SPG membrane, a water reforming apparatus having a structure as shown in FIG. 7 equipped with an SPG membrane sealed on one side as shown in FIG. 8 can be considered. In the apparatus shown in FIG. 7, activated carbon 14 is spread around the SPG membrane, large impurities in water are subjected to primary filtration through the activated carbon layer 15, and the raw water contaminated by passing through the SPG membrane as a secondary filter. A water reformer that can efficiently purify and generate water having an interfacial activating action while reducing the size of the water cluster can be considered.

  FIG. 1 shows a water permeation module. In this embodiment, a cylindrical SPG membrane 1 was used as the water permeable membrane. The SPG membrane 1 has a uniform pore diameter, and the pore diameter can be selected in the range of 0.05 μm to 30 μm. However, in this example, the SPG treated water is rich in hydroxyl ions having a surface activation action. In order to confirm, the durability of the emulsified state of the O / W emulsion was observed with water itself without adding a surfactant.

  In the SPG membrane emulsification, SPG-treated water having a pore size of about 0.2 μm was used as a continuous phase without adding a surfactant, and soybean oil was used as a dispersed phase to produce an O / W emulsion. Moreover, similarly as the comparison object, the raw water before the SPG treatment and the treated water (Comparative Example Water 1) generated by the same method as that described in Patent Document 1 which is said to have a surface activating effect. An O / W emulsion was produced with a commercial name mineral water (comparative example water 2; a commercial name of Nakanoshima-cho, Hita-shi, Oita Prefecture; Hita Tenryosui). The SPG membrane emulsification method is used here because ultrasonic waves are sometimes used to reduce the water cluster. In the ultrasonic emulsification method and the high-speed homogenizer emulsification method of about 24,000 rpm, This is because there is a possibility that the cluster of water itself may be subdivided, and it is considered that it is not suitable for an emulsifying power confirmation experiment with the original properties of water itself.

  SPG membrane emulsification is optimal because the emulsification can be carried out while slowly rotating the continuous phase at about 500 rpm, so that an emulsification force confirmation experiment can be conducted without changing the water cluster of the nature. Table 1 shows the results of the emulsification sustainability, and photographs showing the stable emulsion state over time are shown in FIGS. 11 to 14 and FIGS. 15 to 18. Here, it can be seen that an oil layer appears in the supernatant of those having weak surface activity. As is clear from Table 1, it can be seen that both tap water and raw water before the SPG treatment have a surface activation effect on the water after the SPG treatment. Moreover, it turns out that the persistence of the interface activation effect | action becomes long, so that the hole diameter of a SPG film | membrane becomes small. This is because the surface area of the SPG film becomes larger as the pore size used becomes smaller, so it can be expected that the reforming as water having an interfacial activating action is performed efficiently. From the graphs of FIGS. 3 and 4, compared to the cluster distribution of the water molecules before the SPG treatment, the SPG treated water is stable with the larger cluster distribution decreased and the smaller cluster distribution increased. You can see that

  In the table, “more than” in the emulsifying power comparison between the raw water, the SPG treated water having a pore size of 0.2 μm, and the treated water of the comparative example, which is said to be rich in hydroxyl ions, means that the oil separation started from this day. To do.

  FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 show an instrument that can generate negative ions having a surface activation effect as water with small clusters. The sprayer shown in FIG. 5 is of a hand spray type, and when the pump unit 11 is manually pressed, water in which a cluster rich in negative ions is reduced from the nozzle 12 through the SPG membrane 1 from the water pumping conduit 10. It is configured to be. Further, in the sprayer shown in FIG. 6, the water pressure is increased from the water pumping conduit 10 through the SPG membrane by pressing the button 13 when the pressure in the container is increased by the pump unit 11 and water is sprayed. And water rich in negative ions having a surface activation action is sprayed from the nozzle 12. Just by spraying tap water or mineral water into these sprayers, it is possible to replenish skin, plants, etc. with negative ions that have surface activation action, which is water with small clusters, at any time and anywhere as needed. it can. Table 2 shows the amount of negative ions when SPG-treated water with a pore size of 0.2 μm is put into the container of the sprayer shown in FIG. 5 and sprayed, and the raw water before SPG treatment is put into the container of the sprayer shown in FIG. Comparison of the amount of negative ions when sprayed is shown (measurement conditions: temperature 27 ° C., humidity 53%, indoor negative ion concentration −4 / cc).

  The amount of negative ions is generated only at about -100 / cc in general households and about -5000 / cc in the vicinity of waterfalls. As is apparent from Table 2, in this example, it was found that negative ions were generated in an amount significantly exceeding −10000 / cc, at which a medical effect can be expected.

  FIG. 19 shows a system capable of confirming that weak electricity is generated when water passes through the SPG film 27. The voltages generated at this time are shown in Table 3, and the graph is shown in FIG. The water pressure permeating the SPG film 27 at this time is shown in Table 4, and the graph is shown in FIG. In the figure, 24 is a water tank before passing through the SPG film 27, 31 is a water tank after passing through the SPG film 27, 32 is a pressure gauge, 25 is a circulation pump, 26 is a water flow, and 28 is a voltmeter. The voltmeter 28 includes a terminal 29 that measures the potential of water before passing through the SPG film 27 and a terminal 30 that measures the potential of water after passing through the SPG film 27.

  As shown in Table 3 and FIG. 20, the voltage between the two points before and after permeation through the SPG film 27 increases as the flow rate of water that permeates through the SPG film 27 increases or the pore diameter of the SPG film 27 decreases. I understand that In addition, it has been confirmed that the voltage between two points before and after the water passes through the SPG film 27 is stabilized at a constant value after the flow of the water passing through the SPG film 27 is stopped. This is considered that an electrostatic change occurs on the surface of the SPG film 27. It is considered that this phenomenon can be applied to electric devices such as generators, storage batteries, ceramic capacitors, and electronic parts by devising the system structure.

  Since the SPG membrane itself has a uniform pore size as well as changing the water cluster, there is no large loophole, and there is no concern about insufficient filtration, and a sterilization effect can be expected. In addition, water with small clusters and hydroxyl ions, which are negative ions, have excellent penetrability and have detergency and emulsification power, so they can be sprayed on dry skin to increase water retention or spray on the scalp to apply to the hair roots. It is effective to wash away buried sebum. The use of water with small clusters and abundant negative ion water with detergency generated by the water reformer equipped with the SPG membrane of the present invention is also effective for improving the constitution of the body by supplying it to the body. I can expect that. Moreover, when it is sufficient if the emulsification stability of about several days can be anticipated without using an emulsifier so much in an emulsified product manufacturing process like O / W emulsion, for example, vinegar containing 80 to 95% of water An O / W emulsion emulsified by using SPG-treated water as a continuous phase aqueous solution of an O / W emulsion, such as a dressing produced from oil, or a coarsely mixed O / W emulsion without using an emulsifier. By allowing SPG to permeate the SPG, the O / W aqueous solution portion is modified by SPG into an aqueous solution having a surface-active action, and an O / W emulsion that is stable and stable for a long period of time can be obtained.

It is the schematic which shows the whole water-permeable module which shows one Example of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows a SPG film | membrane typically. The graph which shows the mass spectrum which measured the state after three months of the raw water before SPG processing, and the water (henceforth SPG processing water) which permeate | transmitted the SPG membrane with a pore diameter of 2.7 micrometers by liquid ionization mass spectrometry. is there. It is a graph which shows the water molecule cluster increase / decrease distribution of both distribution of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows one Example of the sprayer carrying an SPG film | membrane. It is a perspective view which shows the other Example of the sprayer carrying an SPG film | membrane. It is a perspective view which shows one Example of the water purifier which mounts an SPG membrane. It is sectional drawing which shows typically one Example of the SPG membrane mounted in the water purifier. FIG. 3 is a structural diagram schematically showing a negative ion hydroxyl ion having a surface activation action in water. FIG. 3 is a structural diagram schematically showing hydroxyl ions in water generated in the process of passing through an SPG membrane. The photograph which shows the state of the emulsion emulsification 1st day (the day) of SPG processing water with a pore diameter of 0.2 micrometer and raw water before SPG processing. The photograph which shows the state of the emulsion emulsification on the 5th day of SPG processing water with a hole diameter of 0.2 micrometer, and raw | natural water before SPG processing. The photograph which shows the state of the emulsion emulsification on the 7th day of SPG processing water with a pore diameter of 0.2 micrometer, and raw | natural water before SPG processing. The photograph which shows the state re-stirred on the 8th day of emulsion emulsification of SPG-treated water having a pore size of 0.2 μm and raw water before SPG treatment. The photograph which shows the state of the emulsion emulsification 1st day (the day) of the SPG process water with a pore diameter of 0.2 micrometer, and other companies water. The photograph which shows the state on the 2nd day of emulsion emulsification of the SPG process water of 0.2 micrometer in pore diameter, and water of other companies. The photograph which shows the state of the emulsion emulsification on the 7th day of SPG processing water with a hole diameter of 0.2 micrometer, and other companies water. The photograph which shows the state of the emulsion emulsification on the 15th day of the emulsion of SPG treated water having a pore size of 0.2 μm and water of other companies. It is a schematic diagram which shows the system which can confirm that weak electricity has generate | occur | produced when water permeate | transmits an SPG film | membrane. It is a graph which shows the electrical potential difference before and behind water permeate | transmits a SPG membrane. It is a graph which shows the change of the water pressure when water permeate | transmits a SPG film | membrane.

Explanation of symbols

1 Shirasu porous glass (SPG)
2 Module 3 Module upper cover 4 Module lower cover 5 Water supply port 6 Water supply port 7 Water 8 which has been pressurized from the outside and has not passed through the SPG membrane 8 Permeated water 9 Pump-type container 10 Water pumping conduit 11 Press head 12 Nozzle 13 Button 14 Activated carbon 15 Layer of activated carbon 16 H atom 17 O atom 18 Si atom 19 SPG surface 20 Emulsion in SPG treated water having a pore size of 0.2 μm 21 Emulsion in raw water before SPG treatment 22 Comparative example water 1 (trade name) : Emulsified water 23) Comparative Example Water 2 (trade name: Hita Tenryomizu) Emulsified water 24 Water tank 25 before permeating the SPG membrane Circulation pump 26 Water flow 27 SPG membrane 28 Voltmeter 29 Terminal (before transmission)
30 terminals (after transmission)
31 Water tank 32 after passing through the SPG membrane Pressure gauge W1 Lipophilic part (OH ⁻ ) _m
W2 hydrophilic part (H ₂ O) _n
W01 Cluster formation water L1 Reformation process W11 Produced OH ⁻
W21 Smaller cluster W02 Cluster formation water L2 Reforming process W12 OH ⁻ produced
W22 Smaller cluster

Claims (4)

Hydroxyl ion, which is a negative ion having a surface activation action by generating water or an aqueous solution having surface activity using shirasu porous glass, and allowing water or aqueous solution to permeate through the through-holes of shirasu porous glass A method for producing water or an aqueous solution, characterized in that an abundant water or aqueous solution is produced. It is characterized in that water or an aqueous solution rich in hydroxyl ions, which are negative ions having surface activity, is produced by allowing water or an aqueous solution to permeate through three-dimensional network-like continuous pores of a porous body. Method for producing water or aqueous solution. The production | generation apparatus which produces | generates the water or aqueous solution which has the surface activation effect | action which is a negative ion using the porous body of Claim 1 or Claim 2. 3. A press head having a nozzle and a water pumping pipe inserted therein and a water storage container storing water or an aqueous solution, and applying pressure to the press head according to claim 1 or claim 2. A water generating apparatus characterized by generating and discharging hydroxyl ion water having a surface activating action, which is negative ions, from a nozzle through the porous body.