JP2006010846A - Method for evaluating performance of spectacle lens and method for designing the spectacle lens - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To quantitatively evaluate image movement which is felt, when the eye moves as to a progressive multifocal lens etc. <P>SOLUTION: Assuming that a body in an arbitrary gaze direction at an arbitrary object distance is observed closely, an angle dω' of deviation from an image-side main light beam, when a near point at a distance of a very small angle dω is seen through spectacles is found and (dω')/(dω), is defined as spectacle power M. Further, (dM)/(dω) is calculated as the variation rate of the spectacle power M, when the eye is moved in a certain direction and based upon it, the image movement is quantitatively evaluated. Here, dω means a very small visual angle in the moving direction of the eye. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention particularly relates to, for example, the swing of a progressive multifocal lens (the swing of an image felt when a person wearing spectacles moves his / her line of sight within the field of view of the spectacle because the spectacle magnification distribution of the spectacle lens is not uniform). ), A spectacle lens performance evaluation method capable of appropriately evaluating the performance of the spectacle lens, and a spectacle lens design method using the performance evaluation method.

When developing spectacle lenses, appropriate spectacle lens performance evaluation is necessary, and information on spectacle lens performance evaluation is also necessary information when a customer selects spectacle lenses to purchase. As a method for evaluating the performance of a spectacle lens, a factor indicating the optical performance of the lens is generally used as it is. This conventional method is based on the premise that the optical performance of the lens directly represents the performance as a spectacle lens. However, for example, in the case of a progressive multifocal lens or the like, it has been found that the premise may not always be satisfied. Therefore, in the case of spectacle lenses, the performance should be evaluated based on the quality of the appearance when viewed with the eye, and therefore, it depends on the quality of the appearance when viewed with the eye. There has been proposed a method using a factor to be used as a factor for performance evaluation (Patent Document 1).
WO97 / 19382

  However, it has been found that there is a case where a sufficiently appropriate evaluation cannot always be performed even if the above-described conventional method is used. The present invention has been made under the above-described background, and in particular, for example, a spectacle lens performance evaluation method capable of appropriately evaluating the spectacle lens performance related to the aforementioned shaking of the progressive multifocal lens, An object of the present invention is to provide a spectacle lens design method using this performance evaluation method and a spectacle lens manufacturing method using this performance evaluation method.

(1) As a means for solving the above-mentioned problem, the first means obtains and evaluates the rate of change of the spectacle magnification in the field of view of the spectacle lens for each minute region in the field of view, thereby A method for evaluating the performance of a spectacle lens, wherein the performance of a lens is evaluated.
(2) The second means is characterized in that the change rate of the spectacle magnification is obtained by defining it corresponding to an arbitrary line-of-sight direction and an arbitrary object distance. This is a performance evaluation method for such spectacle lenses.
(3) The third means defines the rate of change of the spectacle magnification as a maximum value among the absolute values of (dM / dω) along a specific neighboring direction or (dM / dω) for all neighboring directions. This is a spectacle lens performance evaluation method according to the first or second means.
However, M and ω are defined as follows.
(A) M is a spectacle magnification when a predetermined object point is viewed through the spectacle lens.
(B) dω is an object-side minute viewing angle, and in a naked eye state, a line of sight when viewing the predetermined object point, and a line of sight when viewing a nearby object point in the vicinity of the predetermined object point The predetermined object point exists at a predetermined object distance from the eye in a predetermined line-of-sight direction. Further, the distance from the eye of the nearby object point exists at the same position as the distance from the eye of the predetermined object point.
(C) (dM / dω) is the rate of change of the eyeglass magnification in the near azimuth in which the line of sight is moved from the predetermined object point toward the near object point.
(4) A fourth means is characterized in that the spectacle magnification M is defined as an average value of (dω ′ / dω) along a specific neighborhood direction or (dω ′ / dω) for all neighborhood directions. The spectacle lens performance evaluation method according to the third means.
However, dω ′ is defined as follows.
(A) dω ′ is an image-side minute viewing angle, and is an angle formed by a line of sight when viewing the predetermined object point and a line of sight when viewing the nearby object point in a state where a spectacle lens is worn. .
(5) The fifth means is that when the spectacle magnification M is defined as (dω ′ / dω) along a specific neighborhood azimuth θ ′, (dω ′ / dω) and θ ′ are expressed by the following formula ( 1), and the average value M _mean of (dω ′ / dω) for all neighboring orientations is expressed by the following equation (2). 3 is a method for evaluating the performance of a spectacle lens according to the third means.

ただし、ｄω’、Ｉ、Ｌ、θ₀’、ａ、ｂは以下の（ａ）から（ｄ）に示されるように定義され、かつ条件（ｅ）が成立するものとする。
（ａ）ｄω’は、像側微小視角であり、眼鏡レンズを装用した状態において、前記所定の物体点を見たときの視線と前記近傍物体点を見たときの視線とでなす角度である。
（ｂ）Ｉ、Ｌ、θ₀’は、光線追跡によって求められる定数である。
（ｃ）θ’は、前記眼鏡レンズを装用した状態で前記物体点および前記近傍物体点を注視したときの、前記物体点の像の位置から前記近傍点の像の位置に向かう方位角である。
（ｄ）ａ、ｂは眼鏡倍率楕円の半長径、半短径である。
（ｅ）レンズ面形状は平滑であり、全反射が起こらない光線角度であるものとする。
（６） 第６の手段は、前記眼鏡レンズが、累進多焦点レンズであることを特徴とする前記第１から第５の手段のうち、いずれか１つの手段にかかる眼鏡レンズの性能評価方法である。
（７） 第７の手段は、眼鏡レンズの設計過程において、上記第１から第６の手段のうち、いずれか１つの手段にかかる眼鏡レンズの性能評価方法を利用して前記眼鏡レンズの視野内における眼鏡倍率の変化率が減じられるように設計を行うことを特徴とする眼鏡レンズの設計方法である。

However, dω ′, I, L, θ ₀ ′, a, and b are defined as shown in the following (a) to (d), and the condition (e) is satisfied.
(A) dω ′ is an image-side minute viewing angle, and is an angle formed by a line of sight when viewing the predetermined object point and a line of sight when viewing the nearby object point in a state where a spectacle lens is worn. .
(B) I, L, and θ ₀ ′ are constants obtained by ray tracing.
(C) θ ′ is an azimuth angle from the position of the image of the object point toward the position of the image of the nearby point when the object point and the nearby object point are watched while wearing the spectacle lens. .
(D) a and b are the semi-major axis and semi-minor axis of the spectacle magnification ellipse.
(E) It is assumed that the lens surface shape is smooth and has a ray angle at which total reflection does not occur.
(6) A sixth means is the spectacle lens performance evaluation method according to any one of the first to fifth means, wherein the spectacle lens is a progressive multifocal lens. is there.
(7) The seventh means uses the spectacle lens performance evaluation method according to any one of the first to sixth means in the spectacle lens design process, and uses the spectacle lens performance evaluation method. The spectacle lens design method is characterized in that the design is performed such that the rate of change of the spectacle magnification in the lens is reduced.

  Conventionally, the spectacle magnification SM was defined by the following equation (3).

SM = {1- (d / n) D ₁ } ⁻¹ · (1−aD) ⁻¹ (3)
In the above equation (3), the ratio of the apparent size (that is, the viewing angle) when the same minute object is viewed before and after wearing the spectacle lens is defined as the spectacle magnification, and this is obtained from the lens parameters. Is for. D ₁ , D, d, a, and n are the first surface refractive power, lens power, lens thickness, distance between the rear vertex of the lens and the node of the eye, and the refractive index of the lens material, respectively. However, in order for the above expression (3) to be satisfied, the following conditions must be satisfied.
1. The lens is rotationally symmetric with respect to the optical axis;
2. The observation object is on the optical axis and at infinity.

  The conventional definition of spectacle magnification cannot be applied to the lens periphery. Further, the present invention is not applicable when the object to be viewed is at a short distance (finite distance). In addition, only single-focal spherical power lenses have an axially rotationally symmetric shape (satisfying condition 1 above), which is only a part of many types of spectacle lenses, astigmatic lenses, It cannot be applied to lenses with free-form surfaces such as progressive lenses. Further, considering the cases of eccentricity, inclined wearing, prism prescription, etc., there are almost no cases where the above expression (3) is satisfied.

  In addition, it is necessary to analyze the sway that is felt when a person wearing spectacles moves his / her line of sight within his visual field (shake his head left and right, up and down, looking at the scenery from a moving car or train). This has been clarified by the study of the present inventor. Yure means a sensation in which the size of an object appears to change as the line of sight moves (changes in the passing position of the line of sight on the spectacle lens). Therefore, in the present invention, the rate of change of the eyeglass magnification with respect to the line-of-sight movement is defined as a quantitative evaluation index of the strength of the slip.

  According to the present invention, the spectacle magnification when an arbitrary lens is worn and an object at an arbitrary position (orientation) at an arbitrary distance can be obtained, and the line of sight is shaken within the visual field of the spectacle lens. It is possible to quantitatively evaluate the so-called warping of the time. In the present invention, it is assumed that an object in an arbitrary line-of-sight direction and an arbitrary object distance is watched, and a declination angle from the image-side principal ray when a nearby point separated by a minute angle dω is viewed through glasses. dω ′ is determined, and (dω ′ / dω) is defined as the spectacle magnification. In general, the spectacle magnification varies depending on the position of an object point, and even for the same object point, it changes depending on the azimuth angle of a nearby point, and the change exhibits an elliptical appearance. That is, when a circular object having a certain small radius centered on a specific object point is viewed through glasses, it looks like an ellipse. Therefore, more accurate evaluation can be performed by determining the spectacle magnification using the azimuth angle θ (or the image side azimuth angle θ ′) as a parameter instead of setting the spectacle magnification to a unique value.

  Furthermore, according to the present invention, it is possible to quantitatively evaluate the tilt using the rate (dMθ / dω) at which the eyeglass magnification Mθ at a certain azimuth angle θ changes when the line of sight is moved along a certain direction. Here, dω means a minute viewing angle along the line-of-sight movement direction. According to this definition, it is possible to specify the rate of change of the eyeglass magnification at an arbitrary azimuth along the arbitrary line-of-sight movement direction. For example, the horizontal magnifying power (azimuth angle θ = 0 ° or 180 °) vertical tilt (magnification change when the eye movement direction = 90 ° or 270 °), the azimuth angle θ = 45 degrees spectacle magnification, -30 degrees It is possible to specify the rate of change when the line of sight moves in the direction.

In addition, when the average value of the spectacle magnification along all azimuth angles is defined as the average spectacle magnification in addition to the spectacle magnification of a specific azimuth angle, the rate of change in the line-of-sight movement direction with this average spectacle magnification is also distorted. It can be defined as intensity. The average glasses magnification M _mean is calculated as follows using the parameters of the glasses magnification ellipse.

以上の方法は、第６の手段のように、累進多焦点レンズに適用すれば、最も効果的である。さらに、第７の手段のように、この評価方法を設計段階で用いれば、優れた性能を有するレンズを設計することができる。

The above method is most effective when applied to a progressive multifocal lens as in the sixth means. Furthermore, if this evaluation method is used at the design stage as in the seventh means, a lens having excellent performance can be designed.

Example 1
This example shows the change rate of the average spectacle magnification M when the line of sight is shaken in the vertical direction within the field of view of the eyeglasses for each point on the surface of the progressive power lens HOYALUX iD (trade name of HOYA Corporation). Longitudinal deviation (dM / dt), horizontal deviation (dM / ds) which is the rate of change of the average spectacle magnification M when the line of sight is shaken horizontally in the field of view of the glasses, and maximum deviation (the square of vertical and horizontal deviations) This is an example in which the performance of the spectacle lens is evaluated by obtaining an average square root) and obtaining a distribution diagram thereof. In the following, the theoretical basis of vertical swell (dM / dt), horizontal sway (dM / ds), and maximum sway is described, and then the performance evaluation of the spectacle lens according to Example 1 is described while explaining a specific method. A method will be described.

FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining a spectacle magnification ellipse. As shown in FIG. 1, the line of sight when viewing the object point P through the spectacle lens is defined as PQO. The image-side light beam takes the QO direction, and when a spectacle lens is worn, the P point appears to be at P ′ in the OQ direction. Since the size of the object is proportional to the angle stretched with respect to the line of sight, the magnification factor when wearing glasses may be obtained as an angle magnification based on the angle with the naked eye. However, in the case of an arbitrary object point, there is no guarantee that there is rotational symmetry with respect to the light beam, and it is considered that the angle magnification changes depending on the orientation of the angle with respect to the eyes (angle with respect to the line of sight directed in a certain direction). It is done. As shown in FIG. 1, when viewing a nearby object point P ₊ that is vertically and laterally deviated (dt, ds) from the OP direction on a spherical surface centered at point O and having an OP (object distance) radius. Assuming that the line-of-sight direction is visible in the direction OP ′ ₊ separated from the OP ′ direction by a vertical and lateral declination angle (dt ′, ds ′) due to the action of the spectacle lens, the lens surface shape is smooth and all If the ray angle does not cause reflection, the following formula is established.

ここで、Ａ，Ｂ，Ｃ，Ｄはそれぞれ物体側視角変化に対する像側視角変化の偏導関数である。これらの偏導関数は、物体点が決まり、視線のレンズ通過点やメガネレンズと眼球との位置関係が決まれば、定数となる。これらの定数の求め方は、有限微小視角を代入して光線追跡で近似偏導関数値を求める方法や、後述するスプライン補間式を微分する方法などが可能である。上式を角半径と方位角の極座標に書き直すと、下記の式になる。なお、図１においては、時計の文字盤に例えると、短針が６時を指す方向が角度θの基準となっていることに注意されたい。

Here, A, B, C, and D are partial derivatives of the image side viewing angle change with respect to the object side viewing angle change, respectively. These partial derivatives are constants when the object point is determined and the positional relationship between the lens passing point of the line of sight and the spectacle lens and the eyeball is determined. These constants can be obtained by a method of substituting a finite minute viewing angle to obtain an approximate partial derivative value by ray tracing, a method of differentiating a later-described spline interpolation equation, or the like. Rewriting the above equation into polar coordinates of angular radius and azimuth, the following equation is obtained. It should be noted that in FIG. 1, the direction of the hour hand at 6 o'clock is the reference for the angle θ when compared to a clock face.

上記式において、ｄω，ｄω'はそれぞれ物体側、像側の主光線付近の微小視角で、θ， θ'はそれぞれ物体側、像側の方位角である。さらにθを消去して整理すると、

In the above equation, dω and dω ′ are the minute viewing angles near the principal ray on the object side and the image side, respectively, and θ and θ ′ are the azimuth angles on the object side and the image side, respectively. Furthermore, if θ is deleted and arranged,

が得られる。ここで、

Is obtained. here,

である。

It is.

  As described above, the ratio of the microscopic viewing angle between the image side and the object side, that is, the spectacle magnification (dω ′ / dω) varies depending on the image side azimuth angle θ ′. The function that defines the relationship between (dω ′ / dω) and θ ′ is an elliptic function. In this specification, this ellipse is referred to as a spectacle magnification ellipse. Further, the relationship between the azimuth angles on the object side and the image side is tan θ ′ = (A + B tan θ) / (C + D tan θ).

From equation (4), the half major axis a and half minor axis b of the ellipse and the average spectacle magnification are obtained as follows.

次にユレの定義と求め方について述べる。基本的にユレは物の大きさや形状が変化することによっておきる現象である。したがってユレの評価は、ある方位角θ₀に沿う拡大率

Next, we will describe the definition of ure and how to find it. Basically, ure is a phenomenon that occurs when the size or shape of an object changes. Therefore, Yure's evaluation is that the magnification rate along a certain azimuth angle θ ₀

の、θ₁方向への視線移動（変動）に伴う変化を表す

Of the change in the line of sight (moving) in the θ ₁ direction

で行う。具体的には下記のように求める。

To do. Specifically, it is obtained as follows.

As can be inferred from this equation, there are an infinite number of exponents representing the swell in the combination of θ ₀ and θ ₁ . Each calculated index is meaningful, but an index that can be evaluated as a whole is also required. Therefore, the average value of the spectacle magnifications in the respective near directions is used as a representative value of the spectacle magnifications of the predetermined object points, and the change rate is calculated and viewed.

Here, θ can be considered as a line-of-sight movement direction, (∂M / ∂t) can be considered as vertical sway, and (∂M / ∂s) can be considered as sway, and is obtained as follows.

さらにユレの最大値は

Furthermore, the maximum value of ure

となる。

It becomes.

-Specific method for obtaining vertical leeches (∂M / ∂t) and horizontal leeches (∂M / ∂s)-
As described above, in order to obtain the vertical sway (∂M / ∂t), the lateral sway (∂M / ∂s) and the maximum sway, up to two partial derivatives of the image side viewing angle change with respect to the object side viewing angle change. value

を求める必要がある。これらの偏導関数値を求める方法としては、光線データから差分値を求めて代入し、導関数値の近似値を求める方法もあるが、本実施例では、光線データをスプライン関数で補完し、その補間スプライン関数の導関数を求める方法を示す。なお、光線データとは、レンズから出射する光線の方向と光線の出発点である物体点位置との関係を算出して得られるデータである。本実施例では、出射光線方向を物体点位置の関数と見做し、スプライン補間関数として構築する。図２は物体点位置や光線方向を表す座標系を示す図である。図２において、原点Ｏは眼球回線中心点にあり、Ｘ軸に沿い、Ｘ座標値が増す方向が目に入る方向、Ｙ軸に沿い、Ｙ座標値の増す方向が上方、Ｚ軸は紙面直角方向である。

It is necessary to ask. As a method for obtaining these partial derivative values, there is a method of obtaining and substituting a difference value from ray data, and obtaining an approximate value of the derivative value, but in this embodiment, the ray data is complemented with a spline function, A method for obtaining the derivative of the interpolated spline function is shown. The light ray data is data obtained by calculating the relationship between the direction of the light ray emitted from the lens and the object point position that is the starting point of the light ray. In the present embodiment, the outgoing light direction is regarded as a function of the object point position, and is constructed as a spline interpolation function. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a coordinate system representing the object point position and the light ray direction. In FIG. 2, the origin O is at the center point of the eyeball line, along the X axis, the direction in which the X coordinate value increases enters the eye, along the Y axis, the direction in which the Y coordinate value increases, and the Z axis is perpendicular to the page. Direction.

  Since the object side ray direction is the direction of the ray when there is no spectacle lens, it is a direction vector (PO) from the object point to the origin (that is, the line center). If the coordinates of the point P are (X, Y, Z), the direction can be expressed by two parameters T = Y / X and S = Z / X. T is a tangent of an angle α with respect to the X axis of the projection of the direction vector (−X, −Y, −Z) onto the XY plane. Similarly, C is a tangent of an angle β with respect to the X axis of the projection of the direction vector (−X, −Y, −Z) onto the XZ plane. When the reciprocal R of the object distance OP is added to T and S, the object point position can be expressed by three parameters (R, T, S). When the direction vector of the lens outgoing ray of the ray starting from the object point (R, T, S) when wearing the spectacle lens is QO, (T ′, S ′) representing the direction of the outgoing ray is (R, T, It can be considered as a function of S).

That means
T ′ = T ′ (R, T, S)
S ′ = S ′ (R, T, S)
It becomes. A sample point is set for each of R, T, and S, T ′ and S ′ at each sample point are obtained by ray tracing, and a three-dimensional spline interpolation function of T ′ and S ′ can be constructed. The error can be controlled by adjusting the density of sample points at each coordinate.

In this way, the outgoing light direction (T ′, S ′) can be expressed in the form of a function of the incident light direction (T, S), and the derivatives of the function up to the second floor with respect to (T, S) are obtained. be able to. But,

をそのままＡ，Ｂ，Ｃ，Ｄに代入することはできない。Ｔ，ＳはＸ軸からの角度のタンゼントで、その微分は例えば、

Cannot be substituted for A, B, C, and D as they are. T and S are tangents of angles from the X axis, and their derivatives are, for example,

となり、求めるｄｔとは異なる。

Which is different from the desired dt.

を求めるには、光線方向にｘ軸の方向を一致させたローカル座標系に座標変換する必要がある。

Is required to be coordinate-transformed into a local coordinate system in which the direction of the x-axis coincides with the ray direction.

− Global and local coordinates −
In the present embodiment, an example is shown in which coordinate transformation is performed in accordance with a listing law (Listing's Law). That is, the coordinate value (x, y, z) in the local coordinate system in which the direction vector (l, m, n) is matched with the x axis is

で求められる。逆に

Is required. vice versa

も成立する。

Also holds.

Therefore, the mutual relationship between T and S in the global coordinate system and t and s in the local coordinate system is

また、

Also,

となり、２階までの偏導関数も求められる。ここでは、ｔ＝０、ｓ＝０においての偏導関数値を記しておく。

Thus, partial derivatives up to the second floor are also obtained. Here, the partial derivative values at t = 0 and s = 0 are noted.

また、

Also,

− Partial derivatives of function chain −
As described above, the emission microscopic viewing angles t ′ and s ′ (which are actually tangents, but can be regarded as t = tan (t) because they are microscopic angles, and are treated as t ′ and s ′ here) are as follows. Can be written as

t ′ = t ′ (T ′, S ′), T ′ = T ′ (R, T, S), T = T (t, s)
s ′ = s ′ (T ′, S ′), S ′ = S ′ (R, T, S), S = S (t, s)

Since the partial derivatives up to the second floor are already known, the partial derivative of the entire composite function can be obtained as follows.
To find the single derivative,

上記数式中、
∂（ｔ’，ｓ’）／∂（Ｔ’，Ｓ’）は式（５）から求める。
なお、本明細書中において、たとえば∂（ｔ’，ｓ’）／∂（Ｔ’，Ｓ’）なる数式表現は、

（∂ｔ’／∂Ｔ’），
（∂ｔ’／∂Ｓ’），
（∂ｓ’／∂Ｔ’），
（∂ｓ’／∂Ｓ’）

からなる４つの数式を１つの数式で包括的に示すことを意図している。以下でも、表現を簡略化して数式が煩雑になるのを抑止するため、適宜同様の数式表現を用いる。
上記数式中、∂（Ｔ’，Ｓ’）／∂（ｔ，ｓ）は下記のように求める。

In the above formula,
∂ (t ′, s ′) / ∂ (T ′, S ′) is obtained from equation (5).
In this specification, for example, a mathematical expression of ∂ (t ′, s ′) / ∂ (T ′, S ′) is

(∂t '/ ∂T'),
(∂t '/ ∂S'),
(∂s '/ ∂T'),
(∂s '/ ∂S')

It is intended to comprehensively show four mathematical expressions consisting of In the following, the same mathematical expression is used as appropriate in order to simplify the expression and prevent the mathematical expression from becoming complicated.
In the above formula, ∂ (T ′, S ′) / ∂ (t, s) is obtained as follows.

そのうち、∂（Ｔ’，Ｓ’）／∂（Ｔ，Ｓ）は光線データベースで求められ、∂（Ｔ，Ｓ）／∂（ｔ，ｓ）は式（７）で計算する。

２階導関数∂²（ｔ’，ｓ’）／∂（ｔ，ｓ）²を求めるには、下記の６つのステップを実施する。

Among them, ∂ (T ′, S ′) / ∂ (T, S) is obtained from the light ray database, and ∂ (T, S) / ∂ (t, s) is calculated by Expression (7).

In order to obtain the second derivative ∂ ² (t ′, s ′) / ∂ (t, s) ² , the following six steps are performed.

を式（５）、（６）、（７）、（８）で求める。

Is obtained by equations (5), (6), (7), and (8).

をスプラインデータベースで求める。

Is obtained from the spline database.

を求める。

Ask for.

〜 上記３のステップでの計算は、全部で８通り 〜

~ There are 8 kinds of calculations in the above 3 steps ~

を以下の式で求める。

Is obtained by the following equation.

〜 上記４のステップでの計算は、全部で４通り 〜

-There are 4 types of calculations in the above 4 steps-

を求める。

Ask for.

〜 上記５のステップでの計算は、全部で８通り 〜

~ There are a total of 8 calculations in the above 5 steps ~

を求める。

Ask for.

〜 上記６のステップでの計算は、全部で４通り 〜

~ There are 4 types of calculations in the above 6 steps ~

  As described above, for each point on the progressive lens surface, the partial derivative up to the second floor of the ray function with respect to the object point at a preset object distance

を求め、さらに縦ユレ（ｄＭ／ｄｔ）、横ユレ（ｄＭ／ｄｓ）および最大ユレ

Furthermore, the vertical swell (dM / dt), the horizontal sway (dM / ds) and the maximum sway

を求めることができる。

Can be requested.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the distribution of the absolute value | (dM / ds) | of the horizontal sway of the progressive power eyeglass lens HOYALUX iD (trade name of HOYA Corporation). FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the distribution of the absolute value | (dM / dt) | of the vertical deflection of the HOYALUX iD. Figure 5 shows the maximum fluctuation of HOYALUX iD

の分布を示す図である。図中の格子線およびリング線の間隔はそれぞれ１０ｍｍで、レンズ凸面の位置を把握するのに役立つ。

FIG. The interval between the lattice lines and the ring lines in the figure is 10 mm, which is useful for grasping the position of the convex surface of the lens.

  As shown in these drawings, the performance of the progressive-power lens with respect to the slur can be evaluated by the slur index distribution defined in the present invention. On the other hand, FIG. 6, FIG. 7, and FIG. 8 are diagrams showing the absolute value of the horizontal sway, the absolute value of the vertical sway, and the maximum sway distribution of the spectacle lens designed based on the conventional design method. 3 and FIG. 6, FIG. 4 and FIG. 7, or FIG. 5 and FIG. 8, the distances between the contour lines of the one shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 4 and FIG. It can be seen that the maximum value of is reduced. According to the experiments by the present inventors, the degree of sag felt when the eyeglasses produced using these spectacle lenses are worn and the line of sight is shaken is shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 4, and FIG. It has been confirmed that the spectacle lens having the characteristic of swaying feels less swaying than the spectacle lens having the characteristic of sure shown in FIGS.

  In the above, an example has been described in which the object distance is set to infinity, and the rate of change in spectacle magnification is determined and evaluated in an eyeglass lens in an arbitrary line-of-sight direction, but the spectacle lens performance evaluation method according to the present invention has been described. In, it is possible to set the object distance to an arbitrary value and evaluate the performance. In general, when the object distance changes, the spectacle magnification also changes. Therefore, it is desirable to perform evaluation at a plurality of different object distances. At this time, the same area on the lens may be evaluated at a plurality of different object distances.For example, in a so-called bifocal spectacle lens, the spectacle lens is divided into areas according to the assumed object distance, and for each area. It is also possible to evaluate at different object distances. In this case, since the upper area of the lens is used at a relatively far object distance, it is conceivable that the assumed object distance is set to be longer in the evaluation. Conversely, since the lower area of the lens is used at a relatively close object distance, it is conceivable to set the assumed object distance closer in the evaluation. As described above, by performing the evaluation with the object distance according to the actual use, it is possible to more accurately simulate the wearing feeling felt by the spectacle user and to design a better spectacle lens.

  By incorporating the evaluation algorithm based on the spectacle lens evaluation method described above into the lens design program, it is possible to perform performance evaluation appropriately during the lens design process, and to change the design parameters in a direction that improves the evaluation results. It becomes. By producing a lens designed in this way, it is possible to provide a spectacle lens with little discomfort when worn. Alternatively, the spectacle magnification of the finished spectacle lens can be measured, and the change rate of the spectacle magnification in the field of view of the spectacle lens can be evaluated based on the obtained spectacle magnification. In this way, it is possible to perform a quantitative evaluation on the so-called slippage of the spectacle lens.

The present invention can be used, for example, for evaluation of performance related to shaking of a progressive multifocal lens that is one of spectacle lenses.

It is a conceptual diagram explaining spectacles magnification ellipse. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the coordinate system showing an object point position and a light ray direction. It is a figure which shows distribution of the horizontal swell of the progressive-power eyeglass lens HOALALUX iD (trade name of HOYA Corporation) evaluated and designed by the performance evaluation method for spectacle lenses according to the present invention. It is a figure which shows the distribution of the vertical distortion of the progressive-power eyeglass lens HOYALUX iD (trade name of HOYA Corporation) evaluated and designed by the performance evaluation method for spectacle lenses according to the present invention. It is a figure which shows the distribution of the maximum fluctuation | variation of the progressive-power eyeglass lens HOYALUX iD (brand name of HOYA Corporation) evaluated and designed with the performance evaluation method of the spectacle lens which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows distribution of the horizontal distortion of the spectacle lens which concerns on a prior art. It is a figure which shows distribution of the vertical distortion of the spectacle lens which concerns on a prior art. It is a figure which shows distribution of the maximum distortion of the spectacle lens which concerns on a prior art.

Claims (7)

  A method for evaluating the performance of a spectacle lens, wherein the spectacle lens performance is evaluated by obtaining and evaluating a change rate of spectacle magnification in the spectacle lens field of view for each minute region in the field of view.   2. The method for evaluating the performance of a spectacle lens according to claim 1, wherein the rate of change of the spectacle magnification is obtained by being defined corresponding to an arbitrary line-of-sight direction and an arbitrary object distance. The rate of change of the eyeglass magnification is defined as a maximum value among absolute values of (dM / dω) along a specific neighborhood direction or (dM / dω) for all neighborhood directions. 3. A method for evaluating the performance of the spectacle lens according to 1 or 2.
However, M and ω are defined as follows.
(A) M is a spectacle magnification when a predetermined object point is viewed through the spectacle lens.
(B) dω is an object-side minute viewing angle, and in a naked eye state, a line of sight when viewing the predetermined object point, and a line of sight when viewing a nearby object point in the vicinity of the predetermined object point The predetermined object point exists at a predetermined object distance from the eye in a predetermined line-of-sight direction. Further, the distance from the eye of the nearby object point exists at the same position as the distance from the eye of the predetermined object point.
(C) (dM / dω) is the rate of change of the eyeglass magnification in the near azimuth in which the line of sight is moved from the predetermined object point toward the near object point. The spectacle magnification according to claim 3, wherein the spectacle magnification M is defined as an average value of (dω '/ dω) along a specific neighborhood direction or (dω' / dω) for all neighborhood directions. Lens performance evaluation method.
However, dω ′ is defined as follows.
(A) dω ′ is an image-side minute viewing angle, and is an angle formed by a line of sight when viewing the predetermined object point and a line of sight when viewing the nearby object point in a state where a spectacle lens is worn. . When the spectacle magnification M is defined as (dω ′ / dω) along a specific neighborhood azimuth θ ′, (dω ′ / dω) and θ ′ are the spectacle magnification ellipses represented by the following formula (1). 4. The spectacle lens performance evaluation according to claim 3, wherein an average value M _mean of (dω ′ / dω) with respect to all neighboring orientations is expressed by the following formula (2): Method.

However, dω ′, I, L, θ ₀ ′, a, and b are defined as shown in the following (a) to (d), and the condition (e) is satisfied.

(A) dω ′ is an image-side minute viewing angle, and is an angle formed by a line of sight when viewing the predetermined object point and a line of sight when viewing the nearby object point in a state where a spectacle lens is worn. .
(B) I, L, and θ ₀ ′ are constants obtained by ray tracing.
(C) θ ′ is an azimuth angle from the position of the image of the object point toward the position of the image of the nearby point when the object point and the nearby object point are watched while wearing the spectacle lens. .
(D) a and b are the semi-major axis and semi-minor axis of the spectacle magnification ellipse.
(E) It is assumed that the lens surface shape is smooth and has a ray angle at which total reflection does not occur.   The spectacle lens performance evaluation method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the spectacle lens is a progressive multifocal lens.   In the spectacle lens design process, the spectacle lens performance evaluation method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is used to perform design so that the rate of change in spectacle magnification in the field of spectacle lens is reduced. A method for designing a spectacle lens.

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