JP2006029339A - Pre-processing method - Google Patents

Pre-processing method Download PDF

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JP2006029339A
JP2006029339A JP2005210630A JP2005210630A JP2006029339A JP 2006029339 A JP2006029339 A JP 2006029339A JP 2005210630 A JP2005210630 A JP 2005210630A JP 2005210630 A JP2005210630 A JP 2005210630A JP 2006029339 A JP2006029339 A JP 2006029339A
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Prior art keywords
nozzle needle
needle seat
nozzle
fuel injection
seat
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JP4886232B2 (en
Inventor
Werner Teschner
テシュナー ヴェルナー
Vijayanand Rao
ラーオ ヴィジャナンド
Tilla Haubolt
ハウボルト ティラ
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K1/00—Making machine elements
    • B21K1/20—Making machine elements valve parts
    • B21K1/24—Making machine elements valve parts valve bodies; valve seats
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/168—Assembling; Disassembling; Manufacturing; Adjusting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/02—Fuel-injection apparatus having means for reducing wear
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/90—Selection of particular materials
    • F02M2200/9053—Metals
    • F02M2200/9061—Special treatments for modifying the properties of metals used for fuel injection apparatus, e.g. modifying mechanical or electromagnetic properties

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pre-processing method to a nozzle needle seat formed on a nozzle body in a fuel injection device for making the nozzle needle seat to cooperate with a tip of a nozzle needle for controlling injection of fuel into a combustion chamber in an internal combustion engine, in which fuel injection quantity drift can be reduced in initial operation time. <P>SOLUTION: The nozzle needle seat 9 is loaded with a tool having a roughly similar form to the tip 7 of the nozzle needle, so that plastic deformation is preliminarily provided. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、燃料噴射装置のノズルボディに形成されたノズルニードル座を前処理する方法であって、ノズルニードル座がノズルニードル先端と協働し、これにより、内燃機関の燃焼室内への燃料の噴射が制御される方法に関する。   The present invention is a method for pretreating a nozzle needle seat formed in a nozzle body of a fuel injection device, wherein the nozzle needle seat cooperates with the tip of the nozzle needle, thereby allowing fuel to flow into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine. It relates to the way in which the injection is controlled.

従来のノズルボディは、材料硬さを向上させるために熱処理を被らせることができる。燃料噴射装置の噴射量は一定不変の枠組条件にもかかわらず、特に最初の運転時間では一定不変ではないことが本発明の枠内で確認された。この変動は量ドリフトとも呼ばれる。   Conventional nozzle bodies can be heat treated to improve material hardness. It has been confirmed within the framework of the present invention that the injection quantity of the fuel injection device is not constant, especially in the first operating time, despite the constant framework conditions. This variation is also called quantity drift.

本発明の課題は、燃料噴射装置のノズルボディに形成されたノズルニードル座を前処理する方法であって、ノズルニードル座がノズルニードル先端と協働し、これにより、内燃機関の燃焼室内への燃料の噴射が制御される方法において、特に最初の運転時間において燃料噴射量ドリフトを減じることのできる方法を提供することである。   An object of the present invention is a method of pretreating a nozzle needle seat formed in a nozzle body of a fuel injection device, wherein the nozzle needle seat cooperates with the tip of the nozzle needle, and thereby, into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine. In a method in which the injection of fuel is controlled, it is to provide a method which can reduce the fuel injection amount drift, especially in the first operating time.

この課題は、燃料噴射装置のノズルボディに形成されたノズルニードル座を前処理する方法であって、ノズルニードル座がノズルニードル先端と協働し、これにより、内燃機関の燃焼室内への燃料の噴射が制御される方法において、ノズルニードル座が、ほぼノズルニードル先端の形状を有する工具により負荷されることにより解決される。   This problem is a method of pre-processing a nozzle needle seat formed in a nozzle body of a fuel injection device, and the nozzle needle seat cooperates with the tip of the nozzle needle, so that the fuel into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine can be obtained. In the manner in which the injection is controlled, the nozzle needle seat is solved by being loaded with a tool having a shape that is approximately the tip of the nozzle needle.

本発明の枠内では、不都合な量ドリフトのための原因は、特に剥離による摩耗により引き起こされ、この摩耗は、エンジン内で走行時間の間にノズルニードル先端がノズルボディ内に進入することにより引き起こされることが明らかとなった。さらに数運転時間の短い走行時間の後には塑性変形が生じる。この塑性変形は、エンジン温度が約３００℃の場合の材料の塑性流動に起因する。この非可逆性の現象はエンジン運転の最初の１０時間の間に生じ、やがて静まる。本発明による前処理により、ノズル座における塑性変形部分があらかじめ処理される。これにより、最初の運転時間内の燃料噴射装置の量ドリフトが著しく減じられる。塑性変形をあらかじめ行うことにより、エンジンの運転中の材料の塑性流動があらかじめ行われるか、若しくは阻止される。   Within the framework of the present invention, the cause for the undesired amount of drift is caused in particular by wear due to delamination, which is caused by the nozzle needle tip entering the nozzle body during the running time in the engine. It became clear that Furthermore, plastic deformation occurs after a short running time of several operating hours. This plastic deformation is caused by the plastic flow of the material when the engine temperature is about 300 ° C. This irreversible phenomenon occurs during the first 10 hours of engine operation and eventually subsides. By the pretreatment according to the present invention, the plastic deformation portion in the nozzle seat is pretreated. This significantly reduces the quantity drift of the fuel injection device within the initial operating time. By performing the plastic deformation in advance, the plastic flow of the material during the operation of the engine is performed in advance or prevented.

本方法の有利な実施例が、ノズルニードル座を負荷する力が約１００〜１０００ニュートンまでであることを特徴とする。この力は、例えば液圧式又は機械式に駆動される、ノズルニードル先端の形状を有するプランジャにより負荷することができる。   An advantageous embodiment of the method is characterized in that the force loading the nozzle needle seat is up to about 100 to 1000 Newtons. This force can be applied by a plunger having the shape of a nozzle needle tip, for example driven hydraulically or mechanically.

本方法の別の有利な実施例が、ノズルニードル座を負荷する力が約１０００ニュートンであることを特徴とする、これにより、本発明の枠内では最良の結果が得られた。もちろんより一層大きい力が類似した良好な結果をもたらすことは排除できない。   Another advantageous embodiment of the method is characterized in that the force loading the nozzle needle seat is about 1000 Newtons, which gave the best results within the framework of the invention. Of course, it cannot be ruled out that a greater force produces similar good results.

本方法の別の有利な実施例が、同時にノズルニードル座が高められた温度にさらされることを特徴とする。ノズルニードル座を規定された温度及び規定された荷重により同時に負荷することにより、塑性変形のほぼ完全にあらかじめ行うことを達成することができた。対応して処理されたノズルボディは、エンジン連続走行後に先端プロフィールにもはやさらなる塑性変形を示さなかった。   Another advantageous embodiment of the method is characterized in that the nozzle needle seat is simultaneously exposed to an elevated temperature. By simultaneously loading the nozzle needle seat with a defined temperature and a defined load, it was possible to achieve an almost complete pre-deformation of plastic deformation. The correspondingly treated nozzle body no longer showed any further plastic deformation in the tip profile after continuous running of the engine.

本方法の別の有利な実施例が、温度が約２００℃〜５００℃まで、特に約３００℃であることを特徴とする。この温度により、本発明の枠内では最良の結果が得られた。   Another advantageous embodiment of the process is characterized in that the temperature is from about 200 ° C. to 500 ° C., in particular about 300 ° C. This temperature gave the best results within the framework of the present invention.

本方法の別の有利な実施例が、前処理が３時間よりわずかに、特に６０分よりもわずかにしかかからないことを特徴とする。一般により温度が高い場合には前処理の継続時間を減じることができることが確認できる。   Another advantageous embodiment of the method is characterized in that the pretreatment takes less than 3 hours, in particular less than 60 minutes. In general, it can be confirmed that the duration of the pretreatment can be reduced when the temperature is high.

燃料噴射装置、特に燃料噴射弁又はインジェクタであって、ノズルボディが設けられており、このノズルボディがノズルニードル座を有しており、このノズルニードル座がノズルニードル先端と協働し、これにより、内燃機関の燃焼室内への燃料の噴射が制御されるようになっている燃料噴射装置において、上に述べた課題が、ノズルニードル座が上に述べた方法により前処理されていることにより解決される。   A fuel injection device, in particular a fuel injection valve or an injector, provided with a nozzle body, the nozzle body having a nozzle needle seat, which cooperates with the tip of the nozzle needle, thereby In the fuel injection device in which the fuel injection into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine is controlled, the above-mentioned problem is solved by the pretreatment of the nozzle needle seat by the above-described method. Is done.

本発明の別の利点、特徴及び詳細が以下の説明に明らかである。この説明には図面に関して様々な実施例の詳細が示されている。この場合に請求項及び詳細な説明に記載の特徴は、それぞれ個々に、又は任意の組合わせで本発明の本質をなし得る。   Other advantages, features and details of the present invention are apparent in the following description. This description provides details of various embodiments with reference to the drawings. In this case, the features described in the claims and in the detailed description may form the essence of the invention either individually or in any combination.

図面に本発明に本質的な構成部材によってのみ示した、噴射ノズルとも呼ばれる、内燃機関のための燃料噴射弁において、端部２により内燃機関の燃焼室内に突入する、ノズルボディとも呼ばれる弁ボディ１が、燃焼室側で閉じられたとまり孔の形で形成された孔３を有しており、この孔３内にはピストン状の弁部材５が軸線方向に摺動可能に案内されている。   In a fuel injection valve for an internal combustion engine, also referred to as an injection nozzle, only shown by the components essential to the invention in the drawing, a valve body 1, also called a nozzle body, rushes into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine by an end 2 However, it has a hole 3 formed in the shape of a stop hole closed on the combustion chamber side, and a piston-like valve member 5 is guided in this hole 3 so as to be slidable in the axial direction.

ノズルニードルとも呼ばれるこの弁部材５は燃焼室側の端部に円錐形の弁シール面７を有しており、この弁シール面７により弁部材５は、孔３の閉鎖された端部に形成された円錐形の弁座面９とシールするように協働する。この場合に弁座面９からは噴射開口１１が導出されており、この噴射開口１１は、有利には直接に噴射するディーゼルエンジンの、供給しようとする内燃機関の燃焼室（図示していない）内に開口している。   The valve member 5, also called a nozzle needle, has a conical valve seal surface 7 at the end on the combustion chamber side, and the valve member 5 is formed at the closed end of the hole 3 by the valve seal surface 7. Cooperate with the conical shaped valve seat surface 9. In this case, an injection opening 11 is led out from the valve seat surface 9, which is preferably a combustion chamber (not shown) of the internal combustion engine to be supplied of a directly injected diesel engine. Open in.

さらに弁部材は、弁シール面７の方向に横断面を減じることより形成された加圧ショルダ１３を有している。この加圧ショルダ１３により、弁部材５は、孔３内を滑るように案内される直径がより大きい方の上側の案内部分１５と、直径がより小さい方の自由なシャフト部分１７とに区分されており、この場合にシャフト部分１７は、弁シール面７までは一定不変の円筒状の横断面をもって延びている。   Furthermore, the valve member has a pressure shoulder 13 formed by reducing the cross section in the direction of the valve seal surface 7. The pressure shoulder 13 divides the valve member 5 into an upper guide portion 15 having a larger diameter guided so as to slide in the hole 3 and a free shaft portion 17 having a smaller diameter. In this case, the shaft portion 17 extends up to the valve seal surface 7 with a constant cylindrical cross section.

さらに圧力室１９が弁ボディ１内に設けられており、この圧力室１９は、孔３の横断面拡大により形成されており、圧力室１９の弁座に向いている下端は、自由な弁部材シャフト１７と孔３の壁との間に形成された環状ギャップ２１を介して弁座９に接続されている。弁座９に向いていない方の上端では、圧力室１９は弁部材５の案内部分１５を滑るように収容している、孔３の案内区分２３に隣接している。   Further, a pressure chamber 19 is provided in the valve body 1, which is formed by enlarging the cross section of the hole 3, and the lower end of the pressure chamber 19 facing the valve seat is a free valve member. The valve seat 9 is connected via an annular gap 21 formed between the shaft 17 and the wall of the hole 3. At the upper end, which is not facing the valve seat 9, the pressure chamber 19 is adjacent to the guide section 23 of the hole 3 which accommodates the guide part 15 of the valve member 5 in a sliding manner.

この場合に外部の高圧源、有利には噴射ポンプから圧力室１９内への燃料高圧供給が、弁ボディ１を軸線方向に貫通する圧力通路２５を介して行われる。この圧力通路２５は孔３の軸線に対して傾斜して延びており、孔３の半径方向外側で、圧力室１０の、弁座に向いていない方の端部に開口している。この場合に孔３と圧力通路２５との間には、弁ボディ１内に壁ウェブ２７が形成されており、この壁ウェブ２７は孔３と、圧力通路２５の、圧力室１９に通じる開口との間の交差領域に三角隅壁２９を形成しており、この三角隅壁２９はウェブ２７の最小壁厚さを有している。   In this case, high-pressure fuel supply from an external high-pressure source, preferably an injection pump, into the pressure chamber 19 is effected via a pressure passage 25 penetrating the valve body 1 in the axial direction. The pressure passage 25 extends while being inclined with respect to the axis of the hole 3, and opens at the end of the pressure chamber 10 not facing the valve seat, outside the hole 3 in the radial direction. In this case, a wall web 27 is formed in the valve body 1 between the hole 3 and the pressure passage 25, and this wall web 27 has an opening that leads to the pressure chamber 19 in the pressure passage 25 and the pressure passage 25. A triangular corner wall 29 is formed at the intersection region between the two, and this triangular corner wall 29 has the minimum wall thickness of the web 27.

内燃機関のための本発明による燃料噴射弁は次の形式で働く。停止位置では、弁部材５は閉鎖ばね（図示していない）により、弁シール面７により弁座面９に接触した形に保持されるようになっており、これにより、燃焼室内に開口する噴射開口１１が閉じられている。高圧噴射の開始時には、高圧下にある燃料が圧力通路２５を介して圧力室１９内へ、さらに環状ギャップ２１を介して弁座９にまで到達する。この場合に、弁部材５の加圧ショルダ１３に開口方向に作用する液圧力がまもなくばねの閉鎖力を上回り、これにより、弁部材５が弁座９から持ち上がり、燃料が弁シール面７と弁座９との間で開放制御された開口横断面を介して、噴射開口１１を介して内燃機関の燃焼室内への噴射に至る。この噴射は、燃料高圧供給の終了により終了され、これにより、開口方向に弁部材５に作用する圧力は再び閉鎖ばねの戻し力下に沈降し、次いでこの閉鎖ばねは弁部材５を再び弁座９に接触するように摺動する。   The fuel injection valve according to the invention for an internal combustion engine works in the following manner. In the stop position, the valve member 5 is held in contact with the valve seat surface 9 by the valve seal surface 7 by means of a closing spring (not shown), whereby an injection opening into the combustion chamber. The opening 11 is closed. At the start of high-pressure injection, fuel under high pressure reaches the pressure chamber 19 via the pressure passage 25 and further reaches the valve seat 9 via the annular gap 21. In this case, the hydraulic pressure acting on the pressure shoulder 13 of the valve member 5 in the opening direction will soon exceed the closing force of the spring, so that the valve member 5 is lifted from the valve seat 9 and fuel is fed to the valve seal surface 7 and the valve. The injection into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine is achieved via the injection opening 11 through the opening cross section controlled to open with the seat 9. This injection is terminated by the end of the high-pressure fuel supply, so that the pressure acting on the valve member 5 in the direction of opening again sinks under the return force of the closing spring, which then closes the valve member 5 back to the valve seat. Slide to contact 9.

本発明の実施例によれば、ノズルニードル座９は同時に規定された温度及び規定された荷重により負荷される。ノズルニードル座９を有するノズルボディ１は試験では３時間の間１０００ニュートンの力で、３００℃の温度で硬化された。この後には２．５〜３μｍまでのノズルニードル座９の変形が測定された。これに引き続くエンジンにおけるノズルボディ１の連続運転時にはノズルニードル座９のさらなる塑性変形はもはや生じなかった。   According to an embodiment of the invention, the nozzle needle seat 9 is simultaneously loaded with a defined temperature and a defined load. The nozzle body 1 with the nozzle needle seat 9 was cured at a temperature of 300 ° C. with a force of 1000 Newton for 3 hours in the test. After this, the deformation of the nozzle needle seat 9 from 2.5 to 3 μm was measured. During the subsequent continuous operation of the nozzle body 1 in the engine, further plastic deformation of the nozzle needle seat 9 no longer occurred.

燃料噴射弁の閉じられた状態を示す長手方向横断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the state with which the fuel injection valve was closed.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 弁ボディ、 ２ 端部、 ３ 孔、 ５ 弁部材、 ７ 弁シール面、 ９弁座面、 １１ 噴射開口、 １３ 加圧ショルダ、 １５ 案内部分、 １７ シャフト部分、 １９ 圧力室、 ２１ 環状ギャップ、 ２３ 案内区分、 ２５ 圧力通路、 ２７ 壁ウェブ、 ２９三角隅壁   DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Valve body, 2 End part, 3 Hole, 5 Valve member, 7 Valve seal surface, 9 Valve seat surface, 11 Injection opening, 13 Pressure shoulder, 15 Guide part, 17 Shaft part, 19 Pressure chamber, 21 Annular gap, 23 guide sections, 25 pressure passages, 27 wall webs, 29 triangular corner walls

Claims (10)

燃料噴射装置のノズルボディ（１）に形成されたノズルニードル座（９）を前処理する方法であって、該ノズルニードル座（９）が、ノズルニードル先端（７）と協働し、これにより、内燃機関の燃焼室内への燃料の噴射が制御される方法において、ノズルニードル座（９）を、ほぼノズルニードル先端（７）の形状を有する工具によって負荷し、これにより、塑性変形があらかじめ行われるようにすることを特徴とする、前処理方法。   A method of pretreating a nozzle needle seat (9) formed in a nozzle body (1) of a fuel injection device, wherein the nozzle needle seat (9) cooperates with a nozzle needle tip (7), thereby In the method in which the injection of fuel into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine is controlled, the nozzle needle seat (9) is loaded with a tool having the shape of the nozzle needle tip (7) so that plastic deformation is performed in advance. A pre-processing method, characterized by comprising: ノズルニードル座（９）を負荷する力を、約１００〜１０００ニュートンまでにする、請求項１記載の方法。   The method of claim 1, wherein the force loading the nozzle needle seat (9) is between about 100 and 1000 Newtons. ノズルニードル座（９）を負荷する力を、約１０００ニュートンにする、請求項２記載の方法。   The method according to claim 2, wherein the force for loading the nozzle needle seat (9) is about 1000 Newtons. 同時にノズルニードル座（９）を高められた温度にさらす、請求項１から３までのいずれか１項記載の方法。   4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the nozzle needle seat (9) is exposed to an elevated temperature at the same time. 温度を約２００℃〜５００℃までにする、請求項４記載の方法。   The method of claim 4, wherein the temperature is from about 200C to 500C. 温度を約３００℃にする、請求項５記載の方法。   The method of claim 5, wherein the temperature is about 300 ° C. 前処理を、３時間よりもわずかに継続する、請求項１から６までのいずれか１項記載の方法。   The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the pretreatment is continued slightly more than 3 hours. 前処理を、６０分よりもわずかに継続する、請求項１から６までのいずれか１項記載の方法。   7. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the pretreatment lasts slightly more than 60 minutes. ノズルニードル座（９）に熱処理の力負荷を被らせ、これにより、材料硬さを高める、請求項１から８までのいずれか１項記載の方法。   9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the nozzle needle seat (9) is subjected to a heat load of heat treatment, thereby increasing the material hardness. 燃料噴射装置、特に燃料噴射弁又はインジェクタであって、ノズルボディ（１）が設けられており、該ノズルボディ（１）が、ノズルニードル座（９）を有しており、該ノズルニードル座（９）が、ノズルニードル先端（７）と協働し、これにより、内燃機関の燃焼室内への燃料の噴射が制御される形式のものにおいて、ノズルニードル座（９）が、請求項１から９までのいずれか１項記載の方法により前処理されることを特徴とする、燃料噴射装置。   A fuel injection device, in particular a fuel injection valve or an injector, is provided with a nozzle body (1), the nozzle body (1) has a nozzle needle seat (9), the nozzle needle seat ( 9) cooperates with the nozzle needle tip (7), whereby the injection of fuel into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine is controlled, the nozzle needle seat (9) being A fuel injection device which is pretreated by the method according to any one of the above.
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