JP2006015275A - Water treatment apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water treatment apparatus in which solid-liquid separation can be performed stably over a long period of time without easily clogging a separation membrane or an air diffusing pipe. <P>SOLUTION: This water treatment apparatus is composed of a raw water introducing means 1, a membrane separation tank 3 equipped with a membrane separator 5 and the air diffusing pipe 9, air sending equipment 12 for sending air to the air diffusing pipe 9 and a treated water transferring pipe 7 connected to the membrane separator 5 for transferring treated water 4. The air diffusing pipe 9 has a built-in reciprocating piston for blocking an air diffusing hole. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a water treatment apparatus for solid-liquid separation of water to be treated (raw water) flowing into a membrane separation tank using a membrane separator, and in particular, water provided with an air diffuser for diffusing air into the water to be treated (raw water). The present invention relates to a processing apparatus.

  Conventionally, in water treatment equipment that separates purified water, sewage, industrial wastewater, etc., sand filtration, gravity precipitation, etc. are performed, but a site for solid-liquid separation is required, and solid-liquid separation is performed. The quality of the treated water obtained is unstable. For this reason, in recent years, methods for solid-liquid separation of water to be treated (raw water) using a membrane separator having a separation membrane such as a microfiltration membrane or an ultrafiltration membrane have been studied. In this method, the treated water (raw water) can be filtered using a separation membrane to obtain stable treated water, but as the filtration process continues, the separation membrane is clogged with suspended substances, As the filtration flow rate decreases, the transmembrane pressure increases. Therefore, in order to prevent such clogging, in general, an air diffuser is arranged below the separation membrane, and the suspended matter is separated by air diffused from the air diffuser during the filtration process or when the filtration is stopped. It prevents deposition on the surface of the film.

  On the other hand, in the conventional membrane separation activated sludge method, an aeration facility is arranged below the membrane separator immersed in the aeration tank, and the treated water (raw water) containing activated sludge is aerated by the diffusion from the aeration facility. Then, the separation membrane of the membrane separator is vibrated by the upward flow of the aeration so that the sludge is not adhered to the surface of the separation membrane. For such a diffuser, a pipe made of, for example, vinyl chloride having a plurality of diffuser holes (air jet holes) having a diameter of about 10 mm, for example, a so-called perforated pipe is used. The distal end of the perforated tube is closed, and the proximal end is connected to a blower that supplies air via a pipe.

  Further, a conventional air diffuser that prevents sludge from flowing into the air diffuser when the air diffuser is stopped is provided with a diffuser tube having a plurality of air diffuser holes, and each air diffuser is provided with a check mechanism. is there. Then, a plurality of air diffusion holes formed by an inverted conical portion at the bottom and a cylindrical portion continuous therewith are formed at the upper portion of the air diffusion tube, a stopper member is formed above each of the air diffusion holes, and the check mechanism is at the lower portion A non-return member including a diffuser hole closing member and an upper locking member, the non-return member being movable between the bottom of the diffuser hole and the stopper member. At the time of aeration, air is supplied to the diffuser, the diffuser hole closing member is pushed up by the internal pressure of the diffuser pipe, the check member rises to open the diffuser hole, and air is ejected from the diffuser hole into the aeration tank. And when the non-return member floats, the outer peripheral part of the locking member slides on the inner peripheral part of the cylindrical part of the air diffusion hole, thereby collecting the sludge in the air diffusion hole on the upper surface of the locking member. It discharge | releases in an aeration tank (for example, refer patent document 1).

JP-A-10-66988 (paragraph 0016, paragraph 0022 and paragraph 0023, and FIG. 2)

  However, in the conventional water treatment apparatus, the air diffusion holes of the air diffusion pipe of the air diffusion equipment are likely to be clogged, and it may not be easy to uniformly apply the bubbles to the separation membrane. For this reason, the surface of the separation membrane cannot be sufficiently washed, and stable water treatment may not be possible. In particular, when the air diffuser breaks down, when the air supply pressure from the blower decreases, or when aeration is reduced or stopped, the activated sludge is generated by the treated water (raw water) flowing into the air diffuser. It flows into the air diffuser and the air diffuser is easily blocked. Therefore, when some of the diffuser holes are blocked, the air flowing into the diffuser pipe is ejected from the unoccluded diffuser holes, and there is a bias in the upward flow of bubbles and the water to be treated (raw water) generated thereby. As a result, activated sludge and the like are deposited on the surface of the separation membrane, resulting in clogging of the separation membrane. When the separation membrane of the membrane separator is clogged, it is necessary to lift the membrane separator from the membrane separation tank and clean it, making maintenance difficult.

  In addition, in the conventional air diffusion equipment, the air supply pressure of the air diffuser hole on the distal end side of the perforated tube is smaller than that of the air diffuser hole on the proximal end side. A difference occurs in the amount of air to be ejected, a difference also occurs in the momentum of the upward flow of water to be treated (raw water) for cleaning the separation membrane of the membrane separator, and the cleaning effect on the surface of the separation membrane is biased. Furthermore, since the air holes are often blocked by the activated sludge due to the decrease in the air supply pressure at the tip of the perforated pipe, it is difficult to completely prevent the air holes from being blocked by the sludge. When the air diffusion holes are completely blocked, it becomes impossible to clean the separation membrane of the membrane separator, and the separation membrane is blocked by sludge adhering to the surface of the separation membrane, that is, the separation membrane is clogged. Defective membrane filtration process. This requires cleaning work of the diffuser and the membrane separator, and in particular, it is necessary to periodically clean the diffuser.

  Therefore, the above-described air diffuser that prevents sludge from flowing into the air diffuser when the air diffuser stops is also compressed air with respect to the air diffuser located on the end side in the case of the air diffuser having a large number of air diffusers. It is difficult to ensure that this works.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems. The object of the present invention is to perform solid-liquid separation processing stably over a long period of time without easily closing a separation membrane or a diffuser tube. A water treatment device capable of being obtained is obtained.

  A water treatment apparatus according to the present invention is connected to a raw water introduction means, a membrane separation tank provided with a membrane separator and an air diffuser, an air supply facility for supplying air to the air diffuser, a membrane separator, and transfers treated water. In a water treatment apparatus comprising a treated water transfer pipe, the diffuser pipe is characterized by incorporating a reciprocating moving member or a rotatable rotating member.

  Further, the water treatment apparatus according to the present invention is connected to a raw water introduction means, a membrane separation tank having a membrane separator and an air diffuser, an air supply facility for supplying air to the air diffuser, and a membrane separator, In the water treatment apparatus including the treated water transfer pipe to be transferred, the air diffusion pipe is rotatable.

  The present invention prevents the air diffuser on the distal end side and the diffuser hole on the proximal end side of the diffuser tube (perforated tube) from injecting air at the same time. That is, a diffusion hole closing piston having about half the length of the diffusion tube is fitted in the diffusion tube so as to be able to reciprocate, and by moving the diffusion hole blocking piston, a half of the diffusion tube closing piston located on the tip side of the diffusion tube is moved. It is possible to alternately close the diffuser holes and the half diffuser holes located on the proximal end side to reduce the pressure difference between the distal end side and the proximal end side of the diffuser tube.

  As a result, the amount of air ejected from the air diffuser becomes uniform in all the air diffusers, and the cleaning effect of the membrane separator on the separation membrane can be improved, and sludge adhering to the separation membrane can be reduced as compared with the conventional case. Moreover, even when sludge adheres to the separation membrane, only a very small amount of sludge adheres evenly, so that the separation membrane can be used effectively. In addition, since the diffuser holes are not clogged, the air supply amount can be used effectively.

  In the present invention, a spiral air passage is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the air supply rotor, and the air diffuser is formed in the upper part of the air diffuser (the diffuser tube body) in time series by rotating the air supply rotor. The air will be sent sequentially. That is, the air diffuser is closed by a portion other than the air passage of the air supply rotor, and air is ejected only from a small number of air diffuser holes aligned with the air passage of the air supply rotor. Compared with a certain conventional diffuser pipe (perforated pipe), air can be reliably ejected from all the diffuser holes.

  In addition, since the number of air holes from which air is ejected is reduced, the amount of air ejected from the reduced air holes can be easily ensured. Furthermore, since the position where the air is ejected changes one after another, it is possible to prevent the cleaning effect of the membrane separator from being biased with respect to the separation membrane, and as a result, the amount of air supplied can be used effectively. If a rotating blade is provided at one end of the air supply rotor and the energy of air for aeration is used to rotate the rotating blade, no additional power is required to rotate the rotating blade. The rotor can be rotated with the rotor blades.

  In the present invention, in order to prevent the air diffuser on the distal end side and the air diffuser on the proximal end side of the diffuser tube (perforated tube) from ejecting air at the same time, the diffuser has a length similar to that of the diffuser tube. An air supply piston that selectively supplies air to the pores is used. And the pressure difference of the front end side of a diffuser tube and a base end side is reduced by always limiting or moving the air supply hole provided in the air supply piston. That is, the air diffuser hole provided in the air diffuser pipe and the air supply hole provided in the air supply piston are provided so as to overlap each other, but the arrangement interval of the air diffuser hole and the air supply hole is made different. Further, the relative positions of the air diffuser holes and the air supply holes are sequentially shifted by reciprocating the air supply piston in the air diffuser pipe.

  Therefore, by moving the location where the air diffuser hole and air diffuser hole overlap, that is, the position of the air diffuser in time series, air can be evenly ejected from the air diffuser tube, improving the cleaning effect on the separation membrane of the membrane separator Can be made. In addition, the amount of sludge adhering to the separation membrane of the membrane separator can be reduced as compared to the conventional one, and the sludge can be evenly adhered to the separation membrane, so that the separation membrane can be used effectively. it can. Furthermore, in order to operate the air supply piston, a rotating blade is arranged in the film cleaning air path, and the rotational force generated by this rotating blade is converted into a reciprocating motion by the cylindrical groove cam, so that the energy of the air is effective. It is not necessary to prepare power for reciprocating the air supply piston.

  In the invention using the cylindrical groove cam, a reciprocating slider crank mechanism of a connecting rod is used instead of the cylindrical groove cam. Therefore, the same effect as the invention using the cylindrical groove cam can be obtained.

  In the present invention, by rotating the diffuser tube (rotating diffuser tube) itself in the water to be treated (raw water), a large amount of air can be ejected from any diffuser hole, and the separation membrane can be washed uniformly. That is, by providing a plurality of air diffusion holes in a spiral shape on the outer peripheral portion of the air diffusion tube and rotating the air diffusion tube, the air diffusion holes located at the upper part of the air diffusion tube can be sequentially changed in time series. At this time, a large amount of air can be ejected from the air diffuser located at the upper part of the air diffuser by positioning the upper part of the air diffuser at the shallowest depth. In addition, since the number of air holes that constantly eject air is small, it is easy to secure the amount of air that is ejected from each air hole.

  In addition, since the position where the air is ejected changes one after another, it is possible to prevent the cleaning effect from being biased with respect to the separation membrane. Further, since the pressure difference between the distal end side and the proximal end side of the diffuser tube is reduced, the amount of air ejected from the diffuser tube becomes uniform, and the cleaning effect on the separation membrane can be improved. Therefore, the sludge adhering to the separation membrane can be reduced more than before, and the sludge can be evenly adhered to the separation membrane, so that the separation membrane can be used effectively. Furthermore, clogging of the air diffuser can be reduced, and the amount of air from the blower can be used effectively. A rotating blade is provided at one end of the diffuser tube, and the rotating blade is rotated by the energy of the film cleaning air injected from the air injection port. Therefore, it is not necessary to separately prepare power for rotating the rotating blade.

  As described above, the present invention is configured to incorporate a moving member or a rotatable rotating member in which the air diffuser reciprocates, or is configured so that the air diffuser can rotate. Bubbles and water flow can be generated at a suitable speed that can be prevented over a long period of time and does not block the separation membrane. Moreover, since uniform aeration can be performed on the separation membrane, water to be treated (raw water) can be treated stably. Furthermore, since the obstruction of the diffuser can be prevented over a long period of time, the operation of lifting the membrane separator from the membrane separation tank, the operation of cleaning the pulled membrane separator, and sludge and residue adhered to the surface of the separation membrane It is possible to reduce the amount of work of workers in regular maintenance such as work to be removed, that is, maintenance management.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing a water treatment apparatus according to Embodiment 1 for carrying out the present invention. The water treatment apparatus according to the first embodiment includes a membrane separation tank 3 for treating water to be treated (raw water) 2 introduced by the raw water introduction means 1. The treated water (raw water) 2 is water, sewage, organic waste water, domestic waste water, etc., and is treated with activated sludge. In the membrane separation tank 3, a membrane separator 5 provided with a separation membrane 5a that obtains treated water 4 by solid-liquid separation of the water to be treated (raw water) 2 is disposed. In the first embodiment, a hollow fiber membrane is used for the separation membrane 5a.

  A treated water tank 6 for storing treated water 4 from the membrane separator 5 is installed at the subsequent stage of the membrane separation tank 3. The treated water 4 from these membrane separators 5 flows into the treated water tank 6 through the treated water transfer pipe 7, and the treated water pump 8 is disposed in the treated water transfer pipe 7. In the membrane separation tank 3, an air diffuser 9 is disposed below the membrane separator 5, and the air diffuser 9 is connected to the blower 11 through an air supply tube 10. A part of the air supply pipe 10 and the entire blower 11 are installed outside the membrane separation tank 3, and the air supply equipment 12 is constituted by the air supply pipe 10 and the blower 11.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the air diffuser 9 in the first embodiment includes a cylindrical porous tube 21. As shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of air diffusion holes 22 are formed in a straight line at equal intervals in the upper portion of the porous tube 21. An air introduction pipe 23 through which air flows from the blower 11 through the air supply pipe 10 is provided on the proximal end side of the porous pipe 21. As shown in FIG. 4, a cylindrical diffused hole closing piston (moving member) 24 for forcibly closing a part of the diffused holes 22 formed in the porous tube 21 is provided inside the porous tube 21. Are fitted in such a manner that they can reciprocate. The distal end of the perforated tube 21 is closed with a cap 25, and the proximal end is closed with a cap 26. One end side of the shaft 27 is concentrically connected to the air hole closing piston 24, and the other end side of the shaft 27 penetrates the cap 26 and protrudes to the outside of the porous tube 21. Hereinafter, the term with “base end” refers to the side into which air flows, and the term with “tip” refers to the opposite side of “base end”.

  The diffuser hole closing piston 24 has a length that is approximately half the length of the porous tube 21, that is, a length that blocks half of the plurality of diffused holes 22 formed in the porous tube 21. Thus, the pressure difference between the distal end side and the proximal end side of the porous tube 21 can be reduced by alternately ejecting air from the plurality of diffuser holes 22 on the distal end side and the plurality of diffuser holes 22 on the proximal end side. It is. As shown in FIG. 5, the connection structure between the air hole closing piston 24 and the shaft 27 is such that the air can pass through the inside of the air hole closing piston 24. It is supported by a support member 29 that provides a gap 28 therebetween. The support member 29 is not limited in its structure as long as the air can be circulated on both sides of the diffuser hole closing piston 24.

  The other end of the shaft 27 located outside the porous tube 21 is connected to the pneumatic actuator 31. The pneumatic actuator 31 includes an air cylinder 33 that accommodates a piston 32 so as to reciprocate. Near both end portions of the inner peripheral surface of the air cylinder 33, for example, annular restricting portions 34a and 34b for restricting the movement range of the piston 32 are provided. One end of the air cylinder 33 is closed by a cap 35, and the other end is closed by a cap 36. Therefore, the other end of the shaft 27 is connected to the piston 32 through the cap 36.

  The air cylinder 33 is provided with ports 37a and 37b through which compressed air enters and exits, and these ports 37a and 37b are connected to a three-way valve 39 via pipes 38a and 38b, respectively. This three-way valve 39 is connected to a compressor 41 via a pipe 40. The three-way valve 39 and the compressor 41 can be electrically controlled and are connected to a control circuit (not shown). This control circuit switches the three-way valve 39 at an arbitrary time interval so that the compressed air from the compressor 41 flows out into the pipe 38a or the pipe 38b at a predetermined interval. Then, the operation of the pneumatic actuator 31 causes the diffuser hole closing piston 24 to reciprocate so that half of the diffuser holes 22 formed in the porous tube 21 are closed.

  In the water treatment apparatus according to the first embodiment, air from the compressor 41 of the pneumatic actuator 31 flows into the three-way valve 39 through the pipe 40. The three-way valve 39 flows out of the air into the pipe 38a or the pipe 38b. Let When the three-way valve 39 causes the air to flow into the pipe 38a, the air flows into the primary side in the air cylinder 33 via the port 38a, and moves the piston 32 to the right side. The piston 32 comes into contact with the restricting portion 34b and stops moving. As the piston 32 moves, the shaft 27 moves in the same direction, and in the diffuser tube 9, the diffuser hole closing piston 24 moves toward the distal end side. Thereby, the air diffusion hole closing piston 24 closes the tip half of the air diffusion holes 22. During this time, air from the blower 11 flows into the porous tube 21 through the air supply tube 10, and the air that has flowed into the porous tube 21 is half of the diffuser holes 22 on the proximal end side. 22 spouts into the treated water (raw water) 2 vigorously. This air generates an upward flow of the treated water (raw water) 2 containing activated sludge, and exerts a cleaning effect on the separation membrane 5a of the membrane separator 5.

  In this way, when air is ejected from the air diffusing pipe 9 for a predetermined time, the three-way valve 39 is actuated to cause the compressed air from the compressor 41 to flow out to the other pipe 38b. The air flows into the secondary side in the air cylinder 33 through the port 38b, and moves the piston 32 to the left side. The piston 32 comes into contact with the restricting portion 34a and stops moving. As the piston 32 moves, the shaft 27 moves in the same direction, and the diffuser hole closing piston 24 moves to the proximal end side in the diffuser tube 9. Thereby, the air diffusion hole closing piston 24 closes the remaining air diffusion holes 22 from which air has been blown up to now. During this time, air from the blower 11 flows into the porous tube 21 through the air supply pipe 10, but the air that has flowed into the porous tube 21 passes through the gap 28 in the diffuser hole closing piston 24 and flows into the porous tube 21. It spreads to the front end side, and spouts into the treated water (raw water) 2 vigorously from the air diffusion holes 22 on the front end side. This air generates an upward flow of the treated water (raw water) 2 containing activated sludge, and exerts a cleaning effect on the separation membrane 5a of the membrane separator 5.

  As described above, in the water treatment apparatus according to the first embodiment, air is simultaneously supplied from the air diffusion holes 22 on the distal end side and the air diffusion holes 22 on the proximal end side among the plurality of air diffusion holes 22 formed in the porous tube 21. It is made not to erupt. That is, the diffused hole blocking piston 24 having a length that is approximately half the length of the porous tube 21 is disposed so as to be able to reciprocate in the porous tube 21, and the diffused hole closed piston 24 is moved by the pneumatic actuator 31. The half air diffuser holes 22 located on the distal end side and the half air diffuser holes 22 located on the proximal end side are forcibly closed alternately.

  For this reason, the pressure difference between the distal end side and the proximal end side of the porous tube 21 can be reduced, and the amount of air ejected from the diffuser holes 22 can be made uniform in all the diffuser holes 22. Accordingly, the cleaning effect of the membrane separator 5 on the separation membrane 5a can be improved, and the amount of sludge adhering to the separation membrane 5a can be reduced as compared with the conventional case. Moreover, even if sludge adheres to the separation membrane 5a, only a very small amount of sludge adheres evenly, so that the separation membrane 5a can be used effectively. In addition, since the clogging of the air diffusion holes 22 does not occur, the air supply amount can be effectively used. In addition, although the hollow fiber membrane was used for the separation membrane 5a, the same effect can be acquired even if it uses a flat membrane or a horizontal type hollow fiber membrane instead.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of the air diffusion pipe 51 of the water treatment device according to Embodiment 2 for carrying out the present invention. The same parts as those in FIGS. It is. The air diffuser 51 in the second embodiment includes a cylindrical air diffuser body 52. A plurality of air diffusion holes 53 are linearly formed along the center line at the upper portion of the air diffusion tube body 52. The tip of the air diffuser body 52 is closed by a cap 54. An air supply rotor (rotating member) 55 is rotatably fitted in the diffuser tube body 52. As shown in FIG. 7, two air passages 56 are spirally formed on the surface of the air supply rotor 55. These two air passages 56 are formed with the center line of the air supply rotor 55 in between. In order to circulate air only through the air passage 56, the base end of the air feeding rotor 55 is structured so as not to circulate air therein. In addition, although the cross-sectional shape of each air passage 56 is not limited, it can be made into a semicircle, for example.

  A cylindrical housing 57 having a diameter larger than that of the air diffusion tube body 52 is provided concentrically and integrally with the air diffusion tube body 52 at the proximal end of the air diffusion tube body 52. As shown in FIG. 8, a rotary blade 58 is rotatably disposed in the housing 57. The rotary blade 58 is integrated with the air supply rotor 55 so that they rotate integrally. The opening 57 a of the housing 57 is closed by a cap 59. The air supply rotor 55 and the rotor blade 58 are rotatably supported by a shaft 60 passing through them. The housing 57 is provided with an air injection pipe 61, and the air injection pipe 61 is connected to the blower 11 through the air supply pipe 10. The housing 57, the rotary blade 58, the air injection pipe 61, and the like constitute a rotation drive mechanism 62 for driving the air supply rotor 55 to rotate.

  With this configuration, when air flows from the blower 11 through the air supply pipe 10 and the air injection pipe 61 into the housing 57, the air collides with the rotating blades 58 and rotates the rotating blades 58, resulting in air supply. The rotor 55 rotates. Then, the air that has rotated the rotary blade 58 flows into the two air passages 56 of the air supply rotor 55. During this time, the air diffusion holes 53 that are in contact with the air supply rotor 55 other than the air passage 56 are closed, so that the air is ejected outside only from the air diffusion holes 53 aligned with the air passage 56. In other words, the air supply rotor 55 sequentially sends air to the air diffusion holes 53 in time series by rotating. Therefore, as compared with a conventional diffuser tube (perforated tube) in which air is simultaneously ejected from a plurality of diffuser holes, air is reliably sent to each diffuser hole 53. Thereby, the upward flow of the to-be-processed water (raw water) 2 is generated by the air ejected from the air diffusion holes 53, and the cleaning effect on the separation membrane 5a of the membrane separator 5 is exhibited.

  As described above, in the water treatment apparatus according to the second embodiment, since the air is ejected from only a small number of the diffuser holes 53, the number of the diffuser holes 53 from which the air is constantly ejected is reduced, and the air is ejected from the reduced diffuser holes 53. It is easy to secure the amount of air to be used. In addition, since the position at which the air is ejected sequentially changes, there is no bias in the cleaning effect of the membrane separator 5 with respect to the separation membrane 5a, and as a result, the airflow rate can be effectively used. Further, the rotary blade 58 for rotating the air supply rotor 55 is arranged in the middle of the film cleaning air path, and is rotated by the energy of the film cleaning air. Therefore, additional power for rotating the rotary blade 58 is required. This is not necessary and equipment and operating costs will not increase. In Embodiment 2, a hollow fiber membrane is used as the separation membrane 5a. However, a flat membrane or a horizontal hollow fiber membrane can be used.

Embodiment 3 FIG.
FIG. 9 is a partial cross-sectional view showing an air diffuser 71 of a water treatment apparatus according to Embodiment 3 for carrying out the present invention. The same parts as those in FIGS. It is. The air diffuser 71 in the third embodiment includes a cylindrical porous tube 73 having a plurality of air diffusers 72. The plurality of air diffusion holes 72 are linearly formed at equal intervals above the porous tube 73. A cylindrical air supply piston (moving member) 75 having a plurality of air supply holes 74 is fitted in the porous tube 73 so as to be capable of reciprocating. The air supply piston 75 has substantially the same length as the perforated tube 73 and can move a predetermined amount inside the perforated tube 73. The air supply piston 75 is concentrically connected to the shaft 76 so that air can flow therethrough. The connection structure between the air supply piston 75 and the shaft 76 is the same as the connection structure in the first embodiment. The shaft 76 is supported by a bearing 77 so as to be movable in the direction along the axis. The tip of the perforated tube 73 is closed with a cap 78.

  A cylindrical first housing 79 having a larger diameter than the porous tube 73 and a second housing 80 having a larger diameter than the first housing 78 are sequentially provided at the proximal end of the porous tube 73. A cylindrical groove cam 81 is disposed in the first housing 79, and a rotary blade 82 is disposed in the second housing 80. The cylindrical groove cam 81 and the rotor blade 82 are integrated by a shaft member 83, and the shaft member 83 is rotatably supported by a bearing 84. The second housing 80 is provided with an air injection pipe 85, and the air injection pipe 85 is connected to the blower 11 through the air supply pipe 10. As shown in FIG. 10, the air injection tube 85 is curved so that air collides with the rotor blades 82 efficiently. In order to convert the rotational force of the rotary blade 82 into reciprocating motion, a follower protrusion 86 is provided below the cylindrical groove cam 81, and a cam groove 87 is formed in the cylindrical groove cam 81. The follower projection 86 and the cam groove 87 are formed so that the follower projection 86, that is, the shaft 76 reciprocates once when the cylindrical groove cam 81 rotates once. The cylindrical groove cam 81, the rotary blade 82, the air injection pipe 85, the follower projection 86, the cam groove 87, and the like constitute a cam slider mechanism 88 that reciprocates the air supply piston 75.

  Here, in order to reduce the pressure difference between the distal end side and the proximal end side of the porous tube 73, the air supply piston 75 is always moved, and air is selectively ejected from the plurality of air diffusion holes 72 to The plurality of air diffusion holes 72 and the plurality of air diffusion holes 72 on the proximal end side are prevented from ejecting air at the same time. That is, by reciprocating the air supply piston 75 and sequentially shifting the relative positions of the two, the location where the air diffuser holes 72 and the air supply holes 74 overlap, that is, the position of the air diffuser holes 72 from which the air is ejected is time-sequentially. It is supposed to be moved. For this reason, while the intervals between the plurality of air diffusion holes 72 are equal, the intervals between the plurality of air supply holes 74 are such that, for example, when the air supply piston 75 moves to the tip side, two air supply holes 74 are provided. The two air diffusion holes 72 are determined so as to overlap each other sequentially from the front end side. As a result, the interval between the two air supply holes 74 is gradually increased from the distal end side toward the proximal end side. In this case, the interval between the air diffuser holes 72 can be set to, for example, 20 mm, and the interval between the two air supply holes 74 can be increased, for example, by 5 mm. However, these values and the number of overlapping air supply holes 74 are not limited.

  With such a configuration, when the air supply piston 75 moves to the proximal end side, most of the air supply holes 74 on the proximal end side of the air supply piston 75 are formed in the porous tube 73 as shown in FIG. It faces the part other than the air diffuser 72. Also, as shown in FIG. 12, most of the air diffuser holes 72 on the proximal end side of the porous tube 73 also face parts other than the air supply holes 74 of the air supply piston 75. At this time, as shown in FIG. 13, the two air supply holes 74 on the front end side of the air supply piston 75 overlap the two air diffusion holes 72 on the front end side of the porous tube 73. Then, as the air supply piston 75 moves to the distal end side, the two air supply holes 74 and the diffuser holes 72 on the distal end side start to shift, and the two adjacent air supply holes 74 and diffuser holes 72 on the proximal end side are shifted. Overlapping sequentially. Therefore, when the air supply piston 75 moves to the distal end side, the air is sequentially ejected so as to move from the distal end side to the proximal end side of the air diffusion pipe 71, and when the air supply piston 75 returns, the air is scattered. The trachea 71 is sequentially ejected so as to move from the proximal end side to the distal end side.

  As described above, in the water treatment apparatus according to the third embodiment, the place where the air diffusion holes 72 and the air supply holes 74 overlap is moved in time series, so that the film cleaning air is not simultaneously ejected from the air diffusion holes 72. Therefore, the pressure difference between the distal end side and the proximal end side of the porous tube 73 can be reduced, and air can be ejected from each of the air diffusion holes 72 evenly and vigorously. And the air which spouted in to-be-processed water (raw water) 2 generates the upward flow of to-be-processed water (raw water) 2, exhibits the cleaning effect with respect to the separation membrane 5a, improves the cleaning effect with respect to the separation membrane 5a, Sludge adhering to the separation membrane 5a can be reduced as compared with the conventional case. Moreover, even if the sludge adheres to the separation membrane 5a, it adheres evenly, so that the separation membrane 5a can be effectively used. At this time, the rotary blade 82 is disposed in the air passage for film cleaning, is rotated using the energy of the air passing through the passage, and the rotational force of the rotary blade 82 is converted into a reciprocating motion by the cylindrical groove cam 81. Therefore, no separate power for rotating the rotor blade 82 is required.

Embodiment 4 FIG.
FIG. 14 is a partial cross-sectional view of the main part of the air diffuser 91 of the water treatment apparatus according to Embodiment 4 for carrying out the present invention. The same parts as those in FIG. It is. The air diffuser 91 in the fourth embodiment is based on the air diffuser 71 in the third embodiment, but reciprocates instead of the cam slider mechanism 88 for reciprocating the air supply piston 75 fitted to the porous tube 73. A slider crank mechanism 92 is used. That is, the shaft 76 and the rotary blade 82 are connected not by the cylindrical groove cam 81 and the follower projection 86 but by the connecting rod 93. In this case, the distal end side of the connecting rod 93 is rotatably supported on the shaft 76 by the support shaft 94. Further, as shown in FIG. 15, the proximal end side of the connecting rod 93 is rotatably supported by the rotary blade 82 by the support shaft 95, and the position of the support shaft 95 is eccentric from the rotation center of the rotary blade 82. . Other configurations in the fourth embodiment are the same as those in the third embodiment. Therefore, the water treatment apparatus according to the fourth embodiment can achieve the same effects as the water treatment apparatus according to the third embodiment.

Embodiment 5. FIG.
FIG. 16 is a partial cross-sectional view of a diffuser tube 101 of a water treatment apparatus according to Embodiment 5 for carrying out the present invention. The same parts as those in FIG. The air diffuser 101 includes a cylindrical air supply core 102 through which air flows from the blower 11 through the air supply pipe 10. As shown in FIG. 17, a plurality of air supply holes 103 are linearly formed at equal intervals in the upper portion of the air supply core portion 102. The tip of the air supply core portion 102 is closed with a cap 104. A rotating air diffuser (rotating member) 105 is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the air supply core 102. Further, as shown in FIG. 18, the rotary blade 106 is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the air supply core portion 102 on the proximal end side of the rotary air diffusion tube 105. The rotary air diffuser tube 105 and the rotary blade 106 are integrated with each other and supported on the air supply core portion 102 via a bearing 107 so as to be rotatable. The rotating air diffuser 105 is formed with a plurality of air diffusers 108 for injecting air in a spiral shape. A rotating air injection pipe 109 that diverts the air from the blower 11 to the rotary blades 106 is connected to the base end side of the air supply core portion 102. The diameter of the tip side of the rotary air injection pipe 109 is gradually reduced, and the air injection hole 109a for jetting air toward the rotor blade 106 at the rotation air injection position P is formed. The rotary blade 106, the rotary air jet pipe 109, and the like constitute a rotary drive mechanism 110 for driving the rotary diffuser pipe 105 to rotate.

  In general, when air from an air supply source is ejected into the water from an air diffuser, if the air supply source is common and different air diffuser holes, the amount of air ejected from each air diffuser is at the water depth where the air diffuser holes are located. It depends. That is, the amount of air ejected from the shallow air diffuser is larger than the amount of air ejected from the deep air diffuser. Therefore, if the water depths of the two are made extremely different, it becomes possible to prevent air from being ejected at all from the deep diffuser holes. Therefore, in the water treatment apparatus according to the fifth embodiment, by utilizing the basic phenomenon as described above, a large amount of air is ejected from the air diffuser 108 located at the upper part of the rotary air diffuser 105. Conditions such as the air pressure and the water depth of the air diffuser 101 are appropriately determined. Then, by rotating the rotating diffuser 105 of the diffuser 101 in the water to be treated (raw water) 2, a large amount of air is ejected from any diffuser 108 located at the upper part of the diffuser 101, and the membrane cleaning effect is achieved. It is made to act uniformly.

  With such a configuration, the air from the blower 11 flows into the air supply core portion 102 through the air supply pipe 10 and tries to be ejected from the plurality of air supply holes 103 formed in the air supply core portion 102. During this time, the air that has flowed into the air supply core portion 102 is diverted to the rotation air injection pipe 109 and is injected from the air injection hole 109a located at the rotation air injection position P. Thereby, the rotary blade 106 rotates, and the rotary diffuser pipe 105 integral with the rotary blade 106 rotates in the water to be treated (raw water) 2. When the position of the air diffuser hole 108 of the rotary air diffuser 105 overlaps the position of the air supply hole 103 of the air supply core 102, the air is jetted from the air diffuser hole 108 into the treated water (raw water) 2. At this time, since the rotating air diffusion tube 105 rotates, the air diffusion holes 108 are sequentially changed in time series. In this way, air is ejected into the treated water (raw water) 2 from the diffuser holes 108 located at the upper part of the rotary diffusing pipe 105, and an upward flow is generated in the treated water (raw water) 2. The separation membrane 5a is effectively cleaned.

  In the water treatment apparatus according to the fifth embodiment, the rotating diffusing pipe 105 of the diffusing pipe 101 is rotated in the treated water (raw water) 2, so that a large amount of air is supplied from the diffusing holes 108 located at the upper part of the rotating diffusing pipe 105. By ejecting, the separation membrane 5a of the membrane separator 5 can be washed uniformly. That is, since a plurality of air diffusion holes 108 are spirally provided in the outer peripheral portion of the rotary air diffusion tube 105, the air diffusion holes located at the upper part of the rotation air diffusion tube 105 in time series by rotating the rotary air diffusion tube 105. Air can be ejected while sequentially changing 108. At this time, since the air supply hole 103 is located at the upper part, a large amount of air can be ejected from the air diffuser hole 108 located at the upper part of the rotary air diffusion pipe 105. In addition, since the number of air diffusers 108 that constantly eject air is small, it is easy to secure the amount of air ejected from each air diffuser 108.

  In addition, since the positions where the air is ejected change one after another, it is possible to prevent the cleaning effect on the separation membrane 5a of the membrane separator 5 from being biased. In addition, since the pressure difference between the distal end side and the proximal end side of the air diffusion tube 101 is reduced, the amount of air ejected from each air diffusion hole 108 becomes uniform, and the cleaning effect on the separation membrane 5a can be improved. Furthermore, the sludge adhering to the separation membrane 5a can be reduced as compared with the conventional case, and the sludge can be evenly adhered to the separation membrane 5a, so that the separation membrane 5a can be used effectively. Moreover, the clogging of the air diffusion holes 108 can be reduced, and the amount of air from the blower 11 can be used effectively. A rotating blade 106 is provided at one end of the rotary air diffuser 105, and air is injected into the rotating blade 106 from the air injection hole 109a to rotate the rotating blade 106. Therefore, the energy of the air from the blower 11 generates a rotational force. Therefore, there is no need to separately prepare power for generating rotational force.

It is a flowchart of the water treatment apparatus which shows Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a fragmentary sectional view of the principal part (aeration pipe) of the water treatment apparatus which shows Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is an enlarged view of the A cross section of FIG. It is an enlarged view of the B cross section of FIG. It is an enlarged view of the C cross section of FIG. It is a fragmentary sectional view of the principal part of the water treatment apparatus which shows Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is D sectional drawing of FIG. It is E sectional drawing of FIG. It is a fragmentary sectional view of the principal part of the water treatment apparatus which shows Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is F sectional drawing of FIG. It is an enlarged view of the G cross section of FIG. It is an enlarged view of the H cross section of FIG. It is an enlarged view of the I cross section of FIG. It is a fragmentary sectional view of the principal part of the water treatment apparatus which shows Embodiment 4 of this invention. It is J sectional drawing of FIG. It is a fragmentary sectional view of the principal part of the water treatment apparatus which shows Embodiment 5 of this invention. It is K sectional drawing of FIG. It is L sectional drawing of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Raw water introduction means 2 Water to be treated 3 Membrane separation tank 4 Treated water 5 Membrane separator 5a Separation membrane 6 Treated water tank 7 Treated water transfer pipe 9, 51, 71, 91, 101 Air diffuser 12 Air supply equipment 24 Air diffuser blockage piston (Moving member)
27, 60, 76 Shaft 31 Pneumatic actuator 55 Air supply rotor (rotating member)
58, 82, 106 Rotary blades 62, 110 Rotation drive mechanism 75 Air supply piston (moving member)
81 Cylindrical groove cam 88 Cam slider mechanism 92 Reciprocating slider crank mechanism 105 Rotating air diffuser (rotating member)

Claims (2)

  Raw water introduction means, a membrane separation tank equipped with a membrane separator and an air diffuser, an air supply facility for supplying air to the air diffuser, and a treated water transfer pipe connected to the membrane separator and transferring treated water In the water treatment apparatus, the diffuser tube incorporates a reciprocating moving member or a rotatable rotating member.   Raw water introduction means, a membrane separation tank equipped with a membrane separator and an air diffuser, an air supply facility for supplying air to the air diffuser, and a treated water transfer pipe connected to the membrane separator and transferring treated water In the water treatment apparatus, the air diffuser is rotatable.

Images