JP2006043758A - System for designing process and metallic mold - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a system which can simply and inexpensively design a process and a metallic mold. <P>SOLUTION: The system is used for process design and the metallic mold design in a plastic working. Regarding the plurality of cubic profile elements constituting designing objective product, profile element classifications and the basic dimensions, are input. Based on each profile element classification and each basic dimension, a volume of each profile element is calculated and also, from this result, the volume of the whole of product is calculated. Based on the calculated volume of the whole of product, and a designed blank diameter, the blank length is calculated. Based on the calculated volume of each profile element and the designed blank diameter, the blank height possessed in each profile element is calculated. Based on the blank diameter or the blank height and the basic dimensions, the working ratio in each profile element is calculated and it is determined whether this working is good or not. When workable, the process design is performed by obtaining the working method and the working ratio in order, and a process drawing and a metallic mold figure are outputted. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a process / die design system for facilitating metal plastic working process design and mold design mainly using a header or a part former.

  Conventionally, for example, screw parts such as bolts and nuts and other various parts are manufactured by using a machine tool called a header or a part former, and plastic working such as upsetting or drawing with a punch and a die is performed. . Therefore, based on the shape of the desired final product, materials, machines used, etc. are selected, process design is performed, and molds are manufactured.

  However, all of the conventional processes and mold designs have been done by the operator repeating complicated calculations by trial and error, or based on experience and intuition. Therefore, it is very time consuming, time consuming and expensive. In addition, since the manufacture of molds is usually outsourced to specialized manufacturers, know-how is not accumulated on the user side using the molds, and the information cannot be used.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and a main object of the present invention is to provide a system capable of easily designing processes and molds at low cost and effectively utilizing past design information. is there.

  In order to achieve the above object, a process / die design system of the present invention is a system used for plastic work process design and mold design, and (1) a plurality of three-dimensional elements constituting a design target product For each, a shape element input means for inputting a shape element type and a basic dimension for specifying the size of the shape element, and (2) each shape based on each input shape element type and each basic dimension The volume calculation means for calculating the volume of the element and the volume of the entire product from the result, and (3) the material for calculating the material length based on the calculated volume of the entire product and the specified material diameter A length calculating means; (4) calculating a material height occupied by each shape element based on the calculated volume of each shape element and the specified material diameter; Based on each (5) a process design means for determining a process rate by calculating a processing rate for each element and determining whether or not processing is possible; It is characterized by comprising drawing output means capable of outputting at least one of a process diagram showing a machining state and a mold diagram showing a mold used in each process.

  According to the present invention, a process and a mold can be designed easily and at low cost. If design information is registered, not only can design know-how be accumulated for each user, but also new designs can be made using past design information.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the process / die design system of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings. The system of the present embodiment is a system suitable for process design such as a screw material such as a bolt and mold design. Specifically, in the case where a predetermined length is cut out from a metal wire and plastic processing is performed by a header or a part former, the process design and mold design can be easily performed.

  The system of the present embodiment is configured by a personal computer in which a predetermined program is installed and operated by a user as a designer. In other words, in addition to a personal computer main body provided with storage means and control means (CPU), it is provided with input means such as a keyboard and a mouse, and output means such as a display, a printer, or a plotter. The storage means includes a memory and a hard disk, and stores predetermined programs and various data. The control means performs various calculations according to the program and controls other means. The input means is a device for inputting or selecting various data, and the output means is a device for outputting various data and drawings. In the system of the present embodiment, shape element input means, volume calculation means, material length calculation means, process design means, result output means, and the like are constructed by the program.

  The predetermined program is started on the personal computer, and the design work is started. The product to be designed is not particularly limited, but here, as shown in FIG. 1 (B), when designing a product in which a hemispherical head is integrally provided on the upper part of a round bar-shaped shaft part. Explained as an example. The shaft portion has a diameter of 18 mm and a length of 25 mm, and the head portion has a diameter of 30 mm and a height of 15 mm (see FIG. 10).

  In designing using the system of the present embodiment, the product to be designed is considered divided into some basic three-dimensional elements. As types of such shape elements, in the system of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, “cylindrical”, “conical frustum”, substantially hemispherical “missing sphere”, “hexagonal column”, “square column” , "Octagonal column", "two-sided cylinder" with two chamfers facing each other on the peripheral side of the cylinder, "one-sided cylinder" with one part on the peripheral side of the cylinder chamfered, round hole penetrating in the center A total of 12 types of "hollow cylinder" formed, "lower cylinder" with a circular hole opened only in the center, + shaped "plus groove", and-shaped "minus groove" are prepared. ing. And the input of the basic dimension for specifying the magnitude | size of each of these shapes is enabled. In the case of this embodiment, the diameter and height for a cylinder, the diameter and height of the top and bottom surfaces for a truncated cone, the diameter and height for a missing ball, the spacing and height for a hexagonal column, four Width and height for prisms, spacing and height for octagonal columns, diameter and spacing and height for two-way cylinders, diameter, width and height for one-sided cylinders, hollow cylinder In the case of, the inner and outer diameters and heights, and in the case of a hollow cylinder, the inner and outer diameters and heights and the depth of the holes can be input as basic dimensions. In addition, what solid is adopted as the shape element and which part of each shape element is used as a basic dimension can be appropriately changed.

  When the past design information is not used, the process starts with the basic design screen shown in FIG. This is because the design target product is divided into several basic shape elements as described above, and the shape element input means is used to select the type of each shape element and to input the basic dimensions of each shape element. It is.

  In the case of the product of FIG. 1 (B), since it is divided into a missing sphere and a cylinder from the top, the shape element and its basic dimensions may be designated in order from the top. For this purpose, first, the “call” button is clicked in FIG. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 2, it can carry out using a shape element input screen with another window. On this shape element input screen, the position of the shape element and its basic dimensions are displayed as an image, and a shape element selection field and a basic dimension input field are displayed. Therefore, a shape element can be selected by clicking with the mouse from the shape element selection field, and a basic dimension required for the shape element can be input from the keyboard to the basic dimension input field.

  In the case of the product shown in Fig. 1 (B), first select "Missing sphere" from the shape selection column, enter "30" as the diameter and "15" as the height in the basic dimension input column, and click the "OK" button. do it. Then, “Cylinder” is selected from the shape selection field, “18” is input as the diameter and “25” is input as the height in the basic dimension input field, and the “OK” button is clicked. When all the shape elements and their basic dimensions are input, the shape element input screen is closed.

When the shape elements of the product to be designed and the basic dimensions thereof are sequentially input in this way, the predetermined column of the basic design screen is displayed in a form filled as shown in FIG. Here, as element 1, the shape is “missing sphere”, the diameter (D1) is input as “30”, and the height (H) is input as “15”, and as element 2, the shape is “cylindrical” and the diameter (D1). Is input as “18” and the height (H) is “25”. At the same time, based on the input information, volume calculation is performed for each shape element by the volume calculation means, and these are added together to calculate and display the volume of the entire product. For example, since the volume of the missing sphere is a hemisphere in this example, it is obtained by ((4 * π * (D1 / 2) ³ ) / 3) / 2. In the example of element 1, 2 * π × 15 ³ / 3 is automatically calculated as “7068.583”, and the volume of the cylinder is obtained by π * (D1 / 2) ² * H. Therefore, in the example of element 2, it is automatically calculated as “6361.724” from π * 9 ² * 25. Furthermore, the total volume of these is automatically calculated as “13430.307” and displayed in the corresponding column.

  By the way, in this basic design screen, as shown in FIG. 3, the material diameter, material length, model, and material specification fields are also displayed. The model and material can be selected from those registered in advance from a pull-down list. Here, since the specific gravity (density) is determined once the material is determined, the weight can be automatically calculated from the product of the specific gravity and the volume. In other words, the weight of each shape element can be calculated based on the volume of each shape element and the specific gravity of the selected material, and the weight of the entire product can be calculated and displayed based on the volume of the entire product and the specific gravity of the selected material. be able to.

  When the material diameter (diameter of the wire material as the material) is designated on the basic design screen of FIG. 3, the material length (the cut length of the wire material as the material) is automatically calculated and displayed by the material length calculation means. Since the volume of the entire product has already been grasped by the above-described method, the necessary material length is calculated based on the volume and the designated material diameter. That is, the volume of the entire product may be divided by the cross-sectional area of the material determined by the material diameter. Here, for example, by specifying “18” as the material diameter, the material length “52.77” is automatically calculated and displayed. Further, the model may be automatically selected based on the material diameter.

  In this way, the material diameter is specified, the material length, the model, and the volume are determined, and the weight is automatically calculated by specifying the material. Furthermore, in the system of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the input result can be three-dimensionally confirmed as 3D. To do so, click the “3D” button in the upper menu of the basic input screen. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 4, the result input for every shape element can be seen in 3D as a connected state. It is also possible to rotate the displayed product in an arbitrary direction by operating the mouse on the screen.

  On this 3D screen, predetermined dimensions of the displayed product (basic dimensions of each shape element) are also displayed in a table format, and the numerical values can be changed on the spot. When the numerical value is changed, the result is automatically calculated and reflected on the 3D three-dimensional screen and the dimensions, volume and weight in the basic design screen. Furthermore, this dimensional change can be reflected in the entire work of a series of processes and mold designs. Therefore, it is easy to correct the dimensions. Note that the dimensional correction of a specific portion may be corrected to a shape in which only that portion is changed, but in this embodiment, the other portions are also modified to similar shapes in accordance with the dimensional correction. Yes. Parametric theory can be used to realize the above operations.

  Further, when the “process review” button is clicked in the basic design screen of FIG. 3, first, the process determination unit in the process design unit performs a process determination process as to whether or not the process is possible. As shown in FIG. The result is displayed on the screen.

For this purpose, first, the material height occupied by each shape element is automatically calculated based on the calculated volume of each shape element and the specified material diameter. Here, since the volume of the element 1 was 7068.583, the material height was calculated as “27.77” from 7068.583 / (π * 9 ² ), and the volume of the element 2 was 637.724. The material height is calculated as “25” from 631.724 / (π * 9 ² ) and displayed at a predetermined position.

  Next, the processing rate is calculated for each shape element using the material height and basic dimensions. In this embodiment, an upsetting ratio, an upsetting ratio, and a drawing ratio are employed as the imposed efficiency, and a desired processing rate is automatically calculated, and whether or not processing is possible is determined based on the result. Here, the upsetting ratio, the upsetting ratio, and the aperture ratio will be described with reference to FIG.

First, upsetting ratio s is defined by s = h / _{d 0.} In this embodiment, it is used as a guide when determining whether it is necessary to divide the number of processes from the limit of buckling. For example, in the case of mild steel (S10C to S18C), it is used for determining the number of steps, assuming that there is the following relationship. In the following formula, “2.25” is the upsetting ratio.

If h ≦ 2.25d _0, strike once
If 2.5d ₀ ≤ h ≤ 4.5d _0, strike twice
If it is 4.5d ₀ ≤ h ≤ 7.5d ₀ , strike three times. However, unless it is annealed in the middle, the limit is D ≤ 2.2d ₀ .

The upsetting rate ε _h (%) is defined by ε _h = (h−H) / h * 100 = (1− (d ₀ / D) ² ) * 100. Further, the drawing ratio (cross-sectional reduction rate) ε _a (%) is ε _a = (1− (d / d ₀ ) ² ) * 100 in the case of forward extrusion, and ε _a = (d in the case of backward extrusion. / D ₀ ) ² * 100. FIG. 7 shows the relationship between the basic processing method and the upsetting rate or the drawing rate. As illustrated in the lower part of the chart, an appropriate upsetting rate or drawing rate range is determined according to the material, and whether or not processing is possible is determined using this range.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, it is determined that the shape element 1 needs to be installed based on the shape change before and after the processing from the material to the product, and the upsetting ratio is 27.77 / 18 = It is calculated as 1.54, and the upsetting rate is calculated as (27.77-15) /27.77*100=45.98. Then, it is determined whether or not these results satisfy the processing rate for the selected material, and the result is displayed as “NG” or “OK” in the processing determination column. In the case of “NG”, recalculation is automatically performed if the material diameter or material is changed. Further, for the shape element 2, since the material diameter is used as it is in this embodiment, it is determined as unprocessed, and it is not necessary to calculate the processing rate.

  By the way, whether processing is possible can be determined based on the processing rate calculated in this way and the performance of the selected model. That is, since the number of processes that can be processed is determined by the number of dies and punches of the processing machine, and the number of processes is determined by the upsetting ratio, it can be determined whether or not the processing machine can process the product from the relationship between the two. Furthermore, the forging force can be calculated, and the calculation result can be compared with the output capability of the selected processing machine to determine whether or not processing is possible.

  Or conversely, by obtaining the upsetting ratio and the forging force, it is possible to automatically select a processing machine corresponding to the upsetting ratio and the forging force. In that case, for each processing machine, the number of dies and punches (or the number of processes that can be obtained from them) and the output capability are stored in correspondence with each other, and the number of processes based on the calculated upsetting ratio is calculated. The processing machine that satisfies the conditions is automatically selected from the forging force.

Note that the forging force will be described just in case. The forging force in the case of upsetting is obtained by P = F * K _f * (1 + ((μD) / (3H))). F is the cross-sectional area _{^{(πD 2/4), K}} f is the deformation resistance, mu is the coefficient of friction. Further, the forging force in the case of drawing is obtained by P = F * K _f * C * K. F is the cross-sectional area ^{_{(πd 0 2/4),}} K f is the deformation resistance, C is a constraint factor, K is the diaphragm angular coefficient.

  In this way, when the material diameter, material length, processing machine model, material, and number of processes are determined and it is determined that processing is possible, process design is performed next. This is performed by the process design means by clicking a “process design” button (not shown) on the basic design screen of FIG. Although it is desirable that the process design is automatically performed when the process design button is clicked, the manual design will be described first.

  In the case of manual design, when the process design button is clicked, the machining process screen shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 is displayed. At the bottom of this screen, select the element number you want to process (in the above example, if it is 1, the missing ball part, if it is 2, if it is a cylindrical part) and the processing type (please prepare for each of upsetting or drawing), select the processing type. In response to this, a numerical value is input as to how much processing is to be performed (for example, what percentage of the material diameter, diameter or angle after processing, etc.), and a correction value is designated as desired. Thereby, based on each shape before and after a process, a processing rate and a forging force are calculated, and when the process can be performed based on it, the process is employ | adopted.

  Then, as shown in FIGS. 8 to 10, the subsequent processes are designed in the same manner, and each process up to the final product is designed. For example, when manufacturing in order in the first step and the second step, first, assume the shape of the intermediate material after the set first step, and determine whether processing is possible from the shape and the material shape before processing If processing is possible, it is then possible to determine whether processing is possible from the set shape of the intermediate material after completion of the first step and the shape of the final product. When these process designs are automatically performed, the process type and the process level of each process are arbitrarily created by using past similar design data, etc., and the computer itself performs simulation to optimize the process. It will be.

  This embodiment is automated, and the machining process screens shown in FIGS. 8 to 10 are sequentially displayed as confirmation screens. That is, the screen is sequentially switched by clicking the “process registration” button, and when the button is clicked in the final process, the screen moves to the next screen in FIG.

  FIG. 11 is a process detail screen. In this embodiment, specific contents and drawings of each process and a perspective view of a completed state are displayed at the same time. That is, in the process table at the upper left of the screen, which shape element is processed by which processing method and how much is displayed in the processing order. Furthermore, a process diagram is displayed at the bottom of the screen, and a perspective view of the completed state is displayed at the upper right of the screen. If these contents are acceptable, the "return" button is clicked to return to the screen of FIG. 10, and if the "registration" button is clicked there, the design is completed and the screen shifts to the screen of FIG. In FIG. 12, when a “mold drawing” button is clicked, a mold design drawing is displayed and can be printed out.

  In this way, when the process design is completed, a process diagram showing the state of each process is created by a result output unit such as a drawing output unit, and a mold diagram used in each process is created and output based on the process diagram. can do. This output can be output to a printer or plotter in addition to the display. Further, it may be possible to output data for mold machining to a machine tool. In that case, a desired mold can be manufactured immediately.

  After the completion of such design work, the series of design data can be registered in the database. At the next and subsequent designs, the registered past data can be referred to and corrected for use.

  If the material diameter and material of the material possessed by the user are registered in advance, the material can be selected from them. Similarly, if the processing machine owned by the user and its performance are registered, the model can be selected from the processing machines.

  By the way, the system of the present embodiment connects to a server that performs process design and mold design processing from a terminal via a communication line, inputs various information from this terminal, and obtains the result on the terminal side. Can be. For example, it is configured so that a process and mold can be designed by connecting to a WEB server via the Internet from a personal computer equipped with a WWW browser and inputting the material diameter, shape element, size, etc. on the web page. May be. In that case, design information by each terminal may be registered in a database on the server side, and the information may be shared by a plurality of terminals if desired.

  Finally, input / output processing and design processing for realizing the design system of the present invention can be distributed on a medium such as a CD-ROM (a computer-readable recording medium recording a program for causing a computer to execute). Alternatively, the computer program for executing the processing can be transmitted and supplied to various terminals via a communication line (an information transmission medium for transmitting a computer-readable program to be executed by a computer).

It is a figure which shows the basic design screen of one Example of the process and metal mold | die design system of this invention. It is a figure which shows the state which took out the shape element input screen from the state of FIG. It is a figure which shows the basic design screen which finished inputting the shape element in the shape element input screen of FIG. It is a figure which shows the state which took out the 3D display screen from the basic design screen of FIG. It is a figure which shows the state which transferred to the process examination screen from the basic design screen of FIG. It is a figure for description of a processing rate. It is a figure which shows the relationship between a basic processing system and a processing rate. It is a figure which shows a process design screen. It is a figure which shows a process design screen, and is the next screen of FIG. It is a figure which shows a process design screen, and is the next screen of FIG. It is a figure which shows a process detail screen. It is a figure which shows the screen for metal mold | die drawing output.

Claims (10)

A system used for process design and mold design of plastic working,
For each of a plurality of three-dimensional shape elements constituting the design target product, a shape element input means for inputting a shape element type and a basic dimension for specifying the size of the shape element;
Based on each input shape element type and its respective basic dimensions, the volume calculation means for calculating the volume of each shape element and calculating the volume of the entire product from the result,
A material length calculating means for calculating a material length based on the calculated volume of the entire product and a specified material diameter;
Calculate the material height occupied by each shape element based on the calculated volume of each shape element and the specified material diameter, and process each shape element based on the material diameter or material height and the basic dimensions. A process design means for calculating a rate and determining whether or not machining is possible.
A process / mold comprising: a process drawing showing a machining state in each designed process; and a drawing output means capable of outputting at least one of a mold drawing showing a mold used in each process. Design system. The material can be specified, and based on the specific gravity of the specified material and the volume calculated by the volume calculation means, at least the weight of the entire product can be calculated and output. The process / mold design system according to claim 1. The process design means is capable of simulating a process design by changing any of the material diameter, the processing method, and the product dimensions in an intermediate process and recalculating the processing rate. The process / die design system according to claim 1 or 2. 3D display of the product on the display is possible, and by specifying the dimensions of the part you want to change, the entire product is modified to a similar shape and can be displayed,
The process / die design system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein at least the volume calculation and the material length calculation are performed based on the correction result. For multiple processing machines, the number of dies and punches, the number of processes that can be obtained from them, and the output capability are stored for each model.
The process design means calculates the number of processes using the processing rate, calculates a forging force, and automatically selects a processing machine based on the calculation result and the stored data. Item 5. The process / mold design system according to any one of Items 4 to 4. It is possible to select the type of processing machine,
Based on the output capability of the selected model, whether or not machining by that model is determined,
The process / die design system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the process is designed based on the number of processes that can be obtained by the number of dies and punches of the selected model. 7. The process / mold according to claim 1, wherein in addition to the process diagram or the mold diagram, data for mold machining can be output to a machine tool. Design system. The process / mold according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a material possessed by a user is registered, and a material diameter is specified by selecting one of the registered materials. Design system. The design information can be registered after completion of the process / mold design, and a new design can be made by reading out and modifying the design information made in the past. The process / die design system described in any of the above.   The process / mold design according to any one of claims 1 to 9, for causing a computer to function as at least the shape element input means, the volume calculation means, the material length calculation means, and the process design means. A program for the system.

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