JP2006080033A - Liquid filling battery - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a liquid filling battery with a high reliability capable of filling an electrolytic solution into a power generation part rapidly and positively. <P>SOLUTION: The liquid filling battery comprises an ampule filled with an electrolytic solution, a power generation part including a plurality of units cells laminated, and a structure having an ampule housing part, a power generation part housing part, and a liquid filling passage and an exhaust air passage communicating the ampule part and the power generation part housing part. The ampule and the power generation part are arranged through the liquid filling passage and the ampule is located with its sealing part on the opposite side of the liquid filling passage, and the ampule housing part has at least one groove connected to the liquid filling passage. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a liquid injection type battery that is mounted on a flying object and is activated only by an impact when the flying object is launched. More specifically, the present invention relates to a small-sized injection type battery with a low voltage.

  In recent years, the amount of electrolytic solution to be used has been reduced as the size of the injection type battery has been reduced. There is a demand for a structure in which an ampoule containing a small amount of electrolyte can be reliably cracked by an impact and the electrolyte can be supplied to the power generation unit without a shortage.

As a novel injection type battery that is activated only by a launch impact, the present inventors arranged an ampoule enclosing an electrolyte, an injection path for introducing the electrolyte to the power generation unit, and a power generation unit in that order, and the ampoule side We are investigating a liquid-injection battery with a structure that mounts the airframe toward the front of the flying object.
When a force from the impact is applied in the direction from the ampoule to the power generation unit, the ampoule collides with the bottom of the ampoule storage unit, that is, the inner wall on the power generation unit side, the ampoule is destroyed, and the electrolyte enclosed in the ampoule is externally Scatter to. And since the electrolyte solution released from the ampoule flows in the direction opposite to the traveling direction of the flying object, it flows from the ampoule storage part to the power generation part through the liquid injection path. In this way, the electrolytic solution can be supplied to the power generation unit only by the launch impact to generate a voltage.

By the way, an ampoule is filled with an electrolytic solution through an opening having a reduced diameter, and then the opening is melted and sealed with a gas burner. The ampoule sealing portion thus formed is thicker than the other portions and has a large variation in thickness. When the ampoule is stored in the storage part so that such a sealing part is located on the power generation part side, the sealing part of the ampoule collides with the bottom of the ampoule storage part due to the launch impact. For this reason, when the impact force to the ampoule is small, the ampoule is not sufficiently destroyed, and a part of the electrolyte solution may remain in the ampoule, and the electrolyte solution may not be sufficiently supplied to the power generation unit.
Further, even when the ampule is broken into pieces, the ampule fragments may fold over the inlet of the liquid injection path of the ampule storage section and block the inlet, and the electrolyte may not flow into the power generation section quickly.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a highly reliable liquid injection type battery that can quickly and surely inject an electrolytic solution into a power generation unit in order to solve the above-described problems.

  The injection type battery of the present invention includes (a) an ampoule enclosing an electrolyte, (b) a power generation unit including a plurality of stacked single cells, (c) an ampoule storage unit, a power generation unit storage unit, and A structure having an injection path and an exhaust path communicating with the ampoule storage section and the power generation section storage section, the ampoule and the power generation section being arranged via the liquid injection path, and sealing the ampoule The section is located on the opposite side of the power generation section, and the ampoule storage section has at least one groove connected to the liquid injection path.

  End surfaces of the stacked single cells are arranged toward the liquid injection path, the liquid injection path includes a plurality of flow paths divided corresponding to the single cells, and the ampoule storage part includes: It is preferable to have at least one groove that communicates with each flow path in a portion that continues to the liquid injection path.

  According to the present invention, the electrolytic solution can be quickly and reliably injected into the power generation unit. Therefore, it is possible to provide a highly reliable liquid injection battery in which the voltage rises quickly and is reliably activated.

As an example of an embodiment of the present invention, a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of a front surface and a side surface of a low-voltage, small-sized injection type battery is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, respectively.
The stainless steel structure 3 housed in the stainless steel case 5 includes an ampoule housing part 1a for housing an ampoule, a power generation part housing part 2a for housing a power generating part below the ampoule housing part 1a, and an ampoule housing. It has a liquid injection path 8 and an exhaust path 9 that connect the section 1a and the power generation section storage section 2a.

  An ampoule 1 in which an electrolytic solution made of a perchloric acid aqueous solution is enclosed is disposed in the ampoule housing 1a. In the power generation section storage section 2a, a power generation section 2 composed of a plurality of single cells, which is configured by alternately laminating separators 24 and electrode bodies 25, is disposed. The ampule 1, the liquid injection path 8, and the power generation unit 2 are arranged in that order, and so that their central portions are arranged in a substantially straight line. And this injection type | mold battery is mounted with the ampoule side facing the front part of a flying body. Therefore, the projectile impact of the flying object is applied to the liquid injection type battery in the direction of the arrow shown in FIG.

  When a force due to a launch impact is applied to the liquid injection type battery in the direction of the arrow shown in FIG. 2, the ampoule 1 is broken and the enclosed electrolyte is scattered to the outside. Although there is no turning, the electrolytic solution flows through the liquid injection path 8 and flows into the power generation unit 2 due to the launch impact (in the direction of the arrow indicated by the broken line in FIG. 2). Since the inside of the battery is hermetically sealed, the volume of air into which the electrolytic solution has flowed into the power generation unit storage unit 2a passes through the exhaust path 9 and is exhausted to the ampoule storage unit 1a. The exhaust path 9 is connected to the upper side of the ampoule storage part from the upper side surface of the power generation part, bypassing the side of the ampoule storage part so as not to overlap the liquid injection path 8.

  Furthermore, the ampoule 1 in the ampoule storage part 1a is installed with the sealing part 1b opposite to the power generation part 2. Accordingly, when receiving a launch impact in the direction of the arrow shown in FIG. 2, the thin surface on the side opposite to the sealing portion 1b of the ampule 1 collides with the bottom of the ampule housing portion 1a, that is, the inner wall on the power generation portion 2 side. To do. Therefore, even if the impact force is small, the ampoule 1 is easily broken finely, and a part of the electrolyte does not remain in the ampoule 1, and a sufficient amount of the electrolyte is reliably supplied to the power generation unit 2. .

  Here, FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the power generation unit 2. As the electrode body 25, one in which a positive electrode 23 made of lead dioxide is coated on one surface of a substrate 22 made of nickel or the like and a negative electrode 21 made of lead is coated on the other surface is used. The single cell 26 includes a negative electrode 21, a separator 24 made of cellulose, and a positive electrode 23. The power generation unit 2 is arranged so that the end surfaces of the stacked single cells 26, that is, the end surfaces of the positive electrode, the negative electrode, and the separator constituting the single cell 26 face the liquid injection channel 8 side.

The liquid injection path 8 includes a plurality of flow paths divided for each single cell 26 constituting the power generation unit 2, and one flow path is disposed above the single cell 26. For this reason, electrolyte solution flows into each single cell simultaneously and equally.
In addition, as the shape of the liquid injection path, there may be a single inlet for the liquid injection path, branched internally to form a plurality of flow paths, and a plurality of outlets.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the bottom portion of the ampoule storage portion 1 a is composed of the lowest belt-like portion 11 and an inclined portion 12 connecting the belt-like portion 11 and the side portion, and a liquid injection path 8 is provided in the portion 11. It has been. In addition, the inclined portion 12 is provided with a pair of grooves 8 a connected to the respective liquid injection paths 8. Thereby, even if the finely broken pieces of the ampoule 1 fold over the liquid injection path 8, the electrolyte can flow into the liquid injection path 8 through the groove 8a. Thereby, electrolyte solution can flow in into the electric power generation part 2 reliably and rapidly.

It is preferable that the width of the groove is at least smaller than the diameter of the liquid injection path in that ampule fragments are difficult to enter. Moreover, it is preferable that the groove | channel is extended in the direction of the side surface of the ampoule accommodating part from the pouring path at the bottom part of an ampoule accommodating part at the point of sending electrolyte solution as much as possible to a pouring path rapidly. Also, since the electrolyte is easy to flow into the liquid injection path, the liquid injection path is opened at the lowest part of the central part at the bottom of the ampoule storage part, and the groove is provided in the inclined part connected to the lowest part. Is preferred.
In the above structure, one flow path is provided above each single cell constituting the power generation unit, but a plurality of flow paths may be provided. Moreover, although it was set as the structure which provided two each of the groove | channels connected to each flow path, the number of the grooves connected to each flow path is not limited to this.

Temporary lids 4 are respectively disposed on the upper part of the ampoule storage part 1a and the lower part of the power generation part storage part 2a so that the electrolyte does not leak outside. Between the structure 3 and the case 5, a pair of lead wires 6a and 6b for connecting the output terminals 10a and 10b and the power generation unit 2 are arranged.
A lid 7 is formed of a resin made of polyethylene or the like on the upper part of the case 5 and the ampoule housing portion 1a, thereby sealing the case 5.

  Examples of the present invention will be described in detail below. However, the present invention is not limited to these examples.

Example 1
An ampoule containing a predetermined amount of electrolyte was placed on a sealing stand and a sealing cover was installed. The neck portion was heated with a gas burner, and at the same time the neck portion melted and dripped, the opening of the knob ampoule was sealed with a sealing jig to form the sealing portion 1b. And the sealing part 1b was grind | polished so that it might be in the specification of the height dimension of an ampoule. At this time, the thickness of the ampule 1 was 0.3 to 0.5 mm, and the thickness of the sealing portion 1b was 1 to 1.5 mm.

  A liquid injection type battery having the same structure as that shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 was produced. As the power generation unit 2, a power generation unit configured by three single cells 26 in which cellulose separators 24 and electrode bodies 25 are alternately stacked is used. As the electrode body 25, as shown in FIG. 3, one surface of a substrate 22 made of nickel was coated with a positive electrode 23 made of lead dioxide, and the other surface was coated with a negative electrode 21 made of lead. A stainless steel structure 3 having a liquid injection path 8 composed of three flow paths as shown in FIG. 2 was used so as to correspond to each of the three single cells 26. And the electric power generation part 2 was arrange | positioned so that one end surface of each single cell 26 might oppose the liquid injection path 8. FIG. An ampoule 1 made of glass was filled with an electrolytic solution made of a perchloric acid aqueous solution.

<< Comparative Example 1 >>
A liquid injection type battery was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the groove 8a was not provided in the ampoule housing portion 1a and a structure similar to the structure 3 was used.
<< Comparative Example 2 >>
A liquid injection type battery was produced in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 except that the ampoule 1 was placed in the ampoule storage part 1a with the sealing part 1b facing downward, that is, the power generation part 2 side.

Ten injection-type batteries of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were produced. Then, at normal temperature, the ampoule was broken by applying an impact force corresponding to a launch impact (10000 G) without turning each battery. At this time, the number of batteries whose battery voltage rose to 4 V or more within 0.1 seconds was examined.
The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.

  In Example 1, since the ampule was surely broken into pieces and the electrolyte flowed into each single cell reliably and sufficiently, a predetermined voltage was generated in time for all the batteries. On the other hand, in Comparative Example 1, since the ampoule storage part is not provided with a groove continuous with the liquid injection path, broken ampoule fragments blocked the liquid injection path, so that the electrolyte solution to the power generation part There was a battery that was not supplied quickly and the voltage did not rise within a predetermined time. In Comparative Example 2, since the ampoule is not sufficiently broken, a part of the electrolyte remains in the ampoule, the supply of the electrolyte to the power generation unit becomes insufficient, and the voltage does not rise normally. It was.

  As described above, since the injection type battery of the present invention has high reliability, it can be applied as a power source mounted on a high-performance flying object.

It is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view in the side surface of the injection type battery of this invention. It is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view in the front of the injection type battery of this invention. FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a portion X (power generation unit) in FIG. 2. It is the figure which looked at the ampoule accommodating part in the injection type battery of this invention from the direction (direction of the arrow shown in FIG. 2) which receives a launch impact.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Ampoule 1a Ampoule storage part 1b Sealing part 2 Power generation part 2a Power generation part storage part 3 Structure 4 Temporary cover 5 Case 7 Lid 8 Liquid injection path 8a Groove 9 Exhaust path 10a, 10b Output terminal

Claims (2)

(A) an ampoule enclosing an electrolyte solution,
(B) a power generation unit including a plurality of stacked single cells; and (c) an ampoule storage unit, a power generation unit storage unit, and a liquid injection path and an exhaust path that connect the ampoule storage unit and the power generation unit storage unit. Comprising a structure having
The ampoule and the power generation unit are arranged via the liquid injection path,
The ampoule is located on the side opposite to the liquid injection path,
The liquid injection type battery, wherein the ampoule storage part has at least one groove connected to the liquid injection path. The end face of the laminated single cell is arranged toward the liquid injection path,
The liquid injection path includes a plurality of flow paths divided corresponding to the single cells,
The liquid injection type battery according to claim 1, wherein the ampoule storage portion has at least one groove communicating with each flow path at a portion connected to the liquid injection path.

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