CN102528096A - Direct-drive type main shaft transmission device of boring-milling machine - Google Patents
Direct-drive type main shaft transmission device of boring-milling machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN102528096A CN102528096A CN2011104412952A CN201110441295A CN102528096A CN 102528096 A CN102528096 A CN 102528096A CN 2011104412952 A CN2011104412952 A CN 2011104412952A CN 201110441295 A CN201110441295 A CN 201110441295A CN 102528096 A CN102528096 A CN 102528096A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a direct-drive type main shaft transmission device of a boring-milling machine, comprising a boring shaft, a milling shaft, an axial stator and a magnetism colleting type rotor of a permanent-magnet disc motor, and a primary cylindrical permanent magnet linear motor and a secondary cylindrical permanent magnet linear motor. The axial stator and the magnetism collecting type rotor generate enough electromagnetic torque to drive the boring shaft and the milling shaft to rotate by an axial magnetic field, and the primary permanent magnet linear motor and the secondary permanent linear motor generate enough electromagnetic thrust to realize the axial feeding of the boring shaft. Due to the adoption of the direct-driven type main shaft transmission structure, the output torque and the efficiency of an electric main shaft can be improved greatly, the rotary inertia is reduced, and the cylindrical linear motors are adopted as a boring shaft feeding mechanism, so that the abrasion loss and the noise can be reduced effectively, the rotating speed and the positioning precision can be improved, and the rapid response and long-time rapid reciprocating movement can be realized. The direct-drive type main shaft transmission device is suitable for various kinds of metal cutting processing and achieves of the purposes of high speed and high precision.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the Metal Cutting Machine Tool field, particularly a kind of direct-drive type spindle gearing of boring and milling machine.
Background technology
In the main axis transmission system of tradition boring and milling machine, spindle drive motor is realized the driving to the boring and milling axle through multistage travelling gear, exists the speed of mainshaft low; Machining accuracy is hanged down and is reached shortcomings such as noise is bigger; Cancellation belt wheel transmission and gear drive can improve the process velocity and the machining accuracy of lathe greatly by the direct driving main shaft of conventional radial magnetic field motor that is sleeved on the main shaft, but will realize the direct driving of machine tool chief axis; Motor need provide enough electromagnetic torques; Conventional radial magnetic field motor torque density is low, and rotary inertia is bigger, is unfavorable for further improving the precision and the stability of spindle operation.In addition; The tradition boring and milling machine mainly adopts the axis feeding system of " electric rotating machine+ball-screw "; This kind of drive is because reverse dead time effect, torsional rigidity is low, driving error is big, fretting wear is serious, strain causes low speed jerking motion or the like, makes key indexs such as acceleration, speed, precision all can't reach the requirement of High-speed machining.
In view of above technical problem, be necessary to provide a kind of direct-drive type spindle gearing that can overcome the boring and milling machine of above-mentioned defective in fact.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of direct-drive type spindle gearing of boring and milling machine, adopt motor with permanent-magnet disk directly to drive boring axle and milling spindle, when enough big output torque is provided, improve torque density, the reduction rotary inertia; Adopt the cylinder type permanent magnet linear motor directly to drive boring axle axial feed; When enough big centripetal force is provided; Raising system feed speed and positioning accuracy realize response fast and quick reciprocating motion for a long time, realize that the high speed height of milling-boring machine cut is refined.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts following technical proposals:
A kind of direct-drive type spindle gearing of boring and milling machine comprises: main shaft casing, boring axle, milling spindle, the cylinder type permanent magnet linear motor that is used for directly driving the motor with permanent-magnet disk of milling spindle and the rotation of boring axle and is used to drive boring axle axial feed; Said milling spindle is hollow; Be sleeved on the radial outside of said boring axle; This milling spindle is fixed in the main shaft casing through fore bearing and locking device, wherein, between milling spindle and boring axle, is provided with two feather keys; Under this feather key and the acting in conjunction of cylinder type permanent magnet linear motor, said boring axle is being realized axial feed with the synchronous operated while of milling spindle in milling spindle.
Said motor with permanent-magnet disk comprises motor with permanent-magnet disk poly-magnetic type rotor and motor with permanent-magnet disk axial stator; Said motor with permanent-magnet disk poly-magnetic type rotor is made up of rotor core and rotor magnetic steel; The fan-shaped rotor core and the rotor magnetic steel of rectangle are along main axis rotation direction interfolded; The N of adjacent rotor magnet steel is extremely relative, and S is extremely relative, is the magneticfocusing structure.
Said motor with permanent-magnet disk axial stator is made up of stator core and stator winding, and said stator winding is for putting in order apart from distribution fractional-slot winding form, and the stator winding number of phases is set to three-phase, and pitch is 1, and each phase stator winding is placed along the main axis rotation direction successively.
Said motor with permanent-magnet disk axial stator is that the center is symmetrically distributed in motor with permanent-magnet disk poly-magnetic type rotor both sides with the motor with permanent-magnet disk poly-magnetic type rotor; Wherein, The motor with permanent-magnet disk axial stator is fixed on the main shaft casing madial wall through the stator fixed underpan, and said motor with permanent-magnet disk poly-magnetic type rotor is fixed on the milling spindle radial outside through the rotor installing sleeve.
Above-mentioned poly-magnetic type rotor and axial stator be as a main shaft drives mechanism independently, can according to the boring and milling diameter of axle to and the axial dimension requirement, be set to a plurality of modular structures.
Said cylinder type permanent magnet linear motor comprises the electric motor primary and the motor secondary of hollow, and wherein, motor secondary is supported on boring axle periphery through secondary installing sleeve, and electric motor primary is installed between motor secondary periphery and electric motor primary and the motor secondary and is formed with the gap.
Said motor secondary is made up of secondary iron core and secondary magnet steel, and the secondary magnet steel of circumferencial direction square-section is axially alternately placed along the boring axle with the secondary iron core with trapezoidal outer, secondary magnet steel axial charging, and the adjacent secondary magnet steel direction of magnetization is opposite.
Said electric motor primary is made up of elementary tooth portion, elementary winding and yoke portion sleeve; Elementary tooth portion is the annulus sheet; Be placed in the yoke portion sleeve lining draw-in groove; Elementary winding is set to the disk-type winding structure of three phase windings, is placed between adjacent two elementary tooth portions, and yoke portion sleeve set is fixed at the main shaft box back and through locking nut.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following conspicuous outstanding feature and remarkable advantage: because main shaft drives adopts axial magnetic field, make the torque density of motor improve greatly; Produce enough big electromagnetic torque and directly drive the boring and milling axle; Rotating speed is high, and volume is little, and torque inertia is little.Utilize the cylinder type permanent magnet linear motor directly to drive boring axle axial feed, all transmission links in the middle of the cancellation, simple in structure; Response speed is fast, and efficient is high, great feed speed under contactless friction situation; Reduce to add the noise and the vibration in man-hour, increase the service life.Therefore, the direct-drive type spindle drive of boring and milling machine of the present invention can be applicable to realize all kinds of high-speed, high precision machine cut processing.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that the integral shaft of direct-drive type spindle gearing of a kind of milling-boring machine of the present invention is to structural representation;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of motor with permanent-magnet disk poly-magnetic type rotor among Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of motor with permanent-magnet disk axial stator among Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the axial main field of motor with permanent-magnet disk;
Fig. 5 is the axial arrangement sketch map of boring axle axial feed part among Fig. 1;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of cylinder type permanent magnet linear motor among Fig. 5;
Fig. 7 is the operation principle sketch map of cylinder type permanent magnet linear motor.
The relation of label and counter element is following among the figure:
| 1 | The boring axle | 2 | Milling spindle |
| 3 | The motor with permanent-magnet disk axial stator | 4 | The motor with permanent-magnet disk poly-magnetic type rotor |
| 5 | The main shaft casing | 6 | The cylinder type permanent magnet linear motor is elementary |
| 7 | The cylinder type permanent magnet linear motor is secondary | 8 | Feather key |
| 9 | The |
10 | Secondary installing sleeve |
| 11 | Outer top cover | 12 | The stator fixed underpan |
| 13 | End cap | 14 | Fore bearing |
| 15 | Tooth abdomen locking nut | 16 | Interior top cover |
| 17 | Secondary end cap | 18 | Rear bearing |
| 19 | Angular contact ball bearing | 20 | Round nut |
| 21 | |
31 | |
| 32 | Stator winding | 41 | |
| 42 | Rotor |
61 | |
| 62 | |
63 | |
| 71 | |
72 | Secondary magnet steel |
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the composition structure of the direct-drive type spindle gearing of a kind of boring and milling machine of the present invention is done concrete the introduction:
Consult shown in Figure 1; The direct-drive type spindle gearing of a kind of boring and milling machine of the present invention is mainly by boring axle 1, milling spindle 2, main shaft casing 5; Motor with permanent-magnet disk axial stator 3; Motor with permanent-magnet disk poly-magnetic type rotor 4, the cylinder type permanent magnet linear motor is elementary 6, secondary 7 compositions such as grade of cylinder type permanent magnet linear motor.Said milling spindle 2 is hollow, is sleeved on the radial outside of said boring axle 1, is provided with fore bearing 14 and end cap 13 at the leading section of milling spindle 2; Rearward end is provided with rear bearing 18 and tooth abdomen locking nut 15, is used to support boring axle 1, and realizes being fixedly connected between milling spindle 2 and the main shaft casing 5; Milling spindle 2 is fixed in the main shaft casing 5; Simultaneously between boring axle 1 and the milling spindle 2 two symmetrical feather keys 8 are housed, make boring axle 1 on, can also in milling spindle 2, realize axial feed with milling spindle 2 synchronous operated bases.
In conjunction with illustrated in figures 1 and 2; The motor with permanent-magnet disk that is used to drive the rotation of boring axle and milling spindle comprises motor with permanent-magnet disk axial stator 3 and motor with permanent-magnet disk poly-magnetic type rotor 4; Said motor with permanent-magnet disk poly-magnetic type rotor 4 is made up of rotor core 41 and rotor magnetic steel 42, and the fan-shaped rotor core 41 and the rotor magnetic steel 42 of rectangle are along main axis rotation direction interfolded, and the N of adjacent rotor magnet steel 42 is extremely relative; S is extremely relative, is the magneticfocusing structure.Said motor with permanent-magnet disk poly-magnetic type rotor 4 is arranged on the rotor installing sleeve 9, and this rotor installing sleeve 9 is fixed on milling spindle 2 radial outsides through fore bearing 14 and tooth abdomen locking nut 15.
In conjunction with Fig. 1 and shown in Figure 3, said motor with permanent-magnet disk axial stator 3 is made up of stator core 31 and stator winding 32, and stator core 31 is cast afterwards to slot earlier by spheroidal graphite cast-iron and formed, and stator winding 32 is wrapped on each tooth of stator core 31.As the preferred embodiments of the present invention, said stator winding 32 is for putting in order apart from distribution fractional-slot winding form, and stator winding 32 numbers of phases are set to three-phase, and pitch is 1, and each phase stator winding 32 is placed along the main axis rotation direction successively.Said motor with permanent-magnet disk axial stator 3 is that the center is symmetrically distributed in motor with permanent-magnet disk poly-magnetic type rotor 4 both sides with motor with permanent-magnet disk poly-magnetic type rotor 4, and is fixed on main shaft casing 5 sidewalls through stator fixed underpan 12.
In conjunction with Fig. 4, Fig. 2 and shown in Figure 3, set out by the N utmost point of rotor magnetic steel 42 in the magnetic field that the adjacent rotor magnet steel 42 in the motor with permanent-magnet disk poly-magnetic type rotor 4 produces; Get into middle rotor core 41, pass through the air air gap of both sides vertically respectively, the stator core 31 that gets into axial both sides; Vertically through the air air gap, get into rotor core 41 again, get back to the S utmost point of rotor magnetic steel 42 at last; Thereby form the axial magnetic field loop, after stator winding 32 feeds three-phase alternating current, at poly-magnetic type rotor 4 and 3 electromagnetic torques that produce circumferencial direction of axial stator; Be used to drive boring axle 1, milling spindle 2 rotates.
In conjunction with Fig. 1 and shown in Figure 5, said boring axle 1 makes boring axle 1 pass through milling spindle 2 by the disc type permanent magnet synchronous electric motor driven in rotation through two feather keys 8 of symmetry, and the electromagnetic push that can also in milling spindle 2, be produced by the cylinder type permanent magnet linear motor is simultaneously realized axial feed.The cylinder type permanent magnet linear motor is made up of electric motor primary 6 and motor secondary 7; Be arranged on boring axle 1 rearward end; Said motor secondary 7 is arranged on secondary installing sleeve 10 peripheries, and said secondary installing sleeve 10 inboards are provided with outer top cover 11 and interior top cover 16, are provided with angular contact ball bearing 19 between outer top cover 11 and the interior top cover 16; Top cover 16 is supported on boring axle 1 cylindrical in said, and fixing with round nut 20 through secondary end cap 17.
In conjunction with Fig. 5 and shown in Figure 6; Said cylinder type permanent magnet linear motor elementary 6 is made up of elementary tooth portion 61, elementary winding 62 and yoke portion sleeve 63; Elementary tooth portion 61 is the annulus sheet; Be arranged on yoke portion sleeve 63 inwalls, elementary winding 62 is set to the disk-type winding structure of three phase windings, is placed between adjacent two elementary tooth portions 61.Yoke portion sleeve 63 is sleeved on main shaft casing 5 rear ends and fixing through locking nut 21.Said cylinder type permanent magnet linear motor secondary 7 is formed with secondary magnet steel 72 by secondary unshakable in one's determination 71; The secondary magnet steel 72 of circumferencial direction square-section and secondary unshakable in one's determination 71 alternately placements vertically with trapezoidal outer; Secondary magnet steel 72 axial chargings, adjacent secondary magnet steel 72 direction of magnetizations are opposite.
In conjunction with Fig. 7 and shown in Figure 6; The air gap of said secondary magnet steel 72 between cylinder type permanent magnet linear motor elementary 6 and cylinder type permanent magnet linear motor secondary 7 produces annular radial magnetic field; When elementary winding 62 feeds three-phase alternating current, produce with synchronous rotational speed V in the air gap
sThe travelling-magnetic-field that moves vertically, the magnetic field effect generation axial magnetic thrust with secondary magnet steel 72 drives cylinder type permanent magnet linear motor secondary 7 and follows the motion of ripple Movement in Magnetic Field direction, and secondary rotating speed V rises to V when the cylinder type permanent magnet linear motor
sThe time reach stable state, and produce enough feeding thrust, thereby directly drive boring axle 1 axial feed.
The above is merely one embodiment of the present invention; It or not whole or unique embodiment; The conversion of any equivalence that those of ordinary skills take technical scheme of the present invention through reading specification of the present invention is claim of the present invention and contains.
Claims (8)
1. the direct-drive type spindle gearing of a boring and milling machine; It is characterized in that: comprising: main shaft casing (2); Boring axle (1), milling spindle (2), the cylinder type permanent magnet linear motor that is used for directly driving the motor with permanent-magnet disk of milling spindle and the rotation of boring axle and is used to drive boring axle axial feed;
Said milling spindle is hollow; Be sleeved on the radial outside of said boring axle; This milling spindle is fixed in the main shaft casing through fore bearing and locking device, wherein, between milling spindle and boring axle, is provided with two feather keys (8); Under this feather key and the acting in conjunction of cylinder type permanent magnet linear motor, said boring axle is being realized axial feed with the synchronous operated while of milling spindle in milling spindle.
2. the direct-drive type spindle gearing of a kind of boring and milling machine as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that: said motor with permanent-magnet disk comprises motor with permanent-magnet disk poly-magnetic type rotor (4) and motor with permanent-magnet disk axial stator (3); Said motor with permanent-magnet disk poly-magnetic type rotor (4) is made up of rotor core (41) and rotor magnetic steel (42); The rotor magnetic steel (42) of fan-shaped rotor core (41) and rectangle is along main axis rotation direction interfolded; The N of adjacent rotor magnet steel (42) is extremely relative, and S is extremely relative, is the magneticfocusing structure.
3. the direct-drive type spindle gearing of a kind of boring and milling machine as claimed in claim 2; It is characterized in that: said motor with permanent-magnet disk axial stator (3) is made up of stator core (31) and stator winding (32); Said stator winding (32) is for putting in order apart from distribution fractional-slot winding form; Stator winding (32) number of phases is set to three-phase, and pitch is 1, and each phase stator winding (3) 2 is placed along the main axis rotation direction successively.
4. like the direct-drive type spindle gearing of claim 2 or 3 described a kind of boring and milling machines; It is characterized in that: said motor with permanent-magnet disk axial stator (3) is that the center is symmetrically distributed in motor with permanent-magnet disk poly-magnetic type rotor (4) both sides with motor with permanent-magnet disk poly-magnetic type rotor (4); Wherein, Motor with permanent-magnet disk axial stator (3) is fixed on main shaft casing (5) madial wall through stator fixed underpan (12), and said motor with permanent-magnet disk poly-magnetic type rotor (4) is fixed on milling spindle (2) radial outside through rotor installing sleeve (9).
5. the direct-drive type spindle gearing of a kind of boring and milling machine as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that: said cylinder type permanent magnet linear motor comprises the electric motor primary (6) and the motor secondary (7) of hollow; Wherein, Motor secondary (7) is supported on boring axle (1) periphery through secondary installing sleeve (10), and electric motor primary (6) is installed between motor secondary (7) periphery and electric motor primary (6) and the motor secondary (7) and is formed with the gap.
6. the direct-drive type spindle gearing of a kind of boring and milling machine as claimed in claim 5; It is characterized in that: said motor secondary (7) is made up of secondary iron core (71) and secondary magnet steel (72); The secondary magnet steel (72) of circumferencial direction square-section is axially alternately placed along boring axle (1) with the secondary iron core (71) with trapezoidal outer; Secondary magnet steel (72) axial charging, adjacent secondary magnet steel (72) direction of magnetization is opposite.
7. the direct-drive type spindle gearing of a kind of boring and milling machine as claimed in claim 5; It is characterized in that: said electric motor primary (6) is made up of elementary tooth portion (61), elementary winding (62) and yoke portion sleeve (63); Elementary tooth portion (61) is the annulus sheet; Be placed in yoke portion sleeve (63) the inwall draw-in groove; Elementary winding (62) is set to the disk-type winding structure of three phase windings, is placed between adjacent two elementary tooth portions (61), and yoke portion sleeve (63) is sleeved on main shaft casing (5) rear end and fixing through locking nut (21).
8. the direct-drive type spindle gearing of a kind of boring and milling machine as claimed in claim 5; It is characterized in that: said secondary installing sleeve (1) 0 inboard is provided with outer top cover (11) and interior top cover (16); Be provided with angular contact ball bearing (19) between said outer top cover (11) and the interior top cover (16); Top cover (16) is supported on boring axle (1) cylindrical in said, and fixing through secondary end cap (17) and round nut (20).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110441295.2A CN102528096B (en) | 2011-12-16 | 2011-12-16 | Direct-drive type main shaft transmission device of boring-milling machine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110441295.2A CN102528096B (en) | 2011-12-16 | 2011-12-16 | Direct-drive type main shaft transmission device of boring-milling machine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102528096A true CN102528096A (en) | 2012-07-04 |
| CN102528096B CN102528096B (en) | 2015-05-27 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110441295.2A Expired - Fee Related CN102528096B (en) | 2011-12-16 | 2011-12-16 | Direct-drive type main shaft transmission device of boring-milling machine |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN102528096B (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102909560A (en) * | 2012-10-30 | 2013-02-06 | 新乡日升数控轴承装备股份有限公司 | High-strength boring and milling spindle mechanism |
| CN103691973A (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2014-04-02 | 上海三一精机有限公司 | Main shaft integration system with fixed type facing head |
| CN103944345A (en) * | 2014-04-04 | 2014-07-23 | 西安交通大学 | Doubly salient harmonic linear motor for axial propelling variable frequency vibration |
| CN107947415A (en) * | 2018-01-04 | 2018-04-20 | 沈阳工业大学 | A kind of bilinear magneto |
| CN112510952A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-03-16 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Transverse-dislocation brushless dual-rotor motor based on magnetic field modulation principle |
| CN112510953A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-03-16 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Transverse dislocation brushless double-rotor motor based on unilateral magnetic regulation principle |
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| CN201979132U (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2011-09-21 | 贵州云马飞机制造厂 | Hand-operated feeding device for aperture processing |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102909560A (en) * | 2012-10-30 | 2013-02-06 | 新乡日升数控轴承装备股份有限公司 | High-strength boring and milling spindle mechanism |
| CN103691973A (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2014-04-02 | 上海三一精机有限公司 | Main shaft integration system with fixed type facing head |
| CN103944345A (en) * | 2014-04-04 | 2014-07-23 | 西安交通大学 | Doubly salient harmonic linear motor for axial propelling variable frequency vibration |
| CN103944345B (en) * | 2014-04-04 | 2016-06-08 | 西安交通大学 | The double-salient-pole harmonic wave straight line motor of a kind of axial advance variant-frequency vibration |
| CN107947415A (en) * | 2018-01-04 | 2018-04-20 | 沈阳工业大学 | A kind of bilinear magneto |
| CN107947415B (en) * | 2018-01-04 | 2023-10-27 | 沈阳工业大学 | Double-linear permanent magnet motor |
| CN112510952A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-03-16 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Transverse-dislocation brushless dual-rotor motor based on magnetic field modulation principle |
| CN112510953A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-03-16 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Transverse dislocation brushless double-rotor motor based on unilateral magnetic regulation principle |
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