JP2006058579A - Electronic musical score display apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus which is thin and light in weight, has low energy consumption and response performance of high speed and is suitable for display of electronic musical score information. <P>SOLUTION: The electronic musical score display apparatus is provided with a display part displaying an image representing a musical score on the basis of information from a storage medium. The display part is constituted of a display plate wherein an image display medium 30 is encapsulated in a closed space between two substrates 10 and 20 at least one of which is transparent and which are opposed to each other using a gas as a dispersion medium and the image display medium is transferred by applying an electric field to the image display medium 30 to form an image. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention replaces a score hard-copyed on a medium such as paper with an external semiconductor storage device, an optical storage disk such as a so-called PC card, memory card, CD-ROM, or a magnetic storage disk such as an MO. The present invention relates to an electronic score display apparatus having a display unit for displaying score information recorded in a storage medium.

  At present, information in which characters and figures are converted into digital data and books such as novels and dictionaries are recorded on a recording medium such as a CD-ROM is widely used, and a computer is used as an apparatus for displaying such electronic book information. In addition, dedicated electronic book display devices are beginning to circulate. As a background, when a dedicated electronic book display device is used instead of paper media, a large amount of book information can be stored in a compact device, and it is lightweight and convenient to carry. It can be displayed on a common display device, the cost per information amount is reduced, information can be obtained simply by downloading from the Internet, and it is highly available, and paper is not wasted, saving resources. There may be a reason for this.

  On the other hand, with respect to the musical score used for playing the musical instrument, it has been desired to display an electronic musical score in which musical score information is stored in a storage medium using a dedicated electronic musical score display device with the same background.

  As a method for realizing this, for example, it is conceivable to display musical score information using a liquid crystal display device proposed as an electronic book display device (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In this case, the thickness cannot be reduced or the weight cannot be reduced to a level that is satisfactory for usability of the electronic score display device, and it has not been commercialized. Further, when the liquid crystal display device is used for displaying an electronic score, a large amount of energy is consumed simply by displaying a score, which is also a problem.

For display devices for e-book readers, an electrophoretic method is proposed in which a dispersion liquid consisting of dispersed particles and a colored solution is microencapsulated and placed between opposing substrates instead of the liquid crystal having such problems. Has been commercialized.
JP 2001-92383 A

  However, such an electrophoresis method has a problem that the response speed is slowed down due to the viscous resistance of the liquid because the particles migrate in the liquid. Furthermore, since particles with high specific gravity such as titanium oxide are dispersed in a solution with low specific gravity, it is easy to settle, it is difficult to maintain stability of the dispersed state, and stability when displaying information repeatedly is lacking. Have a problem. Even when microencapsulation is performed, the cell size is set to the microcapsule level, and the above-described drawbacks are hardly made to appear, so that the essential problem is not solved at all.

  In particular, in an apparatus that displays an electronic score, it is necessary to quickly update the display screen as the performance progresses, and the electrophoretic method is not suitable for this response speed.

  The present invention has been made paying attention to the above-described problems, and is thin and lightweight, can reduce energy consumption, and is suitable for display of electronic musical score information with fast image response performance. It is an object to provide an apparatus.

  <1> includes a display unit that displays an image representing a score based on information from a storage medium, and the display unit is provided in a sealed space between two opposing substrates, at least one of which is transparent, An electronic musical score display device comprising a display plate that encloses an image display medium using a gas as a dispersion medium and moves the image display medium by applying an electric field to the image display medium to form an image.

  <2> includes an input unit that inputs a command for operating the display unit in <1>, and a display unit control unit that controls an image displayed on the display unit based on a command from the input unit. The display unit control means controls the information displayed on the display unit by changing the distribution of the electric field applied to the image display medium, and inverts the electric field distribution when there is no command from the input unit for a predetermined time. After that, the electronic score display device is configured to perform processing for making the electric field distribution uniform.

  <3> in <2>, wherein the display unit control means includes a memory unit, and when performing the process of inverting the electric field distribution, the image information displayed immediately before the process of inverting, or The identification code for identifying the image information is stored in the memory unit, and the image information displayed immediately before the process of reading and inverting the image information or the identification code from the memory unit based on a command from the input unit It is an electronic musical score display apparatus comprised so that the process which displays may be performed.

  <4> is the processing in which in <2> or <3>, the display unit control means displays a notice on the display unit that a reversal process is performed when there is no instruction from the input unit. It is an electronic musical score display device configured to be performed before the time at which processing for inverting the electric field distribution is performed.

<5> In any one of <2> to <4>, a simple matrix electrode that applies an electric field to the image display medium is disposed on the display plate, and the simple matrix electrode is disposed in parallel with the substrate. A pair of planar electrodes, each planar electrode is composed of a plurality of conductive wires parallel to each other, the conductive wires of different planar electrodes are directed in a direction intersecting each other,
The display unit control means is an electronic musical score display device configured to change the electric field distribution by binaryly controlling each voltage of the conducting wire.

  <6> is any one of <2> to <5>, wherein the display unit control unit is configured to perform a process of feeding and updating an image based on a command from the input unit. An electronic score display device.

  <7> is any one of <2> to <6>, wherein the display unit control means updates the image by continuously feeding or pitch-feeding the image at a speed based on a command from the input unit. It is an electronic musical score display device configured to be able to perform.

  According to <1>, display of electronic musical score information is realized by moving an image display medium in which gas is sealed as a dispersion medium in a sealed space between both substrates. In addition, it is possible to provide an electronic musical score display device that can display with a high contrast ratio and has a simple structure and low power consumption.

  According to <2>, when the command from the input unit is not received for a predetermined time, the display unit control unit performs a process of making the electric field distribution uniform after inverting the electric field distribution applied to the image display medium. Thus, as will be described later, when the same image is continuously displayed on the display unit for a long time, the contrast pattern of the image remains in the form of being overlaid on the image displayed thereafter. This problem can be solved where there is a possibility of causing a phenomenon.

  The measure to prevent this phenomenon is not to display the image portion with contrast for a long time. First, when the image with contrast has been displayed without changing for a predetermined time or more, It is effective to forcibly reverse the black and white pattern that is currently displayed, and to forcibly perform the reverse display. Second, when the same screen is unavoidably displayed for a long time, for example, the power is turned off. In this case, it is necessary to leave the image in a state of an image having no contrast, that is, a so-called solid image of one color on the entire surface. This is because a solid image does not cause a phenomenon that an afterimage is left even if it is displayed for a long time.

  Although details will be described later, in the display panel according to the present invention, a reversed image can be formed by inverting the electric field distribution, and a solid image can be obtained by making the electric field distribution uniform. it can.

  According to <3>, when performing the process of inverting the electric field distribution, the display unit control unit displays the image information displayed immediately before the process of inverting or the identification code for identifying the image information as the memory unit. And reading the image information or the identification code from the memory unit based on a command from the input unit, and displaying the image information that was displayed immediately before the process of reversing. However, when the use of the electronic score display device is interrupted in performance, etc., when it is used again, the use can be easily resumed from the state before the interruption, and the electronic score display device is easy to use. It can be.

  According to <4>, since the display unit control unit is configured to perform a process of displaying a notice to the effect that a reversal process is performed on the display unit when there is no instruction from the input unit, Even if a reverse image or a solid image appears on the screen, the electronic score display device can be made human-friendly without causing the user to panic.

  According to <5>, since a simple matrix electrode is used as an electrode of the display board, the display board can be made a simple and compact structure, thereby displaying the inverted image or the solid image. It can be done easily.

  According to <6>, the display unit control unit is configured to perform a process of updating the image by pagination based on a command from the input unit. Regardless of whether you do it yourself or an attendant, you can perform page turning work that was annoying work by simply performing simple operations such as button operations on the input unit. Troublesome work can be simplified.

  According to <7>, the display unit control unit is configured to perform a process of updating an image by continuously feeding or pitch feeding at a speed based on a command from the input unit. If the feed speed is set, the score can be fed continuously or pitched according to the progress of the song to be played, eliminating the troublesome work by eliminating the work equivalent to page turning during the performance. can do. Note that the feeding speed can be adjusted more smoothly by allowing the performer to make fine corrections during the progression of the song, so that the matching between the song and the score can be adjusted more smoothly.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an electronic musical score display apparatus according to the present invention, FIG. 1 (a) shows an electronic musical score display apparatus (main body part), and FIG. 2 (b) shows a remote control part. The electronic musical score display apparatus 1 includes a display unit 2 that displays information from an external or internal storage medium on the upper surface of a thin plate-like housing 3, and a display unit that updates display contents on the display unit 2. It has a control means. The display content is updated by operating the input unit 4 on the upper surface of the housing 3. Reference numeral 5 denotes a memory card insertion slot when inputting display information using a memory card.

  As the input unit 4, for example, buttons can be arranged as shown. In this case, the input unit 4 includes a feed mode selection button group 11, a screen feed button group 21, an automatic feed start / stop button 26, chapter position movement. A switch 27, a feed speed adjustment switch 28, and an automatic / manual / feed switch 32 are provided.

  The feed mode selection button group 11 includes a page feed button 12, a step feed button 13, and a continuous feed button 14. By pressing any one of these buttons, screen feed (screen update) is performed for each page. You can choose to send, send every paragraph of the score, or send the score continuously up and down.

  The automatic / manual / feed switch 32 selects whether the feed operation is automatically performed at the set speed or by manually pressing the button when the feed mode is page feed or step feed. This is a switch button for switching between automatic and manual each time it is pressed.

  The screen feed button group 11 is an operation button group for sending a screen. In addition to a page feed button 22 for sending a page next and a page return button 23 for returning a page to the previous page, the screen is sent step by step up and down. It includes a step-up button 25 and a step-back button 24, and can be operated in either a manual or automatic feed state. In the case of automatic feed, by pressing this button The automatic feed can be forcibly canceled and the desired feed can be interrupted.

  The chapter position moving switch 27 is a switch for jumping to a chapter position including the start and end of a musical score set in advance, and the feed speed adjustment switch 28 steps up the feed speed in the case of automatic feed. Or a switch that steps down.

  By operating the above buttons and switches, the performer can manually operate the screen feed in the feed mode that suits his / her preference and music, and in the desired feed mode and at the tempo. The screen can be automatically sent at a preset feed speed, and in the automatic feed, when the score display position and the progress of the music are shifted, the feed speed adjustment switch 28 is operated, The feeding speed can be corrected, and the electronic musical score display apparatus 1 of the present invention can be used.

  Note that the currently selected feed mode is indicated by displaying the selected mode at the end of the display unit 2 or by overlaying it on the score, or with a button on the lamp. It can be displayed by turning on a button corresponding to the selected mode.

Also, when playing multiple songs, the score information corresponding to each song is stored in the internal storage device, and a list of songs stored on the screen is displayed on the screen, and the song to be played from now on. Can be selected by moving the cursor to the display position of the target song on the list of the screen. In this case, the button 34 is assigned to a button for switching the function of the button, and each time the button 34 is pressed, the function of the screen advance button group 11 can be switched between the screen advance function and the list selection function, and the screen When the feed button group 11 is used for list selection, the buttons 22 to 25 are preferably functioned as cursor movement buttons, and the button 26 is functioned as a selection determination button.
In FIG. 1, 31 is a power button, and 33 is a setting button for performing various settings.

  A remote controller 9 is provided so that a screen feed operation, an automatic feed start / stop operation, a chapter position movement operation, and a feed speed adjustment operation can be performed remotely, and these operations are performed on the remote control 9. Screen feed button group 21A, automatic feed start / stop button 26A, chapter position movement switch 27A and feed speed adjustment switch 28A can be provided. In this case, by fixing the remote control 9 to the hand of the musical instrument to be played. These operations can be easily performed even during performance.

  FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration related to the control of the electronic score display apparatus 1, and the display unit control means 6 of the electronic score display apparatus 1 responds to a command input to the input unit 4, for example, a page turning command. Based on this, information to be displayed is read out from the storage medium 7 such as a memory card inserted in the memory card insertion slot 5, and a signal for controlling the image to be displayed is output to the display unit 2. To do. The display control unit 6 has a memory 8 for storing data therein.

Next, the basic structure of the display board which comprises this display part 2 is demonstrated about the above-mentioned display part 2. FIG.
The display panel used in the present invention forms information by applying an electric field to at least two kinds of image display media (particle group or powder fluid) having different charging characteristics, which are sealed between two opposing substrates. That is, along the applied electric field direction, the image display medium charged at a low potential toward the high potential side is attracted by the force of the electric field or Coulomb force, and at the high potential toward the low potential side. The charged image display medium is attracted by an electric field force, a Coulomb force, or the like, and the image display medium is reciprocated by a change in the electric field direction due to a potential change, thereby displaying an image. Therefore, it is necessary to design the display plate so that the image display medium can move uniformly and maintain stability during repetition or storage. Here, the force applied to the particles or powder fluid used as the image display medium is not only the force attracted by the Coulomb force between the particles or powder fluid, but also the image power, intermolecular force, liquid crosslinking force with the electrode or substrate. , Gravity and so on.

The example of the display board of this invention is demonstrated based on Fig.3 (a), (b) and Fig.4 (a), (b).
In the example shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, two or more kinds of colors composed of at least one kind of particles in which a gas, for example, dry air is sealed as a dispersion medium in a sealed space between the substrates 10 and 20. Image display medium 30 (here, white particles 30W and black particles 30B are shown) are moved in a direction perpendicular to the substrates 10 and 20 in accordance with the electric field applied from the outside of the substrates 10 and 20, and the black particles 30B are moved. The black color is displayed by visually recognizing the observer, or the white particles 30W are visually recognized by the observer. In the example shown in FIG. 3B, in addition to the example shown in FIG. 3A, a partition 40 is provided between the substrates 10 and 20 to form a display cell, for example, in a lattice shape.

In the example shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, two or more kinds of image display media 30 (here, white particles 30W and black particles 30B are shown) composed of at least one kind of particles are used for the substrate 10. In accordance with the electric field generated by applying a voltage between the electrode 50 provided on the electrode and the electrode 60 provided on the substrate 20, the substrate is moved perpendicularly to the substrates 10 and 20, and the black particles 30B are visually recognized by an observer. Black display is performed, or white particles 30W are visually recognized by an observer to perform white display. In the example shown in FIG. 4B, in addition to the example shown in FIG. 4A, partition walls 40 are provided, for example, in a lattice shape between the substrates 10 and 20 to define display cells.
The above description can be similarly applied to the case where the white particles 30W are replaced with the white powder fluid and the black particles 30B are replaced with the black powder fluid.

Hereinafter, each member which comprises the image display board of this invention is demonstrated.
Regarding the substrate, at least one of the substrates is a transparent substrate 20 on which the color of the image display medium can be confirmed from the outside of the panel, and a material having high visible light transmittance and good heat resistance is preferable. The substrate 10 may be transparent or opaque. Examples of substrate materials include polymer sheets such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyethersulfone, polyethylene, polycarbonate, polyimide, and acrylic, flexible materials such as metal sheets, and flexible materials such as glass and quartz. There are no inorganic sheets. The thickness of the substrate is preferably from 2 to 5000 μm, more preferably from 5 to 2000 μm. If it is too thin, it will be difficult to maintain the strength and the uniform spacing between the substrates, and if it is thicker than 5000 μm, a thin image display board will be obtained. Is inconvenient.

  Electrode forming materials for electrodes provided on the substrate as necessary include metals such as aluminum, silver, nickel, copper, and gold, and conductive metal oxides such as ITO, indium oxide, conductive tin oxide, and conductive zinc oxide , Conductive polymers such as polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene and the like are exemplified, and are appropriately selected and used. As a method for forming an electrode, a method of forming the above-described materials into a thin film by sputtering, vacuum deposition, CVD (chemical vapor deposition), coating, or the like, or mixing a conductive agent with a solvent or a synthetic resin binder. The method of apply | coating is used. The electrode provided on the viewing side substrate needs to be transparent, but the electrode provided on the back side substrate does not need to be transparent. In any case, the above-mentioned material that is conductive and capable of pattern formation can be suitably used. Note that the electrode thickness is not particularly limited as long as the conductivity can be secured and the light transmittance is not hindered, and is preferably 3 to 1000 nm, preferably 5 to 400 nm. The material and thickness of the electrode provided on the back side substrate are the same as those of the electrode provided on the viewing side substrate described above, but need not be transparent. In this case, the external voltage input may be superimposed with direct current or alternating current.

  About the partition 40 provided as needed, the shape is appropriately set appropriately depending on the type of image display medium involved in the display, and is not limited in general, but the width of the partition is 2 to 100 μm, preferably 3 to 50 μm. The height of the partition wall is adjusted to 10 to 500 μm, preferably 10 to 200 μm. In forming the partition walls, a both-rib method in which ribs are formed on each of the opposing substrates and then bonded, and a one-rib method in which ribs are formed only on one substrate are conceivable. In the present invention, any method is preferably used.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the display cells formed by the partition walls made up of these ribs are exemplified by a square shape, a triangular shape, a line shape, a circular shape, and a hexagonal shape as viewed from the substrate plane direction. The shape and the mesh shape are exemplified. It is better to make the portion corresponding to the cross section of the partition wall visible from the display side (the area of the frame portion of the display cell) as small as possible, and the sharpness of the image display increases. Examples of the method for forming the partition include a mold transfer method, a screen printing method, a sand blast method, a photolithography method, and an additive method. Among these, a photolithography method using a resist film and a mold transfer method are preferably used. In any method, the present invention can be suitably used.

Next, the powder fluid as an image display medium used in the image display panel of the present invention will be described. As for the name of the powder fluid as the image display medium of the present invention, the present applicant has obtained the right of “Electronic Powder Fluid (registered trademark)”.
The “powder fluid” in the present invention is a substance in an intermediate state of both fluid and particle characteristics that exhibits fluidity by itself without borrowing the force of gas or liquid. For example, liquid crystal is defined as an intermediate phase between a liquid and a solid, and has fluidity that is a characteristic of liquid and anisotropy (optical properties) that is a characteristic of solid (Heibonsha: Encyclopedia) . On the other hand, the definition of particle is an object with a finite mass even if it is negligible, and is said to be affected by gravity (Maruzen: Physics Encyclopedia). Here, even in the case of particles, there are special states of gas-solid fluidized bed and liquid-solid fluids. When gas is flowed from the bottom plate to the particles, upward force is applied to the particles according to the velocity of the gas. Is a gas-solid fluidized bed that is in a state where it can easily flow when it balances with gravity, and it is also called a liquid-solid fluidized state that is fluidized by a fluid (ordinary) Company: Encyclopedia). As described above, the gas-solid fluidized bed body and the liquid-solid fluid are in a state of using a gas or liquid flow. In the present invention, it has been found that a substance in a state of fluidity can be produced specifically without borrowing the force of such gas and liquid, and this is defined as powder fluid.

  That is, the pulverulent fluid in the present invention is in an intermediate state having both the characteristics of particles and liquid, as in the definition of liquid crystal (liquid and solid intermediate phase), and is the characteristic of the above-mentioned particles. It is a substance that is extremely unaffected and exhibits a unique state with high fluidity. Such a substance can be obtained in an aerosol state, that is, a dispersion system in which a solid or liquid substance is stably suspended as a dispersoid in a gas serving as a dispersion medium, and the solid substance is dispersed in the display device of the present invention. It is what you want.

The image display panel of the present invention encloses a powder fluid that exhibits high fluidity in an aerosol state in which solid particles are stably suspended as a dispersoid in a gas as an image display medium between opposing substrates, at least one of which is transparent Such a powder fluid can be easily and stably moved by a Coulomb force or the like by applying a low voltage.
As described above, for example, the powder fluid used in the present invention is a substance in an intermediate state between fluid and particles, which exhibits fluidity by itself without borrowing the force of gas or liquid. This powder fluid can be in an aerosol state in particular, and in the image display device of the present invention, a solid substance is used in a state of relatively stably floating as a dispersoid in the gas.

  Here, the range of the aerosol state is such that the apparent volume when the pulverized fluid is floated is preferably 2 times or more, more preferably 2.5 times or more, and particularly preferably 3 times or more that when the powder fluid is not floating. Although an upper limit is not specifically limited, It is preferable that it is 12 times or less.

  If the apparent volume of the pulverized fluid is less than twice that of the unfloating state, it is difficult to control the display, and if it is more than 12 times, the powder fluid will be overloaded when sealed in the device. Inconvenience in handling occurs. The apparent volume at the maximum floating time is measured as follows. That is, the powdered fluid is put into a closed container that allows the powdered fluid to permeate, and the container itself is vibrated or dropped to create a maximum floating state, and the apparent volume at that time is measured from the outside of the container. Specifically, in a container with a lid (trade name: iBoy: manufactured by ASONE Co., Ltd.) having a diameter (inner diameter) of 6 cm and a height of 10 cm, a powder fluid equivalent to 1/5 of the volume as a powder fluid when not floating. And set the container on a shaker, and shake at a distance of 6 cm at 3 reciprocations / sec for 3 hours. The apparent volume immediately after stopping shaking is the apparent volume at the maximum floating time.

Further, in the present invention, it is preferable that the change in the apparent volume of the powder fluid satisfies the following formula.
V ₁₀ / V ₅ > 0.8
Here, V ₅ represents an apparent volume (cm ³ ) 5 minutes after the maximum floating time, and V ₁₀ represents an apparent volume (cm ³ ) 10 minutes after the maximum floating time. In the image display device of the present invention, the apparent volumetric change V ₁₀ / V ₅ of the powder fluid is preferably larger than 0.85, and more preferably larger than 0.9. When V ₁₀ / V ₅ is 0.8 or less, it becomes the same as when ordinary so-called particles are used, and it becomes impossible to ensure the effect of high-speed response and durability as in the present invention.

  The average particle diameter (d (0.5)) of the particulate material constituting the powder fluid is preferably 0.1 to 20 μm, more preferably 0.5 to 15 μm, and particularly preferably 0.9 to 8 μm. If it is smaller than 0.1 μm, it is difficult to control the display, and if it is larger than 20 μm, it is possible to display but the concealment rate is lowered and it is difficult to make the device thin. The average particle diameter (d (0.5)) of the particulate material constituting the powder fluid is the same as d (0.5) in the next particle diameter distribution Span.

The particle substance constituting the powder fluid preferably has a particle size distribution Span represented by the following formula of less than 5, more preferably less than 3.
Particle size distribution Span = (d (0.9) -d (0.1)) / d (0.5)
Here, d (0.5) is a numerical value expressed in μm of the particle diameter that 50% of the particulate material constituting the powder fluid is larger than this and 50% is smaller than this, and d (0.1) is less than this. A numerical value in which the ratio of the particle substance constituting the powder fluid is 10%, expressed in μm, and d (0.9) is the particle diameter in which the particulate substance constituting the powder fluid is 90% μm It is a numerical value expressed by By setting the particle size distribution Span of the particulate material constituting the powder fluid to 5 or less, the sizes are uniform and uniform powder fluid movement becomes possible.

  The above particle size distribution and particle size can be obtained from a laser diffraction / scattering method or the like. When laser light is irradiated to the powder fluid to be measured, a light intensity distribution pattern of diffracted / scattered light is generated spatially, and this light intensity pattern has a corresponding relationship with the particle diameter, so the particle diameter and particle diameter distribution are measured. it can. This particle size and particle size distribution are obtained from a volume-based distribution. Specifically, using a Mastersizer2000 (Malvern Instruments Ltd.) measuring machine, the powdered fluid was introduced into the nitrogen stream, and the attached analysis software (software based on volume reference distribution using Mie theory) Measurements can be made.

  Preparation of powder fluid can be done by kneading and pulverizing the necessary resin, charge control agent, colorant, and other additives, or by polymerization from monomers, and adding existing particles to resin, charge control agent, colorant, and other It may be coated with an agent. Hereinafter, the resin, charge control agent, colorant, and other additives constituting the powder fluid will be exemplified.

  Examples of the resin include urethane resin, acrylic resin, polyester resin, urethane-modified acrylic resin, silicone resin, nylon resin, epoxy resin, styrene resin, butyral resin, vinylidene chloride resin, melamine resin, phenol resin, fluorine resin, etc. Two or more types can also be mixed. In particular, acrylic urethane resin, acrylic urethane silicone resin, acrylic urethane fluororesin, urethane resin, and fluororesin are preferable from the viewpoint of controlling the adhesive force with the substrate.

Examples of charge control agents include quaternary ammonium salt compounds, nigrosine dyes, triphenylmethane compounds, imidazole derivatives and the like in the case of imparting positive charges, and metal-containing azo compounds in the case of imparting negative charges. Examples thereof include dyes, salicylic acid metal complexes, and nitroimidazole derivatives.
Examples of the colorant include basic and acidic dyes such as nigrosine, methylene blue, quinoline yellow, and rose bengal.
Examples of inorganic additives include titanium oxide, zinc white, zinc sulfide, antimony oxide, calcium carbonate, lead white, talc, silica, calcium silicate, alumina white, cadmium yellow, cadmium red, cadmium orange, titanium yellow, Examples include bitumen, ultramarine blue, cobalt blue, cobalt green, cobalt violet, iron oxide, carbon black, manganese ferrite black, cobalt ferrite black, copper powder, and aluminum powder.

  However, even if such a material is kneaded and coated without any ingenuity, a powder fluid that shows an aerosol state cannot be produced. The production method of the powder fluid showing the aerosol state is not clear, but is exemplified as follows.

  First, it is appropriate to fix inorganic fine particles having an average particle diameter of 20 to 100 nm, preferably 20 to 80 nm, to the surface of the particulate material constituting the powder fluid. Furthermore, it is appropriate that the inorganic fine particles are treated with silicone oil. Here, examples of the inorganic fine particles include silicon dioxide (silica), zinc oxide, aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, cerium oxide, iron oxide, and copper oxide. The method of fixing the inorganic fine particles is important. For example, using a hybridizer (manufactured by Nara Machinery Co., Ltd.) or mechanofusion (manufactured by Hosokawa Micron Co., Ltd.) or the like, under certain limited conditions (for example, processing time) ), A powder fluid showing an aerosol state can be produced.

Here, in order to further improve the repeated durability, it is effective to manage the stability of the resin constituting the powder fluid, particularly the water absorption rate and the solvent insolubility rate. The water absorption rate of the resin constituting the powder fluid enclosed in the cells partitioned by the partition walls is preferably 3% by mass or less, particularly preferably 2% by mass or less. The water absorption is measured according to ASTM-D570, and the measurement condition is 23 ° C. for 24 hours. Regarding the solvent insolubility of the resin constituting the powder fluid, the solvent insolubility of the powder fluid represented by the following relational expression is preferably 50% or more, particularly 70% or more.
Solvent insolubility (%) = (B / A) × 100
(However, A represents the weight of the resin before dipping in the solvent, and B represents the weight after dipping the resin in a good solvent at 25 ° C. for 24 hours.)

  If this solvent insolubility is less than 50%, bleeding occurs on the surface of the particulate material that constitutes the powder fluid during long-term storage, which affects the adhesion with the powder fluid and hinders the movement of the powder fluid, resulting in improved image display durability. May cause problems. Note that the solvent (good solvent) for measuring the solvent insolubility is methyl ethyl ketone, etc. for fluororesins, methanol, etc. for polyamide resins, methyl ethyl ketone, toluene, etc. for acrylic urethane resins, acetone, isopropanol, etc. for melamine resins, silicone resins, etc. In this case, toluene or the like is preferable.

  Next, the particles as the image display medium used in the image display panel of the present invention will be described. The particles can contain a charge control agent, a colorant, an inorganic additive, and the like, if necessary, in the resin as the main component, as in the conventional case. Examples of resins, charge control agents, colorants, and other additives will be given below.

  Examples of the resin include urethane resin, urea resin, acrylic resin, polyester resin, acrylic urethane resin, acrylic urethane silicone resin, acrylic urethane fluororesin, acrylic fluororesin, silicone resin, acrylic silicone resin, epoxy resin, polystyrene resin, styrene Acrylic resin, polyolefin resin, butyral resin, vinylidene chloride resin, melamine resin, phenol resin, fluororesin, polycarbonate resin, polysulfone resin, polyether resin, polyamide resin and the like can be mentioned, and two or more kinds can be mixed. In particular, acrylic urethane resin, acrylic silicone resin, acrylic fluororesin, acrylic urethane silicone resin, acrylic urethane fluororesin, fluororesin, and silicone resin are suitable from the viewpoint of controlling the adhesive force with the substrate.

  The charge control agent is not particularly limited. Examples of the negative charge control agent include salicylic acid metal complexes, metal-containing azo dyes, metal-containing oil-soluble dyes (including metal ions and metal atoms), and quaternary ammonium salt systems. Examples thereof include compounds, calixarene compounds, boron-containing compounds (benzyl acid boron complexes), and nitroimidazole derivatives. Examples of the positive charge control agent include nigrosine dyes, triphenylmethane compounds, quaternary ammonium salt compounds, polyamine resins, imidazole derivatives, and the like. In addition, metal oxides such as ultrafine silica, ultrafine titanium oxide, ultrafine alumina, nitrogen-containing cyclic compounds such as pyridine and derivatives and salts thereof, various organic pigments, resins containing fluorine, chlorine, nitrogen, etc. are also charged. It can also be used as a control agent.

As the colorant, various organic or inorganic pigments and dyes as exemplified below can be used.
Examples of the black colorant include carbon black, copper oxide, manganese dioxide, aniline black, activated carbon and the like.
Examples of blue colorants include C.I. I. Pigment blue 15: 3, C.I. I. Pigment Blue 15, Bituminous Blue, Cobalt Blue, Alkaline Blue Lake, Victoria Blue Lake, Phthalocyanine Blue, Metal-free Phthalocyanine Blue, Phthalocyanine Blue Partial Chlorides, Fast Sky Blue, Indanthrene Blue BC and the like.
Examples of red colorants include bengara, cadmium red, red lead, mercury sulfide, cadmium, permanent red 4R, resol red, pyrazolone red, watching red, calcium salt, lake red D, brilliant carmine 6B, eosin lake, rhodamine lake B, Alizarin Lake, Brilliant Carmine 3B, C.I. I. Pigment Red 2 etc.

As yellow colorants, yellow lead, zinc yellow, cadmium yellow, yellow iron oxide, mineral first yellow, nickel titanium yellow, navel yellow, naphthol yellow S, Hansa Yellow G, Hansa Yellow 10G, Benzidine Yellow G, Benzidine Yellow GR, Quinoline Yellow Lake, Permanent Yellow NCG, Tartrazine Lake, C.I. I. Pigment Yellow 12 etc.
Examples of green colorants include chrome green, chromium oxide, pigment green B, C.I. I. Pigment Green 7, Malachite Green Lake, Final Yellow Green G, etc.
Examples of the orange colorant include red chrome yellow, molybdenum orange, permanent orange GTR, pyrazolone orange, Vulcan orange, indanthrene brilliant orange RK, benzidine orange G, indanthrene brilliant orange GK, C.I. I. Pigment Orange 31 etc.
Examples of purple colorants include manganese purple, first violet B, and methyl violet lake.
Examples of white colorants include zinc white, titanium oxide, antimony white, and zinc sulfide.

  Examples of extender pigments include barite powder, barium carbonate, clay, silica, white carbon, talc, and alumina white. Examples of various dyes such as basic, acidic, disperse, and direct dyes include nigrosine, methylene blue, rose bengal, quinoline yellow, and ultramarine blue.

Examples of inorganic additives include titanium oxide, zinc white, zinc sulfide, antimony oxide, calcium carbonate, lead white, talc, silica, calcium silicate, alumina white, cadmium yellow, cadmium red, cadmium orange, titanium yellow, Examples include bitumen, ultramarine blue, cobalt blue, cobalt green, cobalt violet, iron oxide, carbon black, manganese ferrite black, cobalt ferrite black, copper powder, and aluminum powder.
These pigments and inorganic additives can be used alone or in combination. Of these, carbon black is particularly preferable as the black pigment, and titanium oxide is preferable as the white pigment.

  The particles as the image display medium of the present invention have an average particle diameter d (0.5) in the range of 0.1 to 50 μm and are preferably uniform. If the average particle diameter d (0.5) is larger than this range, the display is not clear. If the average particle diameter d (0.5) is smaller than this range, the cohesive force between the particles becomes too large, which hinders the movement of the particles.

Furthermore, in the present invention, regarding the particle size distribution of each particle, the particle size distribution Span represented by the following formula is less than 5, preferably less than 3.
Span = (d (0.9) −d (0.1)) / d (0.5)
(However, d (0.5) is a numerical value expressing the particle diameter in μm that 50% of the particles are larger than this and 50% is smaller than this, and d (0.1) is a particle in which the ratio of the smaller particles is 10%. (Numerical value expressed in μm, and d (0.9) is a numerical value expressed in μm for a particle diameter of 90% or less.)
By keeping Span within a range of 5 or less, the size of each particle is uniform, and uniform particle movement becomes possible.

  Furthermore, regarding the correlation between the particles, the ratio of the d (0.5) of the particles having the minimum diameter to the d (0.5) of the particles having the maximum diameter among the used particles is set to 50 or less, preferably 10 or less. It is essential.

The particle size distribution and the particle size can be obtained from a laser diffraction / scattering method or the like. When laser light is irradiated onto particles to be measured, a light intensity distribution pattern of diffracted / scattered light is spatially generated, and this light intensity pattern has a corresponding relationship with the particle diameter, so that the particle diameter and particle diameter distribution can be measured. .
Here, the particle size and particle size distribution in the present invention are obtained from a volume-based distribution. Specifically, using a Mastersizer2000 (Malvern Instruments Ltd.) measuring instrument, put particles into a nitrogen stream and use the attached analysis software (software based on volume-based distribution using Mie theory). The diameter and particle size distribution can be measured.

  The charge amount of the image display medium naturally depends on the measurement conditions, but the charge amount of the particles constituting the image display medium in the image display panel is almost the initial charge amount, contact with the partition, contact with the substrate, elapsed time It was found that the saturation value of the charging behavior of the particles constituting the image display medium is a governing factor, depending on the charge decay associated with.

Furthermore, in the present invention, when a dry image display medium is used, it is important to manage the gas in the gap surrounding the image display medium between the substrates, which contributes to improved display stability. Specifically, it is important that the relative humidity at 25 ° C. is 60% RH or less, preferably 50% RH or less, more preferably 35% RH or less with respect to the humidity of the gas in the gap.
4A, 4B, 5A, and 5B, the space between the substrate 10 and the substrate 20 in the electrodes 50 and 60, the image display medium (particles). It refers to a gas portion in contact with a so-called image display medium excluding a group or powder fluid 30), a partition 40 (when a partition is provided), and a panel seal portion.
The gas in the gap is not limited as long as it is in the humidity region described above, but dry air, dry nitrogen, dry argon, dry helium, dry carbon dioxide, dry methane, and the like are preferable. This gas needs to be sealed in the panel so that the humidity is maintained. For example, the image display medium is filled and the panel is assembled in a predetermined humidity environment. It is important to apply a sealing material and a sealing method to prevent the above.

The distance between the substrates in the image display panel of the present invention is not limited as long as the image display medium can be moved and the contrast can be maintained, but is usually adjusted to 10 to 500 μm, preferably 10 to 200 μm.
The volume occupation ratio of the image display medium in the space between the opposing substrates is preferably 5 to 70%, more preferably 5 to 60%. If it exceeds 70%, the movement of the image display medium is hindered. If it is less than 5%, the contrast tends to be unclear.

  The image display panel of the present invention encloses an image display medium between two opposing substrates, at least one of which is transparent, applies an electric field to the image display medium, and moves the image display medium to display an image. Since it is configured as a reversible image display panel, it can be suitably used to display complicated information such as a musical score.

  FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram showing a simple matrix electrode that constitutes a part of the display panel and can be suitably used as an electrode for applying voltage to the white particles 30W and the black particles B. FIG. FIG. 6B is a perspective view conceptually showing the structure, and FIG. 6B is a wiring diagram conceptually showing its function.

  The simple matrix electrode 70 includes a pair of planar electrodes 70A and 70B arranged in parallel with the substrates 10 and 20, and the planar electrode 70A includes a plurality of conductive wires 71 parallel to each other. Similarly, the planar electrode 70B. Is composed of a plurality of conductive wires 72 parallel to each other, and the conductive wire 71 and the conductive wire 72 are directed in a direction intersecting each other, in the illustrated case, intersecting at 90 degrees.

  And by such a structure, when it sees from the direction orthogonal to planar electrode 70A, 70B, the part which the conducting wire 71 and the conducting wire 72 cross can be made into the pixel 73 which displays an image, and the high voltage side A pixel 73 formed by intersecting a conductive wire 71 to which a voltage of 1 is applied and a conductive wire 72 to which a voltage on the low voltage side is applied displays “black” among “black” and “white”. Then, the pixel 73 formed by intersecting the conducting wire 71 to which the low-voltage side voltage is applied and the conducting wire 72 to which the high-voltage side voltage is applied displays “white”. In addition, by individually controlling the voltages of the conducting wire 71 and the conducting wire 72, patterns corresponding to the total number of conducting wires can be displayed.

  The display unit control means 6 thus changes the electric field distribution by performing control to apply one of the binary voltages on the high voltage side and the low voltage side to each of the conducting wires 71 and 72, As a result, either “black” or “white” is displayed on each pixel, and a desired image can be formed as a whole.

  Here, when the display plate described above is left in the same image state for a long time, the image display media 30W and 30B are separated from the electrodes 50 and 60 or the substrates 10 and 20 even when a voltage is applied. In order to prevent the occurrence of this phenomenon, it is important not to display a contrasted image part for a long time, as described above. First, when a contrasted image is displayed without changing for a predetermined time or longer, the currently displayed black and white pattern can be reversed once to forcibly display an “inverted image”. Second, if the same screen is unavoidably displayed for a long period of time, for example, when the power is turned off, the image is left as a “solid image” that does not remain as an afterimage even if it is displayed for a long time. You It is required.

  For the purpose of preventing such an afterimage phenomenon, the display unit control means 6 controls the voltage applied to each of the conducting wires 71 and 72 of the simple matrix electrode 70 to change the electric field distribution, as will be described later. In addition, a process of displaying “inverted image” and “solid image” is performed, which will be described with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8. In the process of displaying the “reverse image”, the voltage applied to the conductors 71 and 72 is applied to all the conductors by applying the voltage on the opposite side of the high voltage side and the low voltage side to the currently applied side. In this process, the black and white of the current image displayed as shown in FIG. 7A is inverted to obtain an “inverted image” as shown in FIG. 7B, and a “solid image” is displayed. The process applies a voltage on one side to all the conducting wires 71 and applies a voltage on the other side to all the conducting wires 72 to make the electric field distribution uniform regardless of the pixels. Thus, the entire surface, black as shown in FIG. 8A, or the entire surface, white image as shown in FIG. 8B is obtained.

  FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing a part of the processing of the display unit control means 6. The display unit control means 6 has an interrupt monitoring function for checking the input from the input unit 4 and includes a timer for measuring the time from the last interruption, as shown in FIG. Referring to FIG. 4, processing of the display control unit 6 relating to the interrupt monitoring function will be described.

  The display unit control means 6 first performs processing for clearing the timer and setting the timer time T = 0 (step S0), and then starts interrupt monitoring (step S1). The presence or absence of an interrupt is checked every predetermined time ΔT (step S2). If there is no interrupt, a process of adding a timer time by ΔT is performed (step S7), and the timer time T after the addition is determined in advance. Whether or not the first set time T1 has been reached is checked (step S8), and if not, nothing is done and the interrupt monitoring (step S1) is repeated.

  If the timer time is equal to or longer than the first set time T1 in step S8, a process of displaying an alarm indicating that a reverse image will be displayed soon (step S9) is performed. At this time, it is checked whether or not the timer time T has reached a predetermined second set time T2 (step S10). If not, nothing is done and interrupt monitoring (step S1) is performed. Again, if the timer time is equal to or greater than the second set time T2, the current image information itself or an identification code for identifying the current image information, such as a page number, is temporarily stored in the memory 8 ( After performing step S11), a reversal process (step S12) for forming a reversal image is performed. After that, a process for displaying a black solid or white solid image (step 13) is performed, and then interrupt monitoring is performed (step S1). Return to the process to continue.

  On the other hand, if there is an interrupt in step S2, the timer is cleared to T = 0, and then processing based on an instruction from the input unit 4 (step S5), for example, the image is changed to the next page. When the command from the input unit 4 instructs to turn off the power, a process of turning off the power (step S24) is performed, but before that, the current image is processed. Processing for temporarily storing information itself or an identification code for identifying current image information in the memory 8 (step S21), reversal processing for forming a reversed image (step S22), and processing for displaying a black solid or white solid image (Step 13) is performed in this order.

  Here, although not shown in FIG. 9, when the command from the input unit 4 is a command for redrawing the last displayed image, the display unit control means 6 stores the command in the memory 8. The last image information displayed before performing the inversion process or the identification code for identifying the last image is read out, and the process for displaying the last image is performed.

  When displaying a solid image, a black (or white) solid image is displayed, and then a white (or black) solid image is once displayed, and then a cycle process of displaying the black (or white) solid image again is performed one or more times. Furthermore, processing conditions can be set as appropriate in accordance with the specifications of the display unit, such as changing the time interval for performing the cycle processing or changing the voltage applied in the cycle processing.

  The second set time T2 may be a time that is short enough not to leave an afterimage even if the same image is displayed. The first set time T1 is simply greater than the second set time T2. As long as it is short, these times can be appropriately set according to the purpose of use. For example, the second set time T2 can be set to 20 minutes or 1 hour. The time setting can be changed.

It is a perspective view which shows the electronic musical score display apparatus of embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the structure which concerns on control of an electronic musical score display apparatus. (A), (b) is a figure which shows an example of the image display board of this invention, respectively. (A), (b) is a figure which shows the other example of the image display board of this invention, respectively. It is a figure which shows an example of the shape of the partition in the image display panel of this invention. It is a conceptual diagram which shows a simple matrix electrode. It is a perspective view which shows the example of a reverse image. It is a perspective view which shows the example of a solid image. It is a flowchart which shows a part of process of a display part control apparatus.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Electronic musical score display apparatus 2 Display part 3 Housing | casing 4 Input part 5 Memory card insertion slot 6 Display part control means 7 Storage medium 8 Memory 9 Remote control 10, 20 Board | substrate 11 Feed mode selection button group 12 Page feed button 13 Step feed button 14 Continuous feed button 20 Substrate 21, 21A Screen feed button group 22 Page feed button 23 Page return button 24 Step return button 25 Step feed button 26, 26A Automatic feed start / stop button 27, 27A Chapter position movement switch 28, 28A Feed speed adjustment Switch 30 Image display medium (particle group or powder fluid)
30W white particles (white powder fluid)
30B Black particles (black powder fluid)
31 Power button 32 Automatic / manual / feed switching switch 33 Setting button 34 Button function switching button 40 Bulkhead 50, 60 Electrode 70 Simple matrix electrode 70A, 70B Planar electrode 71, 72 Conductor 73 Pixel

Claims (7)

  Based on information from the storage medium, a display unit for displaying an image representing a musical score is provided. This display unit uses a gas as a dispersion medium in a sealed space between two opposing substrates, at least one of which is transparent. An electronic musical score display device comprising a display board which encloses an image display medium and forms an image by moving the image display medium by applying an electric field to the image display medium.   An input unit that inputs a command for operating the display unit; and a display unit control unit that controls an image to be displayed on the display unit based on a command from the input unit; The information displayed on the display unit is controlled by changing the distribution of the electric field applied to the medium, and when there is no command from the input unit for a predetermined time, the electric field distribution is reversed and the electric field distribution is made uniform. The electronic musical score display apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the electronic score display apparatus is configured to perform a process to perform the process.   The display unit control means includes a memory unit, and when performing the process of inverting the electric field distribution, the display unit displays image information displayed immediately before the process of inverting or an identification code for identifying the image information. Based on an instruction from the input unit, the image information or the identification code is read from the memory unit, and is displayed to display the image information that was displayed immediately before the inversion process. The electronic musical score display apparatus according to claim 2.   When there is no command from the input unit, the display unit control means displays a notice to the effect that a reversal process is performed on the display unit before a time when the process of reversing the electric field distribution is performed. The electronic musical score display device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the electronic score display device is configured to perform the above. A simple matrix electrode for applying an electric field to the image display medium is disposed on the display plate. The simple matrix electrode includes a pair of planar electrodes disposed in parallel with the substrate, and the planar electrodes are parallel to each other. Consists of a plurality of conductors, the conductors of different planar electrodes are directed in the direction intersecting each other,
The electronic score display apparatus according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the display unit control means is configured to change the electric field distribution by binaryly controlling each voltage of the conducting wire.   The electronic score display apparatus according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the display unit control means is configured to perform a process of feeding and updating an image based on a command from the input unit.   The said display part control means is comprised so that the process which updates an image by feeding continuously or pitching at the speed based on the command from an input part can be performed. Electronic score display device.

Images