JP2006085466A - Design support device and usage for it - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a design support device having a material characteristic evaluation curve applicable to a plurality of production lots as secondary data and a design support method for easily and properly making a selection among a various material types/characteristics only by inputting design specifications. <P>SOLUTION: This design support device is constructed of a design specification input means 11 inputting design specifications, a material characteristic selection means 12 selecting material characteristics matching the design specifications, a material characteristic calculation means deciding material specifications from the material characteristics selected by the material characteristic selection means 18 and creating an individual index for a design material by using an index standardized for the specifications to calculate material characteristics, a material/design selection means comparing the calculated material characteristics with the decided material specifications to select optimum material and design condition, and a display means 19 displaying a selection result of the optimum material and design condition. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to design support technology that supports structural design of mechanical structures and the like, and in particular, design support that can easily select an appropriate material type / material for structural design using a material / material database. The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for using the same.

  The material database is used for structural design of machine structures and the like. The construction and maintenance of a material database is extremely important in the development of new materials, the optimal use of materials, and the selection of optimal materials. By accumulating and standardizing the accumulated and maintained material information in the material database and transmitting it as electronic information, it is possible to communicate with society in a variety of ways and to accurately grasp the needs of society.

  Raw data (actual measurement data: primary data) of materials and materials converted into electronic information is processed by search engines and analysis tools, and the material information desired by the designer is displayed and transmitted as an interface or the Internet as graphs or numerical values. , Available to users.

  Representative material and material databases in Japan include the Creep Data Sheet and Fatigue Data Sheet of the National Institute for Materials Science (see Non-Patent Document 1). This substance and material database includes power plant equipment and nuclear reactor equipment. At first, it is referred to strength design in the structural design of machine structures in various fields.

  Further, a system for selecting which existing material is the most suitable material for a desired combination of properties has also been developed with respect to a method for retrieving substance / material data desired by a designer (see, for example, Patent Document 1). The product is designed to be easy for designers to use and shortens product development time.

On the other hand, various characteristics of the material are not unambiguous, and even if the same kind of material is used, variations occur depending on the manufacturing date and the manufacturing environment conditions. Due to the variation in material properties, the optimal approximate master curve and the statistical confidence interval data of material properties are often used for structural design of mechanical structures and the like.
JP 2004-145879 A Proceedings of the 52nd Academic Lecture Meeting, “New Development of Materials Database in National Institute for Materials Science,” National Institute for Materials Science Masayoshi Yamazaki, May 17th (Sat), 18th, 2003 (Japan), Japan Society for Materials Science

  When designing the structure of a mechanical structure, the primary obstacle for the designer to effectively and easily use the substance / material database is how to use the primary data (measured raw data) of the parts / materials. If processed, material information that conforms to the structural design can be obtained or not well understood.

  In addition, even if the parts and materials used in the structural design are the same type of materials, the material characteristics differ from production lot to production lot, so there is an increase in variation due to uniform statistical analysis of parts and materials with different material characteristics. This is an obstacle to streamlining and speeding up the design.

  The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-described circumstances, and includes a standardized evaluation curve of material characteristics applicable to a plurality of production lots as secondary data. It is an object of the present invention to provide a design support apparatus and a method of using the same that can easily and accurately select an appropriate material from material characteristics.

  Another object of the present invention is to use a secondary database of material properties that is useful for appropriate utilization of materials and selection of optimal materials, evaluate risks, and select appropriate materials for design target devices, parts, and members. Another object of the present invention is to provide a design support apparatus capable of supporting structural design quickly and accurately and a method of using the same.

  Another object of the present invention is not only to input design specifications, but also to select and display the optimal combination of materials and designs, and to easily and efficiently select the optimal materials to perform structural design simply and reliably. The present invention provides a design support apparatus and a method of using the same.

  In order to solve the above-described problem, the design support apparatus according to the present invention, as described in claim 1, corresponds to the design specification input means for inputting the items and design conditions required by the design specification, and corresponds to the design specification. Material property selection means for selecting material properties to be selected, a design-material relation database for selecting and instructing material property items to be searched when selecting material properties, and a material specification database storing material specification items necessary for material production And a material property primary database storing raw data of measured material properties, a material property master curve obtained by processing the raw data of the material properties, and standardizing with material specification parameters, and a material property 2 storing statistical indices Refer to the material specification parameter of the material specification database for the material specification selected by the next database and the material property selection means, and specify the material specification. Material property calculation means that calculates material properties used for design by creating material property master curves and statistical indexes for individual materials using material property master curves and statistical indexes that are standardized to this material specification Material / design selection means for selecting the optimum material and design conditions by collating the determined material properties with the determined material specifications, and a display means for displaying the selection result of the optimum material and design conditions. is there.

  Further, in order to solve the above-described problem, the design support apparatus according to the present invention is characterized in that, as described in claim 2, the design specification input means includes the shape dimensions of the design target device, part or member and the use conditions thereof. The material characteristic calculation means determines the material specification by referring to the material specification database in accordance with the allowable range condition for the above-described shape dimensions and use conditions, and the material characteristic secondary database is included in this material specification. The material specification range is calculated from the material characteristic amount range, and the material / design selection means is configured to select a material used for the design that satisfies the calculated material specification range.

  In order to solve the above-described problem, the design support apparatus according to the present invention provides a material specification determined by the material property calculating means as described in claim 3, wherein the material specification is a room temperature tensile strength, a room temperature tensile strength, or a hardness. The calculated material property quantity is high-temperature tensile strength or high-temperature tensile strength, and the correlation function numerical data represented by the master curve of the standardized material property of the material property secondary database indicates the high-temperature tensile strength at room temperature. The relationship between the normalized tensile strength divided by the tensile strength and the operating temperature, or the relationship between the normalized tensile strength and the operating temperature obtained by dividing the high-temperature tensile strength by the room temperature tensile strength, or the relationship when normalized by the hardness, respectively, is optimal. It is an approximate coefficient value, and the design requirement for the material characteristic amount at the time of using the material is an allowable tensile strength or an allowable proof stress and an operating temperature. As described Motomeko 4, it is to use a numerical data of the high-temperature tensile strength and room temperature the ratio of the tensile strength or high-temperature tensile strength and hardness of the ratio and the coefficient determined by the optimum approximation of the temperature relationship.

  On the other hand, in order to solve the above-described problem, the design support apparatus according to the present invention calculates the material specification determined by the material property calculating means as room temperature tensile strength as described in claim 5. The material characteristic amount is the creep rupture strength, and the correlation function numerical data represented by the standardized material property master curve of the material property secondary database is the normalized creep rupture strength obtained by dividing the creep rupture strength by the room temperature tensile strength. Is a coefficient value of an equation when the relationship between the temperature and the operating temperature is optimally approximated, and the design requirement for the material property amount in use of the material is the creep strength and the operating temperature.

  Furthermore, in order to solve the above-described problem, the design support apparatus according to the present invention is calculated as described in claim 6, wherein the material specification determined by the material property calculating means is room temperature tensile strength. The material characteristic quantity is the creep strain rate, and the correlation function numerical data represented by the standardized material property master curve of the material property secondary database is the creep strain rate, the ratio of the used stress and room temperature tensile strength, This is the coefficient value of the equation when the temperature relationship is optimally approximated, and the design specification for the material characteristic amount is the deformation amount of the structural member for the predetermined period of use calculated from the creep strain rate. .

  Further, in order to solve the above-described problem, the design support apparatus according to the present invention has a material specification determined by the material property calculating means as described in claim 7, wherein the material specifications are room temperature tensile strength and room temperature Young's modulus. Yes, the calculated material property quantity is the relationship between the elastic strain range and plastic strain range in fatigue and the number of breaks, and the correlation function coefficient value data represented by the material property master curve normalized in the material property secondary database is: This is a coefficient value when the elastic strain range is multiplied by the Young's modulus at the operating temperature and divided by the tensile strength at the operating temperature and the relationship between the number of fractures or the relationship between the plastic strain range and the number of failures optimally approximated. The design specification condition for the material characteristic amount is the corrected elastic strain range and plastic strain range, or the total strain range, and the number of breaks with respect to the operating temperature. And it is characterized in and.

  Furthermore, in order to solve the above-described problem, the design support apparatus according to the present invention provides the material specification determined by the material property calculation means as described in claim 8 with room temperature tensile strength and room temperature Young's modulus. Yes, the calculated material property quantity is the elastic strain range and plastic strain range in the cyclic stress / strain property, or the total strain range and stress range, and is represented by the standardized material property master curve of the material property secondary database. Correlation numerical data optimally approximated the relationship between the elastic strain range and the plastic strain range, or the total strain range, and the normalized stress range divided by the Young's modulus in the stress range and operating temperature and the tensile strength in the operating temperature of the stress range. The design specification condition for the material characteristic amount is the total coefficient obtained from the cyclic stress / strain characteristics and the temperature / stress range during use. It is characterized in that it is seen range or the range of plastic strain.

  Furthermore, in order to solve the above-described problem, the design support apparatus according to the present invention provides, as described in claim 9, the material specifications determined by the material property calculating means include an impact value and a fracture surface transition temperature. And the preexisting defect dimensions, the material characteristic amounts are the stress, temperature and fracture mechanics parameters used, and the correlation numerical data represented by the standardized material property master curve in the material property secondary database is the fracture toughness value. Is the coefficient value obtained by optimally approximating the relationship between the value obtained by dividing the upper shelf toughness value obtained from the impact value and the fracture surface transition temperature, or the relationship between the value obtained by dividing the stress intensity factor by the tensile strength and the crack growth rate. The design condition for the material characteristic amount is a crack size for a predetermined time or number of times, a fracture mechanics parameter for the crack size, and a fracture toughness value.

  On the other hand, in order to solve the above-described problem, the design support apparatus according to the present invention is characterized in that, as described in claim 10, the material property calculation means uses a material specification to be determined and a material property to be calculated based on a material. The probability distribution characteristic for damage or damage of the device is expressed as an unreliability function as a function of the operation time or the number of start-ups of the equipment, and the coefficient of the functional equation is calculated. A cost / risk evaluation unit is provided between the cost database and the cost / risk evaluation unit. Further, there is provided a material / design selection means for selecting the optimum material by performing the evaluation based on the risk and the determination based on the cost.

  In order to solve the above-described problem, the design support apparatus according to the present invention is characterized in that, as described in claim 11, the material property calculation means includes the material property at the time of manufacture with respect to the material specification for one or more types of materials. The statistical distribution of the quantity and the statistical distribution of the ratio of the estimated value obtained from the experimental value and the correlation numerical data for the material characteristic quantity are obtained in advance, and the cost / risk evaluation means uses the standard value for the material characteristic quantity during production. Calculate the probability of not satisfying the design requirement for the material usage characteristic amount of the target device, part or member at that time, and multiplying it with the amount of damage at that time to calculate the risk. A material / design selection means selects the kind of material that becomes

  Furthermore, in order to solve the above-described problem, a design support apparatus according to the present invention is based on the design specification input means, the display means, and the approval input for the material / design selection result as described in claim 12. Billing means for billing is coupled to the server side including the material property selection means, material property calculation means, and material / design selection means via a network.

  Further, in order to solve the above-described problem, the method for using the design support apparatus according to the present invention includes a step of inputting a design specification required by a design item, and an input design, as described in claim 13. Selecting a material characteristic corresponding to the specification with reference to the material characteristic item of the design-material relational database, and determining a material specification with reference to the material specification item of the material specification database from the selected material characteristic Referring to the material characteristic master curve and the statistical index normalized by the material specification parameter of the material characteristic secondary database, taking in the material characteristic master curve and the statistical index of the individual material, and calculating the material characteristic used for the design And selecting the optimum material and design conditions by comparing the determined material specifications with the calculated material properties Is a method and a step of displaying a selection result of the optimal materials and design conditions.

  In the design support apparatus and the method of using the same according to the present invention, a standardized evaluation curve of material characteristics that can be applied to a plurality of production lots is provided as secondary data. It is possible to easily and accurately select an appropriate material from among the materials, and further evaluate the risks using a secondary database of material properties that is useful for the appropriate use of materials and the selection of the optimal materials. It has the excellent effect of selecting the optimal material for the design target device, parts, and members and supporting the structural design quickly and accurately.

  In addition, in the design support apparatus and the method of using the same according to the present invention, not only the design specification is input, but the optimum combination of material and design is selected and displayed, and the optimum material is easily and efficiently selected for structural design. Can be carried out simply and reliably.

  Embodiments of a design support apparatus and a method of using the same according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a block diagram schematically showing a first embodiment of a design support apparatus according to the present invention. The design support apparatus 10 corresponds to a design specification input means 11 for inputting items and numerical values (design conditions) required by the design specification in the structural design of the design target device or product / part / member, and the design specification. Material property selection means 12 for selecting material properties, design-material relationship database 13 referred to when selecting material properties, material specifications of the selected material are determined, and material properties (quantity) used for design are calculated. The material property calculation unit 14 to be used, and the material property database 15 and the material property secondary database 16 to be referred to when the material property (quantity) is calculated by the calculation unit 14, and the material property secondary database 16 are derived. Material primary database 17 storing raw material / material raw data (actual measurement data: primary data), and material calculated by material characteristic calculation means 14 The material and design selection means 18 by matching design specifications determined a characteristic for selecting a best materials and design conditions, and a display unit 19 for image display to the selection result.

  The design specification input means 11 stores structural design specifications relating to the target device or product, for example, design use items of the part category 21 and the use condition category 22 of the design object as an index as shown in FIG. , 22 are displayed on the display means 19 such as a personal computer screen. The design specification items of the component category 21 include, for example, design objects (material specifications) items of the pressure vessel 23, the piping 24, the rotary shaft 25, the sliding component 26, the seal component 27, and the mechanism component 28. The design specification items include material characteristic items such as a use stress 31 such as an internal pressure, a use temperature 32, a required life 33, a deformation limit 34, a weight 35, and a cost 36. By determining a specific design specification item from among the component categories 21 of the design specification input means 11, a device or component that is a design object is selected, and by determining a design specification item of the use condition category 32, the device or component to be designed is selected. The usage conditions are selected.

  Each item of the component category 21 and the use condition category 22 is displayed by the display means 19, and selection of each displayed item and input of a desired numerical range (design specification) are performed by the design specification input means 11. Selection of each design specification item and input of a numerical value range are performed by keyboard operation or mouse / touch panel operation.

  Based on the design specification items input by the design specification input means 11 and the design specification data in the numerical range, the material characteristic selection means 12 refers to the design-material relation database 13 and selects the material characteristics.

  The design-material relation database 13 has a search engine function as a design-material relation index dictionary. Each design specification item (individual item shown in FIG. 2) of the component category 21 and the use condition category 22 is provided. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3, the item of the material characteristic 40 required for the structural design is prepared as an index. The material property items include individual index items such as tensile property 41, creep rupture property 42, creep deformation property 43, low cycle fatigue property 44, crack growth property 45, fracture toughness 46, and the like. Numerical data relating to specific material characteristics is not input to each item of the material characteristics 40.

  From the material specification items necessary for the structural design, the material characteristics of the individual items corresponding to the combination of the part category 21 and the use condition category 22 are selected, and the material characteristics 40 are prepared by the material characteristics selection means 12.

  In the design-material relational database 13 referred to by the material property selection means 12, for example, in the case of equipment that is used at a high temperature with internal pressure applied, individual material property items such as a tensile property 41, a creep rupture property 42, and a creep deformation property 43 are selected. The fatigue characteristic 44 is selected for a device to which a repeated load is applied. For equipment premised on using cracks, material characteristics items such as crack growth characteristics and fracture toughness 46 are selected.

  When a material property item is selected by the material property selection unit 12 with reference to the design-material relationship database 13, the material property item is sent to the material property calculation unit 14 and used for designing the selected material. Is calculated.

  When the material characteristic 40 is selected, the material characteristic calculation unit 14 refers to the material specification database 15 and prepares material specification information 48 at the time of manufacturing the necessary material. In the material specification database 15, as material specification items, for example, items of a material name 50, a chemical component range 51, a heat treatment range 52, a tensile property range 53, a hardness range 54, and an impact value range 55 are stored as indexes. .

  Specifically, when a specific material for the target device or product is selected in the part category 21 and a material use specification is selected in the use condition category 22, the design-material relation database 13 specifies the specific item of the material characteristic. For example, necessary material property items are selected to take into account tensile properties, creep rupture properties, and creep deformation properties, and instruct them to apply these material property items. The instructed material property item is sent from the material property selection unit 12 to the material property calculation unit 14.

  When the material characteristic item is selected by the material characteristic selection unit 12, the material characteristic calculation unit 14 shown in FIG. 4 selects the material specification item at the time of manufacturing the necessary material with reference to the material specification specification in the material specification database 15. Thus, material specification information 48 is determined. A typical material specification parameter in the material specification item is, for example, the tensile strength of piping at room temperature.

  When the material specification information 48 is determined by the material characteristic calculation means 14, the material characteristic master curve and the statistical index (hereinafter referred to as the standardized index) normalized by the material specification parameter with reference to the material characteristic secondary database 16 are referred to. 58 is used to calculate a material characteristic master curve and statistical index (hereinafter referred to as individualized index) 59 relating to the individual material.

  The material characteristic secondary database 16 stores a standardized index 58 normalized by material specification parameters. The material characteristic items of the standardized index 58 include, for example, a tensile characteristic 60, a creep rupture characteristic 61, and a creep deformation characteristic. 62, fatigue characteristics 63, crack propagation characteristics 64, fracture toughness 65, etc. for one or more materials. In the material property secondary database 16, the standardized index 58 for each material property item 60 to 65 is stored and stored as a standardized evaluation curve.

  The material property secondary database 16 is stored in the material property primary database 17 and the stored raw data (material property actual measurement data) is sent and processed to obtain a standardized evaluation curve that is universally standardized. Material property master curves and statistical indicators 58 are created and recorded.

  From each standardized index 58 of the material characteristics stored in the secondary database 16 of the material characteristics, a standardized material characteristic master curve and statistical indices such as standard deviation and confidence interval are selected, and the standardized index 58 is selected as an individual material. Is converted into a material characteristic master curve and a statistical index (individual index) 59 relating to the individual material, and the material characteristic of the individual material is calculated.

  As described above, the various standardized material characteristic master curves and the statistical index 58 as standardized evaluation curves stored in the material characteristic secondary database 16 are the individual materials given as the material specification information 48 in the material characteristic calculation means 14. Are converted into a material characteristic master curve and a statistical index 59 of a specific individual material.

  The material characteristics calculated using the material characteristic master curve and the statistical index 59 of the specific individual material and the determined material specifications are sent to the material / design selection means 18. The material / design selection means 18 selects an individual material and a design condition by collating the calculated material characteristic of the individual index 59 with the determined material specification.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the material / design selection means 18 converts the material characteristics necessary for the design into design parameters, and displays a plurality of materials A, B, C, and D using the design / material selection map 68. Is displayed.

  In the material / design selection means 18, for example, in the case of an internal pressure member such as a pipe, the ratio between the working pressure and the internal / external radius of the member is displayed with respect to the design temperature, and the design is made from the design range 69 given by the design specification. It is possible to easily select a material in the range and a design condition determined when the material is used (a design range is limited).

  According to this design support apparatus 10, it is possible to select and display the optimum combination of material and design simply by inputting a design specification, and it is easy and reliable to select a material in a structural design without being an expert. be able to.

[Function to convert standardized material property master curves and statistical indicators into individual materials]
From the material characteristic master curve and statistical index (standardized index) 58 as the standardized evaluation curve in the material characteristic secondary database 16 of the design support apparatus 10 to the material characteristic master curve and statistical index 59 (individual index) of the individual material The conversion function will be described.

  The material characteristic secondary database 16 stores a material characteristic master curve and a statistical index (standardized index) 50 as a standardized evaluation curve that is universally standardized by material specification parameters. The material characteristic items of the standardization index 50 include, for example, a material tensile characteristic 60, a creep rupture characteristic 61, a creep deformation characteristic 62, a fatigue characteristic 63, a crack propagation characteristic 64, and a fracture toughness 65. Statistical indicators are shown in FIGS.

6 to 12 represent master curves M _{1 to} M ₇ and probability distribution curves S _{1 to} S ₇ as standardized evaluation curves normalized with respect to material characteristics, respectively.

Figure 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the tensile strength ratio and temperature, shows the material properties master curves M ₁ normalized regarding tensile strength. The tensile strength ratio is the ratio of the tensile strength at each temperature to the tensile strength at room temperature, and is a temperature power polynomial (a ₀ + a ₁ T + a ₂ T ² + a ₃ T ³ : where a _{0 to} a ₃ are constants, T is Temperature).

  Actual measured numerical data (primary data which is raw data) of each material is stored in advance in the material property primary database 17, and by processing the stored primary data, the tensile strength of the material is processed. Secondary data is created as a standardized evaluation curve.

The item of tensile property 60 of the secondary material property database 16 includes, for each material, the coefficient value of the power polynomial of the temperature and the standard deviation of the ratio of the actually measured tensile strength ratio and the estimated tensile strength ratio (in the case of normal distribution). or shape parameter (for Weibull distribution) is stored as the probability distribution curve S _1. The estimated tensile strength ratio value is a value estimated as the median value of the material property master curve M ₁ , and the probability distribution curve S ₁ is used for transmission / reception of the material specification information 48 of the material property calculation means 14.

  In this design support apparatus 10, the material specification determined by the material property calculating means 14 is room temperature tensile strength, room temperature tensile strength or hardness, and the calculated material property amount is high temperature tensile strength or high temperature tensile strength. The correlation function numerical data represented by the standardized material property master curve in the material property secondary database 16 is the relationship between the normalized tensile strength obtained by dividing the high temperature tensile strength by the room temperature tensile strength and the operating temperature, or the high temperature tensile strength at room temperature. It is a coefficient value that optimally approximates the relationship between the normalized tensile strength divided by the tensile strength and the operating temperature, or the relationship when normalized by hardness, and the design requirement for the material characteristic amount when using the material is the allowable tensile Strength or allowable yield strength and operating temperature are used.

  The design support apparatus 10 uses numerical data of a coefficient obtained by an optimum approximation of the ratio between the high temperature tensile strength and the room temperature tensile strength or the relationship between the high temperature tensile strength and the hardness and the temperature.

  Note that. In FIG. 6, the same processing can be performed by using proof stress or hardness instead of tensile strength.

Figure 7 shows the material properties master curve M ₂ as normalized evaluation curve normalized showing the relationship between the normalized stress and creep rupture life. The normalized stress is a ratio of acting stress and room temperature tensile strength, and the creep rupture life is a rupture time or a parameter combining the rupture time and temperature. A typical parameter combining the rupture time and temperature is the Larson-Miller parameter, which is calculated as T (absolute temperature) × {C (constant) + logtr (logarithm of creep rupture time)}.

Normalized stress (or its logarithm) is represented as a polynomial of creep rupture life (or its logarithm), statistical distributions are calculated for creep rupture life, is represented by a probability distribution curve S _2.

Actually measured numerical data in various material tests as original primary data is stored in advance in the material property primary database 17, but without accessing the material property primary database 17 each time, it is stored in the material property secondary database 16. the items in creep rupture properties 61, material property master curve M ₂ and the probability distribution curve S ₂ on creep rupture life created in advance by data processing of the primary data is stored.

The material properties master curve M _2, for each material, and the coefficient values of the polynomial, the ratio of the standard creep rupture life actual value and the creep rupture life estimate (i.e. the estimated value as the center value of the material property master curve M ₂₎ deviation (for a normal distribution) or shape parameter (for Weibull distribution) is stored as the probability distribution curve S _2, is used to exchange information with the material characteristics calculator 14.

  In the design support apparatus 10, the material specification determined by the material property calculating means 14 is room temperature tensile strength, and the calculated material property amount is creep rupture strength. The correlation function numerical data represented by the standardized material property master curve in the material property secondary database 16 is an equation obtained by optimally approximating the relationship between the normalized creep rupture strength obtained by dividing the creep rupture strength by the room temperature tensile strength and the service temperature. As a design requirement for the material characteristic amount at the time of use of the material, creep strength and use temperature are used.

FIG. 8 discloses a normalized material property master curve M ₃ and its probability distribution curve S ₃ showing the relationship between the creep rate (change rate of creep strain per unit time) and the normalized stress.

The creep rate is expressed by a power expression of normalized stress, and is further multiplied by a term representing temperature dependence. The coefficient and index of the relationship between the creep rate and the normalized stress, and the coefficient of the temperature dependence term are stored in the material property secondary database 16. Material property master curve M ₃ representing the statistical distribution appearing as variations of the creep rate.

  In this design support apparatus 10, the material specification determined by the material property calculating means 14 is room temperature tensile strength, and the calculated material property quantity is a creep strain rate. The correlation function numerical data represented by the standardized material property master curve of the material property secondary database 16 is an equation obtained by optimally approximating the relationship between the creep strain rate, the ratio of the use stress and the room temperature tensile strength, and the use temperature. As the design specification for the material characteristic amount, the deformation amount of the structural member with respect to the predetermined use period calculated from the creep strain rate is used.

Figure 9 shows the material properties master curve M ₄ and a probability distribution curve S ₄ obtained by normalizing the relationship damage number of fatigue normalized strain range in fatigue. The normalized strain range is obtained by multiplying the elastic strain range (%) by the Young's modulus at each temperature (expressed as a longitudinal elastic modulus, a polynomial of a power of temperature), and further the tensile strength at each temperature (from the relationship of FIG. (Calculated as a function of room temperature tensile strength), multiplied by a coefficient for adjustment (eg, 1/100) and the plastic strain range (%).

The normalized strain range is expressed as the sum of power of the number of breakage, and the coefficient and index values are stored in the material property secondary database 16. Probability distribution curve S ₄ representing the statistical distribution taken damage number side, represents a statistical distribution of damage number.

  In this design support apparatus 10, the material specifications determined by the material property calculating means 14 are the room temperature tensile strength and the room temperature Young's modulus, and the calculated material property values are the elastic strain range and the plastic strain range in fatigue and the number of failures. It is a relationship. Correlation function coefficient value data expressed by the standardized material property master curve in the material property secondary database 16 is obtained by multiplying the elastic strain range by the Young's modulus at the service temperature and dividing by the tensile strength at the service temperature and the damage. This is a coefficient value when the relationship between the number of times or the relationship between the plastic strain range and the number of breakage is optimally approximated. The design specification conditions for the material property amount are the modified elastic strain range and the plastic strain range, or the total strain range. The number of breaks with respect to temperature is used.

  Further, in the design support apparatus 10, the material specifications determined by the material property calculating means 14 are room temperature tensile strength and room temperature Young's modulus, and the calculated material property values are the elastic strain range and plastic strain in the cyclic stress / strain characteristics. Range, or the total strain and stress range. The correlation numerical data represented by the standardized material property master curve of the material property secondary database 16 includes the elastic strain range and the plastic strain range, or the total strain range, and the use of the Young's modulus and the stress range at the stress range and operating temperature. This is a coefficient value obtained by optimally approximating the relationship of the normalized stress range divided by the tensile strength at temperature. The design specification conditions for the material characteristic amount are all obtained from the cyclic stress / strain characteristics and the temperature / stress range during use. A strain range or a plastic strain range may be used.

Figure 10 shows normalized showing the relationship between the amplitude and strain normalized stress amplitude related to repetitive stress-strain properties of fatigue and material properties master curve M ₅ and the probability distribution curve S _5, respectively. The normalized stress amplitude is a value obtained by dividing the stress amplitude by the tensile strength or yield strength at each temperature. At this time, the strain amplitude is expressed as the sum of the power of the normalized stress amplitude, and the coefficient value and the index value at that time are stored in the material property secondary database 16. Probability distribution curve S ₅ representing the statistical distribution takes on the side of the normalized stress amplitude represents the statistical distribution of the normalized stress amplitude.

Figure 11 represents the material properties master curve M ₆ and the probability distribution curve S ₆ obtained by normalizing showing the crack growth rate when the normalized stress intensity factor (rate of change of裂寸method Ki per unit time) relating to crack propagation respectively Yes.

The normalized stress intensity factor is a value obtained by dividing the stress intensity factor by the tensile strength at each temperature. The crack growth rate is expressed as a power of a normalized stress intensity factor, and the coefficient and index value are stored in the material property secondary database 16. For a probability distribution curve S ₆ feeling crack growth rate side representing the statistical distribution, which represents a statistical distribution of crack growth rates.

FIG. 12 shows a material characteristic master curve M ₇ and a probability distribution curve S ₇ which show the relationship between the normalized fracture toughness and the normalized temperature related to the fracture from the crack, respectively.

Normalized fracture toughness is the value obtained by dividing the fracture toughness by the upper shelf fracture toughness value, and the upper shelf fracture toughness value is calculated from a relationship that has been experimentally obtained in advance as a function of the impact value. . As the normalization temperature, a value obtained by subtracting the temperature at which the brittle fracture surface ratio of the impact fracture surface is 50%, that is, the ductile-brittle transition temperature, is used from the actual temperature. A polynomial coefficient and an index representing the relationship between the normalized fracture toughness value and the normalized temperature are stored in the material property secondary database (6). Probability distribution curve S ₇ representing the statistical distribution for the normalized fracture toughness side represents the statistical distribution of fracture toughness.

In this design support apparatus 10, various standardized material property master curves M _{1 to} M ₇ stored in the material property item of the material property secondary database 16 are specification values given as material specification information in the material property calculation means 14. Is converted into a master curve of absolute values of material characteristics corresponding to individual specifications, that is, a master curve of individual materials.

  In this design support apparatus, the material specifications determined by the material property calculation means 14 are the impact value, the fracture surface transition temperature, and the preexisting defect size, and the material property values are the use stress, the use temperature, and the fracture mechanics parameter. The correlation numerical data represented by the standardized material property master curve in the material property secondary database 16 is the relationship between the fracture toughness value divided by the upper shelf toughness value obtained from the impact value and the fracture surface transition temperature, or The coefficient value obtained by optimally approximating the relationship between the value obtained by dividing the stress intensity factor by the tensile strength and the crack growth rate, and the design condition for the material characteristic amount is the crack size for a given time or number of times and the fracture for that crack size. Mechanical parameters and fracture toughness values are used.

  Next, the operation of the design support apparatus according to the present invention will be described.

  The method of using the design support apparatus 10 includes a step of inputting a design specification required by a design item, a material characteristic corresponding to the input design specification, referring to a material characteristic item of the design-material relation database 13. A step of selecting, a step of determining a material specification by referring to a material specification item of the material specification database 15 from the selected material property, and a material characteristic master curve normalized by a material specification parameter of the material characteristic secondary database 16 Referring to the statistical index 58, the material characteristic master curve of the individual material and the statistical index 59 are taken in, and the step of calculating the material characteristic used for the design is compared with the determined material specification and the calculated material characteristic. To select the optimum material and design conditions and to display the results of selecting the optimum material and design conditions. Tsu and a flop.

  FIG. 13 shows a second embodiment of the design support apparatus and the method for using the same according to the present invention.

  The design support apparatus 10A shown in this embodiment is provided with a cost / risk calculation means 70 between the material characteristic calculation means 14 and the material / design selection means 18 of the design support apparatus 10 shown in FIG. The cost / risk calculation means 70 is inputted with the correspondence data between the material and the cost from the cost database 71 and the cost is calculated, and the determination based on the cost and risk evaluation is performed.

  Since the other configuration of the design support apparatus 10A is not different from the design support apparatus 10 shown in FIG. 1, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.

  In the cost database 71 of the design support apparatus 10A shown in FIG. 13, for example, correspondence table format data indicating the relationship between materials and their costs is stored as a cost table, while the amount of damage when the material is destroyed is shown. It is stored as data corresponding to the component category 21 and material characteristic items.

  Further, in the material characteristic calculation means 14, the probability distribution characteristic with respect to the breakage or damage of the material is expressed as a function of the operation time or start-up time of the design equipment as a function of the cumulative probability of failure, that is, an unreliability function. Is calculated.

In cost and risk calculation means 70, for example, as shown in FIG. 14, while the probability distribution curve S _L in the master curve M _L and design life of the material life curve showing the relationship between the stress of the material σ and material life L _T is represented cumulative failure probability curve I _C showing the relationship between the cumulative failure probability I _P and the material life L _T of the material is stored as a degree of unreliability function, are recorded.

  The cost / risk calculation means 70 calls the damage amount from the cost table of the cost database 71, and multiplies the damage amount by a material-specific failure probability, for example, a cumulative failure probability that causes 10% breakage after 100,000 hours of operation. Ask for risk.

  In addition, if it is planned to repair the design equipment to prevent risks, set the risk so that the risk is reset every time the design equipment parts are repaired over the entire period of use. .

  In the material / design selection means 18, the total amount obtained by adding the risk cost, the cumulative value of repair costs, and the initial cost in the cost / risk evaluation means 70 to the material selection candidates on the design / material selection map of FIG. However, the material and design conditions under the lowest possible conditions are selected and determined.

  According to this design support apparatus 10A, not only selecting the optimum combination of material and design conditions only from the material characteristics and design specifications, but also considering the viewpoint of cost and risk, the optimum combination of materials and design conditions is selected. It is possible to select and display, and the structural design can be performed simply, reliably and accurately without being a material specialist.

  In this design support apparatus 10A, the material property calculation means 14 for one or more types of materials, the statistical distribution of the material property value during production with respect to the material specification, and the estimated value obtained from the experimental value and the correlation numerical data for the material property value. The statistical distribution of the ratio is obtained in advance. The cost / risk evaluation means 70 calculates the probability that the material property quantity during manufacture does not satisfy the standard value and the probability that the design requirement for the material use characteristic quantity of the device to be designed at that time will not be satisfied, and the amount of damage at that time And the risk is calculated, and the material / design selection means 18 selects the material type that minimizes this risk.

  FIG. 16 shows a third embodiment of the design support apparatus and the method for using the same according to the present invention.

  The design support apparatus 10B shown in this embodiment is obtained by connecting the client 75 side and the server 76 side via a communication network 77 such as the Internet, and has the same configuration as the design support apparatus 10 shown in FIG. Are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.

  The design support apparatus 10B shown in FIG. 16 includes a design specification input unit 11 and a display unit 19 on the client 75 side, and a charging unit 78 that charges based on an approval input after the material / design selection result is displayed. These means 11, 19 and 78 are communicatively connected to the server 76 via the communication network 77.

  On the server 76 side, the material property selection means 12 for selecting and instructing the material property with reference to the material property item of the design-material relation database 13, the material specification with reference to the material specification database 15 and the material property secondary database 16. The material property calculation means 14 for calculating the material property (quantity) and the material / design selection means for selecting the material and the design condition by collating the determined material specification and the calculated material property (quantity). 18. The selection result of the material and design conditions selected by the material / design selection means 18 is displayed on the display means 19 on the client 75 side via the communication network 77.

  This design support apparatus 10B has the design specification input means 11 on the client 75 side, has an information input function, and also has a display result display function for the display means 19. Further, the design specification input means 11 is provided with a charging means 78 that prompts for an approval input of the selection result and charges when it is approved. Further, the server 76 side has the same calculation / calculation / selection function as the design support apparatuses 10 and 10A shown in the first and second embodiments, and these functions are combined with the client 75 side by the network 77. Yes.

  According to this design support apparatus 10B, it is possible to select and display the optimum combination of material and design not only from material characteristics and design specifications but also from the viewpoint of cost and risk. Even if not, it can be carried out easily and reliably. In addition, the client 75 can be charged appropriately for the fee for the requested work in accordance with the processing content.

1 is a block diagram schematically showing a first embodiment of a design support apparatus and a method for using the same according to the present invention. Explanatory drawing which shows the content of the design specification input means with which the design support apparatus which concerns on this invention is equipped. Explanatory drawing which shows the content and effect | action of the material characteristic selection means with which the design support apparatus which concerns on this invention is equipped, and a design-material relationship database. The figure which shows the content and effect | action which concern on the material characteristic calculation means with which the design support apparatus which concerns on this invention is equipped, and a material and design selection means. The figure which shows the example of the material map used for the material and design selection means with which the design support apparatus which concerns on this invention is equipped. The figure which shows the relationship between the tensile strength ratio and temperature which comprise the material characteristic secondary database integrated in the design support apparatus which concerns on this invention. The figure which shows the relationship between the normalization stress which comprises the material characteristic secondary database integrated in the design support apparatus which concerns on this invention, and a creep rupture life. The figure which shows the relationship between the creep rate and the normalization stress which comprise the material characteristic secondary database integrated in the design support apparatus which concerns on this invention. The figure which shows the relationship between the normalization distortion | strain range which comprises the material characteristic secondary database integrated in the design support apparatus which concerns on this invention, and the frequency | count of failure. The figure which shows the relationship between the normalization stress amplitude and distortion amplitude which comprise the material characteristic secondary database integrated in the design support apparatus which concerns on this invention. The figure which shows the relationship between the crack growth rate and the normalization stress intensity factor which comprise the material characteristic secondary database integrated in the design support apparatus which concerns on this invention. The figure which shows the relationship between the normalization fracture toughness and the normalization temperature which comprise the material characteristic secondary database integrated in the design support apparatus which concerns on this invention. The figure which shows simply 2nd Embodiment of the design assistance apparatus which concerns on this invention, and its usage method. The figure which shows the relationship between the stress formed in the cost risk assessment means with which the design support apparatus shown by FIG. 13 is provided, and material lifetime. The figure which shows the relationship between the cumulative failure probability formed in the cost risk assessment means with which the design support apparatus shown by FIG. 13 is provided, and material lifetime. The block diagram which shows simply 3rd Embodiment of the design assistance apparatus which concerns on this invention, and its usage method.

Explanation of symbols

10, 10A, 10B Design support device 11 Design specification input means 12 Material characteristic selection means 13 Design-material relation database 14 Material characteristic calculation means 15 Material specification database 16 Material characteristic secondary database 17 Material characteristic primary database 18 Material / design selection Means 19 Display means 21 Component category 22 Use condition category 40 Material characteristic 48 Material specification information 58 Material characteristic master curve and statistical index normalized by material specification parameter 59 Material characteristic master curve and statistical index 68 of individual material Design / material selection map 70 Cost / Risk Evaluation Unit 71 Cost Database 75 Client 76 Server 77 Communication Network 78 Billing Unit

Claims (13)

Design specification input means for inputting the requirements and design conditions required by the design specifications,
Material property selection means for selecting material properties corresponding to design specifications;
A design-material relational database for selecting and instructing material characteristic items to be searched when selecting material characteristics;
A material specification database that stores the material specification items required when manufacturing materials,
A primary material property database that stores raw data of measured material properties;
A material property secondary database that stores the material property master curve and the statistical index obtained by processing the raw data of the material property and standardizing the material specification parameter;
The material properties selected by the material property selection means are determined with reference to the material specification parameters in the material specification database, and the material properties master curve and the statistical index normalized to the material specifications are used to determine the material properties. Material characteristic calculation means for creating a material characteristic master curve and a statistical index, and calculating a material characteristic used for design;
A material / design selection means for comparing the calculated material properties with the determined material specifications and selecting an optimum material and design conditions;
A design support apparatus comprising display means for displaying a selection result of an optimum material and design conditions. The design specification input means inputs design specifications from the shape dimensions of the target device, part or member to be designed and the use conditions thereof, and the material property calculation means is a material corresponding to the allowable range conditions for the shape dimensions and the use conditions. A material specification is determined with reference to a specification database, a material specification range is calculated from the material property amount range of the material property secondary database for the material specification, and the material / design selection means calculates the range of the calculated material specification. The design support apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the design support apparatus is configured to select an optimum material used for a design that satisfies the requirements. The material specification determined by the material property calculating means is room temperature tensile strength, room temperature tensile strength or hardness, and the calculated material property amount is high temperature tensile strength or high temperature tensile strength, and the standard of the material property secondary database. Correlation function numerical data represented by the master curve of the material properties is the relationship between the normalized tensile strength obtained by dividing the high temperature tensile strength by the room temperature tensile strength and the operating temperature, or the normalization obtained by dividing the high temperature tensile strength by the room temperature tensile strength. It is a coefficient value that optimally approximates the relationship between tensile strength and operating temperature, or the relationship when normalized by hardness, and the design requirements for the material properties when using materials are the allowable tensile strength or allowable strength and operating temperature. The design support apparatus according to claim 1, wherein The design support apparatus according to claim 3, wherein numerical data of a coefficient obtained by optimal approximation of a ratio between the high temperature tensile strength and the room temperature tensile strength, or the relationship between the high temperature tensile strength and the hardness and the temperature is used. The material specification determined by the material property calculating means is a room temperature tensile strength, and the calculated material property quantity is a creep rupture strength, which is expressed by a standardized material property master curve of the material property secondary database. The correlation function numerical data is the coefficient value of the equation when the relationship between the normalized creep rupture strength divided by the room temperature tensile strength and the operating temperature is optimally approximated. The design support apparatus according to claim 1, which is creep strength and operating temperature. The material specification determined by the material property calculation means is a room temperature tensile strength, the calculated material property quantity is a creep strain rate, and a correlation represented by a standardized material property master curve of the material property secondary database. The numerical data of the function is the coefficient value of the equation when the relationship between the creep strain rate, the ratio of the used stress and room temperature tensile strength, and the operating temperature is optimally approximated. The design specifications for the material property amount are calculated from the creep strain rate. The design support apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the design support apparatus is a deformation amount of the structural member with respect to a predetermined use period. The material specifications determined by the material property calculating means are room temperature tensile strength and room temperature Young's modulus, and the calculated material property amount is the relationship between the elastic strain range in fatigue and the plastic strain range and the number of breakage, The correlation function coefficient data expressed by the standardized material property master curve in the secondary database is the relationship between the elastic strain range multiplied by the Young's modulus at the operating temperature and divided by the tensile strength at the operating temperature and the number of failures. Or the coefficient value when the relationship between the plastic strain range and the number of failures is optimally approximated, and the design specification conditions for the material characteristic amount are the damage to the modified elastic strain range and the plastic strain range, or the total strain range, and the operating temperature. The design support apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the number is a number of times. The material specifications determined by the material property calculating means are the room temperature tensile strength and the room temperature Young's modulus, and the calculated material property amount is an elastic strain range and a plastic strain range or a total strain range and a stress in a cyclic stress / strain property. The correlation numerical data represented by the standardized material property master curve of the material property secondary database is an elastic strain range and a plastic strain range, or a total strain range, a stress range, and a Young's modulus at the operating temperature. This is a coefficient value obtained by optimally approximating the relationship between the normalized stress range divided by the tensile strength at the operating temperature in the stress range. The design specification conditions for the material characteristics are cyclic stress / strain characteristics and temperature / stress range during use. The design support apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the design support apparatus is a total strain range or a plastic strain range obtained from the above. The material specifications determined by the material property calculating means are an impact value, a fracture surface transition temperature, and a preexisting defect size, the material property amount is a use stress, a use temperature, and a fracture mechanics parameter, and the material property secondary database. Correlation numerical data represented by the standardized material property master curve in Fig. 5 shows the relationship between the fracture toughness value divided by the upper shelf toughness value obtained from the impact value and the fracture surface transition temperature, or the stress intensity factor. It is a coefficient value when the relationship between the value divided by the strength and the crack growth rate is approximated optimally. The design condition for the material characteristic amount is the crack size for a given time or number of times, the fracture mechanics parameter for that crack size, and the fracture toughness value. The design support apparatus according to claim 1, wherein The material characteristic calculation means expresses a probability distribution characteristic for material breakage or damage from a determined material specification and calculated material characteristic as an unreliability function as a function of the operation time or the number of start-ups of the device, and a functional expression thereof. On the other hand, a cost / risk evaluation unit is provided between the material characteristic calculation unit and the material / design selection unit, and the cost / risk evaluation unit represents the correspondence between the material of the cost database and the cost. The amount of damage is called from the cost table, the amount of damage is multiplied by the unreliability function to calculate and evaluate the risk, and further, the risk is evaluated and the determination based on the cost is performed to select the optimum material / The design support apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a design selection unit. The material property calculation means preliminarily calculates a statistical distribution of material property quantities during production with respect to material specifications and a statistical distribution of ratios of estimated values obtained from experimental values and correlation numerical data for material properties for one or more types of materials. The cost / risk evaluation means obtains the probability that the material property quantity at the time of manufacture does not satisfy the standard value and the probability that the design requirement condition for the material use characteristic quantity at the time of the design target device / part or member is not satisfied. The design support apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a risk is calculated by calculating and multiplying the amount of damage at that time, and the material / design selection means selects a material type that minimizes the risk. The design specification input means, the display means, and the charging means for charging based on the approval input for the material / design selection result, the material characteristic selection means, the material characteristic calculation means, and the material / design selection means via a network. The design support apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the design support apparatus is combined with a server side provided. Entering the design specifications required by the design items;
Selecting material properties corresponding to the input design specifications with reference to material property items in the design-material relational database;
Determining a material specification from a selected material property by referring to a material specification item in a material specification database; and
Taking the material property master curve and the statistical index of the individual material with reference to the material property master curve and the statistical index normalized by the material specification parameter of the material property secondary database, and calculating the material property used for the design;
Collating the determined material specifications with the calculated material properties to select an optimum material and design conditions;
And a step of displaying a selection result of the optimum material and the design condition.

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