JP2006105509A - Heating method and heating device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a heating method and device for efficient gasification by using, in aqueous gasification using a hydrous matter as a raw material, the steam generated in drying of the raw material as a heat source or a gasification agent. <P>SOLUTION: The heating device comprises a heating vessel 103 to which a sample 101 that is the hydrous matter is put, a steam separator 109 separating steam of high concentration from a gas discharged from the heating vessel 103, and a steam circulating passage 107 returning the separated steam to the heating vessel 103. The steam evaporated in the drying process can be effectively used as a heat medium that is a heating source or a reaction agent. Consequently, separate input of steam can be dispensed with to downsize the facilities, and efficient heating can be performed with simplified control. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a method and apparatus relating to heating for drying a hydrous material using high-temperature steam, and heating for performing gasification using high-temperature steam as a gasifying agent.

  As a method for drying a hydrated material, there is a method using superheated steam. This method uses the latent heat of condensation and gas radiation of water vapor to quickly dry and prevent the food from deteriorating and decomposing due to heating for a long time when producing dried foods. Recently, it has attracted attention because it can be done. However, since the production of superheated steam requires a lot of energy, energy saving is desired.

  Further, in recent years, technological development has been actively conducted to obtain a combustible gas such as hydrogen by gasifying an organic substance with high-temperature steam and performing thermal decomposition or water gasification reaction.

  The normal pyrolysis gasification system is a method in which carbide is partially burned in a pyrolysis gasification furnace and water vapor is supplied to cause a water gasification reaction in the pyrolysis gasification furnace. If the reaction rate is infinite and other conditions are ideal, the amount of water vapor supplied may be equimolar with carbon, but it is not ideal in an actual machine, so it is about 20 to 50% of equimolar. Excess water vapor is required.

Therefore, in the pyrolysis gasification furnace, water vapor that has not been used for the reaction remains in addition to the combustible gas called water gas (H ₂ + CO). In a normal pyrolysis gasification system, the obtained gas is once returned to room temperature to remove residual water vapor as water, and excess water necessary for the reaction is supplied by a separate boiler.

  Therefore, in the above-described normal pyrolysis gasification system, the obtained gas is once returned to room temperature to remove residual water vapor as water, while excess water necessary for the reaction is supplied separately by a boiler. Therefore, the latent heat possessed by water vapor is released out of the system, while it is supplied into the system, reducing the thermal efficiency.

  In order to solve such problems as much as possible, recently, as a specialized pyrolysis gasifier, carbide, water vapor, and air are introduced into a pyrolysis gasifier and combustible gas is introduced. A pyrolysis gasification apparatus is provided, comprising a steam separation membrane for selectively separating and removing water vapor contained in the combustible gas generated in the pyrolysis gasification furnace, There is known a gasifier in which a water vapor circulation path for circulating the separated and removed water vapor back to the pyrolysis gasification furnace is formed.

  The gasifier having such a structure is provided with a water vapor separation membrane for selectively separating and removing water vapor contained in the combustible gas generated in the pyrolysis gasification furnace, and further separated and removed by the water vapor separation membrane. The steam is recirculated back to the pyrolysis gasification furnace to form a steam circulation path, which reduces the amount of discharge without condensing the steam required for the water gasification reaction in the pyrolysis gasification furnace. Thus, the thermal efficiency is improved by using the product while recycling (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a heating apparatus specialized for pyrolysis gasification using the conventional heating method described in Patent Document 1.

  In FIG. 3, reference numeral 10 in the figure is a carbonization apparatus, and 20 is a pyrolysis gasifier. Thus, the pyrolysis gasification apparatus using the steam separation membrane converts the carbide (C) obtained from the carbonization apparatus 10 using organic waste as a raw material, water vapor, and air into the pyrolysis gasification furnace 20. The flammable gas is obtained by water gasification reaction.

  The carbonization apparatus 10 performs carbonization using organic waste charged into a carbonization furnace as a raw material to generate carbide. Here, examples of organic waste as a raw material include food production by-products such as okara and tea husk, wood waste, manure, raw garbage, organic sludge, and sewage sludge. The carbonization apparatus 10 used here can employ various known apparatuses and is not particularly limited. However, the volatile matter generated in the treatment process is a high temperature of 850 ° C. or more for dioxin suppression. It is preferable to burn and use as a heat source for carbonization.

  The pyrolysis gasification furnace 20 is charged with carbide, water vapor and air to cause a water gasification reaction, and as a result of the reaction, a water gas containing a combustible gas is generated. This water gasification reaction is represented by the following chemical formula (Formula 1).

C + H ₂ O → CO + H ₂ (Formula 1)
For this water gasification reaction, the temperature in the pyrolysis gasification furnace 20 needs to be set to a high temperature of 800 ° C. or higher.

The water gas produced by such a water gasification reaction is a mixed gas having a stable property mainly composed of carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen gas (H ₂ ), both of which are flammable. It can be used as a fuel for internal combustion engines.

  Examples of the internal combustion engine that can use the above-described combustible gas (water gas) as a fuel include a gas engine and a gas turbine. Since such an internal combustion engine is easy to perform daily start / shutdown operation, if power is generated using this as a drive source, it is advantageous as a device for processing small and medium-sized carbides to generate power.

  In the pyrolysis gasification furnace 20 described above, a high temperature of 800 ° C. or higher necessary for the water gasification reaction can be easily ensured by partially burning the carbide charged in the furnace to obtain heat. .

However, if the carbide is partially burned, nitrogen is contained in the air necessary for the combustion of the carbide. Therefore, in addition to nitrogen gas and nitrogen compounds, combustion exhaust gas such as carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) is mixed with water gas. Generated.

  Further, exhaust gas (hereinafter referred to as “combustible gas”) mainly composed of combustible gas such as water gas generated in the pyrolysis gasification furnace 20 is caused by a shift reaction that occurs simultaneously with the water gasification reaction. Then, it is discharged from the pyrolysis gasification furnace 20 as a mixed gas containing water vapor. The chemical formula of this shift reaction is shown in (Formula 2).

CO ₂ + H 2 → CO + H ₂ O (Formula 2)
The combustible gas generated in the pyrolysis gasification furnace 20 is supplied with a steam steam heat exchanger for input (hereinafter referred to as “input heat exchange”) 21, a steam heat exchanger for replenishment (hereinafter referred to as “supplement heat exchange”). 22), air heat exchanger 23, membrane separator 50, dehumidifier 24, and drain tank 25, and are stored in gas holder 26.

  The input heat exchanger 21 uses the waste heat stored in the combustible gas generated in the pyrolysis gasification furnace 20 and heats the steam (hereinafter referred to as “input steam”) to be input into the furnace. Heat exchanger to be heated. The input steam is separated from (recovered from) combustible gas (mixed gas) in the membrane separation device 50 described later, and then is fed by the blower 27 (hereinafter referred to as “recovered steam”). , Supplemented with a deficient amount of water vapor (hereinafter referred to as “replenished water vapor”). That is, the input steam is the recovered steam plus supplemental steam.

  This supplemental steam is generated by heating the water supplied to the boiler 31 by the pump 30. The fuel of the boiler 31 uses a combustible gas stored in the gas holder 26. Note that the fuel of the boiler 31 not only uses the above-described combustible gas, but can also be provided with a dedicated fuel system or other heating source, or provided for other purposes. You may make it receive supply of the surplus steam from the boiler (not shown) which is.

  The above-mentioned input steam is obtained by adding a short amount of supplementary steam to the recovered steam at the control valve 28 in order to secure the amount of steam necessary for the water gasification reaction. Also, the supplemental steam is heated by the supplementary heat exchanger 22 on the upstream side of the control valve 28 and is heated. The supplementary heat exchanger 22 is a heat exchanger located on the downstream side of the supplementary heat exchanger 22 in the piping path that leads the combustible gas to the gas holder 26, and uses the waste heat of the combustible gas in the same manner as the input heat exchanger 21. Then, steam is heated. In addition, as for the input steam mentioned above, the one heated to about 110 ° C., for example, is input to the pyrolysis gasification furnace 20.

  In the piping path that leads the combustible gas from the pyrolysis gasifier 20 to the gas holder 26, the air heat exchanger 23 installed on the downstream side of the supplementary heat exchanger 22 is combustible generated in the pyrolysis gasifier 20. It is a heat exchanger that preheats the air for partial combustion to be introduced into the pyrolysis gasification furnace 20 using waste heat possessed by the property gas. In this case, the air preheated by the air heat exchanger 23 is used as a sweep gas for the membrane separation device 50 described later, and then is introduced into the pyrolysis gasification furnace 20 through the control valve 28 together with the recovered steam.

  By the way, in the air heat exchanger 23, the atmosphere may be introduced and heated as it is, but by supplying oxygen-enriched air (or oxygen) having a high oxygen concentration, the amount of nitrogen gas contained in the air decreases. For this reason, the combustible gas component density | concentration in the combustible gas discharged | emitted from the pyrolysis gasification furnace 20 rises by the reduced part of nitrogen gas.

  The oxygen-enriched air described above can be generated and supplied by a pressure swing adsorption device (abbreviated as PSA) which is a known technique. This pressure swing adsorption device performs adsorption with an adsorbent by increasing the pressure, and desorbs by decreasing the pressure. Thus, the adsorption / desorption cycle can be repeated to perform dehumidification in the air, recovery of gas, and the like.

  When a pressure swing adsorption device is employed for the generation of oxygen-enriched air, it is preferable to suppress power consumption by using surplus compressed air generally in the factory or the like. This is because, in a normal pressure swing adsorption device, that is, in an operation in which supply of excess compressed air is not received, it is necessary to operate the attached compressor and supply compressed air, so the power consumption in this compressor is large. It is.

  Therefore, even if the combustible gas generated in the pyrolysis gasification furnace 20 is used as fuel and the internal combustion engine generator 40 is operated to generate power, the amount of power generation that can be supplied to the outside is reduced, resulting in little merit.

  When waste heat is used by providing the input heat exchanger 21, the supplementary heat exchanger 22 and the air heat exchanger 23 described above, the temperature of the steam and oxygen-enriched air to be input to the pyrolysis gasification furnace 20 can be set high. The proportion of partial combustion that maintains the internal temperature at a high temperature can be kept low. In addition, since the waste heat is effectively used, the thermal efficiency of the entire apparatus can be improved. Note that it is possible to operate the pyrolysis gasifier using the water vapor separation membrane without providing the input heat exchanger 21, the supplementary heat exchanger 22 and the air heat exchanger 23, and provide at least one heat exchanger. Or can be changed as appropriate according to various conditions, such as changing the installation order.

  The membrane separation device 50 described above separates the combustible gas (inlet gas) that has been introduced into water vapor (membrane permeation gas) contained in the combustible gas and the remaining hydrogen gas, carbon monoxide, etc. (outlet gas). It has a function to do.

  The dehumidifier 24 is a cooling unit that cools and dehumidifies moisture contained in the combustible gas. In the dehumidifying device 24, when the high-temperature combustible gas is cooled, moisture is condensed and separated and removed.

Accordingly, the residual water vapor that has passed through the membrane separation device 50 together with the combustible gas is separated and removed almost completely by the dehumidifying device 24 and remains in the drain tank 25. As a result, the concentration of the combustible gas component consisting of carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen gas (H ₂ ) is increased by the amount of moisture removed from the combustible gas, and the quality of the fuel is improved.

  In addition, without providing the dehumidifying device 24 that actively cools, moisture can be condensed by natural cooling in the pipe or in the gas holder 26.

  The combustible gas stored in the gas holder 26 is used as fuel for the internal combustion engine generator 40. In the internal combustion engine generator 40, a power source (internal combustion engine) for generating electric power by driving the generator is appropriately selected from a gas engine and a gas turbine. The combustible gas stored in the gas holder 26 may be used as fuel supplied to the combustor of the main boiler 41.

  According to the pyrolysis gasifier using the steam separation membrane having the above-described configuration, the pyrolysis gasifier 20 is charged with water in the pyrolysis gasification furnace 20 charged with carbide, steam, and air (preferably oxygen-enriched air or oxygen). A gasification reaction occurs, and a combustible gas with stable symptoms can be obtained. Since this combustible gas can be used as a fuel for the internal combustion engine generator 40, it is possible to perform power generation driven by an internal combustion engine that is small in size and inexpensive in construction cost as compared with the case where power is generated by a steam turbine.

  In addition, the power generation by the internal combustion engine generator 40 can be easily performed in a daily start / shutdown operation in which power generation is performed as necessary, which is advantageous for an apparatus for processing small and medium-sized carbides.

  At this time, after obtaining the carbide in the carbonization apparatus 10 installed at or near the place where the organic waste is generated, it is transported to the pyrolysis gasification apparatus using the water vapor separation membrane. If configured, for example, compared to transporting organic waste with a very high water content such as okara as it is, transport efficiency can be greatly increased by transporting reduced volume of carbide. .

  In the pyrolysis gasification apparatus using the above-described steam separation membrane, the steam circulation in which the steam contained in the combustible gas is separated and removed by the membrane separation apparatus 50 and returned to the pyrolysis gasification furnace 20. A path is formed. This steam circulation path separates and collects the steam that has flowed into the membrane separation device 50 together with the combustible gas through the input heat exchanger 21, the supplementary heat exchanger 22, and the air heat exchanger 23, and collects the blower 27, the control valve 28, and the input heat. It returns to the pyrolysis gasification furnace 20 through the cross 21. Since the water vapor flowing through this water vapor circulation channel circulates without being condensed, the loss of condensation latent heat is reduced and the heat efficiency is good as compared with the conventional case where the water vapor is condensed and thrown out of the system.

  Further, since the water gasification reaction is performed by using the water vapor while being recycled, the amount of water vapor discharged to the outside of the system can be minimized, and therefore the amount of supplemental water vapor generated in the boiler 31 is also minimized. Become.

  For this reason, the capacity | capacitance of the boiler 31 becomes small, and it is effective for the saving of fuel consumption, size reduction, and cost reduction of an apparatus. Further, since the required capacity of the dehumidifying device 24 and the gas holder 26 can be reduced, it is also effective for reducing the size and cost of the device.

  Further, since oxygen-enriched air or oxygen is used as the air to be introduced into the pyrolysis gasifier 20, and this is used as the sweep gas of the membrane separation device 50, the amount of water vapor permeate increases and the amount of recovered water vapor is reduced. Can be increased. It is possible to use other gases as the sweep gas, but in this case, a new gas supply system is required, which hinders downsizing and cost reduction of the apparatus.

Further, the waste heat of the combustible gas is used to heat up the input steam and supplemental steam and the oxygen-enriched air and oxygen (air) for partial combustion to raise the temperature. Partial combustion maintaining temperature can be minimized. When partial combustion is minimized in this way, the amount of air containing nitrogen necessary for partial combustion also decreases, so when air or oxygen-enriched air is introduced, it is included in the generated combustible gas. The amount of nitrogen gas decreases, and the combustible gas component becomes a gas with a high calorific value that is convenient as a fuel for an internal combustion engine.
JP 2004-43586 A

  However, since the pyrolysis gasification apparatus requires a part for supplying carbide and a part for supplying steam, it leads to an increase in size, and it is necessary to control the supply of carbide and the input of steam separately. Control becomes complicated.

  Furthermore, when processing a hydrated substance, a carbonization process is separately required, and the evaporated water vapor from the hydrated substance at the time of drying is wasted. This means that energy consumption from the outside increases in total.

  Further, by inhaling oxygen-enriched air as a heat source for thermal decomposition, a part of the carbide is oxidized and burned and used as a heat source, but there is a concern that dioxins are generated at least. Furthermore, when raw materials such as hydrated substances are processed instead of carbides, the temperature is temporarily lowered with the supply, and the risk of dioxin generation is further increased.

  In order to avoid this, there is a method of indirectly heating the gasification furnace if it is a method that does not introduce oxygen, but this causes a temperature difference in the raw materials such as internal carbides, so that the temperature is equalized. For this reason, there is a restriction that an agitation mechanism is provided in the interior or the structure is used.

  The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems, and includes an evaporation process for evaporating moisture by heating a hydrated product or a moisture-adjusted raw material, and a steam separation process for separating water vapor evaporated in the evaporation process. And a steam heating process for heating steam, wherein the heat source of the evaporation process is steam generated in the steam heating process.

  The present invention also separates the heating vessel into which the hydrated material or the raw material whose moisture has been adjusted is charged, the water vapor separation means for separating high-concentration water vapor from the gas discharged from the heating container, and the water vapor separation means. The heating apparatus includes a water vapor circulation path for introducing water vapor into the heating container.

  Therefore, by circulating and using the water vapor that evaporates during the drying of the direct gasification process that is performed in advance, it is not necessary to input water vapor from the outside, and the water vapor that evaporates during the drying process can be used as a heating medium or a reactive agent. It can be used effectively. And since it performs only by raw material supply, without supplying water vapor | steam separately, highly efficient heating can be performed by a small equipment and simple control.

  According to the present invention, compared with the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, it is added at the same time as the raw material without introducing water vapor from the outside, or if the raw material is a hydrate, the direct gasification treatment is performed without performing carbonization treatment in advance. It is necessary to circulate and use the water vapor that evaporates at the time of drying in the initial process, so that there is no need to input water vapor from the outside, and water vapor is used as a heat source. Water vapor that evaporates in the process can be effectively used as a heat medium or a reaction agent that serves as a heating source. As a result, since only the raw material supply is performed, the equipment can be downsized, the control can be simplified, and the heating can be performed with high efficiency. Yes, more efficient processing can be performed.

  The invention according to claim 1 is an evaporation process in which moisture is evaporated by heating a water-containing material or a raw material subjected to moisture adjustment, a water vapor separation process in which water vapor evaporated in the evaporation process is separated, and water vapor is heated. It consists of a steam heating process, and the heat source of the evaporation process is steam generated in the steam heating process.

  Therefore, water vapor that evaporates in the drying process can be effectively used as a heating medium or a reaction agent that serves as a heating source, and labor can be reduced and highly efficient heating can be performed without adding additional water vapor. . In addition, the generation of dioxins due to the introduction of oxygen can be suppressed as much as possible, and the heating of the raw material can be performed in a uniform manner, so that further efficiency can be achieved.

  The invention according to claim 2 is a heating container into which a hydrated material or a raw material whose moisture has been adjusted is charged, a water vapor separation means for separating high-concentration water vapor from a gas discharged from the heating container, and the separation means The heating apparatus is provided with a water vapor circulation path for introducing the water vapor separated in step 1 into the heating vessel.

  By adopting such a configuration, water vapor evaporated in the drying process can be effectively used as a heat medium or a reactant as a heating source, and as a result, no additional water vapor is added, and the equipment can be downsized. In addition, the control becomes simple and high-efficiency heating can be performed.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, a steam heating means is provided in the steam circulation path, and steam heated by the steam heating means is used as a heat source of a heating container.

  Therefore, the outer wall of the heating container is relaxed such that the heating container must be a material with good heat conductivity such as a metal that can withstand high-temperature heating, and the limited range of materials is widened. Highly durable materials can be used. As a result, the water vapor evaporated in the drying process can be effectively used as a heating medium or a reaction agent as a heating source, so that it can be easily controlled with a small facility without additional water vapor, and highly efficient heating can be achieved. In addition to being able to do it, it will be cheaper.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the water vapor circulation path is insulated from the heating vessel through the water vapor separation means.

  With this configuration, it is possible to prevent reduction of the heat retained by water vapor, and to perform more efficient heating.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the water vapor separation means is composed of a porous material.

  Therefore, in addition to the above effects, no other equipment is required, the water vapor separation means can be easily replaced, and since it becomes compact, a heating device that is inexpensive and excellent in serviceability can be obtained.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, detailed description is abbreviate | omitted about the component which is the same as the past, and a part without a difference. Further, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a heating device according to the first embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a heating method by the heating device according to the first embodiment.

  In FIG. 1, a hopper 100 is a container for temporarily stocking a gasification object to be a sample 101, and is connected to a heating container 103 via a feeder 102. As the sample 101, for example, biomass such as raw garbage and wood waste, and organic matter such as waste plastic are used in general, but in this embodiment, food waste that does not require much moisture adjustment will be described as an example. The sample 101 generally has a water content of about 80%. The feeder 102 is a screw feeder or a piston feeder, which can quantitatively supply the sample 101 from the hopper 100 to the heating container 103, and has a structure in which no gas flows from the heating container 103 to the hopper 100. ing.

  The heating container 103 is made of stainless steel or ceramic material and has a structure that does not leak gas. A heating body 104 is provided on the outer periphery of the heating container 103, a mixed gas exhaust pipe 106 is connected to the upper part, and a water vapor circulation path 107 is connected to the lower part, and a pressure sensor for detecting internal pressure. 108 is provided. The heating element 104 is not particularly limited as long as it is an electric resistor such as a Kanthal heater or a substance that oxidizes and burns a combustible gas. The mixed gas exhaust pipe 106 is connected to a steam separator 109, and guides the gas from the heating container 103 to the steam separator 109. The water vapor separator 109 is provided with a water vapor separator 110 made of a porous material, and is divided into two chambers across the water vapor separator 110. In the chamber 109a to which the mixed gas exhaust pipe 106 is connected, the other end of the water vapor circulation path 107 is provided at a position farthest from the mixed gas exhaust pipe 106, and the gas pipe 111 is provided in the other chamber 109b. Is provided. The water vapor separator 110 separates a mixed gas of hydrogen, methane, carbon dioxide and water vapor by utilizing the difference in molecular size, and is made of a heat-resistant inorganic material, preferably 600 ° C. or higher. It has the heat resistance of.

  A volumetric flow meter 112 and a gas pump 113 are attached to the gas pipe 111.

  A branch pipe 115 is connected to a position near the water vapor separator 109 between the water vapor separator 109 and the heating vessel 103 in the water vapor circulation path 107. The other of the branch pipe 115 is open to the atmosphere, and the opening and closing operation of an electromagnetic on-off valve 114 provided in the branch pipe 115 controls the communication and blocking of the water vapor circulation path 107 and the atmosphere. Further, between the branch pipe 115 and the heating container 103 in the water vapor circulation path 107, a water vapor pump 116 that promotes the circulation of water vapor in the water vapor circulation path 107 is installed. Further, a steam heating body 117 is provided in a portion near the heating container 103 downstream of the steam pump 116 in the steam circulation path 107.

  The steam circulation path 107 is thermally insulated by a heat insulating material or the like (not shown) throughout. Further, the mixed gas exhaust pipe 106 is similarly insulated as necessary.

  About the heating apparatus comprised as mentioned above, the operation | movement and an effect | action are demonstrated below.

  First, the sample 101 is put into the hopper 100 and the operation is started. Thereby, the heating body 104, the gas pump 113, and the water vapor pump 116 each start to operate, and the heating container 103 is heated at the same time as the air in the system is exhausted to reduce the pressure. When the temperature of the heating container 103 reaches 800 ° C., the feeder 102 operates to supply the sample 101 to the heating container 103 by a predetermined amount. The predetermined amount at this time is determined as an amount such that the pressure increase due to water vapor and volatile gas generated by heating becomes 0.4 MPa or less which is the upper limit detected by the pressure sensor 108. The sample 101 supplied into the heating container 103 evaporates water vapor and volatilizes hydrocarbon gas by heating. At this time, a part of the water vapor and a part of the hydrocarbon react to become hydrogen and carbon dioxide or carbon monoxide, and the mixed gas containing water vapor and hydrocarbons, hydrogen, carbon dioxide, and carbon monoxide as main components, It flows from the upper part of the heating vessel 103 to the steam separator 109 through the mixed gas exhaust pipe 106.

  Among the steam and mixed gas flowing into the steam separator 109, the mixed gas is sucked into the gas pump 113 from the gas pipe 111 through the pores of the steam separator 110 due to the pressure reducing effect of the gas pump 113, and then to the outside. Discharged. At this time, the gas flow rate is periodically detected by the flow meter 112, and when the gas flow rate becomes a predetermined value or less, the supply device 102 is operated to supply the sample 101.

  Further, the water vapor is circulated to the heating container 103 through the water vapor circulation path 107 by the operation of the water vapor pump 116. At this time, since the water vapor separator 109 and the water vapor circulation path 107 are insulated, the water vapor retains most of the heat, but a part of the water vapor is dissipated to lower the temperature. The temperature-lowered portion is heated by the steam heating body 117 to form 800 ° C. water vapor, which is circulated through the heating container 103.

  In addition, for example, when some abnormality occurs, such as when the pressure of the heating container 103 rises more than expected, the normally closed on-off valve 114 is opened, and water vapor is sent to the outside through the branch pipe 115. Release and adjust pressure.

  Then, the water vapor heated to 800 ° C. circulates in the sample 101. Thus, if the sample 101 is being dried, the drying is accelerated, and if the drying is finished, thermal decomposition or water gasification is performed. A part of the water vapor that functions as a gasifying agent for the reaction and cannot be reacted flows into the water vapor separator 109 together with the hydrogen gas generated by the reaction and the volatile component during the thermal decomposition. Similarly, high-concentration water vapor flows through the water vapor circulation path 107 and is used again as a gasifying agent. At this time, the temperature of the heating body 104 is controlled so as to maintain 800 ° C.

  The heating method of the heating apparatus is summarized as shown in FIG.

  That is, in the figure, the heating container 103 is heated to 800 ° C. in STEP 1 and the process proceeds to STEP 2.

  Then, in STEP 2, the sample 101 is put into the heating container 103, the sample 101 is evaporated by moisture evaporation and pyrolysis, a mixed gas which is water vapor and pyrolysis gas is generated, and the process proceeds to STEP 3.

  In STEP3, water vapor is separated from these gases, and the process proceeds to STEP4.

  In STEP 4, the flow rate of the mixed gas after separation of the water vapor is measured below a predetermined value, that is, an indication of whether or not the water gasification reaction has been completed. Then, return to STEP2, and if it exceeds the predetermined value, proceed to STEP5.

  In STEP5, the water vapor is returned to the heating vessel 103 and used for gasification of the water gasification reaction with the sample 101 or reforming of hydrocarbons such as tar, and the process proceeds to STEP6.

  In STEP 6, the sample gas is continuously sampled by exhausting the mixed gas such as hydrogen, hydrocarbon, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and the like and the unreacted surplus water vapor generated in STEP 5 from the heating vessel 103 and returning to SETP3. 101 is gasified using its own moisture.

  And the produced combustible gas, such as hydrogen, hydrocarbon, and carbon monoxide, is used outside the system as fuel for a gas generator and boiler fuel.

  As described above, since the heating device according to the present embodiment can use the water contained in the raw material as a gasifying agent for the water gasification reaction, there is no need to separately supply water vapor from the outside, and the heat source In addition, the gasifying agent can be used effectively. In addition, when the raw material has a low moisture content and does not have sufficient water for the water gasification reaction, adding water to the raw material eliminates the need for a separate water vapor supply pipe and reduces the amount of water. However, since the raw material moisture is used, the amount of water added as moisture adjustment can be reduced by that amount, and the heat source and the gasifying agent can be used effectively.

  Since the present invention uses the moisture contained in the raw material as its own heat source and reactant, it can be heated with high efficiency, preferably organic solids such as biomass containing garbage, plastic, coal, sludge, petroleum In addition, it can be used as a gasification heating device that obtains combustible fuel gas by pyrolysis, reforming, or water gasification reaction of organic liquids such as waste oil.

Configuration diagram of the heating device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention Flow chart of heating method of heating device in same embodiment Configuration diagram of a heating device showing a conventional example

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 103 Heating container 104 Heating body 106 Mixed gas exhaust piping 107 Water vapor circulation path 109 Water vapor separator 110 Water vapor separator 111 Gas piping 115 Branch pipe 117 Steam heating body

Claims (5)

  The evaporation process includes: an evaporation process for evaporating moisture by heating a hydrated material or a moisture-adjusted raw material; a steam separation process for separating water vapor evaporated in the evaporation process; and a steam heating process for heating water vapor. A heating method in which the heat source of the process is steam generated in the steam heating process.   A heating container for introducing a hydrated material or a water-adjusted raw material, a water vapor separation means for separating high-concentration water vapor from a gas discharged from the heating container, and water vapor separated by the water vapor separation means to the heating container A heating device having a water vapor circulation path to be introduced.   The heating apparatus according to claim 2, wherein a steam heating means is provided in the steam circulation path, and steam heated by the steam heating means is used as a heat source of the heating container.   The heating apparatus according to claim 2 or 3, wherein a water vapor circulation path from the heating container through a water vapor separation means is insulated.   The heating apparatus according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the water vapor separation means is made of a porous material.

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