JP2006061840A - Apparatus for producing reduced water - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide such a constitution of an apparatus for producing reduced water that reduced water is produced in a condition that the residual amounts of a chlorine ion, a hypochlorite ion and a chlorine molecule are lowered and the elution of a base stock of an electrode in water is decreased by adjusting the time to impress positive (+) AC voltage and the time to impress negative (-) AC voltage. <P>SOLUTION: A carbon electrode 1 is selected as each of the electrodes of this apparatus for producing reduced water. The residual concentration of the chlorine ion or the like is lowered. Length of the time to impress negative (-) voltage to the carbon electrode 1 from an AC power source 3 is set so that a scale film having such a thickness that the electrical conductivity to water is not hindered is formed on the surface of the carbon electrode 1. Length of the time to impress positive (+) voltage is set to a degree that the formed scale film is dissolved and the impression of the positive (+) voltage ends before a carbon particle is eluted in water from the surface of the carbon electrode. As a result, the elution of the carbon particle in water can be decreased. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to an apparatus that generates reduced water by applying an alternating voltage.

  An apparatus for generating reduced water by applying a high-frequency alternating voltage has already been proposed.

  In general, when the value of redox potential (ORP value) measured by using a silver-silver chloride electrode is +200 mV as an oxidation-reduction potential of water, an intermediate value is set, and water having a potential lower than the intermediate value is water. Is called reduced water.

  In the reduced water generating apparatus adopting the conventional high-frequency alternating current, in most cases, a high-frequency alternating voltage is applied to a pair of electrodes, and a third ground electrode (an electrode having a potential of zero) is provided separately from the pair of electrodes. It is used and adopts a configuration in which a DC voltage or the like is applied between the pair of electrodes, but depending on the material used for the pair of electrodes, the characteristics of the reduced water generator are basically affected. Yes.

  For example, in the case of the reduced water generator shown in Patent Documents 1 and 2, platinum-plated titanium is adopted as a pair of electrodes, but water containing chlorine such as tap water is shown as a material. In some cases, chlorine ions, hypochlorite ions, and chlorine molecules remain in the reduced water, which must be extremely inconvenient for drinking water (purify again by passing through a filter such as activated carbon). It is essential to do that.)

  On the other hand, as shown in Patent Document 3, in the case of a reduced water generator using a high frequency alternating current electroded with a metal oxide, the elution is specifically performed even though the metal oxide is eluted in water. It cannot be prevented.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-84560. JP 2002-45861 A. JP 2002-273431 A. JP2003-305473A.

  The present invention is primarily capable of generating reduced water in a state in which no chlorine ions, hypochlorite ions, and chlorine molecules remain, and secondarily, the material constituting the electrode is It is an object of the present invention to provide a configuration of a reduced water generating apparatus that makes it possible to reduce elution into water.

In order to solve the above problems, the basic configuration of the present invention is as follows.
(1) A reduced water generating device based on selecting a carbon electrode as an electrode in a reduced water generating device including a pair of electrodes and an AC power supply for the electrodes in a container that can contain water,
(2) A scale film with a length of time for applying a negative (-) voltage to each carbon electrode from an AC power source so as not to hinder the conductivity with water on the surface of the carbon electrode. Is set to such a degree that the positive (+) voltage is applied, and the length of time for applying the positive (+) voltage is dissolved before the scale film already formed is dissolved and the carbon particles are anoded from the surface into the water. The reduced water generating device according to (1), characterized in that it is set to
Consists of.

  In the present invention based on the configuration of (1), it is possible to generate reduced water in a state where there are few chlorine ions, hypochlorite ions, and chlorine molecules. It is possible to reduce the elution of carbon particles in the electrode into water.

  In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, a pair of carbon electrodes 1 is installed in a container 2 that can store water, and a positive voltage (+) and a negative (−) voltage are applied between the pair of carbon electrodes 1. An alternating voltage power supply that can alternately apply the following voltage is installed.

As the arrangement of the pair of electrodes, for example, as shown in FIG. 1 (a), it is designed to have substantially the same height, and as shown in FIG. 1 (b), the electrode on one side is more than the electrode on the other side. It is possible to design a high position, and the arrangement form between both electrodes is not necessarily specified.
However, when the asymmetrical AC voltage described later is employed, the arrangement form of FIG. 1B is preferable as described later in paragraph [0023].

  In the present invention, it is possible to generate reduced water only by a pair of carbon electrodes 1 as in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B. However, in the case of a conventional reduced water generator, Similarly, the configuration in which other ground electrodes are provided is not specifically excluded.

  In the case of the carbon electrode 1, voids exist between the carbon particles constituting the crystal, and it is considered that chlorine ions, hypochlorite ions, and chlorine molecules in water are adsorbed between the voids. As a result, it is understood that the degree to which chlorine ions, hypochlorite ions, and chlorine molecules remain in the reduced water is reduced as compared with the case of other electrodes.

However, in the case of the carbon electrode 1, the carbon constituting the carbon particles may be ionized and then dissolved in water, and hydrogen carbonate (H ₂ CO ₃ ) may be formed.

  In the configuration of (2), before carbon dissolves in water, at the stage where each electrode becomes a cathode, the degree of conductivity of the scale film on the electrode surface is not lost due to the cationic compound in water. In the stage where the anode is formed and the anode is formed, the scale film already formed is sequentially removed, and after the removal, the carbon constituting the carbon particles is ionized and changed to the cathode before elution into water. In this way, the elution of carbon into water is reduced. (According to the above explanation, the elution of water into water should theoretically be prevented. At the time of formation, and further after the removal of the scale film, a trace amount of carbon elutes in water and cannot be completely prevented.

  As described above, in the basic configuration of (2), the cycle of alternating current by repeating the formation and removal of the scale film is completely different from the case of the conventional reduced water generator using high-frequency alternating current. It requires an extremely long time.

  The specific time differs depending on the applied voltage and the density of the carbon constituting the carbon electrode 1 to be used, but in a carbon composite electrode that is relatively widely used, an alternating current with a voltage peak value of both electrodes of 10 V is used. In this case, the AC half-cycle is often set to 50 to 200 sec.

  In the configurations of (1) and (2), as in the case of normal alternating current, the voltage waveform due to a half cycle that is positive (+) and a half cycle that is negative (−) When a normal AC voltage that is symmetrical (hereinafter abbreviated as “symmetrical AC voltage”) is applied, reduced water having an ORP value of about 0 mV can be obtained.

When a symmetrical alternating voltage is applied, the hydrogen ions (H ⁺ ) and the hydroxide ions (OH ⁻ ) are distributed approximately evenly around the electrode and further in the container 2, As described above, reduced water can be obtained by combining the hydrogen ions (H ⁺ ) and hydroxide ions (OH ⁻ ) generated in water with the dissolved oxygen in the water to newly form water. In contrast, it is understood that hydroxide ions have a low probability of forming hydroxylium ions (HO ₃ ⁻ ) by combining with dissolved oxygen and remain in water.

  However, in the configurations of (1) and (2) above, the voltage waveform due to the positive (+) period and the negative (-) period is not symmetrical with respect to the zero voltage, and is specified. The time integral value of a positive (+) voltage at one of the electrodes is larger than the time integral value of a negative (−) voltage, and the time integral value of a positive (+) voltage at the other electrode In the case of adopting an embodiment characterized in that an alternating current is applied so that the voltage becomes smaller than the time integral value of a voltage that becomes negative (−) (hereinafter, such alternating current is abbreviated as “asymmetrical alternating voltage”). It is possible to further reduce the ORP value.

  The reason why the reduction potential can be lowered by applying an asymmetrical AC voltage is not always clear.

However, on the one electrode to which more positive (+) voltage is applied based on the asymmetrical AC voltage, more hydrogen ions (H ⁺ ) are concentrated than hydroxide ions (OH ⁻ ). In the other electrode to which more negative (−) potential is applied, the voltage of the hydroxide ion (OH ⁻ ) is more negative than the voltage of the negative (−) than the hydrogen ion (H ⁺ ). In the electrode on one side, hydrogen ions (H ⁺ ) often generate new water due to the combination with dissolved oxygen, compared to the case of symmetrical alternating voltage, on the other side, It can be considered that dense hydroxide ions (OH ⁻ ) often remain without being combined with hydrogen ions (H ⁺ ) in the electrode of FIG.
And when applying an asymmetrical alternating voltage, the arrangement | positioning form of FIG.1 (b) is employ | adopted, and the time integration value by the voltage used as positive (+) must be larger than the time integration value by the voltage used as negative (-). In the case where the electrode to which the voltage is applied is disposed on the lower side, the portion not bonded to the hydroxide ion (OH ⁻ ) in water among the relatively large amount of hydrogen ions (H ⁺ ) generated at the electrode However, when it is possible to combine with dissolved oxygen in water without being rapidly released into the air as hydrogen atoms (H ₂ ), an arrangement as shown in FIG. It is preferable to apply the voltage as described above to the lower electrode after selecting the form.

As shown in FIG. 2A, the application method of the asymmetrical AC voltage is characterized in that a positive (+) voltage application time is set longer than a negative (-) voltage application time. Embodiment, and further, as shown in FIG. 2 (b), an embodiment in which the peak value of the positive (+) voltage is set larger than the peak value of the negative (−) voltage,
Both exist.

  Thus, in order to obtain reduced water having a low ORP value, the embodiment using the asymmetrical AC voltage as described above is appropriate.

  The waveform of the AC voltage to be applied is not limited to a sine wave as shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, but rather, a rectangular wave pulse as shown in FIG. 3 is often used.

  3A shows a symmetric AC voltage by a rectangular wave pulse, and FIG. 3B shows a rectangular wave pulse that forms an asymmetric AC voltage due to a difference in peak value corresponding to FIG. 2A. FIG. 3C shows the asymmetrical AC voltage due to the difference in time corresponding to FIG. 2B, but in the case of a rectangular wave pulse, the generation and application of the asymmetrical AC voltage can be easily realized. Therefore, it is convenient for producing reduced water having a low ORP value.

  According to the inventors' experience, as shown in FIG. 3 (b), an embodiment of applying a rectangular wave pulse that is an asymmetrical alternating current that differs in application time, and as shown in FIG. 3 (c), In the embodiment in which rectangular wave pulses that are asymmetrical AC voltages that differ in peak value are applied, the ORP value can be efficiently reduced.

  The voltage according to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 indicates the voltage between a pair of electrodes, and it is not necessary until the potentials of both electrodes show the states as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG.

  That is, it is naturally possible to employ a design in which one of the pair of electrodes has a potential as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 and is set to zero potential by installing the other electrode.

  When the reduced-water production | generation apparatus by this invention and a water purifier are couple | bonded, there are few residual chlorine ions and residual chlorine molecules, and neutral or weak alkaline purified water can be drunk.

  In the following, description will be made in accordance with examples.

  In Example 1, after adopting an asymmetrical AC voltage by a rectangular wave pulse different in application time as shown in FIG. 3B, a wave of 8 to 20 V is applied from one electrode to the other electrode. It has a high value, the pulse width is set to 2000 to 4000 μsec, rectangular wave pulses sequentially generated at a time interval of 100 to 150 μsec are applied as positive (+) voltages for 30 to 60 sec, and the same rectangular wave pulse is applied to the same It is characterized in that rectangular wave pulses that are sequentially generated at time intervals are applied as negative (-) voltages for 60 to 120 seconds.

  With respect to the rectangular wave pulse that is an asymmetrical AC voltage due to such a difference in application time, when the voltage and each application time are in the above-mentioned numerically limited range, there are few residual chlorine ions or chlorine molecules, and ORP Reduced water having a low value can be obtained.

Hereinafter, description will be made in accordance with the experimental results.
[Experiment]
The peak value is set to 12 V, the pulse time width is set to 3000 μsec, rectangular wave pulses sequentially generated at a time interval of 125 μsec are applied as positive (+) voltages for 45 seconds, and then the same rectangular wave pulse is set to the same time interval. After selecting the asymmetrical alternating voltage by the rectangular wave pulse by applying the rectangular wave pulse generated sequentially by the negative voltage (-) for 85 seconds,
(1) After passing tap water through an activated carbon filter in advance, only a pair of platinum-plated titanium electrodes are adopted, accommodated in a reduced water generator not using a ground electrode, and a rectangular wave pulse according to the above selection When an asymmetrical AC voltage is applied,
(2) A rectangular wave having a frequency of 40 kHz and a peak value of 26 V in a reduced water generator having a pair of electrodes and a ground electrode by a platinum plating volatilization electrode without passing tap water through an activated carbon filter in advance. When high-frequency symmetrical alternating voltage by pulse is applied for 20 minutes,
(3) After passing tap water through an activated carbon filter in advance, only a pair of carbon composite electrodes is used, and a reduced water generator that does not use a ground electrode has an asymmetrical alternating current by a rectangular wave pulse according to the above selection. When voltage is applied for 12 minutes,
The results of measuring the residual chlorine concentration and the reduction potential are as follows.

※ 上記残留塩素濃度は、塩素イオンの場合と、塩素分子の場合の双方を含んでいる。

* The above residual chlorine concentration includes both chlorine ions and chlorine molecules.

  As is clear from the experimental results, when a conventional platinum-plated titanium electrode is employed, as is clear from the comparison with (1) and (2), a ground electrode is not used. Although the reduction potential can be lowered by applying an asymmetrical AC voltage, it is considerably inferior in the degree of residual chlorine ions and chlorine molecules as compared with the case of applying a symmetrical AC voltage.

  On the other hand, as is clear from the comparison between the above (1) and (3), when an asymmetrical AC voltage by the same rectangular wave pulse is applied, the embodiment of the present invention is more effective than the conventional titanium electrode. It can be seen that a certain carbon electrode 1 can obtain a slightly lower ORP value, and that the carbon electrode 1 is clearly superior in residual chlorine concentration.

  Furthermore, as is clear from the comparison between (2) and (3), the present invention is more effective than the case of using a titanium electrode and applying a symmetric AC voltage by a rectangular wave pulse as in the conventional example. As in the example, it is found that a lower value can be obtained in both the ORP value and the residual hydrogen concentration when the asymmetrical AC voltage due to the rectangular wave pulse is applied to the carbon electrode 1.

  In Example 2, as shown in FIG. 3 (c), an asymmetrical AC voltage based on a rectangular wave pulse having a difference in peak value is adopted, and then 8-20V from one electrode to the other electrode. It has a peak value, the pulse width is 2000 to 4000 μsec, a rectangular wave pulse that is sequentially generated at a time interval of 100 to 150 μsec is applied as a positive (+) voltage for 30 to 60 sec, and a peak value of 15 to 40 V is applied. And having a pulse width of 2000 to 4000 [mu] sec, and applying a rectangular wave pulse sequentially generated at a time interval of 100 to 150 [mu] sec as a negative (-) voltage for 100 to 200 sec.

The amount of hydrogen ions (H ⁺ ) generated at an electrode to which a positive (+) voltage is applied and the amount of hydroxide ions (OH ⁻ ) generated at an electrode to which a negative (−) voltage is applied are As long as it is proportional to the integral value of the voltage, the second embodiment can achieve the same effects as the first embodiment.

  In particular, according to the experiment of Example 1, the peak value is set to 12 V, the pulse time width is set to 3000 μsec, and a rectangular wave pulse generated sequentially at a time interval of 45 μsec is applied as a positive (+) voltage for 45 sec. After selecting the asymmetrical AC voltage to be applied for 45 seconds, the peak value is set to 23 V, the pulse time width is set to 3000 μsec, the rectangular wave pulses sequentially generated by the time interval of 125 μsec are set as negative (−) voltages, When applied to a pair of carbon electrodes of the present invention, it is natural that reduced water having a small amount of residual chlorine ions or chlorine molecules and a low ORP value can be obtained as in the case of the experiment of Example 1. Can be estimated.

  The reduced water production | generation apparatus by this invention can be utilized for the production | generation of drinking water, manufacture of industrial reduced water, etc.

It is a sectional side view which shows the basic composition of the device concerning the present invention, (a) shows the case where both electrodes are designed at about the same height, and (b) shows both electrodes at different heights. The case where it designed is shown. It is a graph which shows the state of the asymmetrical alternating voltage by a sine wave, (a) has shown the case where it differs in an application time, (b) shows the case where it has shown the case where it differs in a peak value. . The case where the alternating voltage by a square wave pulse is applied is shown, (a) shows the case of a symmetrical alternating voltage, (b) shows the case of an asymmetrical alternating voltage with different application times, (C) has shown the case of the asymmetrical alternating voltage from which the peak value differs.

Explanation of symbols

1 Carbon electrode 2 Container 3 AC power supply

Claims (12)

  A reduced water generation apparatus based on selecting a carbon electrode as an electrode in a reduced water generation apparatus including a pair of electrodes in a container that can contain water and an AC power supply for the electrodes.   A scale film is formed on the surface of the carbon electrode that does not hinder the conductivity with water for the length of time that a negative (-) voltage is applied to each carbon electrode from an AC power source. And set the length of time to apply the positive (+) voltage to such an extent that it dissolves the scale film that has already been formed and ends before the carbon particles dissolve in water from the surface. The reduced water production | generation apparatus of Claim 1 characterized by the above-mentioned.   The time integration value by the positive (+) voltage from the one side electrode to the other side electrode is set larger than the time integration value by the negative (−) voltage, and the one side electrode to the one side electrode is set. The reduced water generating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a time integration value based on a positive (+) voltage is set smaller than a time integration value based on a negative (−) voltage.   4. The reduced water generator according to claim 3, wherein the application time of the positive (+) voltage is set longer than the application time of the negative (-) voltage.   4. The reduced water generator according to claim 3, wherein the peak value of the positive (+) voltage is set larger than the peak value of the negative (−) voltage.   6. The reduced water generating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a potential at one of the pair of electrodes is set to zero.   7. The reduced water generating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein each of a positive (+) voltage and a negative (−) voltage is an assembly of rectangular wave pulses.   A square wave pulse having a peak value of 8 to 20 V from one electrode to the other electrode, a pulse time width of 20000 to 4000 μsec, and sequentially generated at a time interval of 100 to 150 μsec is a positive (+) voltage. And applying a rectangular wave pulse that sequentially generates the same rectangular wave pulse at the same time interval as a negative (-) voltage for 60 to 120 seconds. The reduced water production | generation apparatus of description.   The peak value is set to 12V, the pulse time width is set to 3000 μsec, the rectangular wave pulses sequentially generated by the time interval of 125 μsec are applied as positive (+) voltages for 45 seconds, and then the same rectangular wave pulse is set to the same time interval. 9. The reduced water generating apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the rectangular wave pulses sequentially generated by the step are applied as a negative (-) voltage for 85 seconds.   A square wave pulse having a peak value of 8 to 20 V from one electrode to the other electrode, a pulse time width of 2000 to 4000 μsec, and sequentially generated at a time interval of 100 to 150 μsec is a positive (+) voltage. As a negative (−) voltage, a rectangular wave pulse that is applied for 30 to 60 seconds, has a peak value of 15 to 40 V, has a pulse time width of 2000 to 4000 μsec, and is sequentially generated at a time interval of 100 to 150 μsec. The reduced water generating apparatus according to claim 5, 6 or 7, wherein 100 to 200 seconds are applied.   The pulse width is set to 12V, the pulse width is set to 3000 μsec, the rectangular wave pulses sequentially generated at 45 μsec time intervals are applied as positive (+) voltages, and the pulse height is set to 23 V after being applied for 45 seconds. The reduced water generating apparatus according to claim 10, wherein a square wave pulse that is sequentially generated at a time interval of 125 μsec is applied as a negative (−) voltage for 45 sec.   The reduced-water production | generation apparatus of Claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 combined with the water purifier.

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