JP2006002431A - Illusion sheet for pedway - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an illusion sheet for a pedway for organizing a pedestrian traffic line by arranging the illusion sheet formed by illusion figures on the pedway to make a pedestrian unconsciously recognize a moving direction. <P>SOLUTION: An illusion phenomenon which induces a visuomotor image in a specified direction when visually observing a static figure and its vicinity is utilized for properly arranging the illusion sheets c, d formed by the illusion figures a, b on a floor surface 2, wall surfaces 3, 4 or a ceiling surface on a bidirectional moving direction α for the pedestrian and placing them under ordinarily illuminated conditions. Thereby, the pedestrian unconsciously recognizes which direction is a moving direction determined by walking zones α1, α2 . As a result, the pedestrian traffic line is organized to actualize the smooth walking of the pedestrian. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to an illusion sheet for a pedestrian passage in which a visual motion impression is induced in a specific direction when a stationary figure is observed by peripheral vision in relation to a walking traffic environment design.

  Bidirectional walkways for pedestrians, such as promenades, passages in stations, and regular routes in buildings, can be found everywhere in urban areas.To avoid collisions and stays in advance, In many aisles, the aisle is divided into walking zones in at least two directions, forward and reverse, to encourage pedestrians to follow the direction of travel. However, conventional means and instruments for displaying the direction of travel to pedestrians are not necessarily intuitive (Edited by Kashima Publishing Co., 2002).

  For example, the language indications “up” and “down” are often used in station floor flooring, which may not be preferable because it causes semantic confusion with “up” and “down”. Also, for example, in the conventional method of displaying the direction of travel by presenting an icon expression such as an arrow symbol or writing it together with a language display, it is easy to detect if the icon expression itself is difficult to detect due to congestion, etc. Cannot be used for.

  However, it is not cost-effective to display on the road surface or the entire wall surface in order to make it easy to detect icon expressions such as arrow symbols, which may cause problems such as giving users a sense of pressure. There is also. Although it is possible to express the direction of travel with animation, it is not the best method because of the cost of continuing to display it.

  As a technique to indicate the destination of a passage without using language, icon representation, or animation, each passage is displayed in the symbol color of the destination, bright lighting is used for the route to go, and dark lighting is applied to the route that should not go A method of instructing a course has been put into practical use. However, the interpretation of the symbol color requires a pedestrian's prior knowledge, so it is not intuitive, and it is generally difficult to apply different lighting to different walking zones in a bidirectional traveling path.

Kashima Publishing Co., “Possibility of space design for station regeneration”, Kashima Publishing Co., November 2002 Kitaoka, A. and Ashida, H., “Phenomenal characteristics of the peripheraldrift illusion.” VISION, (2003) 15, pp.261-262. Howard, IP and Howard, A., “Vection: thecontributions of absolute and relative visual motion.” Perception, (1994) vol.23, pp.745-751.

  In view of the above, the important objects to be solved by the present invention are as follows. That is, the first object of the present invention is to provide a path having a display function for promptly and unconsciously prompting the direction of travel without making a pedestrian more aware of its presence than necessary. It is intended to provide a pedestrian passage illusion sheet that can be realized in

  The second object of the present invention is a road such as a terminal station yard, airfield terminal building, terminal store, huge building, theater, museum, painting hall, various exhibition halls, amusement parks, etc. It is intended to provide a pedestrian passage illusion sheet that is optimal for the route.

  The third object of the present invention is to provide a pedestrian passage illusion sheet having a traffic control function for indoor pedestrian groups.

  Other objects of the present invention will become apparent from the specification, drawings, and particularly the description of each claim.

  In solving the above problems, the present invention uses an illusion phenomenon (Kitaoka & Ashida, 2003) in which a visual motion impression is induced in a specific direction when a stationary figure is observed by peripheral vision, and the illusion observation is applied to a pedestrian. The characteristic constitution means of the illusion sheet which presents the traveling direction as an illusion figure is taken.

  More specifically, in order to solve the problem, the present invention achieves the above object by adopting each of the novel characteristic constituent means listed below.

  That is, the first feature of the present invention is the use of a configuration means in which an illusion figure is arranged along the walking zone and the traveling direction of the pedestrian is displayed as an illusion.

  A second feature of the present invention resides in the use of a configuration means in which the illusion figure in the first feature of the present invention is a static figure in which a visual motion impression is induced in a specific direction when the peripheral vision is observed.

  The third feature of the present invention is that the static figure in the second feature of the present invention has four different brightness levels corresponding to black, dark ash, white, and light ash in the direction of travel. , Black, gray, white, three different levels of lightness, or a continuous or discontinuous lightness gradient that includes spatial frequency components that can be considered phase equivalent to them. Pedestrians under normal lighting conditions to induce visual motion impressions in the same direction as the direction of travel in the visual perception of pedestrians walking on the forward gait zone Is in the form of a continuous band arranged in a place where peripheral vision can be observed.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the stationary figure in the second or third aspect of the present invention is adapted to induce a visual motion impression in a direction opposite to the traveling direction with respect to the backward walking zone. Adoption of the constituent means, which is arranged in a continuous belt shape that is reversed back and forth so that it is in reverse order with the regular figure of the different brightness color at a place where pedestrians can observe peripheral vision under daily lighting conditions along the walking zone It is in.

  A fifth feature of the present invention is that the illusion figure in the first or second feature of the present invention is painted on a sheet disposed on a surface of a road surface, a wall surface, a ceiling surface or the like that is all or part of the width. Alternatively, a configuration means that statically displays by printing or an arbitrary drawing method is employed.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, the stationary figure in the third, fourth, or fifth aspect of the present invention is a one-way passage, or at least two traveling directions in the forward direction and the reverse direction are A forward and backward walking zone that uses a reciprocating walking zone that is defined for each walking zone and that requires a pedestrian to walk in compliance with the direction of travel defined in the walking zone. In the reverse gait, in the reverse gait zone, the reverse figure is different from the irregularity color fixed figure, and the road surface, wall surface, ceiling surface, etc. Visual movement impression in a direction consistent with the direction of travel determined for each gait zone by displaying it in one direction only on the sheet placed in a continuous band on the surface of the gait, or by displaying in both directions simultaneously To induce pedestrians It is for displaying respectively the illusion shapes each corresponding continuous strip which is, in adoption of the configuration means.

  According to a seventh feature of the present invention, the illusion figure in the first or second feature is a static image obtained by repeatedly coloring the series of different lightness colors between adjacent multiple concentric circles facing outward from the center. The present invention employs a configuration means that induces a pedestrian to have a visual motion impression that is a figure and is placed in front of the advancing walking zone.

  According to the present invention, it is expected that a visual motion impression that matches the determined traveling direction is induced in a pedestrian by appropriately arranging an illusion sheet composed of this illusion figure at a key point of the passage. The visual motion impression only appears to have low-speed movement inside the area of the illusion figure presented on the plane, and it does not feel as if the space in the vicinity of the figure is moving. Unless it is set to (3), it does not feel that the observer is moving. Moreover, this illusion phenomenon does not occur when a figure is observed at the center of the visual field.

  From this, it is not necessary to keep paying attention to the presence of the illusion, and without disturbing the action, if you walk in the direction of movement that is visible around the field of view, it seems that it is the correct direction of travel This illusion figure can be presented as a figure pattern that has a function of prompting a pedestrian.

An illusion figure may be a simple pattern that repeats a plurality of surfaces painted with different brightness, and it is a mere static figure without any actual movement or change in brightness over time. It can be realized at low cost compared to drawing a lot of images and animation.
Moreover, the illusion sheet for the passage according to the present invention can display the traveling direction of the bidirectional traveling passage for pedestrians, so that the progress of the pedestrian's flow line is avoided by avoiding collisions and staying in advance. Intuitive and low-cost technology for displaying directions has been realized.

  The illusion sheet of the passage according to the present invention can control the amount of illusion according to various stimulus parameters such as brightness, and by appropriately operating the perceived speed, the two illusionary traveling directions are simply displayed. Not only the two-way traveling path partitioned by the walking zone, but also two zones corresponding to a one-sided two-lane road with a driving lane and an overtaking lane, that is, both a low-speed walking zone and a high-speed walking zone The present invention can also be applied to a forward traveling path.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
(Example 1)
FIG. 1 is a plan view in which an illusion sheet is arranged in both bidirectional passages in a typical stimulus arrangement of an illusion figure showing the first embodiment.
For example, the brightness expressed separately in black, dark ash, white, and light ash has CMYK values (0, 0, 0, 100), (90, 45, 0, 0), (0) in a typical example. , 0, 0, 0), (20, 10, 95, 0), and the corresponding color names are black D, blue C, white A, and yellow B, respectively, are used in a fixed order. Can display an illusion figure as a static figure.

  In addition, the color of the first embodiment is merely a typical example, and any color may be used, and any combination of colors satisfying the inequality A> B> C> D is used for the DCAB. By arranging them in order, the impression of movement can be felt in the direction of the arrangement order. This order is a necessary condition for generating an illusion using the natural laws of information processing in the visual system.

Here, the brightness of the color used for the illusion figure a will be described. Since the amount of brightness is not known in the CMYK value, each color is HSB (hue, saturation, brightness). In other words, it becomes as follows.
Black = CMYK (0, 0, 0, 100) = HSB (346, 11, 14): D
Blue = CMYK (90, 45, 0, 0) = HSB (202, 100, 76): C
White = CMYK (0,0,0,0) = HSB (0,0,100): A
Yellow = CMYK (20, 10, 95, 0) = HSB (57, 76, 83): B

  The rightmost value of each color, that is, 14, 76, 100, 83, is a measure of color brightness. Comparing these values, the inequality of white> yellow> blue> black is satisfied, and arranging them in the order of black blue white yellow means that four colors satisfying A> B> C> D are satisfied. This is one typical example of arranging in order of DCAB. The values between blue C and yellow B are very close as 76 and 83, but the brightness of the two colors looks very different as they look at the printing stage, and the illusion is also strong. As a result, it is sufficient as an exemplary embodiment.

  By the way, when the upward illusion figure a and the downward illusion figure b are observed as a peripheral vision, a visual impression is generated that translates at a low speed, with the left half in the upward direction and the right half in the downward direction. Each of the upward colors D, C, A, B, and the downward colors B, A, C, D has a vertical width of 3.5 cm and a horizontal spread of 40 cm or more, and the illusion figures a and b are arranged in the above-described order. The optical illusion sheets c and d are affixed to the road surface 2 m ahead of the observer who is walking in the bi-directional traveling path α, with the left half on the walking zone α1 to which the pedestrian belongs and the right half on the adjacent walking zone α2. , So that they are arranged respectively.

When the pedestrian observes the peripheral illusion figures a and b, the left half is perceived by moving simultaneously in the same direction as the pedestrian and the right half in the opposite direction, or one of the above directions. The other is perceived as moving.
In any case, it is possible to provide information necessary and sufficient for the pedestrian to know the determined traveling directions of the two different walking zones. That is, in this embodiment, the pedestrian can know that left-hand traffic is defined.

Embodiment 2
In the above-described exemplary embodiment 1, the illusion sheets c and d are arranged for the purpose of inducing motion impressions in opposite directions in both the bidirectional walking zones α1 and α2, but the present embodiment example 2 The illusion sheet c ′ of the illusion figure a shown may be arranged only in the one-way street walking zone β, for example.
FIG. 2 shows an arrangement plan view of the illusion sheet c ′ in the second embodiment.
In order to mimic the fact that stationary structures are arranged randomly in an actual passage, a rectangular figure 1 is drawn at a random position around it, and a sheet c ′ of an illusion figure a based on the second embodiment is drawn in the center. Place.

  When the pedestrian observes the illusion figure a with the peripheral vision, the pedestrian zone β is perceived by moving in the same direction as the traveling direction of the pedestrian. The group of rectangular figures drawn around is not a necessary condition of the second embodiment, and an effective optical illusion can be obtained even if these are removed, but when a stationary reference frame is present around, there is a central motion impression. In view of the fact that it can be obtained more clearly and that there are usually stationary structures around the actual path, stationary visual stimulation is placed around the second embodiment.

  In the second embodiment, the case where the vertical width of each color is set to 3.5 cm and the horizontal spread is set to 40 cm has been described. However, even if these values are changed, the same effect can be obtained. In peripheral vision observation, the resolution visual acuity is inferior to that of central vision. Therefore, the effective minimum value of the vertical width that can be used for the illusion sheet c ′ of the passage is about 2 cm. If placed, it is difficult to obtain an effective motion impression.

  On the other hand, as the vertical width is increased, the optimum position where an impression of motion is obtained gradually shifts from the vicinity of the pedestrian to the farther place. This is because the stimulus size and the observation distance are in an inversely proportional relationship so that the spatial frequency at the time of image formation on the retina is an optimum band for the illusion. For the purpose of displaying the traveling direction, it is desirable that the optical illusion is maximized in the vicinity of the pedestrian, so the maximum value of the vertical width is estimated to be about 10 cm.

  Regarding the lateral spread, an effective illusion is obtained in a range extending from 10 to 100 cm. Even if it is larger than that, there will be no illusion, but if the horizontal spread is maximized and no surrounding stationary reference frame is given at all, it will be absolute compared to the relative motion detection sensitivity due to the characteristics of the visual system. Since the motion detection sensitivity is inferior and the illusion amount is weakened, the maximum execution value is considered to be about 100 cm.

(Embodiment 3)
The purpose of the first and second embodiments is to display the traveling direction by placing the sheets c, c ′, d of the illusion figure a mainly on the floor surface. By creating the illusion that you are moving forward, you can improve the sense of presence in theaters and amusement parks. In general, it is known that a self-motion sensation is induced in the opposite direction by being induced by a motion of a visual object that surrounds itself. Conventionally, a physical motor stimulus has been used as a stimulus for this illusion (see Howard & Howard, 1994). ). In the proposed third embodiment, similar self-motion sensation can be induced by using the illusionary motion impression used in the first and second embodiments instead of physical movement.

FIG. 3 shows a developed plan view of the third embodiment in which the illusion sheets are three-dimensionally arranged in addition to the floor surface in FIG.
A size that allows one observer to rest on the floor surface 2 is secured, and the floor surface 2, the left and right wall surfaces 3, 4 and the front surface 5 are three-dimensionally arranged indoors. The illusion sheet c ″ of the illusion figure a of Example 3 of the present embodiment is arranged on the floor surface 2 to induce a movement impression in the traveling direction on the floor surface 2. The illusion sheets of the illusion figure b are placed on the left and right wall surfaces 3 and 4. e and f are arranged opposite to the floor 2 to induce a motion impression that the scenery of the wall moves to the rear of the floor 5. The illusion figure g is drawn concentrically on the front 5 on the illusion sheet h. As shown in FIG. 3, the concentric illusion figure g induces a motion impression that colors and expands in the order of black D, blue C, white A, and yellow B in the same manner as the illusion figure a from the center to the periphery.

  When such a combination of motion impressions is provided, an observer who is stationary on the floor surface 2 has an illusion that it is self-moving. That is, the floor surface 2 feels like the so-called moving sidewalk as if the entire floor on which it was placed slides forward, and the translational movement of the left and right wall surfaces 3 and 4 and the expansion movement of the front surface 5 proceed forward. It is interpreted as if it were light flow caused by going on.

  As a result, there is an illusion that the observer himself / herself is physically stationary, but is moving forward. In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, the shape of the figure drawn in a plane is the same as when the enlarged keynote is easily imagined from the shape of the illusion figure g for generating the motion impression of the radial arrow i on the front surface 5 as shown in FIG. By appropriately changing, it is possible to freely give not only the impression of translational movement as shown in FIG. 1 but also a two-dimensional movement impression such as enlargement or reduction.

  For example, by bending and drawing the illusion figures a and b along an arbitrary curve, movement in the direction of movement along the curved shape is perceived, and by drawing along the circumference, rotation is perceived. By drawing according to the spiral function, the impression of spiral rotation and expansion is obtained. Furthermore, it is clear from the third embodiment of FIG. 3 that a three-dimensional motion impression is created by drawing these on a three-dimensional surface such as a phase or a wall around the room instead of a plane. For these reasons, it is possible to realize, at a low cost, a sense of reality that is qualitatively equivalent to a visual effect created by using a moving image or lighting operation in a commercial facility such as an amusement park.

It is the top view which has arranged the illusion sheet in both bidirectional passages in the illusion sheet of the figure in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. It is the top view which has arranged the optical illusion sheet only in the one-way way in the figure illusion sheet in example 2 of an embodiment of the present invention. It is the expansion | deployment top view which increased the realistic sensation by mainly arrange | positioning the illusion sheet | seat other than a floor surface in the illusion sheet | seat of the figure in Example 3 of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

a, b, g ... illusion figure c, c ', c ", d, e, f, h ... illusion sheet i ... radial arrow A ... white B ... yellow C ... blue D ... black α ... bi-directional travel path α1, α2, β ... walking zone 1 ... rectangular figure 2 ... floor surface 3, 4 ... left and right wall surface 5 ... front

Claims (7)

Place illusion figures along the gait zone to display the illuminating direction of the pedestrian,
An illusion sheet for a pedestrian passage. The illusion figure is
A static figure that induces a visual motion impression in a specific direction when viewed from the periphery.
The illusion sheet for a pedestrian passage according to claim 1. The static figure is
4 different brightness levels corresponding to black, dark ash, white and light ash, 3 different brightness levels corresponding to black, ash and white, or It is a continuous figure that repeats a regular figure of different lightness color with a continuous or discontinuous lightness gradient including a spatial frequency component that can be regarded as phase equivalent in each order, and it walks on the forward walking zone. In order to induce visual motion impression in the same direction as the direction of travel in the visual recognition of pedestrians, it is arranged in a continuous belt shape in a place where pedestrians can observe peripheral vision under daily lighting conditions.
The illusion sheet for a pedestrian passage according to claim 2. The static figure is
In order to induce a visual motion impression in the opposite direction to the direction of travel for a reverse gait, the color of the different lightness is determined at a place where a pedestrian can observe under the normal lighting conditions along the reverse gait. Arranged in a continuous belt with the front and back reversed in order to be in reverse order with each forward figure.
The illusion sheet for a pedestrian passage according to claim 2 or 3. The illusion figure is
Statically displayed by painting, printing, or any drawing method on a sheet placed on the surface of all or part of the road surface, wall surface, ceiling surface, etc.
An illusion sheet for a pedestrian passage according to claim 1 or 2. The static figure is
It is necessary to urge pedestrians to walk in compliance with the direction of travel determined by the one-way passage, or at least two directions of travel that are forward and reverse, separated by each walking zone. A reciprocating walking zone having a parallel path,
In the forward direction walking zone, the regularity figure of the different lightness color, and in the reverse direction walking zone, the reverse order figure from the different lightness color fixed order figure, respectively, all of road surface, wall surface, ceiling surface, etc. By displaying in one direction only on a sheet arranged in a continuous band on a surface of some area, or by displaying in both directions at the same time, the direction of travel defined for each walking band is consistent with them. Display illusion figures in each corresponding continuous band that is expected to induce a visual motion impression of the direction to the pedestrian,
The illusion sheet for a pedestrian passage according to claim 3, 4 or 5. The illusion figure is
It is a static figure in which the above-mentioned series of different lightness colors are repeatedly colored between adjacent concentric circles facing from the center to the outside. Trigger on pedestrians,
An illusion sheet for a pedestrian passage according to claim 1 or 2.

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