JP2006061886A - Method and apparatus for activating water - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and apparatus for activating water capable of enhancing the reaction efficiency of the whole apparatus by means of ultraviolet irradiation. <P>SOLUTION: The water activating apparatus comprises ultraviolet irradiation apparatuses which irradiate at least water with ultraviolet light each having a selected wavelength different from each other, and each of which is provided with an optical fiber having a portion where the ultraviolet light is allowed to leak from the midway. The ultraviolet irradiation apparatuses are composed of an apparatus 12 for irradiation with the ultraviolet light with a short wavelength of 180 to 190 nm, an apparatus 14 with a medium wavelength of 245 to 260 nm, and an apparatus with a long wavelength of 350 to 390 nm. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to an activation method and an activation apparatus that can sterilize and purify water.

  At present, purification of water, that is, rejuvenation of water, is carried out in various places for various purposes regardless of whether it is freshwater or seawater, not to mention tap water, but also industrial wastewater. Also, sewage from general households, pool water, artificial pond water, etc. are also subject to purification. In addition, washing water used for washing seafood and seawater used in aquaculture are also purified. It is a target of.

  However, most of the conventional water purification methods use chlorine, which is never preferable for living organisms including human beings, and a new water purification method has been sought.

Conventionally, a water rejuvenating device that has an ultraviolet irradiation device that irradiates a short wavelength, an ultraviolet irradiation device that irradiates a medium wavelength, and an ultraviolet irradiation device that irradiates a long wavelength, and that utilizes the sterilization action of ozone has already been proposed Has been. (Patent Document 1)
However, in this water activation device, the ultraviolet irradiation device that irradiates ultraviolet rays of each wavelength performs ultraviolet irradiation by an ultraviolet lamp (light source). There is a problem that a region that is not broken easily occurs, and as a result, the reaction efficiency by ultraviolet irradiation cannot be increased. In particular, this water activation apparatus has a problem that the water activation is not sufficiently performed in a pipe connecting ultraviolet irradiation apparatuses that irradiate ultraviolet rays of each wavelength, or other parts where ultraviolet rays do not reach.

JP 2002-346556 A

An object of this invention is to solve the problem in the above-mentioned conventional activation method and water activation apparatus.
That is, the object of the present invention is to irradiate ultraviolet rays at any part of the apparatus structure without causing any structural restrictions on the water activation device, and as a result, improve the reaction efficiency of the entire apparatus by ultraviolet irradiation. The present invention is to provide a water activation method and a water activation device that can be activated.

The method for activating water according to claim 1 is an activating method for activating water by irradiating water with ultraviolet rays, wherein the water is irradiated with ultraviolet rays by an optical fiber.
According to the water activation method according to the first aspect, water can be activated by arranging a flexible optical fiber in an arbitrary region requiring activation.

  The water activation method according to claim 2 has an ultraviolet irradiation step of irradiating at least water with a selected separate wavelength in claim 1, and in each step, the ultraviolet ray is irradiated from the middle in the length direction of the fiber. It is characterized by irradiating water with ultraviolet rays through a leaking optical fiber.

  According to the method for activating water according to claim 2, ultraviolet rays are transmitted through the optical fiber to an area that requires ultraviolet irradiation in the ultraviolet irradiation step of each wavelength, and ultraviolet rays leak from the optical fiber in the area that requires ultraviolet irradiation. Then, the water is irradiated with ultraviolet rays to activate the water.

  The method for activating water according to claim 3 is the method according to claim 2, wherein the ultraviolet irradiation step is performed by irradiating ultraviolet rays having a short wavelength of 180 to 190 nm, a medium wavelength of 245 to 260 nm, and a long wavelength of 350 to 390 nm. The method includes the steps of performing each of the above.

According to the water activation method according to claim 3, ozone (O ₃ ) is generated in the process of irradiating ultraviolet rays having a short wavelength of 180 to 190 nm, and in the case of only this process, it can be utilized as an ozonizer. Then, the ozone (O ₃₎ bactericidal action by water containing the exhibited, in water in the step of irradiating ultraviolet rays having a wavelength within the wavelength 245~260nm ozone (O ₃₎ is free oxygen in the active oxygen [singlet O ( ¹ D)] and oxygen molecules, and the active oxygen produced here has high energy. Due to its strong oxidizing action, if there are organic chlorine compounds (trihalomethane, etc.), they are not only decomposed. Active oxygen reacts with water to generate hydroxy radicals (.OH) having a strong bactericidal effect. In the process of irradiating ultraviolet light having a long wavelength of 350 to 390 nm, the active oxygen species that have been sterilized and oxidatively decomposed harmful substances become water (H ₂ O) and oxygen (O ₂ ), increasing dissolved oxygen in the water. , Activate the water itself.

  The activation device according to claim 4 is an activation device including an ultraviolet irradiation device that irradiates water with ultraviolet rays, and the ultraviolet irradiation device includes a leak optical fiber that leaks ultraviolet rays from the middle of the length direction of the fiber. It is characterized by being.

  According to the water activation device of claim 4, ultraviolet rays are transmitted through the optical fiber to a region requiring ultraviolet irradiation in the ultraviolet irradiation device, and ultraviolet rays are irradiated from the optical fiber to water in the region requiring ultraviolet irradiation. Water is activated.

  The activation device according to claim 5 is provided with an ultraviolet irradiation device for irradiating at least water with a selected separate wavelength according to claim 4, and ultraviolet rays leak from the middle of the length direction of the fiber to each device. A leaky optical fiber is installed.

  According to the water activation device according to claim 5, the ultraviolet rays are transmitted through the optical fiber to the region requiring the ultraviolet irradiation in the ultraviolet ray irradiating device for irradiating the ultraviolet rays of the respective wavelengths, and the optical fiber is used in the region requiring the ultraviolet irradiation. Then, ultraviolet rays leak and the water is irradiated with ultraviolet rays to activate water.

  The active water treatment apparatus according to claim 6 is the ultraviolet irradiation apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the ultraviolet irradiation apparatus has a short wavelength of 180 to 190 nm, a medium wavelength of 245 to 260 nm, and a long wavelength of 350 to 390 nm. It comprises the apparatus which performs each.

According to the water activation device according to claim 6, ozone (O ₃ ) is generated in the step of irradiating ultraviolet rays having a short wavelength of 180 to 190 nm, and the bactericidal action is caused by the water containing this ozone (O ₃ ). Ozone (O ₃ ) in the water is activated oxygen [single free oxygen O ( ¹ D)] and oxygen molecules in the process of being irradiated and irradiating ultraviolet rays with a wavelength of 245 to 260 nm. Active oxygen has high energy, and when an organic chlorine compound (such as trihalomethane) is present due to its strong oxidizing action, not only is it decomposed, but active oxygen also reacts with water to produce a hydroxyl radical (which has a strong bactericidal effect) -OH) is generated. In the process of irradiating ultraviolet light having a long wavelength of 350 to 390 nm, the active oxygen species that have been sterilized and oxidatively decomposed harmful substances become water (H ₂ O) and oxygen (O ₂ ), increasing dissolved oxygen in the water. , Activate the water itself.

  A water activation device according to a seventh aspect is characterized in that, in the fourth aspect, at least one of the ultraviolet irradiation devices includes an ultraviolet irradiation lamp and the leak optical fiber.

  According to the water activation device according to claim 7, the region where the ultraviolet irradiation by the ultraviolet irradiation lamp is not sufficiently spread covers the entire region that can be irradiated with ultraviolet rays by arranging a flexible leak optical fiber and performing ultraviolet irradiation. it can.

  The water activation apparatus according to an eighth aspect is characterized in that, in the fourth to seventh aspects, the leak optical fiber is a straight pipe type leak optical fiber and / or a spiral saddle type non-curvature leak optical fiber.

  According to the water activation apparatus according to claim 8, since the straight pipe type leak optical fiber and / or the spiral saddle type non-curvature leak optical fiber is used, ultraviolet rays can be efficiently leaked from the optical fiber at a predetermined portion, Sterilization activation can be achieved.

  A water activation device according to a ninth aspect is characterized in that, in the fourth to eighth aspects, the surface of the leak optical fiber is coated with a photocatalyst.

According to water activation apparatus according to claim 9, the ultraviolet light of medium and long wavelengths is irradiated to the photocatalyst activity surface and electrons called Hole ⁺ on the catalyst surface ^- are generated, Hole ⁺ from water ion reaction However, the above-mentioned powerful oxidative decomposition, which is a reactive oxygen species having a strong bactericidal effect, produces a hydroxy radical having a bactericidal action. It becomes oxygen and raises dissolved oxygen in the water to activate the water.

  The water activation device according to claim 10 is the leak optical fiber according to any one of claims 4 to 9, wherein the optical fiber leaks into either the pipe connecting the ultraviolet irradiation devices or the outlet side piping of the ultraviolet irradiation device irradiating ultraviolet rays having a long wavelength. Is installed.

  According to the water activation device of the tenth aspect, a flexible leak optical fiber can be disposed even in a region where it is difficult to dispose an ultraviolet lamp, and the reaction efficiency of the entire device is increased.

  An activation device according to an eleventh aspect of the present invention is the activation apparatus according to the eleventh aspect, wherein the leak optical fiber is a spiral optical fiber having a curvature outside the curvature, and the ultraviolet irradiation lamp is disposed at a central portion of the spiral optical fiber having a curvature outside the curvature. It is characterized by.

  According to the activating device of the eleventh aspect, since light does not leak inside the curvature of the spiral saddle-shaped out-of-curvature optical fiber, the region where this light does not leak is effectively irradiated with ultraviolet rays by the ultraviolet irradiation lamp. When the photocatalyst is supported inside the curvature of the spiral saddle-shaped out-of-curvature leak optical fiber, the photocatalyst can be effectively used.

According to the activation method of the present invention, the activation of water can be remarkably enhanced by arranging a flexible optical fiber in an arbitrary region requiring activation.
Further, according to the sterilization activation device of the present invention, ultraviolet rays are transmitted through the optical fiber to the region requiring ultraviolet irradiation in the ultraviolet irradiation device, and ultraviolet rays leak from the optical fiber to the water in the region requiring ultraviolet irradiation. Water is activated by irradiation with ultraviolet rays.

Hereinafter, the sterilization activation method and apparatus of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
The leaky optical fiber used in the present invention is an optical fiber having a function of leaking ultraviolet rays from the middle in the length direction of the fiber. That is, a normal optical fiber has a structure in which light is transmitted through the core due to a difference in refractive index between the core and the clad, and light does not substantially leak from the clad. The leak optical fiber of the present invention has a function of actively leaking light (ultraviolet rays) from the middle of the length direction of the fiber.

  FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a leaky optical fiber. The leak optical fiber shown in FIG. 1 is an optical fiber called a so-called straight pipe leak optical fiber. A straight tube type leak optical fiber 3 shown in FIG. 1 includes a core 1 and a clad 2, and a translucent protective layer is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the clad 2 although not shown.

  In the optical fiber, as shown in FIG. 2, the incident angle of light traveling in the core 5 (refractive index n1) to the claddings 6 and 7 (refractive index n2) is a critical angle αc (sin αc = n2 / n1, If n1> n2), the total reflection propagates repeatedly at the core-cladding interface. When the incident angle is smaller than αc, such as α1 and α2, light leaks to the clad side. Further, the light leaking to the clad side leaks out of the optical fiber if the incident angle α3 from the clad to the outside (refractive index n3) does not satisfy the total reflection condition. Spiral saddle-type non-curvature light leaking fiber is based on the above principle, and if the optical fiber is bent and has a certain curvature, the incident angle from the core to the clad of light that has been propagated by repeating total reflection changes until then. As a result, it becomes smaller than the critical angle and can leak. As the curvature increases, the incident angle decreases, and more light can be leaked.

Principle of straight tube leak optical fiber When particles that promote irregular reflection are embedded in the clad, a part of the light propagating in the core is scattered by the particles in the vicinity of the core-clad interface and leaks out of the optical fiber.

  FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a leaky optical fiber. The leaky optical fiber shown in FIG. 1 is a so-called straight pipe type leaky optical fiber. A straight tube type leak optical fiber 3 shown in FIG. 1 includes a core 1 and a clad 2, and a translucent protective layer is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the clad 2 although not shown.

  In this straight pipe type leak optical fiber 3, particles 4 that promote irregular reflection are dispersed in the clad 2. The particles preferably satisfy the condition that the particle diameter is 30 nm to 3 μm. Examples of preferable particles include acrylic resin particles, silicone resin particles, and silica particles.

  FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of a spiral saddle-shaped extra-curvature leak optical fiber. The spiral saddle-shaped out-of-curvature leak optical fiber 9 is formed by, for example, winding optical fibers 9A and 9B spirally around transparent tubes 8A and 8B having different diameters, and selecting an appropriate curvature so that light is transmitted from the cladding outside the cladding bending. Leaks.

Next, a sterilization activation method and apparatus using the above-described leak optical fiber will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a preferred embodiment of the activation device of the present invention. FIG. 4 shows an example of the rapid water activation device 10 according to the present invention. The rapid water activation apparatus 10 is drawn by a pump 11 for drawing water, a short wavelength ultraviolet irradiation apparatus 12 for sucking air, irradiating the air with short wavelength ultraviolet rays to generate ozone, and the pump 11. Water and ozone generated by the short-wavelength ultraviolet irradiation device 12 are mixed, pressure tank 13 for applying pressure, and water passing through the pressure tank 13 are irradiated with medium-wavelength ultraviolet rays to generate hydroxy radicals. Medium wavelength ultraviolet irradiation device 14 for sterilization in water, and long wavelength ultraviolet light for irradiating water that has passed through medium wavelength ultraviolet irradiation device 14 with long wavelength ultraviolet rays to eliminate active oxygen and activate water And an irradiation device 15.

First, the short wavelength ultraviolet irradiation process and the short wavelength ultraviolet irradiation apparatus 12 will be described.
As shown in FIG. 5, the short-wavelength ultraviolet irradiation device 12 takes in air from the air inlet 20 and irradiates the air with ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 180 nm to 190 nm (short wavelength) by the leak optical fiber 21. Oxygen (O ₂ ) in the air that has been irradiated with ultraviolet rays of a short wavelength becomes a ground state oxygen atom (O). The ground state oxygen atom (O) reacts with surrounding oxygen (O ₂ ) to form ozone (O ₃ ). Ozone (O ₃ ) formed by the short wavelength ultraviolet irradiation device 12 is discharged from an ozone discharge port 24 provided below the short wavelength ultraviolet irradiation device 12.

Ozone (O ₃ ) discharged from the ozone discharge port 24 is mixed with water carried by the pump 11 and enters the pressure tank 13. The pressure tank 13 is a device for applying pressure to water containing ozone. By applying pressure, the degree of dissolved ozone and the bubble diameter of gaseous ozone are reduced to reduce reactivity (that is, bactericidal action). While promoting, the pressure itself can sterilize the fungi contained in the water.

Here, although it is a specific magnitude | size of the said pressure, this is a value determined according to the pressure | voltage resistance of the bacteria contained in the water to be activated. For example, to water activation of the water depth 20~30m position of seawater, pressure resistance of bacteria contained in the seawater would be considered to be 2-3 kg / cm ^2, the pressure tank 13 go out pressure 3-4 kg / cm ² It becomes.

  Water containing ozone pressurized in the pressure tank 13 enters the medium wavelength ultraviolet irradiation device 14 from a water inlet provided below the medium wavelength ultraviolet irradiation device 14.

From here, the medium wavelength ultraviolet irradiation process and the medium wavelength ultraviolet irradiation device 14 will be described.

The medium wavelength ultraviolet irradiation device 14 irradiates water containing ozone inserted from the water inlet 31 with ultraviolet light having a wavelength (medium wavelength) of 245 to 260 nm through the leak optical fiber 32. Ozone (O ₃ ) in water irradiated with medium-wavelength ultraviolet light becomes three active oxygens [singlet free oxygen O ( ¹ D)]. The active oxygen formed here has high energy, oxidatively decomposes water by its strong oxidizing action, generates hydroradicals, and can decompose organochlorine compounds (such as trihalomethane) by the hydroradicals. .

  The leaky optical fiber 32 has the same basic structure as the leaky optical fiber 21 used in the short wavelength ultraviolet irradiation device 12 and has a different wavelength of the irradiated ultraviolet light.

  Furthermore, in the medium wavelength ultraviolet irradiation device 14, it is preferable that a monomolecular film or a mottled photocatalyst film is formed on the surface of the leak optical fiber 23. When the photocatalyst film is a monomolecular film or a mottled pattern, the light-transmitting property can be particularly maintained, and since the hole contacts with water, oxidative decomposition can be performed by extracting electrons from the water molecule, and a hydroxy radical can be generated.

The photocatalyst is composed of at least an optical semiconductor powder and metal fine particles. Examples of the optical semiconductor powder include TiO ₂ , CdS, CdSe, WO ₃ , Fe ₂ O ₃ , SrTiO ₃ , KNbO _{3 and the} like. Among them, TiO ₂ is chemically stable without being attacked by most acids, bases, and organic solvents, and TiO ₂ does not cause poisoning and has no carcinogenicity. From this point, TiO ₂ is most preferable.

  The metal powder acts as an electrode in the photocatalyst layer. As the metal powder forming the electrode, various metal powders such as gold, platinum and copper can be used in addition to silver. Since water is required as one of the indispensable elements for the photocatalyst to perform its original function, the metal powder forming the electrode needs to be stable with no change over time in the presence of water. Among the metal powders, platinum is most preferable, but silver is preferable because it is economical and has the characteristics described above, and is non-toxic and itself sterilizable.

  The particle size of these metal powders is preferably 0.05 to 0.1 μm in consideration of the relationship of the optical semiconductor powder 2 as a photocatalyst. Further, the mixing ratio of the optical semiconductor powder and the metal powder is preferably 1 to 55 parts by weight of metal powder, particularly 20 to 30 parts per 100 parts by weight of the optical semiconductor powder in order to suitably exhibit sterilization, deodorizing action and the like. Part by weight is preferred.

  The photocatalyst is preferably formed with a photocatalyst film on the surface of the leaky optical fiber, but the photocatalyst function body can be used in combination with the photocatalyst film, or the photocatalyst function body can be used alone.

  FIG. 6 shows an embodiment of a medium wavelength ultraviolet irradiation device provided with a photocatalytic functional body. In FIG. 6, a photocatalytic functional body 33 is provided radially around the leak optical fiber 32, and a photocatalytic functional body 35 is provided on the inner wall surface of the apparatus.

  The photocatalyst functional bodies 33 and 35 are coated on a base material such as polyester nonwoven fabric, paper, woven fabric, plastic, metal plate, ceramic ball or the like without a binder by a low-temperature spraying method, and on the base material as a paint containing a binder. May be attached to.

In a method in which a photocatalyst is attached to the surface of a substrate by a low temperature spraying method, titanium oxide having a melting point of, for example, 2000 ° C. or less on a substrate such as nonwoven fabric, woven fabric, paper, wood, ceramic plate, metal plate, or plastic plate ( TiO ₂ ) fine particles (5 to 50 μm) and metal fine particles 1 to 10 μm are thermally sprayed at a temperature of about 2900 to 3000 ° C. by gas spraying using oxygen, acetylene or the like. In the thermally sprayed state, the photocatalyst particles are composed of titanium oxide particles that act as one electrode and metal, for example, silver particles that act as the other electrode carried on the titanium oxide particles. The photocatalyst particles form an electrochemical cell, and after spraying, become flat laminated particles of 30 to 40 μm, and adhere to the substrate by the anchor effect while melting due to the high temperature of the gas. In the low temperature spraying method by gas spraying using oxygen, acetylene or the like, the gas torch for injecting the molten photocatalyst fine particles and the base material are relatively moved so that the surface of the base material does not rise above 50 ° C., Therefore, thermal spraying can be performed on paper, cloth, and the like. However, because of gas spraying, the melting point of the raw material powder used is limited to 2000 ° C. or less. Plasma spraying is also possible by adjusting the relative speed between the torch and the base material. However, with plasma spraying, the melting point of the raw material used can be sprayed up to about 3500 ° C.

  In general, in the thermal spraying, the powder is adhered on the base material by the anchor effect, so that the powder for thermal spraying is preferably a mass of 5 μm or more, and all the thermal spraying powder in which anatase is transferred to rutile is used. It has been. Anatase crystal form of titanium oxide (titania) has a strong photocatalytic action, but if the photocatalyst particles after spraying all have anatase crystals, the decomposition action is too strong and the substrate is committed. It will not be possible. However, the anatase crystals 10 to 40 can be selected by adjusting the particle size, spraying temperature, substrate surface temperature, and heat source to be used to 5 to 25 μm, about 2900 to 3000 ° C., 40 to 50 ° C., and gas, respectively. % Can be synthesized. That is, if it exceeds about 750 ° C., which is the transformation point between anatase and rutile, all the crystals become rutile crystals, but according to the above-mentioned low temperature spraying method, all the rutile crystal particles are prepared and sprayed. , 10 to 40% of anatase crystals are produced, and the rest are rutile crystals. According to various experiments, it was found as a result of X-ray analysis that the weight ratio of anatase to rutile after spraying is preferably 1: 3.

  Moreover, if the adsorbent material 4 that adsorbs bacteria, harmful substances, odors, etc. such as apatite, zeolite, activated carbon etc. is mixed and sprayed on the photocatalyst particles, the photocatalyst is adjusted by adjusting the amount of anatase crystals so as not to violate the substrate. The weakened point is reinforced.

  That is, the sprayed hydroxyapatite 4 adsorbs and holds treatment targets such as bacteria, harmful substances, and odors in the atmosphere, and the photocatalyst particles having 20 to 30 wt% anatase crystals are decomposed. As a result, the photocatalytic action is reinforced. In order to enhance the photocatalytic action, it is necessary to increase the contact area where the particles come into contact with the object. However, the low temperature spraying method is preferable because a film having finer and larger surface area than the plasma spraying is formed. .

  The paint having a photocatalytic function applied on the base material contains at least a coating film forming component and a dispersant as a binder in addition to the optical semiconductor powder, metal powder and adsorbing material, and other components as necessary. It contains.

  As coating film forming components, cellulose derivatives, phthalic acid resins, phenolic resins, alkyd resins, aminoald resins, acrylic resins, epoxy resins, urethane resins, vinyl chloride resins, silicone resins, fluororesins, emulsions, water-soluble resins, etc. Resins can be mentioned. Examples of the dispersant include petroleum solvents, aromatic solvents, alcohol solvents, ester solvents, ketone solvents, cellosolve solvents, inorganic silicon solvents, water, and the like. In addition, when using a powder coating material, the solvent as a dispersing agent becomes unnecessary. Further, as other components, pigments, for example, inorganic pigments such as titanium dioxide, yellow lead, bengara, chromium oxide, carbon black, organic pigments such as Hansa Yellow, Nova Palm Orange, Quinacridone Violet, copper phthalocyanine, precipitated carbonic acid Examples include extender pigments such as calcium, barium sulfate, talc, clay, and white carbon, and special function pigments typified by anticorrosion pigments such as zinc chromate, strontium chromate, zinc phosphate, and aluminum phosphate. In addition to the above components, as an auxiliary material, a desiccant for the purpose of imparting coating film drying acceleration, a pigment dispersant, an anti-flooding agent, an anti-settling pigment agent, and an increase for the purpose of adjusting the fluidity of the paint. In addition to adhesives, thixotropic agents, anti-sagging agents, leveling agents for the purpose of adjusting the coating surface, defoaming agents, anti-fogging agents, anti-floating agents, plasticizers, anti-skinning agents, electrostatic coating aids, An anti-scratch agent, an anti-blocking agent, an anti-ultraviolet agent, an anti-dyeing agent, an antiseptic, an antifungal agent and the like can be blended. There is no special blending ratio of these components, and the same blending ratio as that of paints that are usually sold can be applied.

  The total blending amount of the optical semiconductor powder, the metal powder and the adsorbing material in the paint is preferably 3 to 55% by weight, particularly 15 to 15%, based on the total amount of the paint, in order to exert effects such as sterilization and deodorization and to ensure appropriate paintability. 35% by weight is preferred.

The photocatalyst particles are preferably composed of titanium oxide particles and silver particles carried thereon. In addition, since all the anatase crystal form of titanium oxide (TiO ₂ ) has an extremely strong oxidizing power and makes the base material rag, the weight ratio of anatase to rutile in the titanium oxide particles as a raw material is 20 -50%: 50-80% is preferable, and if the ratio of anatase is less than this, the photocatalytic action is weak, and if it is more than this ratio, the photocatalytic action is too strong and the binder 9 is decomposed and the paint is immediately decomposed. It will end up. In particular, the weight ratio of anatase to rutile is most preferably about 3 to 7.

The titanium raw material does not necessarily need to be anatase and rutile, and an appropriate photocatalyst can be obtained by adjusting the comparison between anatase with strong catalytic activity and anatase with low catalytic activity.

  The total blending amount of the optical semiconductor powder, the metal powder and the adsorbing material in the paint is preferably 3 to 55% by weight, particularly 15 to 15%, based on the total amount of the paint, in order to exert effects such as sterilization and deodorization and to ensure appropriate paintability. 35% by weight is preferred.

  The weight ratio of the optical semiconductor powder and metal powder (Ag) to the adsorbent material (hydroxyapatite) is preferably 70 to 80% by weight to 10 to 20% by weight.

  The coating method of such paint is not particularly limited, and methods such as brush coating, air spray coating, electrostatic coating, powder coating, electrodeposition coating, curtain flow coating, and roll coating can be applied. .

  The reason for installing the photocatalytic functional body as described above is that light is indispensable for the photocatalytic functional body to exert a bactericidal action, and therefore it is necessary to provide the photocatalytic functional body in a place exposed to light. On the other hand, the ozone contained in the water is not irradiated with light (ultraviolet rays), and since it does not exhibit a bactericidal action, it is not preferable to incorporate it so as to make a shadow.

  Here, the method of providing the photocatalyst functional bodies 33 and 35 is not limited to the above. For example, if the photocatalyst functional body is a permeable paint, it can be applied to the surface of the leak optical fiber, and a polyester non-woven fabric photocatalyst functional body 35 can be installed along the inner wall of the apparatus. is there.

By the above method, the photocatalytic functional body provided in the medium wavelength ultraviolet irradiation device 14 is irradiated with ultraviolet light having a medium wavelength (254 nm), thereby superoxide ions (O ₂ −) from water or dissolved oxygen. And forms a hydroxy radical (.OH). These superoxide ions (O _2- ) and hydroxy radicals (.OH) have strong oxidizing power and decompose bacteria and organic substances.

Also, when the water to be purified is seawater, chloride ions (Cl-) in the seawater are oxidized by the superoxide ions (O _2- ) and hydroxy radicals (.OH) to produce chlorine (Cl2). It is formed. This chlorine (Cl ₂ ) reacts with the surrounding water to form hypochlorous acid (HClO). Furthermore, the hypochlorous acid (HClO) is reacted with the chloride ions in seawater (Cl @ -), to form a chlorine (Cl ₂₎ and hydroxide ions (OH @ -). Further, hydroxide ions (OH−) are oxidized together with chloride ions (Cl−) to form hypochlorite ions (ClO−). Further, hypochlorous acid ions (ClO-), the sodium ions in seawater (Na +) reacting with to form sodium hypochlorite (NaClO), similarly, the calcium ions in sea water (Ca ^{2 +} ) To form calcium hypochlorite (Ca (ClO) ₂ ).

In seawater, it is considered that the above-described reactions occur in a chain, and hypochlorous acid (HClO), chloride ions (Cl-), hydroxide ions (OH-) formed by these reactions. ), Hypochlorite ions (ClO-) and the like also have a bactericidal action. Furthermore, hydrogen superoxide (HO ₂ ) having a strong bactericidal power and divalent hydrogen chloride (HOCl) are also generated by the superoxide ion (O ₂ −) and are generated in the medium wavelength ultraviolet irradiation device 14. As a whole, a great bactericidal effect can be produced.

  The water (seawater) sterilized in the medium wavelength ultraviolet irradiation device 14 by the method as described above is discharged from the water discharge port 36 provided above the medium wavelength ultraviolet irradiation device 14 and passes through the pipe 40. 7, the water enters the long-wavelength ultraviolet irradiation device 15 through the water inlet 41 provided below the long-wavelength ultraviolet irradiation device 15.

In the long-wavelength ultraviolet irradiation process and the long-wavelength ultraviolet irradiation apparatus 15, the active oxygen generated by the medium-wavelength ultraviolet irradiation apparatus 14 is irradiated with ultraviolet light having a long wavelength (350 to 390 nm) by the ultraviolet irradiation lamp 42. Superoxide (O _2- ) becomes oxygen (O ₂ ) through oxide ion (O _2- ) and hydroxy radical (.OH), and hydroxy radical (.OH) is converted from surrounding water (H 2 O) to hydrogen atoms ( One H) is taken away, and active water (H ₂ O) is generated.

When the water to be purified is seawater, as described above, sodium hypochlorite (NaClO), calcium hypochlorite (Ca (ClO) ₂ ), etc. are contained in the seawater, By irradiating ultraviolet rays having a long wavelength (310 to 360 nm), sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) and calcium hypochlorite (Ca (ClO) ₂ ) are decomposed, respectively, to sodium chloride (NaCl) and oxygen. (O ₂ ). Hydrogen superoxide (HO ₂ ) and divalent chlorinated hydrogen (HOCl) also become water (H ₂ O) and sodium chloride (NaCl), respectively. That is, even if the water to be purified is seawater, it can be activated (with the same composition as seawater before purification).

  Since the basic structure of the long-wavelength ultraviolet irradiation device 15 is the same as that of the above-described medium-wavelength ultraviolet irradiation device 14, description thereof is omitted here. Further, the long-wavelength ultraviolet irradiation device 15 may or may not include a photocatalyst treatment body as shown in FIGS.

  The method and apparatus according to the present invention are not limited to the above embodiment. The above-described embodiment is an exemplification, and this embodiment has substantially the same configuration as the technical idea described in the claims of the present invention and can produce any similar effect. It is included in the technical scope of the invention.

  The region where the reaction is caused by the ultraviolet irradiation is a space between the light source and the apparatus (reaction tube), and the reaction is affected by the environment of the reaction field such as transparency. Therefore, it is desirable to provide a plurality of leak optical fibers in the reaction field so as to have an effect of dispersing the light source in the reaction field, and to reduce the influence of the reaction field environment on the reaction A.

  In the short wavelength ultraviolet irradiation device, the leak optical fiber can be used in combination with a straight pipe leak optical fiber and a spiral saddle-shaped non-curvature leak optical fiber. For example, as a configuration in which a straight pipe leak optical fiber is arranged at the center of a spiral saddle-shaped out-of-curvature leak optical fiber, ozone generation can be increased by expanding the ultraviolet irradiation region. In addition, an ultraviolet lamp and a leak optical fiber can be provided side by side. In this case, it is desirable to dispose a spiral saddle type non-curvature leak optical fiber outside the ultraviolet lamp. Since the short wavelength ozone generating unit is so-called vacuum ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 200 nm or less, the leakage light efficiency is insufficient with only the leaky optical fiber. Further, in the present invention, the short wavelength ultraviolet irradiation device can be used alone as an ozone generator without using the short wavelength ultraviolet irradiation device together with the medium wavelength ultraviolet irradiation device and the long wavelength ultraviolet irradiation device.

  Even in medium-wavelength UV irradiation equipment, leak optical fibers can be used in combination with straight pipe leak optical fibers and spiral saddle-shaped non-curvature leak optical fibers. In addition, an ultraviolet lamp and a leak optical fiber can be provided together, and it is desirable to dispose a spiral saddle type non-curvature leak optical fiber outside the ultraviolet lamp.

Also in the long wavelength ultraviolet irradiation device, the above-described function by the long wavelength ultraviolet irradiation can be enhanced by adopting the configuration in the above-described medium wavelength ultraviolet irradiation device.
In particular, in medium-wavelength ultraviolet irradiation devices and long-wavelength ultraviolet irradiation devices, the medium-wavelength and long-wavelength light sources are dispersed to increase the amount of generated OH radicals. It is desirable to arrange a straight pipe leak optical fiber concentrically with the lamp. Further, it is desirable that these straight tube leak optical fibers are provided with a monomolecular film and a coat layer of a mottled photocatalyst.

  As a specific installation method of the leak optical fiber, for example, (1) an ultraviolet lamp (quartz tube) or a cylindrical fixed base is formed in a coil shape. (2) The fixing base is arranged concentrically around the ultraviolet lamp (quartz tube). (3) A plurality of leak optical fibers are spirally wound around each fixed base. And the like.

Further, in order to make the light distribution in the reaction field uniform, it is desirable to install a leak optical fiber (spiral saddle type non-curvature leak optical fiber) as follows.
(1) The radius of curvature of the optical fiber wound on the inner fixed base is made larger than that on the outer side, and the leak amount of ultraviolet rays is made larger on the outer side than on the inner side. For this purpose, the outer side of the spiral pitch is made smaller than the inner side.
(2) The winding direction of the optical fiber is the opposite direction between the adjacent fixed bases.

Next, in order to increase the reaction efficiency in the entire sterilization activation apparatus, a leak optical fiber can be installed in a region where ultraviolet rays do not reach when irradiated with ultraviolet rays from an ultraviolet lamp. For example, (1) a curved pipe leak optical fiber is installed from the outlet of the short wavelength ultraviolet irradiation device 12 to the gas-liquid mixing surface at the outlet of the pump 11.
(2) A curved pipe leak optical fiber is installed in an intermediate part of a pipe or the like from the medium wavelength ultraviolet irradiation device to the long wavelength ultraviolet irradiation device.
(3) A curved pipe leak optical fiber is installed in a pipe or the like at the exit of the sterilization activation device from the long wavelength ultraviolet irradiation device.

  In addition, a pressure tank 13 is provided to dissolve ozone generated in the short wavelength ultraviolet irradiation device 12 in the liquid to be treated, but air bubbles containing ozone exist in the tank 13. The reaction efficiency is improved by installing a leak optical fiber in the tank 13. In addition, the bubbles in the pressure tank 13 increase in particle size as they move to the medium wavelength ultraviolet irradiation device. Since the water contact area of the bubbles is wider in the tank having a small particle diameter, higher efficiency can be obtained in the reaction by ultraviolet irradiation.

  In addition, a plurality of sheet-type leak fibers having a photocatalyst coat layer are installed in the pressure tank 13, and a spiral saddle-type non-curvature leak optical fiber is installed to generate OH radicals in the pressure tank 13 in a preliminary manner. You may let them.

Further, any substance may be used as long as ozone (O ₃ ) can be generated. The leak optical fibers 21 and 32 are not particularly limited as long as they leak and emit ultraviolet rays having a necessary wavelength. Here, in the above-described embodiment, the short-wavelength ultraviolet irradiation device 12 takes in air. However, ozone can be generated by taking in water instead of air and irradiating the oxygen in the water with ultraviolet rays. Is possible. In this case, in order to contain more oxygen in the water, it is preferable to perform bubbling (mixing water and air by bubbling water) before inserting the water into the short wavelength ultraviolet irradiation device 12.

  In addition, an air pump can be used to insert air or water into the short wavelength ultraviolet irradiation device 12. Furthermore, in the pump 11, it is preferable to use a gas-liquid mixing pump in consideration of the case where a gas such as air is mixed into the pump together with water.

  As described above, various devices and the like are exemplified in the embodiment, but the rapid water activation device of the present invention is not particularly limited to the above-described one as long as it is an applicable device.

Here, a specific application field of the above-described rapid sterilization / activation apparatus according to the present invention will be described. As a field of application of the rapid sterilization / activation apparatus according to the present invention,
1) In the fishery-related field, it is necessary to revitalize fish and shellfish cleaning water, seed and seedling culture water, aquarium water for stockpile livestock, and breeding water for fishing bait.
2) For water supply, well water, elevated water tank water, food processing water, sterilization of water for hotels and commercial kitchens 3) For waste water, hospital sterilization, industrial wastewater COD improvement, food processing wastewater aseptic , Sterilization of public sewage, sterilization of village drainage, neutralization of sewage.
4) As process water, soft drinks, food processing water, and fishery processing water are activated.
5) Other applications include sterilization of bath water, pool water, water in cooling water towers, hydroponics water, and water washing in artificial rivers and ponds.
In various fields such as fresh water and seawater, it can be used regardless of the type of water.

Hereinafter, a specific embodiment in the above-mentioned field of use will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 8 shows an apparatus 50 for activating the aquarium water of the stockpile fish. The configuration of the device 50 is that the water filtered by the filtration device 51 and the filtration device 51 for filtering water before the water is fed into the rapid activation apparatus 10 (see FIG. 5) according to the present invention. And a water receiving tank 52 for temporarily receiving water. The filtering device 51 is not particularly limited, and may be any filtering device. From the viewpoint of cost, it is preferable to use a filtration device filled with activated carbon that is normally used. Since the basic structure of the other parts is the same as that of the water rejuvenating device 10 (FIG. 5), it is omitted here. In this case (when the aquarium water of the stockpile live shellfish is rejuvenated), the medium wavelength ultraviolet ray is used. In addition to the irradiation apparatus, it is preferable to provide the photocatalytic functional body also in the long wavelength ultraviolet irradiation apparatus. Since fish take in seawater from salmon and breathe, bacteria and the like contained in seawater are often accumulated in fish salmon. At this time, hypochlorous acid having an appropriate concentration is most suitable for sterilizing bacteria accumulated in the fish cage. As described above, when 350-390 nm ultraviolet rays are strongly irradiated in the long wavelength ultraviolet ray apparatus, when the seawater is activated, all the hypochlorous acid contained in the seawater is decomposed, and on the contrary, for the fish. In order to leave a suitable concentration of hypochlorous acid in the seawater, it is preferable to weaken the intensity of the long-wavelength ultraviolet light and gradually activate the seawater by the decomposition action by the photocatalytic functional body.

  The water that has entered the device through the suction port 53 passes through the filtration device 51, is temporarily stored in the water receiving tank 52, and enters the water activation device 10. The water that has entered the activation device 10 is activated and discharged from the discharge port 54. The aseptic live water discharged from the discharge port 54 is supplied to a fish tank of stored live fish and shellfish.

It is a schematic block diagram of the principal part which shows the straight pipe type leak optical fiber in this invention. It is explanatory drawing for showing the leak action of a curved pipe leak optical fiber. It is a schematic block diagram of the principal part which shows a spiral saddle-shaped extra-curvature leak optical fiber. It is a schematic block diagram of the activation apparatus of this invention. It is a schematic block diagram of the short wavelength ultraviolet irradiation device in the activation apparatus of FIG. It is a schematic block diagram of the medium wavelength ultraviolet irradiation device in the activation apparatus of FIG. It is a schematic block diagram of the long wavelength ultraviolet irradiation device in the sterilization activation device of FIG. It is a schematic block diagram of the apparatus which sterilizes and activates the aquarium water of the storage live fish shellfish to which this invention is applied.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Core 2 Cladding 3 Straight pipe type leak optical fiber 4 Particle 5 Core 6,7 Cladding 9 Spiral saddle type non-curvature leaky optical fiber 8A, 8B Transparent tube 10 Sterilization activation device 11 Pump 12 Short wavelength ultraviolet irradiation device 13 Pressure tank 14 Medium wavelength Ultraviolet irradiation device 15 Long wavelength ultraviolet irradiation device 21, 32 Leak optical fiber 24 Ozone discharge port 31, 41 Water feed port 33, 35 Photocatalyst functional body 40 Piping 50 Device for sterilizing and activating the aquarium water of storage fish shellfish 51 Filtration device 52 Receiving Water tank 53 Inlet 54 Outlet

Claims (11)

  A method for activating water by irradiating water with ultraviolet rays, wherein the water is irradiated with ultraviolet rays by an optical fiber.   It has an ultraviolet irradiation process for irradiating at least water with a selected separate wavelength. In each process, water is irradiated with ultraviolet light by a leak optical fiber that leaks ultraviolet light from the middle of the length direction of the fiber. The water activation method according to claim 1.   The said ultraviolet irradiation process consists of a process which respectively performs the ultraviolet irradiation of the short wavelength of wavelength 180-190nm, the medium wavelength of wavelength 245-260nm, and the long wavelength of wavelength 350-390nm. Water activation method.   A water activation apparatus including an ultraviolet irradiation apparatus that irradiates water with ultraviolet rays, wherein the ultraviolet irradiation apparatus includes a leak optical fiber that leaks ultraviolet rays from the middle in the length direction of the fiber.   5. The apparatus according to claim 4, further comprising: an ultraviolet irradiation device that irradiates at least water with a selected separate wavelength, and a leak optical fiber that leaks ultraviolet rays from the middle of the length direction of the fiber. The water rejuvenating device described in 1.   The said ultraviolet irradiation apparatus consists of an apparatus which respectively irradiates ultraviolet rays with a short wavelength of wavelength 180-190 nm, a medium wavelength of wavelength 245-260 nm, and a long wavelength of wavelength 350-390 nm. Water activation equipment.   The at least one of the ultraviolet irradiation devices includes an ultraviolet irradiation lamp and the leak optical fiber.   The water activation device according to any one of claims 4 to 7, wherein the leak optical fiber is a straight pipe leak optical fiber and / or a spiral saddle-shaped non-curvature leak optical fiber.   9. The water activation apparatus according to claim 4, wherein a surface of the leak optical fiber is coated with a photocatalyst. 10.   10. A leak optical fiber is installed in at least one of a pipe connecting between the ultraviolet irradiation apparatuses and an outlet side pipe of the ultraviolet irradiation apparatus for irradiating ultraviolet rays having a long wavelength. The water activation device according to any one of the above.   8. The activation apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the leak optical fiber is a spiral saddle type non-curvature leak optical fiber, and the ultraviolet irradiation lamp is disposed at a central portion of the spiral saddle type extra curvature leak optical fiber. .

Images