JP2006095485A - Waste disposal system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a waste disposal system, which can appropriately control the generation rates of combustible ingredients in fuel gas or trace ingredients that cause air pollution, corrosion, and pipeline blocking. <P>SOLUTION: The waste disposal system can appropriately control the generation rates of combustible ingredients in fuel gas or trace ingredients that cause air pollution, corrosion, and pipeline blocking by measuring the composition of a fuel gas 8 and/or exhaust gas 10 and then controlling based on these measured values a pyrolysis mechanism 2 and/or a modifying mechanism 4 and/or a gas washing mechanism 6 and/or a desulfurization mechanism 14. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a waste treatment system in which waste is thermally decomposed to reduce its volume, and a pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis is reformed at a high temperature and then washed and used as a fuel gas.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a waste treatment system that reduces the volume of waste by thermal decomposition or the like is known. This waste treatment system crushes waste and other materials to be treated collected from each household, business office, etc. It aims to make it easier.

  When the waste is heated and pyrolyzed, pyrolysis residue and pyrolysis gas are generated. As a method of using the pyrolysis gas, it is conceivable to burn the pyrolysis gas and use the combustion heat. That is, the pyrolysis gas burns at a high temperature by blowing a large amount of oxidant such as air. In general, heat is recovered from a high-temperature gas generated at that time by a water tube boiler, and the generated steam is used to generate power by a steam turbine or the like to recover energy.

  However, in power generation using a steam turbine, it is necessary to operate the boiler with a high-temperature and high-pressure steam setting in order to improve efficiency. For this reason, there exists a danger which the temperature of a boiler tube will enter into a hot corrosion area | region, and will lead to corrosion.

  On the other hand, it is considered that the pyrolysis gas is reformed and washed to obtain a fuel gas, which is used as a fuel for a gas engine, a gas turbine, a fuel cell, or the like (for example, see Patent Document 1). In this case, first, the oxidizing agent blown into the pyrolysis gas in the reforming mechanism is made less than the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio, the pyrolysis gas is partially burned in a reducing atmosphere, a high-temperature gas atmosphere is created, and the pyrolysis gas is reformed. . Next, the reformed gas is washed with washing water in a gas washing mechanism to produce fuel gas. In some cases, a desulfurization mechanism is installed for the purpose of removing hydrogen sulfide from the produced fuel gas.

  As described above, the produced fuel gas can be generated by supplying it as a fuel to a gas engine, a gas turbine, a fuel cell, or the like. This method does not require high-temperature and high-pressure steam for power generation, so there is no fear of high-temperature corrosion, power generation efficiency does not decrease even in a small system, and the processing gas flow rate downstream of the reforming mechanism There are few advantages, such as being able to miniaturize piping and equipment.

  The fuel gas described above becomes an air pollutant during combustion of combustible components, sulfur, nitrogen, chlorine, etc., depending on the composition of the waste and the operating conditions of the thermal decomposition mechanism, reforming mechanism, gas cleaning mechanism, and desulfurization mechanism. The content of ingredients varies. That is, since the waste is a mixture of various substances, the constituent element ratio and the mixing ratio of the substances greatly vary. When the mixing ratio of incombustibles and combustibles in the waste is changed, the incombustibles do not undergo thermal decomposition, so the generation rate of pyrolysis gas changes.

  For example, as combustible materials, the content of ash and moisture that cannot be pyrolyzed by woody materials and plastics, foods, etc., and the proportion of constituent elements are different, so the generation rate of pyrolysis gas is different, and the composition of pyrolysis gas that is generated is also different. End up. Further, even if plastic is used, for example, vinyl chloride, urethane, and polyester have different constituent ratios, so that the generation ratio and composition of pyrolysis gas and the contents of sulfur, nitrogen, chlorine, and the like are different. Furthermore, when the waste contains a specific component in the pyrolysis gas, for example, a substance that absorbs ammonia or hydrogen chloride, the content of the specific component in the pyrolysis gas varies depending on the content of the substance. It will be a thing.

That is, the generation ratio and composition of pyrolysis gas, and the contents of sulfur, nitrogen, chlorine, and the like vary due to the variation in the waste composition.
JP 2001-41437 A

  In this way, pyrolysis gas is generated by heating the waste, and this pyrolysis gas is reformed in a high-temperature reducing atmosphere to form a reformed gas. Further, the reformed gas is washed with washing water to produce a fuel. In a waste treatment system equipped with a gas use facility that uses this fuel gas as fuel, the amount of combustible components in the fuel gas supplied to the gas use facility, air pollution, corrosion, and pipe clogging It is desirable to keep the amount of trace components generated within a certain range. However, the amount of flammable components in the fuel gas and the amount of trace components that cause air pollution, corrosion, and piping blockage fluctuated due to complex factors such as the waste composition and operating conditions of the upstream mechanism.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a waste treatment system capable of appropriately controlling the amount of a combustible component in a fuel gas, an amount of a trace component that causes air pollution, corrosion, and piping blockage.

  The waste treatment system of the present invention includes a pyrolysis mechanism that heats and decomposes waste to generate pyrolysis gas, and an oxidant is blown into the pyrolysis gas to partially burn and reform in a high temperature reducing atmosphere. A reforming mechanism that uses reformed gas, a gas cleaning mechanism that cleans the reformed gas with cleaning water and uses it as fuel gas, and a gas utilization facility that uses the fuel gas as fuel to obtain a predetermined output and generate exhaust gas A waste treatment system comprising: component measurement means for measuring any component of the fuel gas or exhaust gas; and based on the component value measured by the component measurement means, the amount of heating heat in the thermal decomposition mechanism, And a control means for controlling any one of a temperature distribution during heating, a staying time, a waste supply amount, an additive supply amount, or a combination thereof.

  Further, in the present invention, the control means is based on the component value measured by the component measurement means, and the oxidizing agent supply amount, oxidizing agent type, additive supply amount, temperature distribution, residence time, additive supply in the reforming mechanism. Any one or a plurality of combinations may be controlled.

  In the present invention, the control unit controls any one or a combination of the pH of the cleaning water, the flow rate of the cleaning water, and the temperature of the cleaning water based on the component value measured by the component measuring unit. It may be a thing.

  In the present invention, the control means controls the heating heat amount in the thermal decomposition mechanism, the temperature distribution during heating, the staying time, the waste supply amount, the additive supply amount, or a function of controlling a combination thereof, and A function for controlling any one or a combination of an oxidizing agent supply amount, an oxidizing agent type, an additive supply amount, a temperature distribution, a residence time, an additive supply amount in the reforming mechanism, and a cleaning water in the gas cleaning mechanism It may include any combination of pH, washing water flow rate, washing water temperature, or a function of controlling a plurality of combinations.

  Further, in the present invention, the desulfurization device provided on the downstream side of the gas cleaning mechanism and removing hydrogen sulfide in the fuel gas, and the route of the fuel gas based on the component value measured by the component measuring means The structure provided with the bypass means to bypass with respect to a desulfurization apparatus may be sufficient.

  Furthermore, in the present invention, the component measured by the component measuring device includes any one of fuel gas, methane, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen chloride, ammonia, hydrogen cyanide, or a combination thereof. Alternatively, any one of sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, and hydrogen chloride of combustion exhaust gas is included, or a plurality of combinations are included.

  According to the present invention, the fuel gas and / or exhaust gas composition is measured, and the fuel gas is controlled by controlling the pyrolysis mechanism and / or reforming mechanism and / or gas cleaning mechanism and / or desulfurization mechanism based on these measured values. It is possible to appropriately control the amount of flammable components in the interior, the amount of trace components that cause air pollution, corrosion and piping blockage.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a waste treatment system according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 shows the overall configuration of the waste treatment system in this embodiment. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes waste collected from each household, business office, etc., which is crushed into a predetermined shape by a crusher (not shown) and put into the thermal decomposition mechanism 2. The pyrolysis mechanism 2 heats and heat-treats the input workpiece (crushed waste) to reduce the volume and make it harmless. By thermal decomposition of this waste, a thermal decomposition residue and a thermal decomposition gas 3 are generated in the thermal decomposition mechanism 2.

  The pyrolysis residue is discharged outside by a residue discharge mechanism (not shown). The pyrolysis gas 3 is introduced into the subsequent gas reforming mechanism 4 and reformed. That is, in the reforming mechanism 4, the oxidizing agent blown into the pyrolysis gas 3 is made less than the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio, the pyrolysis gas is partially burned in a reducing atmosphere, a high temperature gas atmosphere is created, and the pyrolysis gas is reformed. . The reformed gas (reformed pyrolysis gas) 5 is introduced into a gas cleaning mechanism 6, and is cleaned with cleaning water 7 in the gas cleaning mechanism 6 to produce a fuel gas 8.

  The fuel gas 8 is supplied as fuel to a gas utilization facility 9 (for example, a gas engine, a gas turbine, a fuel cell, etc.), and energy such as generated power is obtained as an output. Further, exhaust gas 10 is discharged from the gas utilization facility 9 as a result of utilization of the fuel gas 8.

  A gas analyzer (component measuring means) 11 analyzes and measures the components of the fuel gas 8. That is, the fuel gas 8 includes calorific components such as methane, hydrogen, and carbon monoxide, and trace harmful components that become air pollution sources such as hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen chloride, ammonia, and hydrogen cyanide. Or measure multiple combinations.

  12 a is a control means, based on the component value measured by the gas analyzer 11, one of the heating heat amount in the thermal decomposition mechanism 2, the temperature distribution during heating, the residence time, the waste supply amount, the additive supply amount, Alternatively, a plurality of combinations are controlled.

  Here, the thermal decomposition mechanism 2 heats the waste 1 and converts it into the pyrolysis gas 3 as described above. However, the pyrolysis mechanism 2 is pyrolyzed with substances constituting the waste, such as wood-based substances, various plastics, and foods. Reactivity, that is, reaction temperature and reaction time are different. For this reason, for example, the generation amount and composition of the pyrolysis gas and the content of sulfur, nitrogen, chlorine and the like differ depending on the heating conditions. Therefore, the amount and composition of pyrolysis gas, sulfur, nitrogen, etc., depending on the amount of waste supplied, the amount of heat, the temperature distribution during heating, the residence time in the thermal decomposition mechanism, or the supply of additives such as chemicals. The content of chlorine, etc. varies.

  Therefore, the control means 12a uses the composition of the fuel gas 8 after the gas cleaning analyzed by the gas analyzer 11, and stabilizes the heat amount of the fuel gas 8 for the thermal decomposition mechanism 2 based on the composition data, or Control to reduce the amount of harmful components that cause air pollution.

  For example, in the pyrolysis mechanism 2, the amount of heat decomposition gas 3 generated increases as the heating heat amount for the waste 1 increases. That is, although it depends on the composition of the waste 1, as the amount of heat is increased (of course, within a certain range), the thermal decomposition is promoted and more pyrolysis gas 3 is generated. As described above, the pyrolysis gas 3 contains a calorific component such as methane, hydrogen, and carbon monoxide and a trace amount of harmful component that becomes an air pollution source such as hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen chloride, ammonia, and hydrogen cyanide. When the amount is increased, the calorific component increases and the trace harmful component also increases.

  Since a trace amount of harmful components can generally be removed by processing by a post-stage mechanism, the amount of heat to be heated is usually controlled so that the amount of heat component increases with priority given to the amount of heat. However, depending on the composition component of the waste, a large amount of harmful components may be generated and may not be completely removed by the processing by the latter mechanism.

  In such a case, the amount of heating heat with respect to the waste 1 is lowered, and the generation amount of the pyrolysis gas 3 is reduced, thereby controlling the generation of trace harmful components. That is, from the analysis result of the gas analyzer 11, when there are many measured values of trace harmful components in the fuel gas 8, the heating calorific value is controlled so as to suppress the generation of harmful components even if the generated amount of the calorific component is somewhat sacrificed. To control. The amount of heating heat can be controlled by adjusting the amount of waste supplied, the amount of heating heat, the temperature distribution during heating, and the residence time in the thermal decomposition mechanism.

  By controlling the thermal decomposition mechanism 2, it is possible to appropriately control the amount of combustible components in the fuel gas 8, and the amount of trace components that cause air pollution, corrosion, and piping blockage.

  Next, the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 will be described. In this embodiment, the control means 12b is based on the component value measured by the gas analyzer 11, and the oxidant supply amount, the oxidant type, the additive supply amount, the temperature distribution, the residence time in the reforming mechanism 4, One or a plurality of combinations of additive supply amounts are controlled.

  In the reforming mechanism 4, the pyrolysis gas 3 is partially combusted and converted into the reformed gas. Depending on the amount of pyrolysis gas 3 generated and the ratio of the oxidizing agent blown into the pyrolysis gas 3, The ratio of elements changes. Since the pyrolysis gas 3 is a mixture of various chemical substances, the composition and flow rate of the reformed gas produced vary depending on the temperature, the element ratio, and the reaction time. In addition, sulfur, chlorine, nitrogen, etc. contained in the pyrolysis gas are reduced in molecular weight in the reforming mechanism 4 and transformed into hydrogen sulfide, sulfur oxide, ammonia, nitrogen, nitrogen oxide, hydrogen cyanide, hydrogen chloride. The production ratio also varies depending on the temperature, the element ratio, the reaction time, and the presence of metals, acids, bases, and the like that react with these trace substances for transformation.

  Examples of substances that react with and modify these trace substances include sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, various base substances that react with hydrogen chloride, various acidic substances that react with ammonia, various metals that react with hydrogen sulfide, etc. There is. For this reason, for example, by using air or oxygen as an oxidizer, or by adding an additive such as water vapor or metal, the composition of the reformed gas, that is, the amount of methane, hydrogen, carbon monoxide generated, and the reaction The amount of ammonia, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen sulfide, and hydrogen cyanide generated varies.

  Therefore, the control means 12b analyzes the fuel gas composition after gas cleaning, controls the reforming mechanism 4 based on the composition data, and stabilizes the heat amount of the fuel gas, or a trace harmful component that becomes an air pollution source. The reforming mechanism is controlled so as to reduce the amount. That is, based on the analysis result of any one of methane, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen chloride, ammonia, hydrogen cyanide, or a plurality of combination components in the fuel gas 3 by the gas analyzer 11, as described above, the oxidation The agent supply amount, the oxidant type, the additive supply amount, the temperature distribution, the residence time, the additive supply amount, or a combination thereof is controlled.

  For example, when air is used as the oxidant, it has been confirmed by experimental results by the inventors that the amount of heat of the pyrolysis gas increases when the supply amount of air as the oxidant is reduced. That is, the pyrolysis gas 3 contains an oil component such as heavy oil, which is decomposed at a high temperature during the reforming. The heat source for obtaining this high temperature is obtained by partial combustion of the pyrolysis gas as described above. In this case, if a large amount of air as an oxidizer is supplied, partial combustion becomes active and the decomposition of the oil is promoted, but the heat quantity of the reformed fuel gas is reduced. On the other hand, when the amount of air supplied as the oxidant is reduced, partial combustion is suppressed, and the amount of heat of the reformed fuel gas itself increases. However, the oil may remain without being sufficiently decomposed.

  For this reason, when the amount of heat is increased by decreasing the amount of air, it is desirable not to control the reforming mechanism 4 alone but to control it in cooperation with other related devices. For example, in the thermal decomposition mechanism 2 in the previous stage, as described above, in order to suppress the generation of a trace amount of harmful components from the composition of the waste 1, the generation of the calorific component is also reduced as the fuel gas 8 In order to compensate for the shortage of heat per unit volume, the reforming mechanism 4 is controlled so as to increase the amount of heat per unit volume of the reformed gas 5 by suppressing the amount of air supplied as an oxidizing agent.

  Thus, by controlling the reforming mechanism 4, it is possible to appropriately control the amount of combustible components in the fuel gas 8, and the amount of trace components that cause air pollution, corrosion, and piping blockage.

  Next, the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 will be described. In this embodiment, the control means 12c is based on the component value measured by the gas analyzer 11, and is any one of pH of washing water, washing water flow rate, washing water temperature in the gas washing mechanism 6, or a combination of a plurality of them. To control.

  In the gas cleaning mechanism 6, the soluble acid or base in the reformed gas 5 is absorbed by the cleaning water 7, and the reformed gas 5 is cleaned and used as the fuel gas 8. The absorption efficiency of the acid or base varies depending on the concentration of the acid or base in the gas, the contact efficiency of the gas and water, that is, the gas amount and the washing water amount, the water temperature, the pH, and the like. For this reason, for example, by changing any one of pH of the gas cleaning mechanism, gas cleaning water flow rate, gas cleaning water temperature, or a plurality of combinations, the concentration of acid and base after gas cleaning also varies.

  Therefore, the control means 12c analyzes the composition of the fuel gas 8 after gas cleaning by the gas analyzer 11, and based on the composition data, the gas cleaning mechanism 6 reduces the amount of trace harmful components that become air pollution sources. To control. For this reason, the composition in the fuel gas to be analyzed by the gas analyzer 11 includes any of hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen chloride, ammonia, hydrogen cyanide, or a plurality of combinations.

  For example, regarding ammonia, when the amount of ammonia is large according to the analysis result by the gas analyzer 11, the measured value increases when the wash water 7 is alkaline because ammonia is alkaline. For this reason, the measured value of ammonia can be lowered by controlling the pH of the wash water 7 to make it acidic. However, when the wash water 7 is acidified, the measured value of hydrogen chloride increases. In this case, the measured value of hydrogen chloride is lowered by increasing the pH. And the place where the measured value of both of these became the lowest is the optimum pH, and wash water of this pH is used.

  In addition, since the amount of gas dissolved in water depends on the water temperature, for example, in the case described above, if the target pH is not reached even after cleaning at the optimum pH, the water temperature is lowered to absorb the gas. Increase the amount and control to achieve the target value.

  In this way, by controlling the reforming mechanism 4, it is possible to appropriately control the generation amount of trace components that cause air pollution, corrosion, and piping blockage in the fuel gas 8.

  Next, the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 will be described. In each of the above-described embodiments, the case where the thermal decomposition mechanism 2, the gas reforming mechanism 4, and the gas cleaning mechanism 6 are individually controlled based on the analysis result of the gas analyzer 11 has been described. In this embodiment, The control means 12abc controls the thermal decomposition mechanism 2, the gas reforming mechanism 4, and the gas cleaning mechanism 6 at the same time.

  That is, the control means 12abc controls each of the thermal decomposition mechanism 2, the reforming mechanism 4, and the gas cleaning mechanism 6 of the fuel gas 8 based on the composition of the fuel gas 8 after gas cleaning analyzed by the gas analyzer 11. Control to stabilize the amount of heat or to reduce the amount of harmful components that cause air pollution. Here, the composition in the fuel gas 8 to be analyzed includes any one of methane, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen chloride, ammonia, hydrogen cyanide, or a plurality of combinations.

  In this case, the control means 12abc, for the thermal decomposition mechanism 2, is based on the component values measured by the gas analyzer 11, and is based on the heat value, the temperature distribution during heating, the residence time, the waste supply amount, and the additive supply. Control any or a combination of quantities. For the reforming mechanism 4, any one of the oxidant supply amount, the oxidant type, the additive supply amount, the temperature distribution, the residence time, and the additive supply amount is determined based on the component value measured by the gas analyzer 11. Or a plurality of combinations are controlled. Furthermore, for the gas cleaning mechanism 6, based on the component value measured by the gas analyzer 11, any one or a combination of the pH of the cleaning water, the flow rate of the cleaning water, the temperature of the cleaning water is controlled.

  Thus, since each of the thermal decomposition mechanism 2, the reforming mechanism 4, and the gas cleaning mechanism 6 is controlled based on the composition of the fuel gas 8 analyzed by the gas analyzer 11, the processing cannot be completed with one mechanism. The compositions can also be processed in cooperation with each other, and the amount of flammable components in the fuel gas 8 and the amount of trace components that cause air pollution, corrosion, and piping blockage can be appropriately controlled.

  In the above embodiment, each of the thermal decomposition mechanism 2, the reforming mechanism 4, and the gas cleaning mechanism 6 is controlled based on the composition of the fuel gas 8 analyzed by the gas analyzer 11, but is shown in FIG. Thus, the control means 12ab controls the thermal decomposition mechanism 2 and the reforming mechanism 4, or the control means 12ac controls the thermal decomposition mechanism 2 and the gas cleaning mechanism 6 as shown in FIG. As shown by the above, the reforming mechanism 4 and the gas cleaning mechanism 6 may be controlled by the control means 12bc. Even in these cases, the composition in the fuel gas 8 to be analyzed by the gas analyzer 11 includes any one of methane, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen chloride, ammonia, hydrogen cyanide, or a plurality of combinations. It is.

  In any of these cases, since the mechanisms can be controlled in cooperation with each other, the amount of combustible components in the fuel gas 8 and the amount of trace components that cause air pollution, corrosion, and piping blockage are appropriately controlled. Can do.

  In each of the above-described embodiments, the composition analysis of the fuel gas 8 is performed by the gas analyzer 11. When this is viewed with respect to the air pollution source, hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen chloride, which are trace harmful components causing the air pollution source, Ammonia, hydrogen cyanide, etc. are measured. As a result of being used in a gas utilization facility (for example, a gas engine) 9, these components become sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, hydrogen chloride, and the like and are discharged together with exhaust gas. Therefore, these components in the exhaust gas can be directly measured and analyzed by the gas analyzer (component measuring means) 13 and controlled to reduce these components.

  That is, as shown in FIGS. 8 to 14, the gas analyzer 13 analyzes the components of the exhaust gas 10 from the gas utilization facility 9 using the fuel gas 8 as fuel, and the pyrolysis mechanism 2, reforming is performed based on the analysis result. Any one of the mechanism 4 and the gas cleaning mechanism 6, or each, or a combination thereof may be controlled.

  That is, each control means 12 uses the composition data of the exhaust gas 10 analyzed by the gas analyzer 13 and controls the corresponding mechanism so that a trace amount of harmful components that become air pollution sources is reduced based on the composition data. To do. In this case, the component to be measured and analyzed by the gas analyzer 13 includes any one of sulfur oxide, nitrogen oxide, and hydrogen chloride in the exhaust gas 10 or a combination thereof.

  Thus, since the exhaust gas 10 is directly measured by the gas analyzer 13 and each mechanism is controlled by the composition analysis result, the generation amount of the trace component that causes air pollution, corrosion, and piping blockage is appropriately controlled. Can do. Further, as the gas analyzer 13, a commercially available NOX meter or SOX meter can be used, and the cost can be reduced.

  Next, the embodiment shown in FIG. 15 will be described. In this embodiment, a desulfurization mechanism 14 is installed to remove hydrogen sulfide from the produced fuel gas 8. That is, the desulfurization mechanism 14 is provided on the downstream side of the gas cleaning mechanism 6 and removes hydrogen sulfide in the fuel gas 8. Further, a bypass means 15 is provided for the desulfurization mechanism 14 so that the path of the fuel gas 8 can be bypassed based on the component value measured by the gas analyzer 13 for the exhaust gas 10. In this case, the gas analyzer 11 measures sulfur oxide in the exhaust gas 10.

  Here, since hydrogen sulfide has low solubility in water, when the hydrogen sulfide concentration in the fuel gas 8 is high, the sulfur oxide concentration after combustion is reduced, and the power generation equipment such as a gas engine, a gas turbine, and a fuel cell is protected. Therefore, a desulfurization mechanism 14 is installed to remove hydrogen sulfide. As the desulfurization mechanism 14, for example, one that reduces hydrogen sulfide to sulfur with iron hydroxide or one that recovers hydrogen sulfide as a metal sulfide with a metal such as zinc or iron is known.

  As described above, the hydrogen sulfide concentration varies depending on the waste composition and the operating conditions of the upstream equipment. Therefore, the hydrogen sulfide concentration is very low and does not cause a problem, or a very small amount may be removed. Even in such a case, the fuel gas 8 must be passed through the desulfurization mechanism 14 simply by providing the desulfurization mechanism 14. This results in unnecessary deterioration of iron hydroxide or metal, or unnecessary power consumption.

  Accordingly, when the bypass means 15 is provided for the desulfurization mechanism 14 and the concentration of sulfur oxide in the exhaust gas 10 is sufficiently low by the gas analyzer 13, it is determined that the hydrogen sulfide concentration in the fuel gas 8 is low, and the fuel The gas 8 is bypassed without passing through the desulfurization mechanism 14. As a result, it is possible to prevent unnecessary deterioration of iron hydroxide, metal, etc. in the desulfurization mechanism 14 or to prevent unnecessary power consumption.

  Of course, as shown in FIG. 16, the fuel gas 8 may be analyzed by the gas analyzer 11, the hydrogen sulfide concentration in the fuel gas 8 may be directly measured, and the bypass means 15 may be controlled based on the result.

  As described above, the fuel gas produced by the waste treatment system can be supplied to a gas engine, a gas turbine, a fuel cell, etc. to generate electric power. By controlling any one of the thermal decomposition mechanism, gas reforming mechanism, gas cleaning mechanism or a combination thereof according to the analysis result, the composition of methane, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, etc. in the fuel gas 8 and the combustible gas component The amount of heat based on this can be maintained within a certain range, and the fuel gas utilization facility 9 can be stably operated. In addition, trace components such as hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen chloride, ammonia, and hydrogen cyanide that cause corrosion, piping clogging, and air pollution can be maintained within a certain range, and a favorable operating state can be obtained.

1 is a system configuration diagram showing an embodiment of a waste treatment system according to the present invention. It is a system configuration figure showing an embodiment which controls a gas reforming mechanism by fuel gas analysis result of the present invention. It is a system block diagram which shows embodiment which controls a gas cleaning mechanism by the fuel gas analysis result of this invention. 1 is a system configuration diagram showing an embodiment of controlling a thermal decomposition mechanism, a gas reforming mechanism, and a gas cleaning mechanism according to a fuel gas analysis result of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a system configuration diagram showing an embodiment of controlling a thermal decomposition mechanism and a gas reforming mechanism according to a fuel gas analysis result of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a system configuration diagram showing an embodiment of controlling a thermal decomposition mechanism and a gas cleaning mechanism according to a fuel gas analysis result of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a system configuration diagram showing an embodiment of controlling a gas reforming mechanism and a gas cleaning mechanism according to a fuel gas analysis result of the present invention. FIG. It is a system block diagram which shows embodiment which controls a thermal decomposition mechanism by the waste gas analysis result of this invention. It is a system block diagram which shows embodiment which controls a gas reforming mechanism by the exhaust gas analysis result of this invention. It is a system block diagram which shows embodiment which controls a gas cleaning mechanism by the waste gas analysis result of this invention. 1 is a system configuration diagram showing an embodiment of controlling a thermal decomposition mechanism, a gas reforming mechanism, and a gas cleaning mechanism according to an exhaust gas analysis result of the present invention. FIG. It is a system block diagram which shows embodiment which controls each a thermal decomposition mechanism and a gas reforming mechanism by the exhaust gas analysis result of this invention. It is a system configuration figure showing an embodiment which controls a thermal decomposition mechanism and a gas washing mechanism according to an exhaust gas analysis result of the present invention, respectively. 1 is a system configuration diagram showing an embodiment of controlling a gas reforming mechanism and a gas cleaning mechanism according to an exhaust gas analysis result of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a system configuration diagram showing an embodiment in which a desulfurization mechanism and its bypass means are provided and the bypass means is controlled according to an exhaust gas analysis result of the present invention. 1 is a system configuration diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention in which a desulfurization mechanism and its bypass means are provided and the bypass means is controlled based on a fuel gas analysis result.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Waste 2 Pyrolysis mechanism 3 Pyrolysis gas 4 Gas reforming mechanism 5 Reformed gas 6 Gas cleaning mechanism 7 Washing water 8 Fuel gas 9 Gas utilization facility 10 Exhaust gas 11 and 13 Component measurement means (gas analyzer)
12 Control means 14 Desulfurization mechanism 15 Bypass means

Claims (7)

A pyrolysis mechanism that heats and decomposes waste to generate pyrolysis gas; and a reforming mechanism that blows an oxidant into the pyrolysis gas and partially burns it to reform it in a high-temperature reducing atmosphere to form a reformed gas. The waste treatment system includes a gas cleaning mechanism that cleans the reformed gas with cleaning water to obtain fuel gas, and a gas utilization facility that uses the fuel gas as fuel to obtain a predetermined output and generate exhaust gas. And
Component measuring means for measuring any component of the fuel gas or exhaust gas;
Based on the component value measured by the component measuring means, the heating heat amount in the thermal decomposition mechanism, the temperature distribution at the time of heating, the residence time, the waste supply amount, the additive supply amount, or a combination thereof is controlled. Control means;
A waste treatment system comprising: A pyrolysis mechanism that heats and decomposes waste to generate pyrolysis gas; and a reforming mechanism that blows an oxidant into the pyrolysis gas and partially burns it to reform it in a high-temperature reducing atmosphere to form a reformed gas. The waste treatment system includes a gas cleaning mechanism that cleans the reformed gas with cleaning water to obtain fuel gas, and a gas utilization facility that uses the fuel gas as fuel to obtain a predetermined output and generate exhaust gas. And
Component measuring means for measuring any component of the fuel gas or exhaust gas;
Based on the component value measured by the component measuring means, the oxidizing agent supply amount, the oxidizing agent type, the additive supplying amount, the temperature distribution, the residence time, the additive supplying amount in the reforming mechanism, or a combination of a plurality thereof Control means for controlling
A waste treatment system comprising: A pyrolysis mechanism that heats and decomposes waste to generate pyrolysis gas; and a reforming mechanism that blows an oxidant into the pyrolysis gas and partially burns it to reform it in a high-temperature reducing atmosphere to form a reformed gas. The waste treatment system includes a gas cleaning mechanism that cleans the reformed gas with cleaning water to obtain fuel gas, and a gas utilization facility that uses the fuel gas as fuel to obtain a predetermined output and generate exhaust gas. And
Component measuring means for measuring any component of the fuel gas or exhaust gas;
Based on the component value measured by this component measuring means, at least the pH of the cleaning water in the gas cleaning mechanism, the flow rate of the cleaning water, the temperature of the cleaning water, or a control means for controlling a plurality of combinations,
A waste treatment system comprising: The control means
A function of controlling any one or a combination of an oxidizing agent supply amount, an oxidizing agent type, an additive supply amount, a temperature distribution, a residence time, and an additive supply amount in the reforming mechanism;
A function of controlling any one of pH of washing water, washing water flow rate, washing water temperature, or a plurality of combinations in the gas washing mechanism;
The waste treatment system according to claim 1, comprising either or both of the above. The control means
The waste treatment system according to claim 2, further comprising a function of controlling any one of pH of washing water, washing water flow rate, washing water temperature, or a plurality of combinations in the gas washing mechanism. A pyrolysis mechanism that heats and decomposes waste to generate pyrolysis gas; and a reforming mechanism that blows an oxidant into the pyrolysis gas and partially burns it to reform it in a high-temperature reducing atmosphere to form a reformed gas. The waste treatment system includes a gas cleaning mechanism that cleans the reformed gas with cleaning water to obtain fuel gas, and a gas utilization facility that uses the fuel gas as fuel to obtain a predetermined output and generate exhaust gas. And
Component measuring means for measuring any component of the fuel gas or exhaust gas;
A desulfurization device that is provided downstream of the gas cleaning mechanism and removes hydrogen sulfide in the fuel gas;
Based on the component value measured by the component measuring means, bypass means for bypassing the fuel gas path to the desulfurization device;
A waste treatment system comprising:   The component measured by the component measuring device includes any one of methane, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen chloride, ammonia, hydrogen cyanide, or a combination of a plurality of fuel gases, or sulfur oxidation of exhaust gas. The waste treatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the waste treatment system includes any one of a material, a nitrogen oxide, and hydrogen chloride, or a combination thereof.

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