JP2006037311A - Wear having decreased fluid resistance added small protrusion arranged on textile material surface - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a wear such as a swimming suit enabling blockage or control and suppression of occurrence of turbulent flow with minute protrusions of micron unit so as to decease fluid resistance. <P>SOLUTION: This wear such as a swimming suit made of a textile material with stretchability has such a structure that many minute protrusions of micron unit always contact with each other on a point and/or a line and/or a surface on nearly the whole surface or the wide area of the wear. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a swimsuit or other fluid resistance-reducing garment that can suppress the occurrence of turbulent flow due to protrusions of water or air.

On the surface of an object in a fluid such as air or water, there is a layer to which the fluid adheres due to the viscosity of the fluid, and this layer cannot be adhered to the end along the surface of the object. Because it always peels at a certain position from the surface of the object (peeling point position), as a result, a low pressure part (low pressure part) is generated in the shadowed part of the object downstream, and the fluid flows toward this low pressure part. It has long been known that a turbulent flow (large turbulent vortex) with a vortex that becomes a vortex and gradually increases as a result is generated backward. 8a and 8b schematically show the theory, where R is a region of a turbulent vortex opposite to the thrust, l, l... Are low pressure portions, P is a separation point, and Z is a boundary layer, and is generated between the region R of the turbulent vortex and the laminar flow Q located outside thereof.
Since this large turbulent vortex appears as a vortex in the direction opposite to the propulsion direction, an object in the fluid, for example, the human body, is pulled backward to generate a force that goes against the thrust. For example, in the recent high-level swimming events that compete for, for example, 0.01 seconds, this is a very big problem.

  Therefore, the separation point is moved backward (actively providing a projection on the object surface, the separation point position when the projection is not present is moved backward from the position of 80 ° to 110 ° to 130 °, FIG. 9a. The technique for aiming at low resistance in FIG. 9b) is a known technique that has been adopted from the past.

  In Patent Document 1, the pressure increases in the expanded part such as the chest, back, and buttocks with respect to the flow of water during swimming, the pressure decreases along the bulge, and the pressure increases when the top of the bulge is exceeded. At this time, attention is paid to the fact that the water flow along the surface of the swimsuit is separated and a vortex flowing backward to the back of the inflating portion is generated and becomes a resistance.

That is, in the swimsuit of Patent Document 1, a plurality of independent protrusions are provided on the surface of the base material in one or more parts of the chest, abdomen, scapula, and buttocks. Are arranged in a staggered pattern in the body length direction, or the protrusions arranged in a staggered pattern in the body length direction are separated by a gap extending in the body length direction. The interval between the projections constituting the projection group is 3 to 10 mm, and the width of the gap provided between the projection group and the projection group is 10 to 20 mm. The height is preferably 0.5 to 2.5 mm.
Japanese Patent No. 3537933 Patent Gazette

  However, in the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, the subject of the invention is an extremely partial improvement in which the shape resistance of the bulging parts such as the chest, abdomen, scapula, and buttocks in the swimsuit is reduced, which is worn by swimmers in swimming competitions. No consideration is given to the fluid resistance at which the entire swimsuit is affected in the fluid.

  In other words, the shape of swimsuits is increasing in the area ratio covering the body, such as spats, wetsuits without sleeves, wetsuits with sleeves, and the direction of controlling the fluid resistance value in water on the swimsuit surface. The current situation is to update the competition records that compete for 1 / 100th of a second.

  Therefore, in order to eagerly renew the competition record, as in Patent Document 1, it is actually not sufficient to provide protrusions on the surface of the swimsuit limited to a specific part of the swimsuit. It is necessary to provide a swimsuit having a fluid resistance reducing structure over the entire swimsuit such as a wet suit type.

  In addition, as in Patent Document 1, providing a protrusion on the surface of a swimsuit limited to a specific part of the swimsuit means that the movement of the swimmer in the water is completely different depending on the swimming event, and for example, the same event. However, since the movement itself is not necessarily the same for each person, it is never theoretically possible to sufficiently control the turbulence by moving the separation point.

  And the protrusion provided limited to the specific part of the swimsuit has a protrusion height of 0.5 to 2.5 mm, a distance between the protrusions constituting the protrusion group of 3 to 10 mm, and is provided between the protrusion group and the protrusion group. When the gap width is 10 mm to 20 mm, the turbulent vortex is not as small as expected, and a large effect is not obtained. However, it had a negative image in terms of design.

  Thus, the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, but the present invention will be described in order below.

  The present invention makes it possible to realize a fluid resistance-reducing garment that appears as a swimsuit or the like that can produce an extremely epoch-making effect that can suppress the generation of turbulence caused by the presence of protrusions or dots.

As a configuration for that,
A structure in which a large number of minute protrusions are always in point contact and / or line contact and / or surface contact over substantially the entire surface of a garment such as a swimsuit made of a stretchable fiber fabric material or over a wide range. This is a fluid resistance-reducing garment in which small protrusions are arranged on the surface of the fabric material.
In addition, a structure in which a large number of minute protrusions do not perform point contact, line contact or surface contact over almost the entire surface of clothing such as swimwear made of stretchable fiber fabric material or over a wide range. , Also features.
In addition, it is also characterized in that the minute protrusion-like structure is formed only at a position corresponding to a predetermined part such as a chest on a clothing surface such as a swimsuit.

  In addition, the present invention is characterized in that a large number of minute protrusions are formed at random over substantially the entire surface of a garment such as a swimsuit made of a fiber fabric material having elasticity.

Furthermore, a projecting structure consisting of a large number of unit small projecting groups is formed at random over substantially the entire surface of a garment such as a swimsuit made of a stretchable fiber fabric material or over a wide range, Similarly, the unit small protrusion group is composed of a plurality of minute protrusions arranged at random, and a fluid resistance-reducing garment having small protrusions arranged on the surface of the fabric material is provided.
In addition, it can be said that the unit small protrusion group has a diamond shape or an elliptical shape that is elongated or vertically elongated in the body length direction.

  The height of the micro protrusions is in the range of 5 microns to 100 microns, and / or the width is in the range of 5 microns to 100 microns, and / or the length or depth is in the range of 5 microns to 100 microns, The height of the unit small protrusion group is 5 microns to 200 microns, and / or the width is 0.5 mm to 3.0 mm, and / or the length or depth is 3 mm to 10 mm. It is also a preferable structure that the number of minute protrusions constituting the shape group is within a range of approximately 5 to 50 each.

  Further, the minute protrusions and / or the unit small protrusions are fixedly disposed on the clothing surface via a binder, or directly adhered to the clothing surface without a binder. It is also preferable that the fixing and disposing means is an appropriate means such as printing, adhesion, sticking or welding.

  Further, the height and / or width and / or length or depth of the minute protrusion and / or unit small protrusion group is not uniform, instead of the minute protrusion and / or unit small protrusion group. It is also possible to make the unit small concave group and / or micro concave.

  Furthermore, it is also preferable that the ratio of the large number of minute protrusions or unit small protrusions to the entire clothing surface is in the range of 10% to 100%.

The result of the fluid resistance reduction according to the present invention is remarkably about minus 13.13% as compared with the conventional resistance-reducing swimsuit as shown in Table 1, mainly due to the presence of the low-pressure portion behind the minute protrusion. For example, in a swimming event competing for 1 / 100th of a second, it is clear that it is embodied as a very large result.
It should be noted that the stretch degree of the fabric is improved as compared to the conventional case where, for example, relatively large silicon resin protrusions or dots are disposed because the protruding fabric contact surface is extremely small. Keep it.
Furthermore, according to the present invention, it is also a great effect that a clothes with a perfectly smooth image can be realized even if it is visually observed or touched, and there is no unevenness or roughness on the surface of the clothes. It can be said.
Further, since the minute protrusions and / or the unit small protrusion groups may be arranged randomly, for example, along the body length direction and do not need a certain order, the arrangement of the minute protrusions and unit small protrusion groups may be different. This also has a design effect, such as revealing stylized pictures and characters on the front.

As the best mode for carrying out the present invention,
A structure in which a large number of minute protrusions are always in point contact and / or line contact and / or surface contact over substantially the entire surface of a garment such as a swimsuit made of a stretchable fiber fabric material or over a wide range. This is a fluid resistance-reducing garment in which small protrusions are arranged on the surface of the dough material.
In addition, a structure in which a large number of minute protrusions do not perform point contact, line contact or surface contact over almost the entire surface of clothing such as swimwear made of stretchable fiber fabric material or over a wide range. Also features.
In addition, the micro protruding structure is also characterized in that it is formed only at a position corresponding to a predetermined part such as a chest on a clothing surface such as a swimsuit.

  Another feature is that a large number of minute protrusions are formed at random over substantially the entire surface of a garment such as a swimsuit made of a stretchable fiber fabric material or over a wide range.

Furthermore, a projecting structure consisting of a large number of unit small projecting groups is formed at random over substantially the entire surface of a garment such as a swimsuit made of a stretchable fiber fabric material or over a wide range, The unit small protrusion group is a fluid resistance-reducing garment in which small protrusions are arranged on the surface of the cloth material, which is composed of a plurality of minute protrusions arranged at random.
In addition, it can also be said that the unit small protrusion group has a shape that is elongated in the body length direction or in the shape of a vertically long shape, or has an elliptical shape or a rhombus shape.

  The height of the micro protrusions is in the range of 5 microns to 100 microns, and / or the width is in the range of 5 microns to 100 microns, and / or the length or depth is in the range of 5 microns to 100 microns, The height of the unit small protrusion group is 5 microns to 200 microns, and / or the width is 0.5 mm to 3.0 mm, and / or the length or depth is 3 mm to 10 mm. It is also a preferable aspect that the number of minute protrusions constituting the shape group is in the range of approximately 5 to 50.

  Further, the minute protrusions and / or the unit small protrusions are fixedly disposed on the clothing surface via a binder, or directly adhered to the clothing surface without a binder, and It is also preferable that the fixing and disposing means is an appropriate means such as printing, adhesion, sticking or welding.

  Furthermore, the height and / or width and / or length or depth of the minute protrusions and / or unit small protrusions are not made uniform, and the minute protrusions and / or unit small protrusions are replaced. It is also possible to form unit small concave groups and / or micro concave shapes.

  Furthermore, it is also preferable that the ratio of the large number of minute protrusions or unit small protrusions to the entire clothing surface is in the range of 10% to 100%.

Next, some explanations or definitions of terms and the like in the present specification are described below.
[clothes]
In the present invention, clothing refers to general clothing made of a synthetic fiber material having sufficient elasticity such as a swimsuit having resistance to air or water, that is, a fluid, or a skate suit or a bicycle suit. In general, it consists of knitted fabrics such as polyamide, polyester, polypropylene and other synthetic fiber multifilaments and polyurethane elastic knitting, but typically as a swimsuit for polyester and polyurethane knitted fabrics. appear.

[Small protrusions and unit protrusions]
The microprotrusion of the present invention is a sphere having a width of 5 microns to 100 microns and / or a height of 5 microns to 100 microns, a conical shape, etc. Furthermore, the term “spherical”, box shape, trapezoidal shape, etc. having a length or depth of 5 to 100 microns, and other projections in units of very small micron having various shapes similar to these are widely used. The unit small protrusion group means a unit group in which the minute protrusions are arranged at random without requiring a predetermined order. The unit small protrusion group has a height of about 5 microns to 200 microns. It has a unit of micron and / or width of 0.5 mm to 3.0 mm and / or length to depth of 3 mm to 10 mm, and may have any shape. For example, it is elongated in the body length direction. Or, it may have a substantially elongated diamond shape, elliptical shape, or rhombus shape.

[Microprojection structure]
Typically, it refers to a structure in which the minute protrusions are always in point contact and / or line contact and / or surface contact, but there is also a structure in which the minute protrusions have extremely small gaps. Including.
In addition, when saying that a microprotrusion shape is formed at random (Claim 4), the predetermined order is not required at all as in the case described above, and it is arranged over a wide range over the entire clothing surface.

[Reduced resistance]
As shown in FIG. 7, in the case of a relatively large dot D such as a height and width having a conventional millimeter unit, a large turbulent flow is generated, and a large reverse vortex is also generated. This turbulent layer L gradually increases toward the rear. Then, it is further amplified by being combined with another large turbulent flow caused by the presence of the dot D itself that collides with the next large dot D and a large reverse vortex. It is enlarged and becomes a large resistance (FIG. 7a-plan view, FIG. 7b-sectional view). On the other hand, if the micro dot d of the present invention is adopted, as shown in the figure, the turbulence generation itself is extremely small in the first place, and the reverse vortex is also extremely small. The turbulent layer L itself is very narrow (FIG. 7c, plan view) and thin (FIGS. 7d, 7e, cross-sectional view), and is located next (is in contact—FIG. 7e, very close to the view). 7d) Since the minute dot d is also extremely small (both height and width), the generated reverse vortex is not greatly amplified and expanded at all, and this state is repeated until the end. The result is only a continuous narrow and thin turbulent layer L.

  That is, before the amplification, since there is no or very small distance from the next minute dot d, the next minute dot d is immediately collided before the vortex becomes larger, and thus amplified. There is no room.

  In other words, the turbulent flow layer L appears on the surface of the minute protrusions or small dots d, d... By arranging a large number of minute protrusions or dots d, d. , A boundary layer Z is generated between the turbulent layer L and the laminar flow Q located outside the turbulent layer L, and the boundary layer Z exists between the fluid and the body, so that the frictional resistance is reduced and the resistance is reduced. , And can be theorized.

[Small protruding material]
There are no particular restrictions on the type of minute protrusions, such as ceramics such as so-called beads, non-metallic insulators such as glass and plastic, elastic synthetic resins such as silicon rubber, and metals such as aluminum and titanium.
In addition, when selecting a metal, in order to avoid that it may cause a skin disorder, it is selected as needed to arrange | position synthetic resin etc. as a binder, but it is not necessarily conditions.
Also, if it appears as a dense micro-protruding structure (when it is always in contact or has only a very small gap), it can be said that a lighter material is preferable, but it is not always necessary is not.

[Microscopic projections and depressions]
From the characteristic point of view of the present invention that the turbulent vortex behind the object shape in the fluid is suppressed and controlled due to the minute shape, the minute protrusion does not necessarily have a convex shape, and conversely, has a concave shape. However, since it can theoretically be identified that the turbulent flow is reduced, the minute protrusion can be changed to a concave shape as needed.
The concave shape can be freely formed by conventional embossing or the like from the prior art.
Moreover, it is also possible to form the fine convex shape and the concave shape mixed on one garment surface.

[Adhesion placement method]
The minute protrusions may be fixed to the surface of the clothes by appropriate means such as printing, sticking, and adhesion by a conventional construction method, and which method is used can be appropriately selected depending on the minute protrusions and the like.
For example, in the case of beads, as in the examples described below, a synthetic resin, such as an acrylic or urethane resin, is used as a binder, and in the case of synthetic resins such as silicon, the surface of the clothes is directly bonded without using a binder. Any appropriate means may be selected and adopted as long as they are firmly fixed to each other.

[Description of table]
The table shows detailed experimental data that markedly show a significant reduction in resistance with the present invention.

1a and 1b show a first embodiment of the present invention, in which a large number of minute protrusions A, A... Are fixed so as to completely cover substantially the entire surface of the swimsuit S (FIG. 1a). -Partially enlarged schematic plan view, FIG. 1 b-Partially enlarged schematic sectional view).
In this example, the minute protrusions A, A... Are bead materials and have a substantially spherical shape, and there are no gaps between the minute protrusions A, A. It is in a very dense state where the line contact and / or the surface contact occur.

In this example, the fine protrusions A, A... Are all fixed to the surface of the swimsuit S with an acrylic resin as a binder B.
In this example, as described above, a large number of minute protrusions A, A... Completely cover the entire surface of the swimsuit S, but the minute protrusions A, A. Since it is a bead material, there is no feeling of weight and it does not become a burden for a wearer.
Further, the diameter of the minute protrusions A, A... Is approximately 10 microns.

2a and 2b show a second embodiment of the present invention. In this example, a large number of minute protrusions A, A,... In other words, A, A... Are covered with each other without any point contact, line contact, or surface contact.
2a is a partially enlarged schematic plan view, and FIG. 2b is a schematic sectional view thereof.

The material of the minute protrusions A, A... Is a silicon resin and has a substantially conical shape.
FIG. 2c is an enlarged schematic diagram showing the state of the height h and the width (diameter) w of any one minute protrusion A, where h is 20 microns and w is 25 microns.
Note that the gap G between the minute protrusions A, A... Is in the range of 5 to 10 microns.
In this example, unlike the first example, the bottom surfaces of the micro-projections A, A... Are directly and firmly bonded directly to the surface of the swimsuit S without using a binder.

  FIG. 3 shows a third embodiment of the present invention. In this example, the micro-projection structure having the mode shown in the previous two embodiments is replaced with a chest-corresponding portion of a female swimsuit. Only, it is fixedly arranged by the printing technique of the conventional technology.

  In this example, printing is carried out by coating with an acrylic resin as a binder and using a hand screen material.

FIG. 4 shows a fourth embodiment of the present invention. In FIGS. 4a, 4b, and 4c, minute protrusions A, A,... Are arranged at random over the entire swimsuit surface. State.
In this example, the minute protrusions A, A... Have a substantially trapezoidal shape (FIG. 4 c), and as shown in FIG. 4 a, the intervals between the minute protrusions A, A. Is not so dense or narrow, and it can be understood that A, A... Are widely scattered throughout the swimsuit.

In this example, the ratio of A, A... To the entire swimsuit is 30%.
Further, one height h of A, A... Is 10 microns, a width w is 15 microns, a depth d is 20 microns, and each bottom is firmly bonded to the surface of the swimsuit S. Yes.

  5a, 5b, 5c, and 5d show a fifth embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 1a is a schematic plan view showing a random arrangement of unit small protrusions (binder B). FIG. 5b is a partially enlarged schematic view of a unit small protrusion group, FIG. 5c is a schematic enlarged view of one of the unit small protrusion groups, and FIG. 5d is an enlarged schematic view of the same. .

  In Example 5, 10 beads each having a fine protrusion A, A... (Fine substantially spherical shape) having a diameter of approximately 20 microns are disposed on the entire surface of the swimsuit S via the urethane-based synthetic resin binder B. Consistingly arranged by printing, randomly arranged in the body length direction, approximately diamond or elliptical unit small protrusions X, X... (Width w2 mm, length to depth d1.5 mm, height h40 microns) Are randomly arranged as shown in FIG. 5a.

That is, the minute protrusions A, A... Are arranged at random, and the unit small protrusions X, X.
Thus, in a macroscopic manner, the structure is a projecting structure composed of a large number of unit projecting groups X, X... Over the entire surface or a wide range of the swimsuit S made of stretchable fiber fabric material. Are formed at random, and the unit small protrusion group X, X... Includes a plurality of small protrusions A, A. The explanation is expanded.

  FIG. 5b is a schematic view showing a state in which any one part of the unit small protrusion groups X, X... Is enlarged in cross section, and is exaggerated for convenience of explanation. In FIG. 5b, S indicates a part of the swimsuit, and on the surface of the swimsuit S, unit small protrusion groups X, X... Formed through the binder B are arranged.

FIG. 5 c is a schematic diagram in which any one of the unit small protrusion groups X, X.
FIG. 5d is a stylized view in which any one of the unit small protrusion groups X, X.
Thus, in FIG. 5c and FIG. 5d, the unit protrusion-shaped group X means a spherical shape, a conical shape, or the like having a width of 5 to 100 microns and / or a height of 5 to 100 microns, or a length. Or a unit group of a random arrangement in which minute projections A having a numerical value similar to these and any shape are randomly arranged, and a box shape having a depth d of 5 microns to 100 microns, a trapezoidal shape, and the like. The unit protrusion-like group has a body length of about a height h of 5 microns to 200 microns and / or a width w of 0.5 mm to 3.0 mm and / or a length or depth d of about 3 mm to 10 mm. It has an elongated diamond shape, an elliptical shape, or a rhombus shape in the direction.

  In addition, printing is generally performed by using a roller material, an auto screen material, a hand screen material, or the like, in which acrylic or urethane is appropriately used as a binder B, which has been widely used. It is selected and adopted as appropriate from among the following methods.

  As a result of the construction, the generation of turbulent vortices caused by the presence of a plurality of minute protrusions A, A,... Forming unit small protrusion groups X, X. As a result, the fluid resistance was greatly reduced.

6a and 6b show a sixth embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 6a is a schematic plan view showing an arrangement of unit small protrusion groups (without a binder), and FIG. 6b is a unit small protrusion. It is a partial cross section expansion style figure of a group.
A silicon resin having a microprojection A, A... (A microconical shape) having a width of about 10 microns and a height of about 20 microns is randomly applied directly to the entire surface of the swimsuit S. The unit small protrusion groups X, X,... Exhibiting an arbitrary shape that is attached and disposed (unlike Example 5) are randomly distributed over substantially the entire surface of the swimsuit without using a binder as shown in FIG. 6a. Formed. That is, a big difference between the present embodiment and the fifth embodiment is that the unit small protrusion group X, X... Does not exhibit a specific shape.
It should be noted that the outer peripheral dotted line in the figure merely shows an image of the unit small protrusion group X, X... Exhibiting an arbitrary shape for convenience of explanation, and is not visually observed in practice. .

  FIG. 6B is a partially enlarged cross-sectional schematic diagram exaggerated for explanation as in the fifth embodiment. As a result of this construction, the generation of turbulent vortices caused by the presence of a plurality of minute protrusions A, A... Forming the unit small protrusion groups X, X. As a result, the fluid resistance was greatly reduced.

Thus, as shown in the table, the result of the fluid resistance reduction according to the present invention is about minus 5 as compared to the conventional resistance-reducing swimsuit (locally arranged with large dots in millimeters). It is remarkably expressed as around 7%, and it is embodied as a very large result in, for example, a swimming event competing for 1 / 100th of a second.
In addition, since the fabric contact surface of protrusions or dots is extremely small, the fabric expansion / contraction degree is improved as compared with a conventional case where, for example, relatively large silicon dots are provided.
Therefore, according to the present invention, even if it is visually observed or touched, there is no unevenness or roughness on the surface of the garment, and even if a garment with a perfectly smooth image is realized, it is used for design. In addition to expanding the range, it is possible to reveal a large pattern on the surface depending on the random arrangement, so the applicability is even greater. Accordingly, a fluid resistance-reducing garment in which a microprojection or microprojection structure or unit small projection group is disposed on the surface of the fabric material is a swimsuit having resistance against air or water, that is, a skate suit, a bicycle suit, etc. As a result, it can be widely applied to competition wear, and the possibilities of original industrial use are further expanded. It is extremely useful and can easily be expanded in the future.

In the first embodiment of the present invention, it is a partially planar enlarged schematic view of a minute protrusion. In the first embodiment of the present invention, it is a partial cross-sectional enlarged schematic view of a minute protrusion. In the second embodiment of the present invention, it is a partially planar enlarged schematic view of a minute protrusion. In the second embodiment of the present invention, FIG. In the second embodiment of the present invention, it is a cross-sectional enlarged schematic view of any one of the small protrusions. The 3rd Example of this invention is shown, and the state which formed the micro protruding structure only in the chest is shown. In the fourth embodiment of the present invention, it is a partially planar enlarged schematic view of a minute protrusion. In the fourth embodiment of the present invention, it is a partial cross-sectional enlarged schematic view of a minute protrusion. In the fourth embodiment of the present invention, it is a partially perspective enlarged schematic view of a minute protrusion. It is a plane schematic diagram which shows the random arrangement | sequence of the unit small protrusion group (via a binder) in 5th Example of this invention. It is a partial cross section enlarged schematic diagram of a unit small protrusion group in the 5th example of the present invention. It is one plane expansion schematic diagram of the unit small protrusion group in the 5th Example of this invention. It is a cross-sectional enlarged schematic diagram of one unit small protrusion group in the 5th Example of this invention. It is a plane schematic diagram which shows the random arrangement | sequence of the unit small protrusion group (without a binder) in the 6th Example of this invention. It is a partial cross section enlarged schematic diagram of a unit small protrusion group in the 6th example of the present invention. It is a plane schematic diagram which shows the mechanism of the turbulent vortex in the case of the conventional dot (large). It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows the mechanism of the turbulent vortex in the case of the conventional dot (large). It is a plane schematic diagram which shows the mechanism of the turbulent vortex in the case of this invention dot (micro). It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows the mechanism of the turbulent vortex in the case of this invention dot (micro). It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows the mechanism of the turbulent vortex in the case of this invention dot (very small). It is a plane schematic diagram which shows the mechanism of a turbulent vortex. It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows the mechanism of a turbulent vortex. It is a schematic diagram which shows the state of the peeling point when there is no protrusion. It is a schematic diagram which shows the state at the time of providing a protrusion and shifting a peeling point back.

Explanation of symbols

S Swimsuit D Dot or protrusion (large)
d, d ... dots or protrusions (micro)
A, A ... Minute projection B Binder G, G ... Gap Y Minute projection structure X Unit small projection group L Turbulent layer Q Laminar flow Z Boundary layer R Turbulent vortex area P Separation point l Low pressure Part h Height w Width d Depth or length

Claims (15)

As a structure in which a large number of minute protrusions are always in point contact and / or line contact and / or surface contact over almost the entire surface of clothing such as swimwear made of stretchable fiber fabric material or over a wide range. That formed,
A fluid resistance-reducing garment in which small protrusions are arranged on the surface of the fabric material. A structure in which a large number of minute protrusions do not make any point contact, line contact or surface contact over almost the entire surface of a clothing such as a swimsuit made of a stretchable fiber fabric material or over a wide range. ,
A fluid resistance-reducing garment in which small protrusions are arranged on the surface of the fabric material. The micro-projection structure is formed only on a position corresponding to a predetermined part such as a chest on a clothing surface such as a swimsuit,
A fluid resistance-reducing garment in which a small protrusion is arranged on the surface of the fabric material according to claim 1 or 2. A large number of minute protrusions randomly formed over substantially the entire surface of a garment such as a swimsuit made of a stretchable fiber fabric material, or over a wide area;
A fluid resistance-reducing garment in which small protrusions are arranged on the surface of the fabric material. A protrusion-like structure consisting of a large number of unit protrusions is randomly formed over substantially the entire surface of a clothing such as a swimsuit made of a stretchable fiber fabric material or over a wide area. The group is composed of a plurality of minute protrusions arranged at random,
A fluid resistance-reducing garment in which small protrusions are arranged on the surface of the fabric material. The unit small protrusion group has an elongated diamond shape or a long diamond shape, an elliptical shape or a rhombus shape,
6. A fluid resistance-reducing garment in which small protrusions are arranged on the surface of the fabric material according to claim 5. The microprojection has a height of 2 microns to 200 microns and / or a width of 5 microns to 100 microns and / or a length or depth in the range of 5 microns to 100 microns;
7. A fluid resistance-reducing garment in which small protrusions are arranged on the surface of the fabric material according to claim 1. The height of the unit protrusions is 2 to 200 microns, and / or the width is 0.5 mm to 3.0 mm, and / or the length or depth is 3 mm to 10 mm,
A fluid resistance-reducing garment in which a small protrusion is disposed on the surface of the fabric material according to claim 5. Each of the small protrusions constituting the unit small protrusion group is within a range of approximately 5 to 70,
A fluid resistance-reducing garment in which a small protrusion is disposed on the surface of the dough material according to any one of claims 5 to 7. The micro-projections and / or unit-projections are fixedly disposed on the clothing surface via a binder;
10. A fluid resistance-reducing garment in which small protrusions are arranged on the surface of the fabric material according to claim 1. The micro-projections and / or unit-projections are fixed and disposed directly on the surface of the clothes without a binder;
10. A fluid resistance-reducing garment in which small protrusions are arranged on the surface of the fabric material according to claim 1. The adhering means is by appropriate means such as printing, adhesion, sticking, welding, etc.,
12. A fluid resistance-reducing garment in which small protrusions are arranged on the surface of the fabric material according to claim 10 or 11. The height and / or width and / or length or depth of the microprojections and / or unit projections is not uniform;
13. A fluid resistance-reducing garment in which small protrusions are arranged on the surface of the dough material according to any one of claims 1 to 12. A unit small concave group and / or a micro concave shape instead of the above-mentioned micro protruding group and / or unit small protruding group,
14. A fluid resistance-reducing garment in which small protrusions are arranged on the surface of the dough material according to any one of claims 1 to 13. The ratio of the large number of minute protrusions or unit small protrusions to the entire clothing surface is within a range of 10% to 100%.
15. A fluid resistance-reducing garment in which small protrusions are arranged on the surface of the dough material according to any one of claims 1 to 14.

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