JP2006067784A - Rotating machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a natural power generating system which can substantially continuously correspond to increasing/decreasing natural power and has a high-power generation efficiency even with small natural power, a wheel drive system which is used by a car to be accelerated and decelerated, and can adjust the driving rotational torque in accelerating the wheel and can also adjust the power generation torque in reducing the wheel, and to provide a rotating machine used for the systems. <P>SOLUTION: The wind force power generating system 212 is equipped with a frame 11, an impeller 12 installed rotatably relative to the frame and rotated by the natural force, a ring-shaped rotor 127 installed near the axis of the impeller, and a ring-shaped stator 131 arranged with a gap, with respect to the rotor and mounted on the frame 11. The rotor 127 is mounted on a drum 213 installed on the boss 24 of the impeller 12, and the stator 131 is installed on the frame 11, in such a way as to move in the vertical directions according to the intensity of the wind force. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a rotating machine. Specifically, the present invention relates to a rotating machine that can be used as a generator that can be used in a power generation system that uses natural force or a motor that can rotate wheels of an automobile or the like.

International Publication No. WO03 / 067079A1 International Publication WO2004 / 009993A1 JP 2000-236698 A

  The inventor previously impeller that rotates about the vertical axis, a frame that rotatably supports the impeller, a ring member that is disposed at a position corresponding to the peripheral edge of the impeller of the frame, Proposed is a wind turbine support structure for wind power generation comprising a wheel or magnetic repulsion means interposed between a peripheral portion and a ring member (Patent Document 1). In this wind turbine support structure, the shaft (or boss) of the impeller is rotatably supported by a bearing provided on a frame, and a generator is disposed in the bearing.

  In such a power generation system that uses natural power such as wind power, it is inevitable that the direction of the wind changes or the wind power increases or decreases sequentially. Similar problems occur when other natural forces such as hydropower are used. The present inventor arranges a plurality of generators on the peripheral part of the windmill, and among the generators, several generators are connected to a load so as to be freely connectable / disconnectable. A wind power generation system has been proposed in which a small number of generators are operated by switching, and many generators are operated when the wind power becomes strong (see Patent Document 2). Even if the wind power changes greatly, this can maintain the power generation efficiency in a high state by changing the number of generators to be operated. Patent Document 3 discloses a similar wind power generator.

  In the wind turbine support structure of Patent Document 1, since the generator is provided in the bearing, it is difficult to employ a large generator. In addition, when a large generator is adopted, the bearing becomes large and the configuration becomes complicated. On the other hand, if many generators are arrange | positioned at the peripheral part of an impeller like patent document 2, electric power generation efficiency will fall. Further, since the wind power generation system of Patent Document 2 is an alternative of disconnecting or connecting the generator from the load, continuous adjustment is difficult. Further, even if the generator is disconnected from the load, a certain amount of magnetic attraction is generated between the stator having a built-in coil and the rotor having a built-in magnet, and rotation resistance is generated by this action. Therefore, when wind power becomes weak, the number of revolutions decreases and the amount of power generation decreases considerably.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can respond to increasing and decreasing natural forces almost continuously, and is used in a natural force power generation system having a high power generation efficiency even with a small natural force, and a rotational torque that is used for accelerating and decelerating a vehicle to drive its wheels. It is an object of the present invention to provide a wheel drive system that can adjust the power generation torque when the wheel is decelerated, and a rotating machine used for these.

  The rotating machine according to the present invention includes a cylindrical drum, a core inserted from the opening of the drum so as to share a central axis with the drum, and either the inner peripheral surface of the drum or the outer peripheral surface of the core A plurality of field magnets arranged annularly at an equal distance from the central axis, and a coil group arranged at an equal distance from the central axis provided on the other, the core Gap adjusting means having a constant gap between the opposing field magnet and the coil group when inserted into the drum, and converting the arrangement of the field magnet and the coil group with the central axis constant. (Claim 1).

  In such a rotating machine, the gap adjusting means is means for moving the drum and / or the core in the axial direction (Claim 2), or the gap adjusting means is the drum and / or the core. (Claim 3) is a means for expanding or reducing the diameter in the radial direction.

  According to a second aspect of the rotating machine of the present invention, a rotating plate, a fixed plate provided with the rotating plate and a gap, and provided on either the rotating plate or the fixed plate, the central axis of the rotating plate is provided. A plurality of field magnets arranged annularly at equal distances, and a coil group arranged at equal distances from the central axis of the rotating plate provided on the other, the rotating plate or fixed plate, The rotary plate is configured to be movable in the axial direction or the radial direction (claim 4).

  The natural power generation system of the present invention includes any one of the rotating machines described above, and is provided with a frame including one of a drum and a core, and is rotatably provided with respect to the frame. It is characterized by comprising a rotating body that is rotated by natural force with the other (claim 5).

  The wheel drive system of the present invention includes any one of the rotating machines described above, and is provided with a frame including one of a drum and a core, and is rotatably provided with respect to the frame. It comprises the axle provided with the other (Claim 6).

  The rotating machine according to the present invention includes a cylindrical drum, a core inserted from the opening of the drum so as to share a central axis with the drum, and either the inner peripheral surface of the drum or the outer peripheral surface of the core A plurality of field magnets arranged annularly at an equal distance from the central axis, and a coil group arranged at an equal distance from the central axis provided on the other, the core When inserted in the drum, there is a certain gap between the opposing field magnet and the coil group, so that it can be used as a motor by passing an alternating current through the coil group. On the other hand, it can be used as a generator by rotating the drum and the core relatively. Further, since the gap adjusting means for changing the arrangement of the field magnet and the coil group with the central axis being constant is provided, the influence of the field magnet and the coil group can be strengthened by adjusting the gap. Can be weakened. Therefore, when used as a motor, the rotational torque can be increased or decreased. And when using it as a generator, electric power generation amount can be enlarged or reduced with respect to the rotating body rotating at the same speed. In other words, the generator or motor is used in the most energy efficient state by adjusting the gap of the rotating machine according to the usage environment or usage status of the machine using the rotating machine (for example, the generator or the motor). (Claim 1).

  In the rotating machine of the present invention, when the gap adjusting means is means for moving the drum and / or the core in the axial direction (Claim 2), or the gap adjusting means makes the drum and / or the core a radius. In the case of means for expanding or reducing the diameter in the direction (Claim 3), the configuration of the rotating machine can be simplified.

  According to a second aspect of the rotating machine of the present invention, the rotating plate, a fixed plate provided with a gap from the rotating plate, and the rotating plate or the fixed plate are provided on either one of the rotating plate and the axial center of the rotating plate. A plurality of field magnets arranged annularly at equal distances, and a coil group arranged at equal distances from the axial center of the rotating plate provided on the other, the rotating plate or fixed plate, Since it is configured to be movable in the axial direction or the radial direction of the rotating plate, the gap between the rotating plate and the fixed plate can be adjusted in the same manner as the rotating machine described above, and an efficient use situation can be searched. (Claim 4).

  Next, an embodiment of the rotating machine of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 is a perspective view showing an entire wind power generation system using the rotating machine of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an elevation view of the wind power generation system, FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a frame in the power generation system of FIG. 1 is a plan view of the power generation system of FIG. 1, FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing an impeller in the power generation system of FIG. 1, and FIG. 6 is an elevation view of a wind power generation system using another embodiment of the rotating machine of the present invention. 7a, 7b, and 7c are a schematic plan view, a cross-sectional view, and a schematic plan view, respectively, showing a power generation unit related to a wind power generation system using still another embodiment of the rotating machine of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing an electric power conversion device of the wind power generation system of FIG. 9, and FIG. 11 is a sectional view of the main part of the wind power generation system using still another embodiment of the rotating machine of the present invention. The main part plan view of the device, FIGS. FIG. 17 is a perspective view showing a wheel drive system using a rotating machine according to the present invention, FIG. 17 is a perspective view showing a wheel drive system using the rotating machine according to the present invention, and FIG. The perspective view which shows the wheel drive system using other embodiment of the rotary machine of invention, FIG. 19 is the schematic of the four-wheeled vehicle carrying a wheel drive system.

  First, the entire wind power generation system will be described with reference to FIG. A wind power generation system 212 shown in FIG. 1 includes a frame 11 and an impeller 12 provided in two upper and lower stages in the frame, and the impeller 12 is arranged around a vertical axis with respect to the frame 11. It is provided rotatably. And the electric power generation part 14 (refer FIG. 2) is provided in the axial center vicinity of the blade | wing of the lower end part of the impeller 12. FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the frame 11 includes three legs 15 extending in the vertical direction and a connecting member 16 for connecting the legs at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. The connecting member 16 is provided at the upper end of the leg 15, a position somewhat above the lower end, and three steps in between. The impeller 12 is accommodated in the spaces S <b> 1 and S <b> 2 between the connecting members 16. The connecting member 16 includes three spokes 17 that extend radially, and a ring 18 that connects the vicinity of the outer ends of the spokes 17. Further, a pair of upper and lower bearings 19 and 20 for rotatably supporting the impeller 12 are provided at the center of the spoke 17 of each connecting member 16.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the impeller 12 extends in the vertical direction, and has an upper end and a lower end fixed to bearings 19 and 20 of the frame 11, and a vertical direction fixed to the shaft. A pair of bosses 23 and 24, five horizontal blades 25 extending radially from each boss, and vertical blades 26 fixed to the tips of the upper and lower horizontal blades 25 are configured. That is, in this embodiment, five vertical blades 26 and double the horizontal blades 25 are provided. Further, the upper ends and the lower ends of the vertical blades 26 are connected to each other by reinforcing rings 21 and 21 attached to the inner periphery thereof, thereby improving the strength of the impeller 12 as a whole. However, the reinforcing ring 21 may not be provided. Here, the bosses 23 and 24 of the impeller 12 are rotatably supported by the shaft 22 via bearings.

  In this embodiment, the horizontal blade 25 has an airfoil shape having a cross-sectional shape in which buoyancy works upward when the shaft 22 rotates counterclockwise when viewed from above. In addition, you may incline so that a front end may become upward regarding a rotation direction, and you may combine a specific airfoil and a specific inclination. Further, the inclination may be adjusted. The number of the vertical blades 26 may be about 3 or 10 or more.

  When the vertical blades 26 receive wind from the lateral direction, the vertical blades 26 have an airfoil shape in which the resultant force of the five vertical blades 26 generates a counterclockwise moment when viewed from above. The vertical blades 26 may also be tilted around the vertical axis, and the airfoil and tilt may be combined. Further, the inclination may be adjusted.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the upper end and the lower end of the shaft 22 of each impeller 12 are supported by an upper support member 19 and a lower support member 20, respectively. In the mounted state as shown in FIG. 1, the weight of the impeller 12 is basically supported by the lower bearing 20. Further, between the lower end of the vertical blade 26 and the upper surface of the ring 18 of the frame, a magnetic levitation structure J that reduces the weight of the impeller 12 or balances the weight is provided. This magnetic levitation structure J can be constituted by a permanent magnet provided at the lower end of the vertical blade 26 and a permanent magnet or electromagnet provided on the ring 18. Further, it is supported by the lift generated by the horizontal blades 25 as it rotates.

The power generation unit 14 includes a cylindrical or substantially cup-shaped drum 213 attached to the lower boss 23 of the impeller 12, an annularly arranged rotor 127 attached to the inner surface of the drum 213, and its rotation It is comprised by the stator and the cyclic | annular stator 131 currently fixed to the shaft 22 so that a clearance gap may be faced.
The rotor 127 can be composed of a permanent magnet or the like, and the stator 131 can be composed of a coil array or the like.

  Further, as shown by the arrows in FIG. 2, the power generation amount is adjusted by adjusting the position of the stator 131 vertically with respect to the frame 12. When the area where the rotor 127 and the stator 131 overlap is large, the power generation amount increases and the rotation resistance increases. When the area is small, the power generation amount decreases and the rotation resistance decreases. Therefore, when the wind power is weak, control is performed so as to reduce the overlapping area, and conversely, when the wind power is strong, control is performed so as to increase the overlapping area. As a result, the resistance of rotation or the amount of power generation can be adjusted steplessly and power can be generated efficiently.

  As a mechanism for driving the stator 131 up and down, a screw mechanism or a rack-and-pinion mechanism or the like is used to convert it into a vertical movement (in the direction of the rotational axis), such as an air cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder. Various methods such as a method using a fluid pressure cylinder can be adopted. Note that the rotor 127 may be driven up and down with respect to the stator 131. Such control can be automatic control by combining, for example, a wind sensor and a motor that rotates in accordance with the output of the wind sensor. The output of the generator itself can also be used as a wind sensor.

  In the wind power generation system configured as described above, when the wind blows, the impeller 12 rotates counterclockwise (arrow P1 in FIG. 4) when viewed from above. Then, the magnetic field lines of the permanent magnet of the rotor 127 cross the coil row of the stator 131, so that an electromotive force is generated in the coil, and the electric power can be taken out from both ends of the coil via the control unit or the like. Since the power generation unit 14 is disposed in the vicinity of the shaft center of the impeller, the rotation radius of the rotor 127 is smaller than the rotation radius of the vertical blade 26 that receives wind force. It is possible to strongly counter the rotational resistance generated between the stator 131 and the power generation efficiency is high.

  Moreover, when wind power falls and the rotation speed of an impeller falls, it is comprised in a control part etc. to stop the power transmission from a coil row | line | column to the exterior, and to supply electric power to a coil row | line | column. Thereby, the electric power generation part 14 acts as a motor and can rotate the impeller 12 in the same direction. Therefore, the impeller 12 continues to rotate even if it is late without stopping. However, no power can be generated during that time. Also in the case of acting as a motor, the rotational force can be adjusted by moving the stator 131 or the rotor up and down. Then, when the wind begins to blow again, the power transmission body by the control unit or the like is restored to generate power. In this case, since the blades are not stopped, there is no need to rotate against the static friction force as in the case of starting rotation from the stopped state. The motor operation and the power generation operation can be switched, for example, by providing a sensor for detecting the rotation speed, and automatically switching depending on whether the rotation speed is decreased or increased from the basic value of the predetermined rotation speed. Good.

  Further, since the buoyancy is obtained by the horizontal blades 25, the impeller 12 may float when the rotation speed increases and the lift by the horizontal blades 25 increases. At that time, control may be performed so that the overlap area between the rotor 127 and the stator 131 is maximized. Furthermore, an electromagnet may be employed in the magnetic levitation structure J, and the magnetic levitation force may be increased as the power generation amount of the generator 14 increases.

  In the natural power generation system shown in FIG. 6, the power generation unit 14 is provided near the lower end of the impeller 12. The generator 14 is provided on rotors 31a and 31b made of permanent magnets provided in the vicinity of the lower end of the vertical blade 26, on the inside and outside of the rotor, and on a frame and a ring fixed to the frame. It consists of stators 32a and 32b. Further, as shown in FIG. 7a, the generator 14 is configured to be adjustable in position so that the stator 32 can be displaced in the radial direction. That is, in this embodiment, in the relationship between the rotor 31a and the stator 32a, the impeller 12 that fixes the rotor 31a serves as a drum, and the member that movably fixes the stator 32a serves as a core. In the relationship between the rotor 31b and the stator 32b, the impeller 12 that fixes the rotor 31b serves as a core, and the member that movably fixes the stator 32b serves as a drum. To play a role. As a result, the outer stator 32 is moved outward, the inner coil 32 is moved inward, and the gap between the stator and the rotor is adjusted so that the rotational resistance is reduced, but the amount of power generation is reduced. . Conversely, if the adjustment is made narrower, the amount of power generation increases, but the rotational resistance increases. In the case of the stators arranged in an annular shape, the stators are arranged with a large number of stator gaps. When moving inward in the radial direction, the gaps are clogged, but there is no problem in the normal adjustment range.

  Moreover, you may comprise the coil row | line | column (stator) 32a, 32b so that position adjustment is possible to an up-down direction like the electric power generation part shown in FIG. 7b. In this case as well, if the vertical positions of the stators 32a and 32b and the rotors 31a and 3b are shifted, the rotational resistance can be reduced, but the amount of power generation is reduced. When the vertical positions are matched, the amount of power generation increases, but the resistance to rotation increases. In addition, you may combine the position adjustment of the radial direction (width direction) of FIG. 7a, and the position adjustment of the up-down direction of FIG. 7b. Such a position adjustment mechanism may be adjusted at the time of assembly or at the time of maintenance, but may be configured to be adjusted by a remote operation by a driving source such as a motor. In that case, for example, it can be configured to automatically adjust according to the required power or according to the wind force at that time.

  The power generation unit 181 shown in FIG. 7c includes rotors 31a and 31b each having a permanent magnet (field magnet) mounted on the outer side and the inner side of the support frame 182 at the center so that the position thereof can be adjusted in the radial direction. Such an adjustment mechanism is configured such that, for example, the wedge member 183 provided on the support frame 182 and the wedge member 184 provided on the rotors 31a and 31b can be slidably fixed at the position adjusted. Can be realized. However, other position adjusting mechanisms such as screws may be used. Thus, when it comprises so that the width | variety (thickness) of the permanent magnet of rotor 31a, 31b can be adjusted, the gap of stator (coil row | line | column) 32a, 32b and rotor (permanent magnet) 31a, 31b is expanded. Rotational resistance decreases, but the amount of power generation also decreases. If it is narrowed, the amount of power generation increases, but the rotational resistance increases. Therefore, the power generation amount can be adjusted according to the increase or decrease of the air volume or the required increase or decrease of the power generation amount.

  The wind power generation system 214 shown in FIG. 8 is provided with the exception that the stator 131 is provided outside the drum 213 and the wheel 27 is rotatably provided at the lower end of the vertical blade 26 to roll on the ring 18. 1 is substantially the same as the wind power generation system 212 of FIG. Stator 131 can also be provided on both the inside and outside of drum 213. This can also be configured such that the stator 131 is movable up and down and the overlap area is controlled according to the wind force.

  A wind power generation system 215 shown in FIG. 9 has a disk-shaped rotating plate 191 provided with a rotor (permanent magnet) 31 around a shaft 22 fixed to a boss 24 on the lower side of the impeller 12 and a frame 11. The stator 200 adjacent to the upper and lower sides of the rotating plate 191 is provided in a bracket or drum 212 attached to the rotary plate 191. The stator 200 may be only on the upper side or the lower side. This also includes adjusting means for driving the upper and lower stators 200 up and down in the axial direction of the rotor. The rotor 31 and the stator 200 constitute the power generation unit 14. As the magnetic levitation structure J, a permanent magnet 47 provided on the vertical blade 26 and a coil (electromagnet) 48 provided on the frame 11 are employed.

As shown in detail in FIG. 10, the power generation unit 14 includes a cylindrical rotating plate 191 including a rotor (permanent magnet) 31, and a roller guide 192 near the upper end and the lower end of the rotating disk. . Further, lower fixed side repulsion magnets 195 and 195 are arranged on the inner side and outer side of the moving side repulsion magnet 194 separately from the power generation rotor (permanent magnet) 31 on the upper and lower portions of the rotating disk 191. The lower fixed side repulsion magnets 196 and 196 are disposed inside and outside the lower movement side repulsion magnet 194. Each repulsion magnet is usually composed of a permanent magnet, but may be an electromagnet. The fixed-side repulsive magnets 195 and 196 are supported by screw structures such as bolts 197 and nuts 198 so that the distance from the rotating plate 191 can be adjusted.
Further, the stator 200 is arranged so as not to rotate by the guide 206 and to be slidable up and down. Then, the screw shaft 207 is fixed to the back side of the stator 200, and when the screw shaft 208 rotates in one direction, the screw shaft 207 rises and the distance between the stator 200 and the rotating plate 191 increases, and in the opposite direction. When rotating, the distance becomes narrower.

  Further, in this embodiment, the nut member 208 is formed integrally with the sprocket 210 or connected to the sprocket 210, and the sprocket 210 is rotationally driven by a chain 211 shown in FIG. The sprocket 210 and the chain 211 are engaged with each other so that the sprocket 210 and the chain 211 are alternately engaged with each other from the opposite side, and the chain 211 travels in a staggered or zigzag manner. As a result, the meshing rate increases and the transmission efficiency of force from the chain 211 to the sprocket 210 increases.

  As the chain 211 is arranged in a zigzag manner, the screws of the screw shaft 207 are arranged such that right screws and left screws are alternately arranged for each adjacent stator 200. Note that it is not necessary to connect all the stators 200 with one chain 211, and one chain 211 may be disposed for each appropriate number of stators.

  Although not shown in FIG. 10, the lower stator 200 is similarly configured to be vertically adjustable with a sprocket and a chain. The upper sprocket 210 and the lower sprocket are synchronized so that when the upper stator 200 is raised, the lower stator 200 is lowered, and when the upper stator 200 is lowered, the lower stator is lowered. 200 is configured to rise. Each chain 211 can be driven by a drive sprocket connected to an adjustment motor (not shown). As shown in FIG. 10, the return chain 211 passes through the side of the sprocket 210. However, the upper and lower sprockets 210 can be driven in synchronism with the loop of the same chain 211 through the lower side. .

  In the natural power generation system 215 including the power generation unit 14 described above, a motor that drives the chain 211 based on a sensor that detects wind power or a detector that detects the amount of power generation, for example, an electrical measuring instrument such as a voltmeter or an ammeter. Is configured to automatically control. That is, when the wind force is weak or the amount of power generation is low, the motor is rotated so that the distance between the stator 200 and the rotating plate 191 is increased. When the distance between the stator 200 and the rotating plate 191 is increased, the interaction between the coils of the stator 200 and the magnet of the rotating plate 191 is weakened, and the generated power is reduced. As a result, the resistance based on power generation is reduced, and it is easy to rotate when wind power is weak or even at the beginning of rotation.

  On the other hand, when the wind force becomes stronger or the amount of power generation increases, the adjustment motor is rotated to reduce the distance. When the distance between the stator 200 and the rotating plate 191 is reduced, the interaction between the coil of the stator 200 and the magnet of the rotating plate 191 becomes stronger, and the generated power increases. Thereby, the resistance based on the power generation becomes strong, but when the wind force is large, the rotation can be continued. The wind power generator 205 in FIG. 10 can be smoothly rotated at the initial stage of rotation as described above, and power generation can be continued efficiently even when the wind power is strong or weak.

  Even if the nut member 208 is fixed to the stator 200 side and the screw shaft 207 is attached to the sprocket 210, the same effect can be obtained. Further, instead of the screw-nut mechanism, other rotation-linear conversion mechanisms such as a rack and pinion mechanism can be used. An actuator using fluid pressure, such as a hydraulic cylinder or an air cylinder, can also be used as a driving means for control. Furthermore, in addition to the horizontal disk type wind power generator as shown in FIG. 10, for example, in the case of a wind power generator employing the cylindrical rotor of FIG. An adjusting device for adjusting the distance can be adopted.

  The wind power generation system 216 shown in FIG. 12 has a drum 213 attached to a lower boss 24 attached with an annular rotating plate 191 with a central portion removed, and a fixed disk 217 provided at the central portion. And the outer peripheral part of the fixed disc 217 is divided so as to face the upper surface side and the lower surface side of the rotating plate 191, and the stator 131 is provided respectively. In this case, one of the upper and lower stators 131 can be omitted. Further, it is preferable that the upper and lower stators 131 are configured to be adjusted in the vertical direction.

  The wind power generation system 218 shown in FIG. 13 does not include a drum, and supports an annular rotating plate 191 by a support member 219 that extends radially inward from the lower side of the vertical blade 26. The fixed disk 217 is the same as in the case of FIG.

  In the wind power generation system 220 shown in FIG. 14, the drum 213 that supports the rotor is the same as that in FIG. The stator 131 is supported by the ring 18 of the frame via a support member 221 so that its position can be adjusted in the radial direction. The support member 221 can also be fixed to the ring 18 of the frame. Note that the drum 213 can be configured to be vertically adjustable via the support member 221. In that case, a stopper or a lock member that comes into contact with the lower end of the vertical blade 26 when the support member 221 is raised to the uppermost end can be provided at the outer end of the support member 221. In that case, when the stator 131 is moved to the uppermost side, the rotation of the impeller 12 can be restricted by the lock member.

  The wind power generation system 223 of FIG. 15 includes a cylindrical stator 131 attached to the frame 11 and inner and outer rotors 127 provided on drums 213 or support members attached to the horizontal blades 25. It is preferable that the stator 131 is configured so that the position of the stator 131 is adjusted in the vertical direction (axial direction). Note that the rotor 127 may be adjusted up and down, or may be configured to adjust the position in the radial direction. In FIG. 1, the drum 213 is drawn so as to cross the support member 221. However, a slit that allows the support member 221 to pass therethrough may be provided in the drum 21. It is good also as a member of.

  In the wind power generation system 224 shown in FIG. 16, the shaft 22 is supported by the frame 11 via a thrust bearing 225. Radial bearings may be used. The stator 131 is attached to the tip of the rod 227 of the hydraulic cylinder 226 attached upward with respect to the frame 11. Thereby, the stator 131 is configured to be positionally adjustable in the axial direction. Note that, instead of the hydraulic cylinder 226, a motor-driven linear drive mechanism using a screw mechanism may be employed.

  In any of the above embodiments, a wind power generation system has been described. However, the power generation apparatus of the present invention is a power generation system that generates power by rotating an impeller using other natural forces such as hydropower and geothermal power generation in addition to wind power. It can be applied and has the same effect.

  Although the power generation system using natural force has been described in the embodiments so far, FIG. 17 shows an example in which this rotating machine is used as a motor for driving wheels. The wheel drive system 500 includes an axle 501, a wheel 502 provided at one end of the axle, a disc-shaped rotary plate 503 provided at the other end, and a constant gap (gap) S5 between the rotary plate and the wheel. A disc-shaped core 504 that guides the rotation of the rotating plate is formed at a position facing the sandwiched plate.

On the rotating plate 503, rotors 505 made of permanent magnets are arranged radially toward the outer periphery at regular intervals.
A plurality of stators 506 made of coils are arranged on the disk-shaped core 504 so as to face the rotor 505. Each coil of the stator is connected to an inverter that transmits an alternating current to the coil and a battery that stores current obtained by the coil via a changeover switch (not shown). Further, the core 504 is formed so as to be movable in the axle direction with respect to the rotating plate 503 as indicated by an arrow in the figure, and the gap S5 between the rotating plate 503 and the core 504 can be adjusted. It is configured as follows.

  In the wheel drive system 500 configured as described above, an alternating current is transmitted to the coil 506 of the core 504 in order to first rotate the wheel. Thereby, a rotating force is applied to the rotor 505 fixed to the rotating plate by the rotating magnetic field formed by the coil 506, and the rotating plate rotates. At this time, the gap S5 between the rotating plate 503 and the core 504 is most distant. This is because by increasing the gap S5 between the rotating plate 503 and the core 504, the influence of the electromagnetic induction of the coil 506 of the core on the rotor 505 of the rotating plate is small. This is to prevent the wheels 502 from suddenly rotating at high speed.

Next, the core 504 is moved so as to approach the rotating plate 503. As a result, the influence of the coil of the core becomes stronger and the rotation of the rotating plate is gradually accelerated. By adjusting the gap S5 between the rotating plate 503 and the core 504 in this way, the rotational torque of the wheel 502 can be adjusted, and the rotational speed of the wheel 502 can be adjusted.
In order to further increase the rotational speed of the wheel 502 after the distance between the rotating plate 503 and the core 504 is sufficiently short, the frequency of the alternating current transmitted to the core 504 is increased to increase the frequency of the wheel 502. The rotation speed can be increased. At this time, it is set so that the gap S5 (gap) between the rotating plate 503 and the core 504 is released simultaneously with the switching of the frequency, and then the core 504 is moved again to gradually increase the rotational speed of the wheel 502. Is preferable.

  Next, when reducing the rotation speed of the rotating wheel, the core 504 connected to the inverter is connected to the battery by the changeover switch. At this time, an induced electromotive force is generated in the coil 506 of the core due to the influence of the rotating rotor 505 of the rotating plate. That is, the rotational energy of the rotor 505 is converted into electricity, and the rotational speed of the rotating plate decreases. Further, by gradually reducing the distance between the rotating plate 503 and the core 504, a larger induced electromotive force is generated, and resistance to rotation of the rotating plate is increased. Therefore, when the core 504 is connected to the battery, it is preferable to set the rotating plate 503 and the core 504 so as to be separated from each other. As a result, the rotational speed of the wheel 502 can be gradually decreased without drastically decreasing.

  Such a wheel drive system 500 can be provided in an automobile as follows, for example. When the accelerator pedal is depressed, the changeover switch is set so that the core is connected to the inverter, and when the accelerator pedal is depressed, the clearance S5 between the rotating plate and the core is reduced, and when the accelerator pedal is loosened, the rotating plate is The amount of depression of the accelerator pedal and the clearance S5 with respect to the core rotating plate are linked so that the clearance S5 between the core and the core increases. On the other hand, when the brake pedal is depressed, the changeover switch is set so that the core is connected to the battery, and when the brake pedal is depressed, the gap S5 between the rotating plate and the core is reduced, and the brake pedal is loosened. The amount of depression of the brake pedal and the gap S5 between the core and the rotating plate are linked so that the gap S5 between the rotating plate and the core becomes large. As a result, the automobile can be operated in the same manner as an automobile using a normal engine.

  This wheel drive system 500 can adjust the balance between the load for rotating the wheel and the amount of power generated by the rotation of the wheel by using the motor for driving the wheel as a generator, and charging and discharging with maximum efficiency. And fulfill its purpose. Further, since the rotational torque can be adjusted and a clutch is not required, the weight and simplification of the vehicle body can be achieved. Further, the adjustment of the clearance S5 between the rotating plate and the core is performed by making the core movable in the axle direction, but the rotating plate may be movable. Further, a coil may be used as the rotor and a permanent magnet may be provided as the stator.

  A wheel drive system 600 shown in FIG. 18 includes an axle 601, a wheel 602 provided at one end of the axle, a rotating core 603 provided at the other end, and a certain gap from the outer periphery of the rotating core. It comprises a cylindrical drum 604 into which the rotating core 603 can be inserted. On the outer peripheral surface of the rotating core 603, ten field magnets 605 arranged in an annular shape at an equal distance from the central axis of the core are provided. A coil group (not shown) arranged at an equal distance from the drum (center axis of the core) is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the drum 604. The drum 604 is provided so as to be movable in the direction of the central axis of the drum or core. The other configuration is substantially the same as the wheel drive system 500 shown in FIG.

  Since the wheel drive system 600 is configured in this way, the facing area between the field magnet 605 fixed to the core and the coil group fixed to the drum is adjusted by moving the drum 604. be able to. That is, the influence of the field magnet 605 and the coil group is strengthened or weakened by the facing area.

  The wheel drive system using the rotating machine of the present invention can be provided for all the wheels of the four-wheeled vehicle as shown in FIG. 19 (before the arrow direction). By using in this way, the rotating machine of each wheel can be used as a motor or a generator depending on the road surface condition. For example, in the case of a downhill, driving the wheel does not require so much rotational torque, so either the front wheel or the rear wheel can be used as a motor, and the other can be used as a generator. In this case, it is possible to travel with less energy loss by transmitting the current obtained by the generator to the motor. In addition, the left wheel can be used as a motor and the right wheel can be used as a generator, so that the vehicle body can be turned to the right. Highly efficient travel is possible. Of course, even if it is a four-wheeled vehicle, this wheel drive system may be provided only in the front wheel or the rear wheel, and in any case, it may be used in combination with a normal engine.

It is a perspective view which shows the whole wind power generation system using the rotary machine of this invention. It is an elevation view of the wind power generation system of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the flame | frame in the electric power generation system of FIG. It is a top view of the electric power generation system of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the impeller in the electric power generation system of FIG. It is an elevational view of a wind power generation system using another embodiment of the rotating machine of the present invention. 7a, 7b, and 7c are a schematic plan view, a cross-sectional view, and a schematic plan view, respectively, showing a power generation unit related to a wind power generation system using still another embodiment of the rotating machine of the present invention. FIG. 6 is an elevation cross-sectional view of a main part of a wind power generation system using still other embodiments of the rotating machine of the present invention. FIG. 6 is an elevation cross-sectional view of a main part of a wind power generation system using still other embodiments of the rotating machine of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing the electricity / force converter of the wind power generation system of FIG. It is a principal part top view of the apparatus. FIG. 6 is an elevation cross-sectional view of a main part of a wind power generation system using still other embodiments of the rotating machine of the present invention. FIG. 6 is an elevation cross-sectional view of a main part of a wind power generation system using still other embodiments of the rotating machine of the present invention. FIG. 6 is an elevation cross-sectional view of a main part of a wind power generation system using still other embodiments of the rotating machine of the present invention. FIG. 6 is an elevation cross-sectional view of a main part of a wind power generation system using still other embodiments of the rotating machine of the present invention. FIG. 6 is an elevation cross-sectional view of a main part of a wind power generation system using still other embodiments of the rotating machine of the present invention. It is a perspective view which shows the wheel drive system using the rotary machine of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the wheel drive system using other embodiment of the rotary machine of this invention. It is the schematic of the four-wheeled vehicle carrying a wheel drive system.

Explanation of symbols

J Magnetic levitation structure S1, S2 Space S5 Clearance 11 Frame 12 Impeller 14 Power generation unit 15 Leg 16 Connecting member 17 Spoke 18 Ring 19, 20 Bearing 22 Shaft 23, 24 Boss 25 Horizontal blade 26 Vertical blade 27 Wheel 31, 31a, 31b Rotor 32, 32a, 32b Stator 127 Rotor 131 Stator 181 Power generation unit 182 Support frame 183, 184 Wedge member 191 Rotating plate 192 Roller guide 194 Moving side repulsive magnet 195 Lower fixed side repulsive magnet 196 Upper fixed side Repulsive magnet 197 Bolt 198 Nut 200 Stator 205 Wind generator 206 Guide 207 Screw shaft 208 Nut member 210 Sprocket 211 Chain 212 Wind power generation system 213 Drum 214 Wind power generation system 215 Wind power generation system 216 Wind power generation system 217 Fixed disk 218 Wind power generation system 219 Support member 220 Wind power generation system 221 Support member 223 Wind power generation system 224 Wind power generation system 225 Thrust bearing 226 Hydraulic cylinder 227 Rod 500 Wheel drive system 501 Axle 502 Wheel 503 Rotating plate 504 Core 505 Rotor 506 Stator (coil)
600 Wheel drive system 601 Axle 602 Wheel 603 Rotating core 604 Drum 605 Field magnet

Claims (6)

A cylindrical drum, a core inserted so as to share the central axis with the drum from the opening of the drum, and the central axis provided on either the inner peripheral surface of the drum or the outer peripheral surface of the core A plurality of field magnets arranged annularly at equal distances from each other, and a coil group arranged at equal distances from the central axis provided on the other side,
When the core is inserted into the drum, it has a certain gap between the opposing field magnet and the coil group,
A rotating machine comprising gap adjusting means for converting the arrangement of a field magnet and a coil group while keeping the central axis constant. The rotating machine according to claim 1, wherein the gap adjusting means is means for moving the drum and / or the core in the axial direction. The rotating machine according to claim 1, wherein the gap adjusting means is a means for radially expanding or contracting the drum and / or the core. A rotating plate, a fixed plate provided with the rotating plate and a gap, and a plurality of fields provided on either the rotating plate or the fixed plate and arranged annularly at equal distances from the central axis of the rotating plate A magnet for magnets, and a coil group arranged at an equal distance from the central axis of the rotating plate provided on the other side,
A rotating machine in which the rotating plate or the fixed plate is configured to be movable in an axial direction or a radial direction of the rotating plate. A natural power generation system comprising the rotating machine according to claim 1 or 4,
A natural force power generation system comprising a frame including one of the drum and the core, and a rotating body which is provided so as to be rotatable with respect to the frame and rotates by a natural force including the other of the core or the drum. A wheel drive system comprising the rotating machine according to claim 1 or 4,
A wheel drive system comprising a frame provided with one of the drum or core and an axle provided rotatably with respect to the frame and provided with the other of the core or drum.