JP2006082963A - Hopper and gasification system having the hopper - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a biomass gasification system capable of stably supplying biomass powder and granular material. <P>SOLUTION: In this biomass gasification system for supplying the biomass powder and granular material 11 of a prescribed amount to a gasification furnace 12 for gasification, the system comprises the hopper 21 supplying the biomass powder and granular material 11 of the prescribed amount crushed to prescribed sizes and a feeder 41 supplying the biomass powder and granular material 11 supplied by the prescribed amount into the gasification furnace 12 at a prescribed speed. The hopper 21 comprises a hopper body 22, a fixed plate 24 circumferentially installed near the side wall bottom part of the hopper body 22 toward the inside and having a throwing hole 23 for the biomass powder and granular material 11, a rotary plate 27 installed between the fixed plate 24 and the bottom plate 25 of the hopper body 22 rotatably about a vertical axis and having a plurality of opening parts 26 having a hole diameter roughly aligning with the throwing hole 23, and a cutting-off hole 28 formed in the bottom plate 25 of the hopper body 22 and cutting off the biomass powder and granular material 11 every specified amount. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a hopper that can stably supply, for example, a granular material obtained by finely pulverizing biomass or the like, and a gasification system having the hopper.

  In recent years, a granular material obtained by pulverizing biomass (hereinafter referred to as a biomass granular material) is gasified from the raw material, and the resultant synthesis gas is treated to obtain, for example, methanol or liquid hydrocarbons. A gaining system has been proposed. In addition, the development of a system for combusting such finely pulverized biomass is also awaited. Here, the biomass refers to plant resources such as vegetation, organic wastes derived from plants such as waste paper, weeds, and thinned wood.

  The biomass powder as described above is obtained as an aggregate of fine particles of about 0.05 to 1.0 mm, for example, and is obtained as a property in which each particle is complicatedly consolidated and entangled in a fibrous form. For this reason, when supplying this kind of finely pulverized biomass to a gasification furnace or the like, it is necessary to stably supply this to the gasification furnace or the like (Patent Documents 1 and 2). In addition, in order to efficiently gasify the stably supplied biomass granular material, it has been proposed to promote the gasification reaction by supplying water vapor (Patent Document 3).

JP 2001-239148 A JP 2001-239149 A JP 2004-251717 A

However, since the biomass granular material is an aggregate of fine particles as described above, for example, there are the following problems.
1) The biomass granular material should not stay in the hopper or the supply pipe to the screw feeder.
2) The supply amount of biomass powder from the hopper to the screw feeder is always performed constantly.
3) Supply from the screw feeder to the reaction tube is performed smoothly.
Furthermore, a biomass gasification furnace that can satisfy these requirements has not yet appeared.

  An object of this invention is to provide the hopper which can supply a granular material stably, and the gasification system which has this hopper in view of the said problem.

  A first aspect of the present invention for solving the above-described problem is a hopper that supplies a predetermined amount of powder particles pulverized to a predetermined size, and includes a cylindrical hopper body and a lower end of a side wall of the hopper body. In the vicinity of the part, it is provided around the vertical axis between a fixing plate that is provided in a bowl shape inward and has a hole for introducing powder particles and between the fixing plate and the bottom plate of the hopper body. And a rotating plate having a plurality of openings having a hole diameter substantially coinciding with the charging hole, and a cut-out hole formed in the bottom plate of the hopper main body for cutting out the granular material by a predetermined amount. In the hopper.

  A second aspect of the present invention is the hopper according to the first aspect, wherein a conical portion is fixed at the center of the rotating plate, and a stirring blade is provided at the conical portion.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect of the invention, there is provided a hopper characterized by having a cut-out cylinder that supplies a granular material cut out from the cut-out hole by a predetermined amount to the feeder.

  A fourth invention is a gasification system comprising any one of the first to third hoppers and a gasification furnace for gasifying the supplied granular material.

  According to a fifth invention, in the fourth invention, there is provided a screw that communicates with the cutting cylinder and that extrudes the granular material cut out at constant intervals into the gasification furnace, and the tip of the screw. In the gasification system, the portion protrudes into the gasification furnace.

  A sixth aspect of the present invention is the gasification system according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, wherein the tip of the screw has a halved shape having a notch on the upper side of the gasification furnace.

  A seventh invention is the gasification system according to the fifth invention, wherein the rotation of the rotating plate of the hopper and the rotation of the screw are interlocked.

  An eighth invention is the gasification system according to any one of the fourth to seventh inventions, wherein the granular material is a biomass granular material.

  According to the present invention, the granular material does not stay in the hopper, and the stable granular material can be supplied. In addition, the supply amount of the powder particles from the hopper to the screw feeder is always performed constantly, and the supply from the screw feeder to the gasification furnace is performed smoothly.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments. In addition, constituent elements in the following embodiments include those that can be easily assumed by those skilled in the art or those that are substantially the same.

A hopper according to an embodiment of the present invention and a gasification system having the hopper will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a gasification system having a hopper according to an embodiment.
In the following examples, biomass will be described as an example of the granular material, but the present invention is not limited to this.
As shown in FIG. 1, the gasification system according to the present embodiment is a biomass gasification system in which a predetermined amount of biomass powder 11 is supplied to a gasification furnace 12 and gasified, and pulverized to a predetermined size. A hopper 21 that supplies a predetermined amount of the biomass powder 11 that has been supplied and a feeder 41 that supplies the biomass powder 11 that has been supplied in a predetermined amount into the gasification furnace 12 at a predetermined speed. 22, in the vicinity of the lower end portion of the side wall of the hopper body 22, a fixing plate 24 that is provided in a bowl shape inwardly and has an injection hole 23 for powder particles, and the fixing plate 24 and the bottom plate 25 of the hopper body 22. Between the rotary plate 27 provided with a plurality of openings 26 provided so as to be rotatable about the vertical axis and having a hole diameter substantially coinciding with the insertion hole 23, and the bottom plate 25 of the hopper body 22. Ba Cut out OMAS powder or granular material 11 for each predetermined amount is one having a cut-out hole 28.

  The hopper 21 has a cylindrical shape, and the side wall of the hopper body 22 is substantially parallel to the vertical axis direction. In addition, when it is not vertical, it may be a divergent shape. This is because when the top side of the hopper main body 22 is narrower than the low side, it becomes narrower as it goes to the bottom, and the consolidation of the biomass proceeds.

Further, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, a conical portion 29 is fixed at the center of the rotating plate 27 of the hopper 21 and is rotated integrally by the motor M. Further, the conical portion 29 is provided with a stirring blade 30 so that the biomass blade 11 is prevented from settling and bridging by the stirring blade 30 during rotation. In this embodiment, the stirring shaft 31 is extended on the top side of the conical portion 29, and the stirring shaft 31 is also provided with a plurality of stirring blades 30.
By providing the conical part 29, the biomass granular material 11 moves smoothly downward. This is because the side wall of the hopper body and the conical portion 29 are asymmetric and the conical portion 29 moves, so that the biomass powder 11 is less likely to form a bridge.
Furthermore, since the plurality of stirring blades 30 provided in the conical portion 29 rotate to break the bridge or inhibit the bridge formation, the biomass granular material is prevented from staying in the hopper body 22.

Further, the fixed plate 24 positioned on the upper side of the rotating plate 27 is fixed to the inner cylinder 22 on the outer peripheral side thereof. A predetermined amount of biomass powder 11 is charged into the opening 26 of the rotating plate 27 from the charging hole 23 formed in the fixed plate 24. The input amount is appropriately set according to the thickness d and opening diameter of the opening of the rotating plate 27. When the opening portion 26 filled with the predetermined amount of the biomass powder 11 is positioned in the cutout hole 28 of the bottom plate 25 by the rotation, the cutout portion 34 is cut out.
In FIG. 3, the fixed plate 24 and the conical portion 29 appear to be integrated, but this is on the drawing of the exploded perspective view. In this embodiment, the conical portion 29, the stirring shaft 31, and the rotating plate 27 are provided. The motor M rotates together. The rotation speed of the granular material is adjusted by this rotation.
Moreover, since the cut-out cylinder 34 is provided in the vertical axis direction, the cut-out biomass powder 11 is smoothly dropped.
Further, the cutout hole 28 is provided at a position offset from the fixed hole 23 to prevent the biomass powder from dropping directly from the input hole 23 into the cutout hole 28.

Moreover, although the opening part 26 formed in the rotating plate 27 is a U shape which has an opening part in the outer peripheral side in a present Example, this invention is not limited to this. Note that the opening diameter of the opening 26 is preferably larger than the opening diameter of the insertion hole 23 of the fixing plate 24.
Moreover, it is preferable that the numbers of the insertion holes 23 and the openings 26 are the same.

  In addition, a biomass supply device 33 is disposed on the upper side of the hopper 21 to supply a predetermined amount of preliminarily pulverized biomass particles.

  Further, the biomass granular material 11 cut out from the cutout hole 28 by a predetermined amount is supplied to the feeder 41 by a cutout tube 34 provided in the vertical axis direction.

  The feeder 41 has a screw 42 having a rotation axis in a direction orthogonal to the vertical axis, and gradually supplies the supplied biomass into the gasification furnace 12 according to the number of rotations. Further, the rotation of the feeder 41 is linked with a rotating plate rotated by the motor M of the hopper so as to feed a predetermined amount of biomass granular material 11 cut out by a predetermined amount.

  In this embodiment, the tip 42a of the screw 42 protrudes into the gasification furnace 12, and the tip has a half-like shape having a notch 43 on the gasification furnace upper side.

Thus, while projecting the front-end | tip part 42a of the feeder 41 to the inside of a gasification furnace, and making the projecting front-end | tip part 42a into a half shape, when the biomass granular material 11 is supplied, it is from below. It is preferable that it is not directly exposed to the water vapor 51. As a result, since it does not come into direct contact with water vapor, it is prevented from becoming a lump, and the water vapor gasification reaction proceeds efficiently.
That is, a negative pressure and a vortex are generated in the half-shaped rear portion of the tip end portion 42a, and the biomass granular material 11 can be reliably placed on the upward flow of water vapor, and supplied from the screw feeder into the gasifier 12 To do smoothly.

  This half portion is preferably about 0.1 to 0.5 pitch in terms of screw pitch.

  The biomass granular material 11 supplied into the gasification furnace 12 is steamed and gasified together with separately supplied water vapor 51 to generate a product gas 52. The produced gas 52 is removed by a cyclone 53 and then sent to a liquid fuel production apparatus (not shown) to produce a liquid fuel such as ethanol.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, biomass is taken as an example of the granular material, but the present invention is not limited to this, and can be used alone as a hopper for feeding a predetermined amount of granular material other than biomass.

  Moreover, according to the gasification system concerning a present Example, since a biomass granular material does not remain in the supply pipe | tube to a hopper or a screw feeder, stable supply can be performed. In addition, the supply of biomass powder from the hopper to the screw feeder is always performed constantly, and the supply from the screw feeder to the gasifier is performed smoothly, satisfying these simultaneously as a gasification system. And efficient biomass gasification can be realized.

  As described above, the biomass gasification system according to the present invention can stably supply biomass powder and is suitable for use in efficient biomass gasification equipment.

It is the schematic of the biomass gasification system concerning an Example. It is the cross-sectional schematic of the hopper concerning an Example. It is a block diagram of the hopper and screw concerning an Example. It is a block diagram of the screw and gasification furnace concerning an Example. It is a VV cross-sectional arrow view of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Biomass granular material 12 Gasification furnace 21 Hopper 22 Hopper main body 23 Insertion hole 24 Fixed plate 25 Bottom plate 26 Opening part 27 Rotating plate 28 Cutting hole 29 Conical part 30 Stirring blade 31 Stirring shaft 41 Feeder 42 Screw 51 Water vapor 52 Generated gas

Claims (8)

A hopper for supplying a predetermined amount of a powder granulated into a predetermined size,
A tubular hopper body,
In the vicinity of the lower end portion of the side wall of the hopper body, a fixing plate that is provided in a bowl shape toward the inside and has a charging hole for powder particles,
Between the fixed plate and the bottom plate of the hopper body, a rotary plate provided with a plurality of openings provided so as to be rotatable about a vertical axis and having a hole diameter substantially coinciding with the insertion hole;
A hopper formed on a bottom plate of a hopper body, and having a cut-out hole for cutting out a granular material for each predetermined amount. In claim 1,
A hopper comprising a conical portion fixed at the center of the rotating plate, and a stirring blade provided at the conical portion. In claim 1 or 2,
A hopper comprising a cutting tube for supplying a granular material cut out from the cut-out hole every predetermined amount to a feeder. A hopper as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3;
A gasification system comprising: a gasification furnace that gasifies the supplied granular material. In claim 4,
With a screw that communicates with the cutting cylinder and extrudes the granular material cut out at a constant amount into the gasification furnace,
A gasification system, wherein a tip portion of the screw protrudes into the gasification furnace. In claim 5,
The gasification system characterized in that the tip of the screw has a halved shape having a notch on the upper side of the gasification furnace. In claim 5,
A gasification system characterized in that rotation of a rotating plate of a hopper and rotation of a screw are interlocked. In any one of Claims 4 thru | or 7,
A gasification system, wherein the powder is a biomass powder.

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