JP2005349317A - Fluid mixer - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fluid mixer capable of mixing two fluids without using the energy of electricity or the like from the outside and a mechanical movable part. <P>SOLUTION: The fluid mixer is constituted so that the first jet orifice 11 of a first mixing nozzle 10 and the second jet orifice 21 of a second mixing nozzle 20 are arranged coaxially in opposed relationship, the first and second jet orifices 11 and 21 have an almost rectangular shape and the first fluid is ejected from the first jet orifice 11 while the second fluid is ejected from the second jet orifice 21 to mix first and second fluids in the space (mixture region MR) between the first and second jet orifices 11 and 21. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a fluid mixing apparatus, and more particularly to a fluid mixing apparatus that mixes gases, liquids, solid-gas two-phase flows, or gas and solid-gas two-phase flows.

Mixing of fluids such as gases or liquids can be performed using, for example, a Y-shaped fluid mixing device shown in FIG.
In the Y-shaped fluid mixing device, the first inlet 101 through which the first fluid 100 flows and the second inlet 111 through which the second fluid 110 flows are joined and mixed at the junction 120, and the first fluid 100 and the first fluid 100 are mixed. In this configuration, the mixture of the two fluids 110 is taken out from the outlet 130.

In the above Y-shaped fluid mixing device, even if the first fluid and the second fluid are allowed to flow simultaneously, they remain substantially separated without being mixed at the junction due to the influence of the physical properties of the fluid, the Reynolds number, etc. It may come out of the outlet and be difficult to mix uniformly.
Therefore, in order to mix the first fluid and the second fluid more uniformly, the inflow of the first fluid and the second fluid to the take-out port is mechanically controlled by using energy from the outside, and the fluid is uniformly mixed. There is a way. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 7, the first fluid and the second fluid are alternately introduced into the take-out port. By reducing the amount of fluid alternately flowing in, the first fluid and the second fluid can be mixed more uniformly.

By the way, in recent years, the importance of nanotechnology has been increasing, and nano-sized material technology has been developed. Nano-sized particles (hereinafter also referred to as nanoparticles) are fundamental technologies that support nanotechnology. Manufacturing technology is advancing rapidly.
As the application of nanoparticles, a wide variety of uses in various fields are being studied. In recent years, for example, the process of each layer material process such as reaction, coating, sintering, grinding, kneading, granulation, tableting and molding. In particular, technology using nanoparticles is attracting attention.

In particular, with the advancement of design and complexity, it is expected to develop a precision mixing technique that obtains a uniform uniform composition by mixing two or more kinds of manufactured substances and powders having different properties.
In particular, a great deal of attention has been focused on the development of technology that can perform the production from nanoparticle generation to mixing in an integrated dry process.

Here, in order to mix powders such as nanoparticles contained in the two fluids as described above and other two fluids, an external device such as a Y-shaped mixing device as shown in FIG. There is a need for a fluid mixing device that does not require energy such as electricity and does not have mechanical moving parts.
Shinjiro Yamamoto, Akira Nomoto, Tadao Kawashima, Nobuaki Nakado: Oscillation Phenomenon of Coaxial Opposing Collision Jet, Oil Pressure and Air Pressure (1975) pp 68-77

  The problem to be solved is that the mixing of powders such as nanoparticles contained in two fluids and the mixing of the other two fluids do not use external energy or other mechanical energy. It is difficult to mix uniformly without using a movable part.

  The fluid mixing apparatus of the present invention has a first mixing nozzle having a substantially rectangular first outlet and a second outlet having the same shape as the first outlet, and is coaxial with the first mixing nozzle. A second mixing nozzle provided oppositely, ejecting the first fluid from the first ejection port, ejecting the second fluid from the second ejection port, and the first ejection port and the second ejection port. The first fluid and the second fluid are mixed in a space therebetween.

In the fluid mixing device of the present invention, the first ejection port of the first mixing nozzle and the second ejection port of the second mixing nozzle are arranged coaxially facing each other.
The first ejection port and the second ejection port have the same substantially rectangular shape, the first fluid is ejected from the first ejection port, the second fluid is ejected from the second ejection port, and the first ejection port and the second ejection port are The first fluid and the second fluid are mixed in the space therebetween.

In the fluid mixing device of the present invention, preferably, the aspect ratio (b / a) of the short side length a and the long side length b of the substantially rectangular shape is 2.9 or more.
Preferably, the distance between the first mixing nozzle and the second mixing nozzle is 4 to 35 times the length of the short side of the substantially rectangular shape.

  In the fluid mixing apparatus of the present invention described above, preferably, the first mixing nozzle has a space in which the first fluid flows in the vicinity of the first ejection port toward the first ejection port. , Having a portion that has a tapered shape wider toward the upstream side farther from the first ejection port than the downstream side near the first ejection port, and the second mixing nozzle is in the vicinity of the second ejection port, A portion in which the space in which the second fluid flows toward the second ejection port has a tapered shape that is wider toward the upstream side farther from the second ejection port than the downstream side near the second ejection port. Have

The fluid mixing device of the present invention is preferably disposed in the long side direction of the substantially rectangular shape so as to face each other with a space between the first ejection port and the second ejection port interposed therebetween, The first fluid and the second fluid have a pair of partition plates that prevent the first fluid and the second fluid from diffusing in the long side direction of the substantially rectangular shape, and the length a of the short side of the substantially rectangular shape and the length of the long side The aspect ratio (b / a) of the thickness b is 1.4 or more.
More preferably, the distance between the pair of partition plates is substantially equal to the length of the long side of the substantially rectangular shape.

  The fluid mixing device of the present invention uses an oscillation phenomenon of a coaxial opposed collision jet to mix powders such as nanoparticles contained in two fluids and other two fluids from the outside. It is possible to mix without using energy such as electricity and without using a mechanical movable part.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of a fluid mixing apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

First Embodiment FIG. 1A is a schematic configuration diagram of a fluid mixing apparatus according to the present embodiment.
The first ejection port 11 of the first mixing nozzle 10 and the second ejection port 21 of the second mixing nozzle 20 are disposed so as to be coaxially opposed to each other.
The first ejection port 11 and the second ejection port 21 have the same substantially rectangular shape, the first fluid is ejected from the first ejection port 11 as the first jet 12, and the second fluid is ejected from the second ejection port 21. And the first fluid and the second fluid are mixed in a space (mixing region MR) between the first ejection port 11 and the second ejection port 21.

  The fluid mixing apparatus according to the present embodiment has a mixing nozzle in which a rectangular outlet for introducing two fluids is formed in the apparatus. Connected to the nozzle. The fluids ejected from the opposed ejection ports of the mixing nozzle become jets and collide with each other.

FIGS. 1B to 1D are schematic views illustrating a mechanism in which the first fluid and the second fluid are mixed. This mechanism utilizes the oscillation phenomenon of the coaxial opposed collision jet described in Non-Patent Document 1.
In these drawings, a relatively high pressure region is surrounded by a solid line, and a relatively low pressure region is surrounded by a broken line.

As shown in FIG. 1B, the first jet 12 of the first fluid is ejected from the first ejection port 11 of the first mixing nozzle 10 at the pressure P ₁ , while the second ejection port 21 of the second mixing nozzle 20 is ejected. the second jet flow 22 at a pressure P ₂ of the second fluid from the spouts.
At this time, in the space between the first outlet 11 and the second outlet 21, the first jet 12 and the second jet 22 collide as a jet.
By colliding with the first jet flow 12 and the second jet flow 22, the area of high pressure P _M is generated in the central portion of the space between the first ejecting port 11 and the second ejection holes 21, as a result, the first jet flow 12 The flow of the second jet 22 becomes unstable.

As shown in FIG. 1C, the first jet 12 and the second jet 22 whose flows are unstable as described above are deflected in opposite directions due to some disturbance. Since the deflection sides of the first jet 12 and the second jet 22 are low in pressure, the non-deflection side is high in pressure due to jet interference, and the collision surface is high in pressure. The deflection of the second jet 22 increases more and more.
When the deflection of the first jet 12 and the second jet 22 is increased, both jets pass each other. This passing surface becomes low pressure due to the entrainment of both jets.

  The above pressure drop reverses the pressure distribution in the direction perpendicular to the nozzle axis of the outlet (11, 21) of each nozzle, and draws the first jet 12 and the second jet 22 again to form a collision state. Since the pressure distribution is reversed in the direction perpendicular to the nozzle axis of the ejection port (11, 21) of each nozzle, the deflection of the first jet 12 and the second jet 22 is also reversed, as shown in FIG. It becomes a state.

  The process of reversing the pressure distribution and the deflection of the jet flow in the direction perpendicular to the nozzle axis of the nozzle outlet (11, 21) of each nozzle is repeated, and oscillation of the jet flow colliding with each other occurs coaxially. By continuing this oscillation, the first jet 12 and the second jet 22 can be mixed.

  The shapes of the first mixing nozzle 10 and the second mixing nozzle 20 suitable for mixing the first jet 12 and the second jet 22, the inter-nozzle distance, the number of strohals, and the like are determined by the type of fluid and the Reynolds number.

For example, although depending on the type of fluid to be mixed, the length a of the short side a of a substantially rectangular shape at the first ejection port 11 of the first mixing nozzle 10 and the second ejection port 21 of the second mixing nozzle 20. The aspect ratio (b / a) of the long side length b is preferably 2.9 or more. If it is less than 2.9, the mixing of the first jet 12 and the second jet 22 tends to be uneven, which is not preferable. Furthermore, it is preferable to set the aspect ratio to 4 to 6 because it can be more uniformly mixed.
Further, the distance between the first mixing nozzle and the second mixing nozzle is preferably 4 to 35 times the length of the short side of the substantially rectangular shape. If this distance is less than 4 times or more than 35 times, the mixing of the first jet 12 and the second jet 22 tends to be uneven, which is not preferable.

Furthermore, it arrange | positions in the long side direction of a substantially rectangular shape so that it may oppose on both sides of the space between the 1st ejection port 11 and the 2nd ejection port 21, and the 1st fluid and the 2nd fluid are long sides of a substantially rectangular shape Having a pair of partition plates (see, for example, partition plates 30 and 31 in FIG. 2) that prevent diffusion in the direction, and an aspect ratio of the short side length a and the long side length b of a substantially rectangular shape (B / a) is preferably 1.4 or more.
By providing the partition plate, the collided jet stream is likely to oscillate and can be mixed more uniformly. In this case, the range of the aspect ratio that can be uniformly mixed is wider than the above range. 4 or more. Even in this case, the aspect ratio is more preferably 2.9 or more, and further preferably 4 to 6.
Furthermore, it is more preferable that the distance between the pair of partition plates (30, 31) is substantially equal to the length of the long side of the substantially rectangular shape. As a result, the first jet 12 of the first fluid and the second jet 22 of the second fluid are prevented from diffusing in the long side direction of the substantially rectangular shape of each ejection port, and the effect of facilitating oscillation is enhanced. Can do.

  According to the fluid mixing device according to the above-described embodiment, by utilizing the oscillation phenomenon of the coaxial opposed collision jet, mixing gases or liquids without using energy such as electricity from the outside, Mixing can be performed without using mechanical moving parts.

Furthermore, for example, by mixing solid-gas two-phase flows in which powders such as nanoparticles are flowed into a gas jet, it is possible to precisely mix different material powders in the two jets. For example, in a supersonic free jet PVD apparatus, different types of materials can be uniformly vapor-deposited uniformly by mixing different types of nanoparticles obtained from an evaporation source and depositing them on a target substrate.
Further, it can be used as a microfluidic element of μ-TAS (micro-Total Analysis System).

  In addition, since the fluid mixing apparatus according to the present embodiment does not require a mechanical movable part, it can be formed into a compact shape with few restrictions on processing and dimensions, and can be installed in a narrow space.

Second Embodiment The present embodiment is a fluid mixing device that is a more specific example of the fluid mixing device according to the first embodiment.
Fig.2 (a) is a schematic block diagram of the fluid mixing apparatus which concerns on this embodiment. Moreover, FIG.2 (b) is the schematic diagram decomposed | disassembled and shown for every part, in order to show the structure of the fluid mixing apparatus shown to Fig.2 (a).
3A is a side view from the A direction of the fluid mixing apparatus of FIG. 2A, and FIG. 3B is a front view from the B direction.
4A is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC ′ of the fluid mixing apparatus shown in FIG. 2A, and FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view taken along the plane D.

A pair of a disk-shaped first mixing nozzle 10 provided with a substantially rectangular first ejection port 11 and a disk-shaped second mixing nozzle 20 provided with a substantially rectangular second ejection port 21. It connects so that it may bridge | crosslink with a partition plate (30, 31).
A space between the first ejection port 11 and the second ejection port 21 is a mixed region MR in which the first jet of the first fluid and the second jet of the second fluid are mixed.

  The first mixing nozzle 10, the second mixing nozzle 20, and the pair of partition plates (30, 31) are formed integrally, for example, using a wire cut electric discharge machine with NC, for example, from a material such as brass or stainless steel. Is formed. Or what was formed for every part, for example may be assembled.

When a pair of partition plates (30, 31) is provided as in the present embodiment, the shapes of the first ejection port 11 and the second ejection port 21 depend on the type of fluid to be mixed, but are short. As described above, the aspect ratio (b / a) between the side length a and the long side length b is preferably 1.4 or more, and more preferably 2.9 or more. More preferably, it is 4-6.
The inter-nozzle distance c between the first ejection port 11 of the first mixing nozzle 10 and the second ejection port 21 of the second mixing nozzle 20 is the type of fluid to be mixed, such as the first ejection port 11 and the second ejection port. The distance is preferably 4 to 35 times the length of the short side a of the substantially rectangular shape of the mouth 21 as described above.
For example, in the case of mixing powders such as nanoparticles contained in two gaseous fluids, the length a and the length of the short sides of the substantially rectangular shapes of the first ejection port 11 and the second ejection port 21 The aspect ratio (b / a) of the length b can be set to 4 and the distance between the nozzles can be set to about 16 times the length of the short side a having a substantially rectangular shape.

  The distance d between the pair of partition plates (30, 31) is substantially equal to the length b of the substantially rectangular long sides of the first ejection port 11 and the second ejection port 21.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which fluid is mixed using the fluid mixing apparatus according to the present embodiment.
For example, the first fluid supply pipe 40 is connected to the surface of the first mixing nozzle 10 opposite to the mixing region MR, while the second fluid supply is applied to the surface opposite to the mixing region MR of the second mixing nozzle 20. Connect the tube 41.
Here, the first fluid is supplied from the first fluid supply pipe 40 and the second fluid is supplied from the second fluid supply pipe 41. The first fluid becomes a first jet 12 and jets from the first outlet 11 to the mixing region MR, and the second fluid becomes a second jet 22 and jets from the second jet 21 to the mixing region MR, Due to the oscillation phenomenon of the coaxial opposed collision jet, the first fluid and the second fluid are mixed in the mixing region MR.
The mixed fluid (50, 51) flows out from the opening (32, 33) facing the mixing region MR to the outside of the mixing region MR. For example, the mixed fluid (50, 51) further flows as a joined fluid 52. Used for the desired purpose.

Here, the pressure of the fluid supplied through the first fluid supply pipe 40 and the second fluid supply pipe 41 and the pressure in the mixing region before each fluid is ejected depend on the type of the fluid, but the first fluid and the first fluid Set so that the two fluids mix sufficiently uniformly.
For example, when the pressure in the mixing region before each fluid is ejected is atmospheric pressure (0.1 MPa), the pressure of the fluid supplied through the first fluid supply pipe 40 and the second fluid supply pipe 41 is 1.1 MPa, and the ejection port The pressure ratio at the upstream and downstream of can be set to 11.
Further, for example, when the pressure in the mixing region before each fluid is ejected is reduced from the atmospheric pressure, the pressure of the fluid supplied through the first fluid supply pipe 40 and the second fluid supply pipe 41 is 60 to 90 kPa, The pressure in the mixing region before jetting out the gas can be set to 0.5 to 2 kPa, and the pressure ratio between the upstream and the downstream of the jetting port can be set to about 45, for example.

The mixing state of the first fluid and the second fluid can be confirmed by, for example, observing pressure vibration in the mixing region of the fluid mixing device.
Further, when the supersonic free jet PVD apparatus is used as an apparatus for mixing different kinds of nanoparticles obtained from an evaporation source, the first fluid and the second fluid are measured by measuring the uniformity of the deposited film. The status of fluid mixing can be confirmed.

  Similar to the first embodiment, according to the fluid mixing apparatus according to the present embodiment, the mixing of gases or liquids is performed using the oscillation phenomenon of the coaxial opposed collision jet, and electricity from the outside is used. It is possible to mix without using the energy of the above and without using any mechanical moving parts.

Third Embodiment FIG. 6A is a schematic configuration diagram of a fluid mixing apparatus according to this embodiment, and FIG. 6B is a schematic cross-sectional view.
The first mixing nozzle 10 and the second mixing nozzle 20 are in the vicinity of the first ejection port 11 and the second ejection port 21 and directed toward the first ejection port 11 and the second ejection port 21. The width of the space through which the gas flows is tapered so that the upstream side farther from the first ejection port 11 and the second ejection port 21 is wider than the downstream side near the first ejection port 11 and the second ejection port 21. Other than this, the configuration is the same as that of the fluid mixing apparatus according to the first embodiment.

  The fluid mixing device according to the present embodiment increases the jet velocity of the first jet 12 and the second jet 22 ejected from the first mixing nozzle 10 and the second mixing nozzle 20, and more uniformly mixes the first fluid and the second fluid. Can be made.

The present invention is not limited to the above description.
For example, it is preferable that a pair of partition plates for preventing the first fluid and the second fluid from diffusing from the mixing region in the long side direction of the substantially rectangular shape of each ejection port is not necessarily provided. May be.
The fluids to be mixed can be applied to various fluids such as gases, liquids, or solid-gas two-phase flows.
In addition, various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

  The fluid mixing device of the present invention can be applied to a device that mixes gas or liquids, and also solid-gas two-phase flows in which powders such as nanoparticles are flowed into a gas jet, such as supersonic free jet PVD. The present invention can be applied to an apparatus for mixing different kinds of nanoparticles obtained from an evaporation source in the apparatus.

Fig.1 (a) is a schematic block diagram of the fluid mixing apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment, FIG.1 (b)-(d) is a schematic diagram explaining the mechanism in which a 1st fluid and a 2nd fluid mix. It is. FIG. 2A is a schematic configuration diagram of a fluid mixing apparatus according to the second embodiment, and FIG. 2B is an exploded view of each part to show the structure of the fluid mixing apparatus shown in FIG. It is the schematic diagram shown. 3A is a side view from the A direction of the fluid mixing apparatus of FIG. 2A, and FIG. 3B is a front view from the B direction. 4A is a cross-sectional view taken along the line C-C ′ of the fluid mixing apparatus shown in FIG. 2A, and FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view taken along the plane D. Figure 2 FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a state in which fluid is mixed using the fluid mixing apparatus according to the second embodiment. Fig.6 (a) is a schematic block diagram of the fluid mixing apparatus based on 3rd Embodiment, FIG.6 (b) is a schematic cross section. FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a Y-shaped fluid mixing apparatus according to a conventional example.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... 1st mixing nozzle 11 ... 1st ejection port 12 ... 1st jet 20 ... 2nd mixing nozzle 21 ... 2nd ejection port 22 ... 2nd jet 30, 31 ... Partition plate 32, 33 ... Opening 40 ... 1st Fluid supply pipe 41 ... Second fluid supply pipe 50,51 ... Mixed fluid 52 ... Merging fluid 100 ... First fluid 101 ... First inlet 110 ... Second fluid 111 ... Second inlet 120 ... Merging section 130 ... Outlet MR ... Mixed area

Claims (6)

A first mixing nozzle having a substantially rectangular first outlet;
A second ejection nozzle having the same shape as the first ejection opening, and a second mixing nozzle provided coaxially facing the first mixing nozzle;
The first fluid is ejected from the first ejection port, the second fluid is ejected from the second ejection port, and the first fluid and the second fluid are discharged in a space between the first ejection port and the second ejection port. Mixing Fluid mixing device. The fluid mixing device according to claim 1, wherein an aspect ratio (b / a) between the length “a” of the short side and the length “b” of the long side of the substantially rectangular shape is 2.9 or more. The fluid mixing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a distance between the first mixing nozzle and the second mixing nozzle is a distance of 4 to 35 times a length of a short side of the substantially rectangular shape. In the first mixing nozzle, the space of the first fluid flowing toward the first ejection port in the vicinity of the first ejection port is larger than the downstream side close to the first ejection port. It has a portion that has a taper shape that is wider toward the upstream side from one outlet,
In the second mixing nozzle, in the vicinity of the second ejection port, the space in which the second fluid flows toward the second ejection port is larger than the downstream side close to the second ejection port. The fluid mixing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the fluid mixing apparatus has a portion having a tapered shape that is wider toward the upstream side farther from the two ejection openings. The first fluid and the second fluid are arranged in the long side direction of the substantially rectangular shape so as to face each other with a space between the first ejection port and the second ejection port interposed therebetween. Having a pair of partition plates that prevent diffusion in the long side direction,
The fluid mixing device according to claim 1, wherein an aspect ratio (b / a) between the length “a” of the short side and the length “b” of the long side of the substantially rectangular shape is 1.4 or more. The fluid mixing device according to claim 5, wherein a distance between the pair of partition plates is substantially equal to a length of a long side of the substantially rectangular shape.

Images