JP2006083960A - Seal ring and its manufacturing method - Google Patents
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この発明は、四フッ化エチレン樹脂からなるシールリングおよびその製造方法に関し、特に作動油などのオイルを密封するのに適したオイルシールリングおよびその製造方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a seal ring made of a tetrafluoroethylene resin and a manufacturing method thereof, and more particularly to an oil seal ring suitable for sealing oil such as hydraulic oil and a manufacturing method thereof.
一般に、トルクコンバータや油圧式クラッチなどの自動変速機や無段変速機には、作動油の漏洩を防止する密封(オイルシール)用のシールリングが要所に取り付けられている。 Generally, automatic transmissions such as torque converters and hydraulic clutches and continuously variable transmissions are provided with seal rings for sealing (oil seals) that prevent leakage of hydraulic oil.
図3および図4に示すように、シールリングを用いた密封装置は、ケーシング3内に組み込まれた軸4の外周にリング溝5を形成し、そのリング溝5内にシールリングAを組み込んだものであり、シールリングAの一側面6に作動油圧が作用したとき、シールリングAの他側面7をリング溝5の側面に密着させ、それと共にシールリングAの内周面A1に作用する作動油圧によってシールリングAを拡径させて外周面A2をケーシング3の内周面3aに密着させ、その密着によってケーシング3と軸4との摺動面を液密に密封する作用が求められる。
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the sealing device using the seal ring has a
合成樹脂製のシールリングには、充分なオイルシール性、耐摩耗性および製造効率を全て満足するように素材の改良もなされ、そのひとつとして射出成形可能なポリエーテルエーテルケトン樹脂(PEEK)を用いたシールリングが知られている。 The synthetic resin seal ring has been improved to meet all of the requirements for oil sealability, wear resistance and manufacturing efficiency, and one of them is polyether ether ketone resin (PEEK) that can be injection molded. There was a known seal ring.
しかし、PEEK製のシールリングは、現在の材料価格が比較的高価であるため、低圧力、低速度での摺動条件では、四フッ化エチレン樹脂(PTFE)からなるシールリングの方が実用上有利である。 However, since the current material price of a seal ring made of PEEK is relatively high, a seal ring made of tetrafluoroethylene resin (PTFE) is more practical in terms of sliding conditions at low pressure and low speed. It is advantageous.
ところでPTFE製シールリングは、PEEKのようには射出成形ができない材料であるため、例えばラム押出し成形によって製作したチューブ素材を用い、その内外径を旋削加工し、シールリングの幅方向へ所定寸法で裁断することによりシールリング形状に製造していた(特許文献1)。 By the way, PTFE seal ring is a material that cannot be injection-molded like PEEK. For example, a tube material manufactured by ram extrusion molding is used, its inner and outer diameters are turned, and the seal ring has a predetermined dimension in the width direction. It was manufactured into a seal ring shape by cutting (Patent Document 1).
そして、PTFE製シールリングの製造効率を上げる技術としては、自動圧縮成形(オートモールド)が知られている。オートモールド成形は、PTFE粉末を計量した後、金型内に自動的に充填し、ラムによって圧縮力を加えて予備成形して金型から取り出し、これをPTFEの融点以上で焼成する方法である(非特許文献1)。 As a technique for increasing the production efficiency of the PTFE seal ring, automatic compression molding (auto molding) is known. Automolding is a method in which PTFE powder is weighed and then automatically filled into a mold, preliminarily molded by applying a compression force by a ram, taken out from the mold, and fired at a temperature equal to or higher than the melting point of PTFE. (Non-Patent Document 1).
PTFE製シールリングの成形では、シールリングの内外径の寸法に圧縮成形した筒状素材を焼成し、その軸方向長さをリングの幅として所要幅でカットすれば、内外径面の仕上げ旋削加工が不要であるので、製造工程数がそれだけ少なくなり、材料の損失も少なくなる。 When molding PTFE seal rings, the cylindrical material that is compression-molded to the size of the inner and outer diameters of the seal ring is fired and the axial length is cut to the required width as the width of the ring. Therefore, the number of manufacturing steps is reduced accordingly, and the loss of material is also reduced.
しかし、PTFE製シールリングの成形では、圧縮成形した筒状素材を焼成する際に、熱による形状変化や寸法変化が起こるので、旋削加工を省略できるまでには寸法精度を高められなかった。 However, in the molding of a PTFE seal ring, when a compression-molded cylindrical material is fired, a shape change or a dimensional change due to heat occurs, so that the dimensional accuracy cannot be increased until the turning process can be omitted.
さらに、前記した焼成する環境(設備等の条件)が異なれば、寸法変化率も異なるので、寸法変化を予測したりその修正をしたりすることは容易でなく、実質的に内外径面の仕上げ旋削加工を不要とすることはできなった。 Furthermore, if the firing environment (equipment conditions, etc.) is different, the rate of dimensional change is also different, so it is not easy to predict or modify the dimensional change, and substantially finish the inner and outer diameter surfaces. Turning can no longer be necessary.
そこで、この発明の課題は、上記した問題点を解決して、PTFE製のシールリングを製造する際に、加熱(焼成)工程などでの形状変化や寸法変化がないように改良し、内外径面の仕上げ旋削加工を不要とするシールリングとし、もしくは寸法変化を予測したりその修正をしたりすることを容易とし、またはそのような利点のあるシールリングの製造方法とすることである。 Therefore, the object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and improve the inner and outer diameters so that there is no shape change or dimensional change in a heating (firing) step or the like when producing a PTFE seal ring. It is to make a seal ring that does not require surface finishing turning, or to make it easy to predict or correct a dimensional change, or to make a seal ring having such advantages.
上記の課題を解決するために、この発明では、四フッ化エチレン樹脂粉末を主成分とする圧縮成形体からなるシールリングにおいて、このシールリングの内周面および外周面のうち少なくとも内周面が、仕上げ寸法の金型で形成された溶融成形層からなることを特徴とするシールリングとしたのである。 In order to solve the above-described problem, in the present invention, in a seal ring made of a compression molded body mainly composed of tetrafluoroethylene resin powder, at least an inner peripheral surface of the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface of the seal ring is The seal ring is characterized by comprising a melt-molded layer formed of a mold having a finished dimension.
上記したように構成されるこの発明のシールリングは、圧縮成形体の内周面が溶融成形層で形成され、この内周面は射出成形されたものと同程度に寸法精度の高い仕上げ面であり、またこの面は仕上げ寸法の金型で形成されているので、所期した寸法の内径であると共に、仕上げ性確保のための旋削加工を行なう必要のないものとなり、または焼成後の寸法変化が一定になり、修正幅を予測して容易に仕上げ寸法に修正できるものとなる。 In the seal ring of the present invention configured as described above, the inner peripheral surface of the compression molded body is formed of a melt-molded layer, and this inner peripheral surface is a finished surface with a dimensional accuracy as high as that obtained by injection molding. Yes, and this surface is formed with a finished-size mold, so that it has an inner diameter of the desired dimension, and it is not necessary to perform a turning process to ensure finishability, or a dimensional change after firing Becomes constant, and the correction width can be predicted and easily corrected to the finished dimension.
すなわち、四フッ化エチレン樹脂製のシールリングが、内外径面の仕上げ旋削加工を不要とするか、または一定の製品寸法に容易に修正できるシールリングになる。 That is, the seal ring made of tetrafluoroethylene resin does not require finishing turning of the inner and outer diameter surfaces, or becomes a seal ring that can be easily corrected to a constant product size.
また、シールリングの製造方法に係る発明では、四フッ化エチレン樹脂からなる成形体材料を円筒形に圧縮成形し、この円筒形圧縮成形体の内周面、または内周面と共に外周面に仕上げ寸法の金型を嵌め、次いで前記金型を四フッ化エチレン樹脂の融点以上に加熱して前記円筒形圧縮成形体の内周面、または内・外周面に金型による溶融成形層を形成することからなるシールリングの製造方法としたのである。 Further, in the invention relating to the manufacturing method of the seal ring, a molded body material made of tetrafluoroethylene resin is compression-molded into a cylindrical shape, and the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical compression-molded body or the outer peripheral surface is finished together with the inner peripheral surface. A mold having a size is fitted, and then the mold is heated to a temperature higher than the melting point of the tetrafluoroethylene resin to form a melt-molded layer by the mold on the inner peripheral surface or inner / outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical compression molded body. This is a manufacturing method of the seal ring.
上記した工程からなるこの発明のシールリングの製造方法では、円筒形圧縮成形体の内周面、または内・外周面に仕上げ寸法の金型を嵌めて、この状態で前記金型を四フッ化エチレン樹脂の融点以上に加熱することにより、円筒形圧縮成形体が加熱時に収縮することで内・外径が小さくなると共にそれらの表面が溶融し、所定寸法の金型に接して内周面、または内周面と共に外周面が射出成形されたようになり寸法精度の高い溶融成形面に形成される。 In the manufacturing method of the seal ring of the present invention comprising the steps described above, a mold having a finished dimension is fitted on the inner peripheral surface or inner / outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical compression molded body, and the mold is tetrafluorinated in this state. By heating above the melting point of the ethylene resin, the inner and outer diameters of the cylindrical compression-molded body shrink when heated, and their surfaces melt, and the inner peripheral surface comes into contact with a mold of a predetermined dimension. Alternatively, the outer peripheral surface is injection-molded together with the inner peripheral surface, and is formed on a melt-molded surface with high dimensional accuracy.
所定幅のシールリングを製造するには、上記の内周面、または内周面と共に外周面に溶融成形層を形成した円筒形圧縮成形体を軸方向に所要幅で切断するだけでよく、内周面および外周面については旋削せずともこれを仕上げ面とするシールリングを効率よく製造できる。 In order to manufacture a seal ring having a predetermined width, it is only necessary to cut a cylindrical compression molded body having a melt-molded layer on the outer peripheral surface together with the inner peripheral surface or the inner peripheral surface with a required width in the axial direction. Even if the peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface are not turned, a seal ring having the finished surface can be efficiently manufactured.
この発明は、以上説明したように、四フッ化エチレン樹脂粉末を主成分とする圧縮成形体からなるシールリングにおいて、その内周面および外周面のうち少なくとも内周面が、仕上げ寸法の金型で形成された溶融成形層からなるので、圧縮成形体の表面が射出成形されたように滑らかに形成され、かつ仕上げ寸法の金型で所定寸法に形成される。そのため、PTFE製のシールリングを製造する工程で必要な焼成工程での形状変化や寸法変化がなくなり、内外径面の仕上げ旋削加工が不要なシールリングが得られる利点がある。 As described above, according to the present invention, in a seal ring made of a compression molded body mainly composed of tetrafluoroethylene resin powder, at least the inner peripheral surface of the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface is a mold having a finished size. Therefore, the surface of the compression-molded body is formed smoothly as if it was injection-molded, and is formed to a predetermined dimension with a mold having a finished dimension. Therefore, there is an advantage that a shape change and a dimensional change in a firing step necessary in a step of manufacturing a PTFE seal ring are eliminated, and a seal ring that does not require finishing turning of inner and outer diameter surfaces can be obtained.
また、この発明のシールリングの製造方法では、円筒形圧縮成形体の内周面、または内・外周面に仕上げ寸法の金型を嵌めて四フッ化エチレン樹脂の融点以上に加熱することにより、円筒形圧縮成形体の内・外周面の表面が加熱時に収縮することで内・外径が小さくなると共に溶融し、溶融した四フッ化エチレン樹脂は所定寸法の金型に接して所定寸法で滑らかな内周面、または内・外周面が射出成形されたような溶融成形面として形成される。そのため、加熱(焼成)工程での形状変化や寸法変化がなく、内外径面の仕上げ旋削加工が不要なシールリングの製造方法になる利点がある。 Further, in the manufacturing method of the seal ring of the present invention, by fitting a mold having a finished dimension on the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical compression molded body, or on the inner and outer peripheral surfaces, and heating it above the melting point of the tetrafluoroethylene resin, The inner and outer surfaces of the cylindrical compression-molded body shrink when heated, so that the inner and outer diameters become smaller and melt, and the melted tetrafluoroethylene resin comes into contact with a mold of a predetermined dimension and is smooth with a predetermined dimension. The inner peripheral surface, or the inner / outer peripheral surface is formed as a melt-molded surface obtained by injection molding. Therefore, there is an advantage that there is no shape change or dimensional change in the heating (firing) step, and there is an advantage of a seal ring manufacturing method that does not require finish turning of the inner and outer diameter surfaces.
図1および図2に示すように、実施形態のシールリングAは、四フッ化エチレン樹脂粉末を主成分とする円筒形圧縮成形体1からなり、その内周面に仕上げ寸法の円柱型の金型2を嵌め、次いでその圧縮成形品の全体を四フッ化エチレン樹脂の融点以上に加熱して焼成し、円筒形圧縮成形体1の内周面1aに金型2による溶融成形層を形成し、円筒形圧縮成形体1を軸方向に所要幅で切断したものである。
As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the seal ring A of the embodiment is composed of a cylindrical compression molded
この発明のシールリングの組成は、四フッ化エチレン樹脂粉末を主成分とするが、この発明に用いる四フッ化エチレン樹脂粉末、すなわちポリテトラフルオロエチレン(CAS 9002-84-0)の粉末は、融点(327℃)以上に加熱されても溶融粘度が非常に高く、ゴム状弾性体にとどまり、流動性を示さないものであり、整粒により粒径をできるだけそろえた市販のモールディングパウダーまたはファインパウダーを用いることができる。 The composition of the seal ring of the present invention is mainly composed of tetrafluoroethylene resin powder, but the tetrafluoroethylene resin powder used in the present invention, that is, polytetrafluoroethylene (CAS 9002-84-0) powder, A commercially available molding powder or fine powder that has a very high melt viscosity even when heated to a melting point (327 ° C.) or higher, remains in a rubber-like elastic body, does not exhibit fluidity, and has the same particle size as possible by sizing. Can be used.
四フッ化エチレン樹脂粉末を主成分とする圧縮成形体は、PTFE粉末を円筒体成形用の金型内に充填して定法により予備成形として圧縮成形を行なったものである。 The compression molded body mainly composed of tetrafluoroethylene resin powder is obtained by filling a PTFE powder in a cylindrical body molding die and performing compression molding as a preliminary molding by a conventional method.
PTFEは、ガラス繊維および炭素繊維やウイスカなどの補強材や、黒鉛などの固体潤滑材が配合されたPTFE組成物であってもよい。因みに、成形のサイクルは、通常どおり10〜15秒程度であればよく、加圧保持時間を数秒以内とする場合には、予備成形圧力を1000〜2000kgf/cm2と高めにする。また、成形品の肉厚に対応して加圧保持時間を長くし、実際の最適な成形圧力、サイクルは目的のシールリングの大きさに合わせて実験的手段により定めることが好ましい。 The PTFE may be a PTFE composition in which a reinforcing material such as glass fiber, carbon fiber or whisker, or a solid lubricant such as graphite is blended. Incidentally, the molding cycle may be about 10 to 15 seconds as usual, and when the pressure holding time is within several seconds, the preforming pressure is increased to 1000 to 2000 kgf / cm 2 . Further, it is preferable that the pressure holding time is increased corresponding to the thickness of the molded product, and the actual optimum molding pressure and cycle are determined by experimental means according to the size of the target seal ring.
また、この発明に用いる仕上げ寸法の金型は、内周面および外周面のうち少なくとも内周面を成形するものであり、内周面成形用の金型は、圧縮成形体が焼成時の熱収縮により収縮した際に密接可能な径に設計された円柱(心棒)状の金型または円筒状の金型である。 Further, the mold having a finished size used in the present invention is for molding at least the inner peripheral surface of the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface, and the inner peripheral surface molding die is a heat generated when the compression molded body is fired. It is a cylindrical (mandrel) -shaped mold or a cylindrical mold designed to have a diameter that allows close contact when contracted by contraction.
また、外周面成形用の金型は、特に圧縮成形体を密接させる必要はなくて、単に焼成時に外周面に均一な加熱を可能にする熱伝導性の良いハウジングであればよい。すなわち、金型は、熱伝導性が良くて熱膨張率の低い材質のものが好ましく、例えば防錆性も考慮するとステンレス鋼製のものが適当である。 In addition, the outer peripheral surface molding die need not be in particular in close contact with the compression molded body, and may be any housing having good thermal conductivity that enables uniform heating of the outer peripheral surface during firing. That is, the mold is preferably made of a material having good thermal conductivity and a low coefficient of thermal expansion. For example, a mold made of stainless steel is appropriate in consideration of rust prevention.
このような金型を用いてシールリングを焼成すると、焼成前に予想した通りの内径寸法と外径寸法が得られ、内・外径を旋削によって修正せずとも仕上げ面として使用できるシールリングを製造できる。 When a seal ring is fired using such a mold, the inner and outer diameters as expected before firing can be obtained, and a seal ring that can be used as a finished surface without having to modify the inner and outer diameters by turning. Can be manufactured.
四フッ化エチレン樹脂〔PTFE〕約70重量%およびガラス繊維約25重量%を乾式混合した後、これを円筒形のシールリング圧縮成形用金型に入れて2000kg/cm2の圧力で予備成形し、図1および図2に示すように、外径約32mm、厚さ約1.7mmの円筒形圧縮成形体1の内周面に仕上げ寸法の円柱型でステンレス鋼製の金型2を嵌め、次いでその圧縮成形品の全体を370℃で焼成し、円筒形圧縮成形体1の内周面1aの表層部分に金型2による溶融成形層を形成した。
After about 70% by weight of tetrafluoroethylene resin [PTFE] and about 25% by weight of glass fiber are dry-mixed, this is put into a cylindrical seal ring compression mold and preformed at a pressure of 2000 kg / cm 2. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a
実施例1のシールリング(5個、表1中のNo1〜5)の焼成前と焼成後の外径、肉厚、高さの最大寸法と最小寸法を計測し、これらの結果を表1に示した。 The maximum and minimum dimensions of the outer diameter, thickness, and height before and after firing of the seal ring (5 pieces, No. 1 to 5 in Table 1) of Example 1 were measured, and these results are shown in Table 1. Indicated.
また、仕上げ寸法の円柱型の金型2を内周面1aに嵌めなかったこと以外は、実施例1と全く同様に比較例1のシールリングを製造し、このシールリング(5個、表2中No6〜10)の焼成前と焼成後の外径、肉厚、高さの最大寸法と最小寸法を計測し、これらの結果を表2に示した。
Further, a seal ring of Comparative Example 1 was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the
表1および表2の結果からも明らかなように、比較例1は、焼成後の外形が楕円に変形し、シールリングとしては使用できないものになった。
これに対して、実施例1は、焼成前に比べて焼成後の方が、外径、肉厚、高さ共に最大部と最小部の差(変化量)は大きくなっているが、実施例1の変化量はNo1〜5について略一定であるから、焼成後の変化量が一定になったと言うことができ、そのために寸法調整(成形後の修正)が容易になり、すなわち製品寸法に合わせるための調整が可能となった。
As is clear from the results of Tables 1 and 2, Comparative Example 1 was deformed into an ellipse after firing, and could not be used as a seal ring.
On the other hand, in Example 1, the difference between the maximum part and the minimum part (change amount) in the outer diameter, the wall thickness, and the height is larger after baking than before baking. Since the change amount of 1 is substantially constant for Nos. 1 to 5, it can be said that the change amount after firing has become constant, so that dimensional adjustment (correction after molding) is facilitated, that is, matched to the product dimensions. Adjustments are now possible.
1 円筒形圧縮成形体
1a 内周面
2 金型
3 ケーシング
4 軸
5 リング溝
6 一側面
7 他側面
A シールリング
A1 内周面
A2 外周面
DESCRIPTION OF
Claims (5)
このシールリングの内周面および外周面のうち少なくとも内周面が、仕上げ寸法の金型で形成された溶融成形層からなることを特徴とするシールリング。 In a seal ring composed of a compression molded body mainly composed of tetrafluoroethylene resin powder,
A seal ring characterized in that at least an inner peripheral surface of the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface of the seal ring is formed of a melt-molded layer formed of a mold having a finished size.
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JP4976539B2 (en) * | 2010-12-14 | 2012-07-18 | Ntn株式会社 | Sealing device using seal ring |
Citations (2)
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JPH08121599A (en) * | 1994-10-24 | 1996-05-14 | Shionogi & Co Ltd | Gasket for sanitary piping and its manufacture |
JPH10225999A (en) * | 1997-02-12 | 1998-08-25 | Nok Corp | Manufacture of sealing ring |
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JPH08121599A (en) * | 1994-10-24 | 1996-05-14 | Shionogi & Co Ltd | Gasket for sanitary piping and its manufacture |
JPH10225999A (en) * | 1997-02-12 | 1998-08-25 | Nok Corp | Manufacture of sealing ring |
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