JP2006016248A - Apparatus and method for manufacturing glass foamed body - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus or the like for manufacturing glass foamed body which is inexpensively applicable because of the small-size and is capable of contributing to energy saving with the consideration for environment. <P>SOLUTION: The apparatus for manufacturing the glass foamed body is provided with a crusher for crushing waste glass, a firing furnace for firing and foaming at ≥900°C a preheated raw material crushed material prepared by mixing the crushed granular waste glass with a foaming agent , a cooler for cooling the fired raw material crushed material, a transportation conveyer for transporting the raw material crushed material to the firing furnace and carrying out the cooled glass foamed body and a fuel gas generator as a heating and firing source for the firing furnace in which combustible waste is indirectly heated to produce a thermal decomposed gas and the decomposed gas is refined to be used as a fuel gas. Because the combustible waste is utilized as a heating and firing source, the running cost is suppressed and the glass foamed body is manufactured environmentally friendly by the use of the recycled source. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a manufacturing apparatus for crushing waste glass and firing it into a foamed state to make a glass foam in order to effectively reuse waste glass, and a method for manufacturing the glass foam.

  From the viewpoint of effective resource utilization in recent years, recycling of waste is progressing. Of the wastes, used glass bottles have been recycled as glass bottles in the past, but due to the recent collapse of the supply-demand balance, development of new recycling applications that can be used effectively other than bottles is required. As one of them, a glass foam obtained by firing glass waste in a foamed state is effectively used as a civil engineering building material or a horticultural material. The glass foam is embedded in the ground as a ground improvement material, for example, in the form of granules having a size of several centimeters. The glass foam embedded in the ground effectively prevents the water from being pooled by improving the drainage of the ground. Since the glass foam is an inorganic foam, it has excellent weather resistance and durability, and can maintain the drainage performance of the ground for a long period of time. Moreover, since the glass foam embedded in the ground is not restricted by color or the like, there is a feature that waste glass of various colors can be effectively used as a raw material. Furthermore, glass foam is used for heat insulating materials and core materials such as buildings and doors, taking advantage of excellent heat insulating properties and durability. Even in this type of application, various waste glass can be used as a raw material because it does not appear on the surface. Most waste glass used as a raw material for this type of application is waste from glass bottles. Although there are glass plate wastes, the amount of glass plate used is very small compared to glass bottles.

Glass foam made from such waste glass is lightweight and heat insulating, non-flammable, water permeable, harmless to human body, and has the advantage that it can be used regardless of the color of the waste glass. is there. As an apparatus for producing such a lightweight glass foam, the present inventor has previously developed an apparatus as shown in FIG. 5 (see Patent Document 1). This glass foam manufacturing apparatus includes a firing furnace 1 that fires a crushed raw material containing a foaming agent into a crushed waste glass in a foamed state, and the firing furnace 1 transfers the crushed raw material to a firing temperature. A baking conveyor 2 and a heating conveyor 3 for heating waste glass are provided. On the discharge side of the baking furnace 1, a cooler 4 for rapidly cooling the waste glass heated in the baking furnace 1 is provided. The waste glass is transferred to the baking furnace 1 by the heating conveyor 3 and heated, and the heated waste is discarded. The glass is rapidly cooled by the cooler 4 and crushed, or the rapidly cooled waste glass is crushed by the crusher 5. This equipment uses waste glass to minimize the amount of dust generated in the process of crushing waste glass containing various foreign substances, and efficiently crushes various waste glass into small and uniform glass foams. Can contribute to the recycling of waste glass as waste.
JP 2001-31436 A

In recycling such waste glass, it is important how the operating cost can be reduced in practical use. In the above apparatus, fossil fuels such as LPG (liquefied petroleum gas), LNG (liquefied natural gas), and petroleum have been used as a heat source for heating and firing of the firing furnace 1 for heating and firing waste glass. When LNG is used, the energy consumption is about 50 kg in terms of LNG per 1 Nm ^{3 of} the glass foam. When these fossil fuels are used, running costs are increased, and carbon dioxide gas is generated by LNG combustion, which is not preferable for the environment. Furthermore, since the fossil fuel resource itself is finite, there is a problem that it is contrary to the trend of energy saving, and a cheaper, environmentally friendly and energy saving system is required. On the other hand, since the system as described above has a large system, not only the running cost but also the initial investment is increased, which has been an obstacle to popularization. For this reason, there is a need for a system that can ensure economic efficiency even on a small scale.

  From such various viewpoints, the present inventor has conducted further research and focused on other wastes such as biomass (biological resources) and plastics and other combustible wastes. Instead of using flammable waste, the aim was to build a practical system that reduced the running cost while considering the environment. In particular, in such a waste recycling system, profitability has become a major obstacle to popularization, so it is expected that the spread will be expanded by improving economic efficiency.

  The present invention was developed from such a viewpoint, and a first object of the present invention is to provide a glass foam that is small and can be operated at a lower cost, is environmentally friendly and can contribute to energy saving. It is to provide a manufacturing apparatus and method.

  In order to achieve the above object, the glass foam manufacturing apparatus of the present invention preheats a crusher for crushing waste glass and a crushed raw material in which a foaming agent is mixed with crushed granular or powdery waste glass. , A firing furnace for foaming and firing to 900 ° C. or higher after the temperature rise, a cooler for cooling the fired raw material crushed material, the raw material crushed material is transferred to the firing furnace, and cooled glass foam A transfer conveyor for carrying out the body. This glass foam production apparatus further includes a fuel gas generator as a heating and firing heat source for the firing furnace, which indirectly heats and combusts flammable waste to produce pyrolysis gas. The fuel gas obtained in this way is used. With this configuration, flammable waste can be used as a heat source for heating and baking, so that it is possible to manufacture a glass foam that is low in running cost by using waste and that is also environmentally friendly with recycled resources.

  Further, another glass foam production apparatus of the present invention induces a part of the high-temperature gas generated in the firing furnace along the transfer conveyor, and preheats and raises the temperature of the raw material crushed material, which is a pre-process of firing. To use. With this configuration, waste heat generated by heating and baking heat can be effectively used, energy efficiency can be improved, and the amount of fossil fuel used can be suppressed and the generation of greenhouse gases can be suppressed.

  Furthermore, in another glass foam manufacturing apparatus of the present invention, the fuel gas generator includes a hollow cylindrical body that rotates around a rotation axis inclined at 0 to 10 ° with respect to a horizontal plane, and an opening of the cylindrical body. A cooler scrubber for separating the liquid component disposed at the end, and a heating chamber for heating the outer surface of the cylindrical body with a high-temperature combustion gas, or a heating element for generating heat when supplied with an electric current or electromagnetic wave from the outside. The combustible waste is fed from one end of the cylindrical body, the high-temperature combustion gas is supplied to the heating chamber, the heating and / or the current or electromagnetic wave is supplied to the heating element, and the heating element is passed through the heating element. Combustible waste is heated indirectly, causing carbonization and gasification reaction to proceed, and the gaseous reaction product flowing out from the other end of the cylindrical body is sent to a cooler scrubber and brought into contact with an oily liquid. Due to the oil contained in the gas Condensed Narubutsu and to separate from the gas, and is configured to generate a fuel gas. With this configuration, fuel gas can be extracted from combustible waste, and energy efficiency can be improved by using it as a heat source.

  Furthermore, another glass foam manufacturing apparatus of the present invention is configured to generate power using fuel gas generated by a fuel gas generator and to supply this power generation as part of driving power. With this configuration, cogeneration by self-power generation is realized and further energy saving is achieved.

  Furthermore, another glass foam manufacturing apparatus of the present invention has a vertical structure in which multi-stage flat plates arranged in two rows move in the vertical direction, and the flat plates move in the horizontal direction at the uppermost and lowermost stages. It is a tower type.

  Furthermore, another glass foam manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention is of a rotary tower type in which a plurality of flat plates suspended at an upper fulcrum are rotationally movable while being fixed to a structure rotating around a horizontal axis.

  Furthermore, the manufacturing apparatus of the other glass foam of this invention is made into the belt conveyor type provided with the belt conveyor-like plane part rotating around a horizontal axis.

  Furthermore, another glass foam manufacturing apparatus of the present invention is of a turntable type having a horizontal plane portion that rotates around a vertical axis.

  Furthermore, another apparatus for producing glass foam of the present invention is capable of supplying raw materials and taking out products, and moving four or more rectangular containers each having a horizontal flat plate and a heat transfer medium connecting the containers. It consists of piping, and the heat medium is moved between the containers by a certain algorithm, and the raw material is preheated, foamed and cooled to take out the product.

  Furthermore, another glass foam manufacturing apparatus of the present invention is provided with a heat exchange chamber and a foaming chamber in which the temperature of the indoor heat medium is kept within a predetermined temperature range, and heats the raw material placed in a container having a horizontal flat plate. Move to the exchange chamber, foam chamber, heat exchange chamber and take out the product.

As described above, according to the glass foam manufacturing apparatus and method of the present invention, it is possible to suppress the running cost of the heat-fired heat source and to manufacture environment-friendly glass foam by resource recycling. In particular, combustible waste such as woody biomass is pyrolyzed to generate flammable fuel gas, which is used as a heat source for heating and firing, or used for gasification power generation. It is possible to process and produce useful materials to realize the production of foamed glass suitable for recycling and the environment. In addition, the excellent features of energy saving and carbon dioxide emission reduction by controlling the consumption of fossil resources are realized. Biomass, in particular, is a renewable resource produced by photosynthesis as long as there is sunlight, and is carbon neutral, that is, it simply returns carbon dioxide taken from the atmosphere by photosynthesis to the atmosphere even when burned. It is an energy resource with an excellent property that it can be regarded as having no effect on the increase or decrease of carbon, and it can be an ideal glass foam production system that contributes to an environmentally friendly recycling society by making effective use of this property. In addition, the consumption of fossil fuel is also suppressed by effectively utilizing the waste heat at the time of heating and firing, and as a result, the generation of greenhouse gases is suppressed. Furthermore, also in terms of economy, which is currently the biggest obstacle in the spread of such a waste recycling system, the spread can be promoted by suppressing the running cost. At present, the energy cost has reached 50% of the manufacturing cost, which is an obstacle to the spread of the spread. However, according to the present invention, the ratio of the energy cost to the manufacturing cost can be reduced to 10% or less. Furthermore, due to the remarkable improvement in thermal efficiency, the apparatus is downsized and the installation area is reduced. Further, since the portability of the apparatus is increased, the installation is facilitated, which can contribute to the promotion of the spread. As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to realize the production of an extremely practical glass foam that realizes resource recycling, energy saving, CO ₂ reduction in accordance with a recycling-oriented society, and is also expected to be profitable.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. However, the embodiment shown below exemplifies the manufacturing apparatus and method of glass foam for embodying the technical idea of the present invention, and the present invention describes the manufacturing apparatus and method of glass foam below. Not specific to anything. Moreover, the member shown by the claim is not what specifies the member of embodiment. Note that the size, positional relationship, and the like of the members shown in each drawing may be exaggerated for clarity of explanation. Furthermore, in the following description, the same name and code (mainly the last two digits) indicate the same or the same members, and detailed description will be omitted as appropriate. Furthermore, each element constituting the present invention may be configured such that a plurality of elements are constituted by the same member and the plurality of elements are shared by one member, and conversely, the function of one member is constituted by a plurality of members. It can also be realized by sharing.
(Embodiment 1)

  FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a glass foam manufacturing apparatus constituting the power supply apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The glass foam manufacturing apparatus 100 shown in this figure heats the raw material hopper 17 for supplying the raw material crushed material R, the transfer conveyor 12 for transferring the supplied raw material crushed material R, and the supplied raw material crushed material R. A firing furnace 11 for firing and a cooler 14 for cooling the crushed raw material R heated in the firing furnace 11. The glass foam manufacturing apparatus 100 fires a crushed raw material R obtained by adding an additive such as a foaming agent to crushed waste glass into a foamed state to obtain a glass foam F.

  The raw material hopper 17 is charged with a raw material crushed material R in which a foaming agent is mixed with crushed granular or powdery waste glass. A feeder 18 is provided at the lower end opening of the raw material hopper 17, and the raw material crushed material R stored in the raw material hopper 17 is quantitatively supplied to the transfer conveyor 12.

  The transfer conveyor 12 can be a steel belt conveyor or the like, and is circulated through the firing furnace 11 by the rotation of a motor. The raw material crushed material R supplied to the supply zone indicated by A in FIG. 1 is transferred to the preheating zone B in the baking furnace 11 by the transfer conveyor 12 and preheated, and further heated and fired in the foaming zone C to obtain a glass foam. After that, it is transferred from the firing furnace 11 to the cooler 14 and cooled in the cooling zone D.

  The firing furnace 11 is provided with a tunnel kiln 20 that communicates from the preheating zone B to the foaming zone C and covers the periphery of the transfer conveyor 12. Further, the firing furnace 11 is provided with a gas burner 22, and an ejection port 24 through which high-temperature combustion gas is ejected from the gas burner 22 is opened toward the foaming zone C. The gas burner 22 is supplied with fuel gas from the fuel gas generator 30, jets high-temperature combustion gas into the tunnel kiln 20 through the jet outlet 24, and heats the raw material crushed material R in the foaming zone C to produce glass foam and To do. At this time, the heated gas (heated air) heated by the high-temperature combustion gas is sent to the preheating zone B through the tunnel kiln 20. As a result, the amount of heat generated in the gas burner 22 can be used not only for heating and firing, but also for utilizing the waste heat for preheating in the previous stage, so that energy can be used efficiently. The heated gas used for preheating in the preheating zone B loses its temperature further by heat exchange and is discharged to the outside by the exhaust fan 26. In addition to the heating by combustion heat, a heating method such as electric heating can be appropriately employed instead of or in addition to this.

On the other hand, the air S heated by cooling the glass foam in the cooling zone D of the cooler 14 is used for combustion of the gas burner 22. A cooling circulation duct 28 is provided in the cooler 14 so as to surround the cooling zone D, and is communicated with the gas burner 22 via a blower fan 29. As a result, the heated air S heated by the heat exchange in the cooling zone D is sent to the gas burner 22, and the heated air S can be used for the temperature reforming of the fuel gas in the gas burner 22 as will be described later. Also, waste heat during cooling can be used effectively.
(Raw material R)

  The crushed raw material R is put into the raw material hopper 17 in a state in which waste glass such as a glass bottle or a glass plate is crushed in advance and mixed with a foaming agent. Moreover, a crushed raw material can also be obtained by the technique described in Patent Document 1 described above. When the waste glass is crushed, it can be crushed by a crusher composed of, for example, a crusher that crushes it largely and a crusher that crushes it even smaller, but it is preferably heated and then rapidly cooled and crushed. For example, the waste glass is heated at 400 to 800 ° C., preferably 400 to 750 ° C., more preferably 400 to 700 ° C., and then the heated waste glass is rapidly cooled with a quenching cooler and crushed. The quenching cooler is equipped with a watering nozzle that sprinkles water on the waste glass and quenches it, and sprinkles water on the waste glass to quench it. The rapidly cooled waste glass is crushed by a crusher. As the crusher, any machine capable of crushing waste glass, for example, a crusher such as a ball mill can be used. As the crusher, a jaw crusher or a roll crusher can be used instead of the ball mill. The crusher crushes waste glass that is rapidly cooled after heating and is easily crushed with numerous cracks. A crusher crushes so that the average particle diameter of waste glass may be 0.5-2 mm, for example, Preferably it is 0.5-1.5 mm, More preferably, it is 0.5-1.2 mm.

  Waste glass crushed by a crusher is mixed with a foaming agent by a mixer to obtain a crushed raw material. However, the foaming agent can be added to the waste glass supplied to the crusher and mixed with the crusher. As the foaming agent, calcium carbonate, silicon carbide, carbon, magnesium carbonate, dolomite, sodium carbonate, sodium carbonate, or the like is used. In addition to the foaming agent, the crushed raw material can be mixed with an additive made of an inorganic material as a granular material. The addition amount of the additive can be, for example, 0 to 50% by weight. Additives include borax, perlite, vermiculite, pumice, volcanic rubble, expanded slag, expanded shale.

  Furthermore, the crushed raw material can be added with a flux or frit that melts at a low temperature when fired as an additive. The amount of flux or frit added is 0 to 30% by weight. Flux and frit are melted at a low firing temperature to sinter waste glass. A flux or frit having a yield point of 500 to 700 ° C. is used.

  The frit includes, for example, a mixture of 116 parts by weight of lead white, 111 parts by weight of feldspar, 28 parts by weight of silica sand, 20 parts by weight of limestone, 12 parts by weight of zinc family, and 21 parts by weight of clay, or silica sand A mixture of 60 parts by weight, glass 22 parts by weight, sodium chloride 7.2 parts by weight, alum 3.6 parts by weight, soda ash 3.6 parts by weight, gypsum 3.6 parts by weight can be used. . The melting point of the frit can be adjusted with a mixed material.

The crushed raw material R is stored in the raw material hopper 17 and supplied to the transfer conveyor 12. The raw material hopper 17 includes a feeder 18 for supplying the raw material crushed material R to the transfer conveyor 12 at the lower part. The raw material crushed material R in the raw material tank is supplied to the transfer conveyor 12 by the feeder 18. The raw material crushed material R is supplied in a fixed amount to the transfer conveyor 12 that is continuously operated, passes through the firing furnace 11, is heated by the gas burner 22, and is sintered in a foamed state.
(Transport conveyor 12)

  The gas burner 22 has a jet outlet 24 opened on the side surface of the tunnel kiln 20, and heats and fires the crushed raw material R loaded on the transfer conveyor 12. In the glass foam manufacturing apparatus 100 shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 1, the transfer conveyor 12 is circulated in the vertical direction. In this configuration, only the upper half of the conveyor is used and the lower half is only returned. However, the present invention does not limit the arrangement of the conveyor to this configuration. For example, in the glass foam manufacturing apparatus 200 according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention shown in the plan view of FIG. 2, the transfer conveyor 12 </ b> B is of a circular type in the horizontal direction. Thereby, all the upper surfaces of the transfer conveyor 12B can be used. On the other hand, this system increases the ground contact area of the device. On the other hand, in the glass foam manufacturing apparatus 300 according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention shown in the longitudinal sectional view of FIG. 3, the transfer conveyor 12C is installed in a plurality of stages in the vertical direction, and the installation area of the apparatus is reduced. Can be made more compact and increase production. Furthermore, since a plurality of stages of the raw material crushed material R can be placed in one tunnel kiln 20C and heated and fired, there is also an advantage that heat loss can be greatly reduced.

The above supply of raw material crushed material, preheating, foam firing, cooling of glass foam, air preheating and extraction are sequentially performed according to a predetermined program.
(Fuel gas generator 30)

Next, an example of the fuel gas generator 30 will be described based on the vertical sectional view of FIG. A fuel gas generator 30 shown in this figure includes a woody biomass hopper that supplies woody biomass that is combustible waste, a rotary kiln (kiln) 32 that pyrolyzes and converts woody biomass supplied from the woody biomass hopper, A vertical moving bed 34 that separates the gas G and char C generated by pyrolysis gasification and burns the char C, and a vertical movement that guides the generated gas G to the jet port 24 that is conducted to the tunnel kiln 20. A duct 36. With this configuration, the gas G generated by pyrolysis gasification is transferred upward by the vertical moving duct 36, and an appropriate amount of the heated air S supplied from the cooling circulation duct 28 is mixed and partially burned to raise the temperature. After reforming, the gas burner 22 is supplied. Thus, the reformed combustion gas can be supplied to the gas burner 22, and the gas burner 22 mixes an appropriate amount of air with the combustion gas and injects a stable high-temperature combustion gas. On the other hand, the combustion gas generated by burning the char C in the vertical moving bed 34 is sent to the heating chamber 38 covering the periphery of the rotary kiln 32 and used for heating, and then released to the outside. The fuel gas generator 30 is arranged above the tunnel kiln 20 so that the fuel gas generator 30 can be stacked vertically to make the installation space compact.
(Rotating kiln 32)

The rotary kiln 32 tilts the hollow cylindrical body 40 lined with a refractory and slowly rotates it around the rotation axis, and heats and burns the combustible waste introduced from the upper part from the lower part. Here, the inclination angle is preferably 0 to 10 ° with respect to the horizontal plane. Providing a tilt angle of 0 ° or more facilitates forward travel. Although it can be used even when the tilt angle is 10 ° or more, there is a possibility that an upward slip may occur. Therefore, it can be efficiently advanced by adjusting the tilt angle within the above range. Further, in order to heat the cylindrical body 40, a heating element 42 that generates heat by current or electromagnetic waves is fixed to the outer surface or inside of the cylindrical body 40. As a result, the combustible waste is indirectly heated by radiant heat through the heating element 42, the dry distillation and gasification reaction are advanced, and a gaseous reaction product is obtained. Further, the heating method is not limited to a method using current or electromagnetic waves, and it goes without saying that indirect heating by combustion heat or the like can be applied instead of or in addition to this. In the present embodiment, the combustion gas generated by the char C burned in the vertical moving bed 34 is circulated and sent to the heating chamber 38 disposed around the rotary kiln 32 to be heated to about 1000 ° C. As a result, the inside of the rotary kiln 32 is heated to about 800 ° C. to be thermally decomposed and gasified, and is used as a high-temperature combustion gas after being temperature-modified. Furthermore, a cooler scrubber 44 is provided at the opening end of the cylindrical body 40 as a post-processing device. The cooler scrubber 44 contacts the gaseous reaction product with the liquid and separates it into a gas component and an oily product. Thereby, the gaseous reaction product released from the opening end of the cylindrical body 40 by the gasification reaction can be separated into the combustible fuel gas and the oily product, and the fuel gas is taken out and used as the fuel for the gas burner 22. Can supply. In this way, the fuel gas burned by the gas burner 22 is supplied from the fuel gas generator 30. However, it is also possible to use LPG, LNG, or the like in combination with the fuel gas.
(Woody biomass)

  The fuel gas generator 30 uses woody biomass as combustible waste and generates fuel gas. In recent years, the use of biomass energy has attracted attention due to concerns about the depletion of fossil fuels and the increase in carbon dioxide (global warming) caused by fossil fuel combustion. Biomass is a renewable resource that is produced by photosynthesis as long as there is sunlight, and is carbon neutral, that is, when it is burned, it simply returns carbon dioxide taken from the atmosphere by photosynthesis to the atmosphere. It is an energy resource with an excellent property that it can be regarded as not affecting the increase or decrease of

A lot of biomass is generated as waste, but wood-based biomass is less used than other biomass. There are various forms of energy utilization of woody biomass, which can be broadly divided into direct combustion, thermochemical conversion, and biochemical conversion. However, many of these energy conversion technologies are not in the practical application stage, and it is said that only direct combustion is technically in the practical application stage. Although the feasibility of many technologies is expected to increase depending on the results of future research and development, the final issue is to secure profitability in the establishment and operation of energy facilities. The challenge that makes it difficult to secure profitability in the use of woody biomass is that many of the energy plant technologies are still in the development stage (demonstration stage) and the initial investment is expensive. In addition, there are many plants with low energy efficiency as well as low combustion calories of woody biomass. As described above, as a system using biomass, development such as taking out fuel gas and generating electric power has been performed, but it has been limited to single use. In order to further promote the use of biomass, cascade use combining these is indispensable, but such an example has not yet been put into practical use. For the first time, the present inventor has realized the energy-saving waste processing and the generation of useful materials that are optimal for environmental conservation by using biomass as a fuel for recycling waste.
(Woody gas power generation)

As described above, combustion gas is generated using woody biomass and used as a heating and firing source. In addition, power is generated by wood gasification power generation using woody biomass, and this is used for heating glass foam manufacturing equipment such as heating. It is also possible to construct a cogeneration system used for part of the driving power. Woody gasification power generation is a method in which woody biomass is steamed and gasified, and then burned. A large number of “woody gasification power generation” has been taken up by the study group on energy use in national forests, and research and development are underway by several domestic manufacturers. However, the treatment of by-products such as tar and char generated in the process of gasification is a problem in technical development. Further, a reforming step after gasification, control of auxiliary fuel for stabilizing power generation, and the like are being sought. In the present invention, the char C is combusted as described above, and the generated combustion gas is used for heating the rotary kiln 32. Moreover, temperature rising reforming is aimed at by mixing the temperature rising air S obtained at the time of cooling of a glass foam, and carrying out partial combustion. In this way, wood gasification power generation is realized, and self-generation by cogeneration is put into practical use.
(Moisture content)

  The woody biomass is preferably adjusted to a moisture content of 10% or less. In general, the moisture content of the woody biomass is high and the calorie is low, so that it is difficult to use it. However, by adjusting the moisture content in advance, the woody biomass can be effectively used to obtain a sufficient calorific value. For the adjustment of the water content, heat drying with a dryer or the like can be used as appropriate in addition to natural drying of the woody biomass. In addition, as described above, it is also possible to dry with waste heat exhausted from the glass foam manufacturing equipment or power obtained by wood gasification power generation, which also reduces the consumption of fossil fuel and saves energy Can be achieved.

In addition, by adjusting the moisture content in this way, there is an advantage that temperature control becomes easy. That is, when LNG is used as a heating and firing heat source, the firing furnace is rapidly heated to a high temperature. Therefore, excessive heat stress is applied to the firing furnace when starting up the apparatus in which the firing furnace itself is not sufficiently heated. Shorten furnace life. On the other hand, when woody biomass is used, the gradient of heat increase is relatively gentle due to the water content, and the firing furnace is gradually overheated, reducing the burden on the furnace. This provides the advantage that the firing furnace can be used stably over a long period of time.
(Waste plastic)

Moreover, in order to improve the thermal calories of the woody biomass, waste plastic can be mixed. Waste plastic is preferably 5% to 15%, more preferably 7% to 12%, and most preferably about 10%. The heat calorie increases due to the inclusion of waste plastic, and it becomes possible to obtain a sufficient calorific value with the woody biomass, which has conventionally been regarded as having a low calorific value, thereby further promoting the utilization of the woody biomass.
(RPF)

  Furthermore, in the present embodiment, RPF can also be used as fuel for the fuel gas generator. RPF (Refuse Paper & Plastic Fuel) is a high-calorie solid fuel made from waste plastic and industrial waste paper. Generally speaking, when biomass is referred to, it is often not included what is highly processed by adding substances other than wood, such as waste paper, but in this specification, woody biomass is used to include RPF.

  The glass foam produced by the apparatus and method for producing a glass foam of the present invention can be suitably used as a ground improvement material, a heat insulating material such as a building or a door, a core material, and the like.

It is a cross-sectional view which shows the manufacturing apparatus of the glass foam which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a top view which shows the manufacturing apparatus of the glass foam which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the manufacturing apparatus of the glass foam which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is a vertical sectional view showing an example of a fuel gas generator. It is a cross-sectional view which shows the manufacturing apparatus of the glass foam which this inventor developed previously.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Baking furnace 2 ... Baking conveyor 3 ... Heating conveyor 4 ... Cooling machine 5 ... Crusher 100-300 ... Glass foam manufacturing apparatus 11 ... Baking furnace 12, 12B-C ... Transfer conveyor 14 ... Cooling machine 17 ... Raw material hopper DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 18 ... Feeder 20, 20C ... Tunnel kiln 22 ... Gas burner 24 ... Outlet 26 ... Exhaust fan 28 ... Cooling circulation duct 29 ... Blower fan 30 ... Fuel gas generator 32 ... Rotary kiln 34 ... Vertical moving layer 36 ... Vertical movement Duct 38 ... Heating chamber 40 ... Tubular body 42 ... Heating element 44 ... Cooler scrubber R ... Crushed material; S ... Temperature rising air; C ... Char; G ... Gas

Claims (10)

A crusher for crushing waste glass;
A pre-heated crushed granular or powdery waste glass mixed with a foaming agent, preheated, heated to 900 ° C. and then fired for firing and firing,
A cooler for cooling the fired raw material crushed material,
A transfer conveyor for transferring the crushed raw material to the firing furnace and carrying out the cooled glass foam;
And a fuel gas generator as a heating and firing heat source of the firing furnace, wherein the fuel gas generator indirectly heats combustible waste and generates pyrolysis gas. An apparatus for producing a glass foam, characterized in that fuel gas obtained by purification and purification is used. It is a manufacturing apparatus of the glass foam of Claim 1,
Production of a glass foam characterized in that a part of the high-temperature gas generated in the baking furnace is guided along the transfer conveyor and used for preheating and temperature rising of the raw material crushed material, which is a pre-process of baking. apparatus. It is a manufacturing apparatus of the glass foam of Claim 1 or 2,
The fuel gas generator includes a hollow cylindrical body that rotates around a rotation axis inclined at 0 to 10 ° with respect to a horizontal plane,
A cooler scrubber for separating the liquid component disposed at the open end of the cylindrical body;
At least one of a heating chamber that heats the outer surface of the cylindrical body with a high-temperature combustion gas, or a heating element that generates heat by being supplied with an electric current or electromagnetic waves from the outside,
A combustible waste is fed from one end of the cylindrical body, a high-temperature combustion gas is supplied to a heating chamber to heat and / or current or electromagnetic waves are supplied to the heating element, and the heating element The inflammable waste is heated indirectly through the carbonization, the carbonization reaction proceeds, the gaseous reaction product flowing out from the other end of the cylindrical body is sent to the cooler scrubber and the oily liquid An apparatus for producing a glass foam, which is configured to generate a fuel gas by condensing an oily product contained in a gas and separating it from the gas by contacting with the gas. It is a manufacturing apparatus of the glass foam of Claim 3,
An apparatus for producing a glass foam, characterized in that power generation is performed using fuel gas generated by the fuel gas generator, and the power generation can be supplied as part of driving power. An apparatus for producing a glass foam according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
An apparatus for producing a glass foam, characterized in that a multi-stage flat plate arranged in two rows moves in the vertical direction, and a vertical tower type having a structure in which the flat plate moves in the horizontal direction at the uppermost and lowermost stages. . An apparatus for producing a glass foam according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
An apparatus for manufacturing a glass foam, characterized in that a plurality of flat plates suspended at an upper fulcrum are of a rotating tower type that is capable of rotating while being fixed to a structure that rotates about a horizontal axis. An apparatus for producing a glass foam according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
An apparatus for producing a glass foam, characterized in that it is of a belt conveyor type having a belt conveyor-like plane portion rotating around a horizontal axis. An apparatus for producing a glass foam according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
An apparatus for producing a glass foam, characterized in that it is a turntable type comprising a horizontal plane part rotating around a vertical axis. An apparatus for producing a glass foam according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
It consists of four or more rectangular containers with a flat plate that can supply raw materials and products, and a heat transfer pipe that connects each container. The glass foam manufacturing apparatus is characterized in that the product is taken out by preheating, foaming and cooling the raw material. An apparatus for producing a glass foam according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
A heat exchange chamber and a foaming chamber that maintain the temperature of the heat medium in the room within the specified temperature range are provided, and the raw materials placed in a container with a horizontal flat plate are moved to the heat exchange chamber, the foaming chamber, and the heat exchange chamber to obtain a product. An apparatus for producing a glass foam, wherein the glass foam is taken out.

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