JP2005513314A - Suction manifold for firewood - Google Patents

Abstract

  A suction manifold for dredging, comprising two inlets or two sets of inlets (1, 2), the first lower inlet or inlet set (1) being provided at or near the lower end of the suction manifold And is adapted to suck in sediments with some amount of water from the bottom, the second upper inlet or inlet set (2) being vertically above the first inlet or inlet set (1) And is adapted to suck in only water. The suction manifold includes an inner tube (3) adapted to carry water and sludge, the upper end of which is adapted to be connected to a suction hose of approximately the same diameter, the lower part of which is a casing ( Surrounded by 4), a substantially annular gap (5) is defined between the lower part of the inner tube (3) and the casing (4). An axial direction in which at least one opening forming the upper inlet (2) is provided at the upper end of the casing (4) leading to the gap (5), the inlet (1) being at least partly open in the tube (3) The end portion is provided at the lower portion of the tube (3), and the casing (4) is opened in the axial direction of the tube (3).

Description

  The present invention relates to a dredger for dredging the seabed in a water magazine or the like. More specifically, the present invention includes two inlets or two sets of inlets, the first inlet or set of inlets being provided at or near the bottom of the dredger, and some deposits from the seabed. A second inlet or set of inlets provided vertically spaced from the first inlet or set of inlets and adapted to suck in only water Related to the dredge machine.

Background In many situations, it is desirable to remove deposits from submarine areas. It may be a port, a channel or an area of contaminated sediment. It may be desirable to deposit the deposit elsewhere in the water, and it may be more convenient to deposit the deposit on land, or after purification.

  In addition, there are water magazines mainly in countries where rivers contain a large amount of sediment, but the water magazine will eventually be filled with sediment to the point where water storage capacity is insufficient. Furthermore, if water containing deposits flows into the power plant, the deposits can affect stability, block the locks / barriers, etc., and cause undesirable turbine wear. Sediment can have forms ranging from large rocks and the like to very fine particle silt and clay.

  When drowning with a suction manifold, the manifold is placed in contact with the bottom sediment at a first predetermined location, and when the sediment is sucked in, a crater is formed at the bottom. Depending on how loose or compact the deposit is in the actual location, the deposit around the crater will eventually begin to fall into the crater as the crater becomes deeper and its walls become steeper . Occasionally, a large amount of deposits can fall into the crater without any forehead, resulting in clogging or clogging of the suction manifold.

  A particular type of suction manifold, called a sax head, has been proposed for the heel. The sax head is equipped with two inlets or two sets of inlets, the first inlet or set of inlets being provided at or near the bottom of the manifold so as to suck in sediments with some amount of water from the bottom. And a second inlet or set of inlets provided vertically spaced above the first inlet or set of inlets and adapted to suck in only water This is the first known example. This suction manifold is to a great extent self-regulating with respect to the concentration of the inhaled deposits, and therefore has the advantage that to a considerable degree the risk of clogging and reducing its efficiency is neglected. Have On the other hand, it is relatively bulky and has the disadvantage that the deposits must be carried while passing through the bend of the manifold, which may clog large particles. In addition, it is not particularly suitable for spot dredging.

  One particular problem is that seabed conditions vary widely and, in general, suction manifolds that work well with loose deposits do not work very well with more dense deposits. Therefore, the ability to adjust the breathability according to the state of the seabed is limited and is much better for sax heads than for conventional manifolds. The advantages of this manifold can be summarized as follows. If the deposits in the manifold and hose / tube are high in concentration, the velocity in the manifold will decrease and thus its suction power will also decrease. Therefore, in the next period, a relatively small amount of sediment and a relatively large amount of water are aspirated. Thereby, the concentration of deposits in the manifold and tube decreases, the speed increases and the suction force increases again. “Suction force” in this context refers to the relative negative pressure present at the manifold deposit.

  If there is a hard crust on the surface, the saxophone head is not well suited to access the looser deposits that penetrate it and are easier to inhale.

  Danish patent application 120070 describes a suction device for drowning submerged deposits, including a manifold with two inlets. A straight inner tube is surrounded by a substantially closed casing having two openings at its upper end into which water is injected from the surface under pressure. Near the lower end of the casing, there is an opening leading to the inner tube, and the length of the inner tube is adjustable. In operation, the manifold is forced into the deposit by use of excessive hydraulic pressure supplied, fluidizing the portion of the deposit close to the manifold, and then sucking / pumping the deposit with some amount of water. The disadvantage of this device is that it can be clogged and includes moving parts that require maintenance and a system for supplying water under pressure.

OBJECTIVE Therefore, the object of the present invention is largely self-regulating with respect to the concentration of the inhaled sediment, and is capable of handling large particles such as large diameter rocks without the risk of clogging the tube. Is to provide.

  A further object is to provide a suction manifold with the above properties that is relatively compact and easy to control by a remotely operated vehicle (ROV).

  A still further object is to provide a suction manifold as defined above that allows the dredging from the looser sediment layer below and below the generally consolidating upper layer to be carried out. Is to provide.

The above object is achieved by a suction manifold of the type described at the outset having the features defined by claim 1.

  Preferred embodiments of the invention are disclosed by the dependent claims.

  The difference with the known sax head is that the suction manifold of the present invention can penetrate a relatively compact deposit layer. At the same time, it is largely self-regulating and is followed by a period in which a relatively large amount of deposit is aspirated, followed by a period in which a relatively small amount of sludge is aspirated, resulting in a deposit concentration that fluctuates around normal levels. It also exhibits the preferred properties in common with sax heads.

  Thanks to its relatively compact design, the suction head of the present invention can be operated and controlled by the ROV, so it is easy to control and position with high accuracy. This is very important for some types of dredging situations, in other situations there may be no need for precision control. Thus, the suction manifold of the present invention is not generally superior to a sax head, but is better in situations where accuracy and operability are critical factors for dredging operations. An example would be implemented to expose specific objects or areas covered by deposits, such as water gates, pipes or other facilities used in connection with dam facilities or other facilities below sea level. It is.

  Although the detailed design of the suction manifold of the present invention can vary, the suction manifold is substantially straight and when connected to the suction pipe or suction hose, is mainly a straight axial extension of that pipe or hose. It is preferable to constitute a part.

  Furthermore, it is advantageous that the casing surrounding the inner tube and defining a gap around the inner tube has a simple and regular shape whose outer shape is substantially cylindrical. The internal spacing element or support element that holds the casing in a fixed position relative to the tube can be designed in many different ways. The same is true for the means for attaching the casing to the tube, which can include, for example, screws, bolts, rivets, adhesive means, welding, brazing or other means. The present invention is not limited to a particular method of providing such anchoring or spacing means for the casing.

  In fact, it is also possible to replace part of the casing with a specific tube etc. that is partly provided along the “inner” tube and thus does not surround the entire area from the upper inlet to the lower inlet It is. Such a solution is equivalent to the solution described herein as long as it is based on the same hydrodynamic principles as the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

  The casing is at its lower end, for example, close to the size of the cross section of the inner tube, possibly reinforced with walls or teeth and / or provided with walls or teeth suitable for crushing the consolidated deposit layer. By tapering down to the cross-section, a simple cylindrical shape can be shifted slightly. Furthermore, the lower edge of the casing is provided with an annular flange containing a nozzle connected to means for supplying water under pressure so as to allow high pressure flushing when it is difficult to penetrate the seabed. It may be provided.

  FIG. 1 shows a suction manifold of the present invention comprising an inner tube 3 and an outer casing 4 that define the inner and outer boundaries of an annular gap 5. An opening 1 having the same or substantially the same cross section as the tube 3 is provided in the lower part of the suction manifold. At the upper end of the casing 4, at least one opening 2 communicating with the gap 5 is provided. By adapting the vertical extension of the casing for proper use or application, it can be ensured that the opening 2 always sucks only water and that the opening 1 sucks sediment with some amount of water. At the upper end of the manifold, the tube 3 is connected to a suction hose 6 via which the deposits are carried for further processing or to be deposited elsewhere.

  FIG. 1b is a cross-sectional view of the suction manifold as viewed from line II in FIG. 1a. In the illustrated embodiment, there are four inlets 2 leading to the gap 5. The illustrated embodiment includes eight attachment members 8 that attach the casing 4 to the tube 3 and define the opening 2. The mounting member 8 may have a limited vertical extension, or may have an extension that completely or substantially coincides with the extension of the case so that the gap 5 is divided into a corresponding number of separate chambers. Also good. It is also an alternative to provide the support member far below rather than at the top end of the casing. In some cases, more or less than four support members are used.

  Usually, the cross-sectional areas of the gap 5 and the upper inlet 2 and the lower inlet 1 are determined by the relationship between the suction force and the amount of water entering the upper inlet 2, and are designed to determine the relationship.

  Figures 2a and 2b show an alternative embodiment of the suction manifold of the present invention. The difference is not significant, the upper area between the casing 4 and the tube 3 being partially closed by a “lid” 7 that restricts the opening 2 leading to the gap 5. Alternatively, the size of the opening 2 can be changed even during operation depending on the area used, and an alternative is to use a lid with a valve (not shown) provided to be remotely controlled. is there. Alternatively, the valve may be designed as a “safety valve” that opens when the negative pressure becomes sufficiently large.

  FIG. 3 shows further details of optional suction manifolds of the present invention. In this case, the lower edge of the casing 4 is provided with a special edge 9 which is particularly suitable for penetrating a hard deposit layer. Instead of a uniform edge, it is also possible to use teeth that can be replaced one by one or as a set when worn.

  Also, instead of or in addition to such edges or such teeth, in the same area of the suction manifold in order to loosen a particularly hard or compact deposit layer, deposits as shown in FIGS. 4a and 4b A nozzle 11 for high pressure flushing can also be provided. The nozzle can be provided in an annular flange 10 around the opening 1 and can be provided in such a way that the active water jet is directed axially relative to the tube 3 as indicated by the arrow in FIG. 4a. .

  FIG. 4 b shows the suction manifold of FIG. 4 a in an end view, with any number of nozzles 11 distributed around the annular flange 10 surrounding the opening 1. The structure of FIGS. 4a and 4b is generally somewhat more complex than the other embodiments shown because it includes means for supplying water under pressure at or near the suction manifold.

  The advantage of the device according to the invention is, among other things, that in its simplest form, it does not contain any moving parts and only operates on simple hydrodynamic principles. Also, depending on the purpose, it may not be necessary to supply pressurized water, although it may be advantageous to use pressurized water or mechanical devices to break up the compacted deposit mass.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention in an operating mode. It is the expanded sectional view which looked at the manifold of FIG. 1 from the II-II line. FIG. 4 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a different embodiment of the manifold of the present invention. It is the expanded sectional view which looked at the manifold of Drawing 2a from the II-II line. FIG. 6 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of yet another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of yet another embodiment of the present invention. 4b is an end view of the embodiment of FIG. 4a. FIG.

Claims (7)

A suction manifold for dredging, comprising two inlets or two sets of inlets (1, 2), the first lower inlet or inlet set (1) being provided at or near the lower end of the suction manifold And is adapted to suck in sediments with some amount of water from the bottom, with the second upper inlet or inlet set (2) vertically above the first inlet or inlet set (1) The inner tube (3) is located at a distance and is adapted to draw in only water and is adapted to carry water and sludge, with its upper end connected to a suction hose of approximately the same diameter The lower part of which is surrounded by the casing (4) and is substantially annular between the lower part of the inner tube (3) and the surrounding casing (4) (5). ) Is defined,
Suction manifold, characterized in that the gap (5) opens to the surrounding water through both the upper inlet or inlet set (2) and the lower inlet or inlet set (1).   The suction manifold of claim 1, wherein the suction manifold is substantially straight.   Suction manifold according to claim 1, wherein the enclosing casing (4) is substantially cylindrical.   2. A suction manifold according to claim 1, comprising means (10, 11) for high pressure external flushing at the lower inlet (1) of the suction manifold.   Suction manifold according to claim 1, comprising a rim (9) with teeth at its lower end for penetrating the compact deposit.   Suction manifold according to claim 1, wherein the upper opening (2) is provided with an adjustable valve. 2. A suction manifold according to claim 1, wherein the upper opening (2) is provided with a normally closed valve arranged to open when the negative pressure reaches a predetermined level.

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