JP2005343337A - Floating structure and hydrofoil structure - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a floating structure capable of reliably performing fixed-point anchoring at low cost, and a hydrofoil used for the floating structure. <P>SOLUTION: The hydrofoil structure 103 has an annular shape when viewed from the water surface side, and a foil trailing edge Eb is formed on the inner circumferential side. A columnar floating body 101 is arranged at the center of the annular hydrofoil 103 so that the longitudinal direction thereof is orthogonal to the water surface, and connected to the hydrofoil structure 103 by a connection part 104 in this situation. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to, for example, a floating structure floating in the ocean or the like and a hydrofoil structure used in the floating structure.

  Conventionally, a wave propulsion ship that converts wave energy into a propulsion force of a hull has been proposed (for example, Patent Document 1). As shown in FIG. 9, this wave propulsion ship is provided with a hydrofoil 20 that converts wave force into propulsion at the tip of the hull 10. As shown in FIG. 10, the hydrofoil 20 generates lift Fl due to a difference in fluid velocity generated between the upper surface and the lower surface of the hydrofoil 20. The horizontal component of the lift force Fl is the propulsive force Ft facing the wave traveling direction Dw. Further, the propulsive force Ft can be further increased by swinging the hydrofoil 20 in response to the wave force. Therefore, the wave propulsion ship shown in FIG. 9 not only does not cause a decrease in the ship speed in the direction of the wave, but also increases the speed in the wave by obtaining the propulsive force Ft. The hydrofoil 20 described above also has an effect of attenuating the shaking of the ship in the waves and preventing an increase in propulsion resistance in the waves.

By the way, the above-mentioned floating structure floating in the ocean receives a wave drifting force due to the waves and is washed away with the waves. For this reason, it is necessary to moor a fixed point at sea. Conventionally, as a method of mooring at a fixed point, a method using an anchor and a mooring line, or a method using a dynamic positioning system (DPS) is considered. However, in the method using anchors and mooring lines, a large force acts on the mooring lines and the mooring reliability is low. Moreover, there is a problem that it is not suitable for a place where the promotion is deep. Further, the method using DPS has a problem in terms of cost because it is necessary to detect the position of the floating structure and to input energy by the amount deviated from the fixed point to prevent drifting.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-220082

  Therefore, the present invention pays attention to the above-described problems, and provides a floating structure capable of anchoring at a fixed point at a low cost and a hydrofoil structure used for the floating structure. Let it be an issue.

  The invention according to claim 1, which has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, includes a hydrofoil structure having a blade function that generates a propulsive force toward a wave when receiving a wave force. It exists in things.

  According to the invention described in claim 1, mooring using a DPS is performed by generating propulsive force toward the waves, in other words, converting wave energy into propulsive force toward the waves, by the blade function of the hydrofoil structure. Thus, even if energy other than wave energy is not input, propulsive force toward the wave can be generated.

  The invention according to claim 2 is the floating structure according to claim 1, wherein the hydrofoil structure is annular as viewed from the water upper side, and the blade leading edge on the outer peripheral side and the blade on the inner peripheral side. The floating body structure is characterized in that a shape corresponding to the trailing edge is formed.

  The invention according to claim 13 is a hydrofoil structure having a blade function that generates a propulsive force toward the wave when receiving wave force, and is annular when viewed from the water side, and has a blade on the outer peripheral side. The hydrofoil structure is characterized in that a shape corresponding to the trailing edge of the blade is formed on the front edge and the inner peripheral side.

  According to the inventions of claims 2 and 13, the hydrofoil structure is annular when viewed from the water upper side, and a shape corresponding to the blade leading edge on the outer peripheral side and the blade trailing edge on the inner peripheral side is formed. ing. Therefore, if there is a wing function that generates propulsive force in the direction from the trailing edge of the wing to the leading edge of the wing by wave force, the wave drifting force is applied to the upstream portion of the hydrofoil in the direction of wave travel. Propulsive force in the direction of canceling out is generated. On the other hand, propulsive force in the same direction as wave drift force is generated in the portion downstream of the wave traveling direction, but most of the wave force is absorbed by the portion upstream in the wave traveling direction. The wave force reaching the downstream portion is small and the propulsive force generated is also small. Therefore, the propulsive force generation performance by the upstream portion of the wave traveling direction is higher than that of the downstream side, and the propulsive force that cancels the wave drifting force as a whole, regardless of which traveling direction the wave traveling direction is 360 degrees, In other words, it is possible to obtain a driving force toward the waves.

  The invention according to claim 3 is the floating structure according to claim 2, wherein the floating structure is a columnar floating body that is disposed through the center of the annular hydrofoil structure so that the longitudinal direction is perpendicular to the water surface. And a first connecting part for connecting the floating body and the hydrofoil structure to support the hydrofoil structure.

  According to the invention described in claim 3, the columnar floating body is arranged at the center of the annular hydrofoil structure so that the longitudinal direction is perpendicular to the water surface. A 1st connection part connects a floating body and a hydrofoil structure, and supports a hydrofoil structure. Accordingly, the hydrofoil structure can be easily attached to the floating structure having a columnar floating body whose longitudinal direction is perpendicular to the water surface.

  The invention according to claim 4 is the floating structure according to claim 3, wherein the hydrofoil structure is formed with a notch that penetrates from the outer periphery to the inner periphery. Exist.

  According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, by providing the notch, the columnar floating body at the center of the annular hydrofoil structure can be easily approached by using a ship or the like through the notch.

  The invention according to claim 5 is the floating structure according to claim 4, wherein the hydrofoil structure is provided with a movable part, and the notch is formed when the movable part is moved. It exists in the floating structure.

  According to invention of Claim 5, when the movable part provided in the hydrofoil structure is moved, the notch part is formed. Therefore, if the notch is formed by moving the movable part only during maintenance, it normally functions as an annular hydrofoil, and the propulsion cancels the wave drifting force as a whole regardless of the traveling direction of the wave. The power, that is, the driving force toward the wave can be obtained.

  A sixth aspect of the present invention is the floating structure according to any one of the third to fifth aspects, wherein the first connecting portion is connected to the floating body so that the hydrofoil structure can swing. It exists in the floating structure characterized by being.

  According to invention of Claim 6, a 1st connection part connects a hydrofoil structure with respect to a floating body so that rocking | fluctuation is possible. Therefore, the hydrofoil structure swings in the waves, and a greater driving force can be obtained.

  The invention according to claim 7 is the floating structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein in the hydrofoil structure, the trailing edge of the blade is swingable vertically with respect to the leading edge of the blade. It exists in the floating body structure characterized by being formed in this.

  According to the invention described in claim 7, the blade trailing edge is formed so as to be swingable in the vertical direction with respect to the blade leading edge. Therefore, when the wave is generated, the trailing edge of the wing swings, and a larger driving force can be obtained.

  The invention according to claim 8 is the floating structure according to claim 7, wherein the hydrofoil structure has at least the blade trailing edge formed of an elastic member. .

  According to the eighth aspect of the present invention, it is possible to easily swing the blade trailing edge simply by forming the blade trailing edge with the elastic member.

  The invention according to claim 9 is the floating structure according to claim 7, wherein the hydrofoil structure includes an annular portion formed in an annular shape and elastic fins formed on an inner periphery of the annular portion. It exists in the floating structure characterized by this.

  In the invention according to claim 9, elastic fins are formed on the inner periphery of the annular portion. Therefore, the annular part and the elastic fin can give the same performance as the blade-shaped hydrofoil structure as a whole, and it is easier than simply providing the elastic fin on the inner periphery of the annular part as compared with the case of the wing shape. It can be made into a simple shape.

  The invention according to claim 10 is the floating structure according to claim 7, wherein the hydrofoil structure has the blade trailing edge side and the blade leading edge side of the blade trailing edge side with respect to the blade leading edge side. A floating structure characterized by comprising a second connecting portion that is swingably connected.

  According to the invention described in claim 10, the blade trailing edge is attached to the blade leading edge so as to be swingable by the second connecting portion. Therefore, even if the hydrofoil structure is formed of a rigid member by the second connecting portion, the blade trailing edge can be easily swung.

  The invention according to claim 11 is the floating structure according to claim 10, wherein the hydrofoil structure is formed in a polygonal ring shape when viewed from the water side, and is formed on one side of the polygon. The wing trailing edge side is swingably connected by the second connecting portion independently of the other sides.

  According to invention of Claim 11, it is formed in the polygonal cyclic | annular form seeing from the water upper side. The blade trailing edge side formed on one side of the polygonal shape is swingably connected by the second connecting portion independently of the other sides. According to the above configuration, the hydrofoil structure can be easily formed with the rigid member.

  The invention according to claim 12 is the floating structure according to any one of claims 1 to 11, further comprising an elastic mooring line for mooring, and the elastic mooring line has an adjustable elastic coefficient. The floating structure according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the floating structure is moored by an elastic mooring line, and the elastic coefficient is adjustable. Exist.

  According to the invention described in claim 12, the elastic coefficient of the elastic mooring line can be adjusted. Therefore, the amplitude of the floating body can be adjusted so that the propulsive force that cancels the wave drifting force becomes the highest.

  As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the propulsive force toward the wave is generated by the blade performance of the hydrofoil, in other words, the wave energy is converted into the propulsive force toward the wave, so that the DPS Because it is possible to generate a propulsive force toward the wave even if energy other than wave energy is not input, such as mooring using a floating structure, a floating structure that can perform fixed-point mooring inexpensively and reliably You can get things.

  According to the inventions of claims 2 and 13, since it is possible to obtain a propulsive force that counteracts the wave drift force as a whole, that is, a propulsive force toward the wave, regardless of which direction the traveling direction of the wave is 360 degrees, It is possible to obtain a floating structure that can reliably perform fixed-point mooring.

  According to invention of Claim 3, the floating body structure which can attach a hydrofoil structure easily to the floating body structure which has a columnar floating body whose longitudinal direction is perpendicular | vertical to a water surface can be obtained.

  According to the invention described in claim 4, by providing the notch portion, if it passes through the notch portion, the columnar floating body at the center of the annular hydrofoil can be easily approached by using a ship or the like. Even if the structure is attached, a floating structure that can easily maintain the floating body can be obtained.

  According to the invention of claim 5, if the movable part is moved only at the time of maintenance to form the cutout part, it normally functions as an annular hydrofoil, and the traveling direction of the wave is 360 degrees in any traveling direction, As a whole, it is possible to obtain a floating structure that can obtain a propulsive force that counteracts the wave drift force, that is, a propulsive force toward the wave.

  According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the hydrofoil structure can be swung up and down in the waves to obtain a larger propulsive force. Therefore, the floating structure that can perform fixed-point mooring more reliably. Can be obtained.

  According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, when a wave is generated, the trailing edge of the wing swings and a larger propulsive force can be obtained, so that a floating structure that can perform fixed-point mooring more reliably is obtained. Can do.

  According to the eighth aspect of the present invention, it is possible to obtain a floating structure that can easily swing the blade trailing edge simply by forming the blade trailing edge with the elastic member.

  According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, the annular portion and the elastic fin can provide the same performance as the blade-shaped hydrofoil structure as a whole, and the inner periphery of the annular portion can be compared with the case of the blade shape. Since it can be set as the simple shape which provided only the elastic fin, the floating body structure which aimed at the cost reduction can be obtained.

  According to the tenth aspect of the present invention, it is possible to obtain a floating structure capable of easily swinging the blade trailing edge even if the hydrofoil structure is formed of a rigid member by the second connecting portion.

  According to invention of Claim 11, it can form easily with a rigid member and a hydrofoil structure can be obtained.

  According to the twelfth aspect of the invention, since the amplitude of the floating body can be adjusted so that the propulsive force that cancels the wave drifting force becomes the highest, a floating body structure that can perform fixed-point mooring reliably is obtained. Can do.

First Embodiment Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a floating structure incorporating the hydrofoil of the present invention in the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the floating structure in FIG. 1 taken along line II. As shown in the figure, the floating structure 100 includes a columnar floating body 101 that floats perpendicularly to the water surface, and a board-shaped deck 102 that is supported by the floating body 101.

  The floating structure 100 includes a hydrofoil structure 103 that is annular when viewed from the water side and in which a blade trailing edge Eb (see FIG. 2) is formed on the inner peripheral side. As shown in FIG. 2, the hydrofoil structure 103 is formed of an elastic member that is formed in a streamline shape from the blade leading edge Ef to the blade trailing edge Eb and is softly deformed as a whole. The edge Eb swings in the vertical direction.

  The hydrofoil structure 103 is connected to the floating body 101 by the connecting portion 104 (first connecting portion) with the floating body 101 penetrating through the center of the annular hydrofoil structure 103, and is thereby supported by the floating body 101. Is done. The floating structure 100 having the above-described configuration is moored on the seabed, for example, using a mooring line 200.

  The blade function of the hydrofoil structure 103 configured as described above will be described. As shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the hydrofoil structure 103 swings in the vertical direction by wave force. When the blade trailing edge Eb of the hydrofoil structure 103 swings upward, it has the same performance as the blade shape shown by the one-dot chain line in FIG. On the other hand, when the blade trailing edge Eb of the hydrofoil structure 103 swings downward, it has the same performance as the blade shape shown by the alternate long and short dash line in FIG.

  When the wave is generated, in the blade shape indicated by the alternate long and short dash line, the distance between the upper surface and the lower surface between the blade trailing edge Eb and the blade leading edge Ef causes a difference between the water flowing on the blade upper surface and the water flowing on the blade lower surface. A difference in density occurs. Further, the propulsive force Ft from the blade trailing edge Eb toward the blade leading edge Ef is the horizontal component of the lift force Fl generated due to the height difference, regardless of whether the blade trailing edge Eb is above or below. It is supposed to occur. The propulsive force Ft from the blade trailing edge Eb toward the blade leading edge Ef is also generated by swinging the blade trailing edge Eb and pushing water toward the blade trailing edge Eb.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, when the hydrofoil structure 103 described above is submerged in the water, the wave drift force Fw is canceled in a portion of the hydrofoil structure 103 on the upstream side of the wave traveling direction Dw. The propulsive force Ft1 is generated. On the other hand, in the hydrofoil structure 103, a propulsive force Ft2 that is in the same direction as the wave drift force Fw and that promotes the wave drift is generated in a portion downstream of the wave traveling direction Dw.

  However, since most of the wave force is absorbed by the portion on the upstream side in the traveling direction Dw, the wave force reaching the portion on the downstream side is small, and the generated propulsive force Ft2 is also small. For this reason, the propulsive force generation performance by the portion on the upstream side of the wave traveling direction Dw is higher than that on the downstream side, and as a whole, the propulsive force that cancels the wave drift force Fw can be generated.

  According to the floating structure having the above configuration, the wave energy can be converted into a propulsive force that cancels the wave drift force Fw (= propulsive force toward the wave) by the blade performance of the hydrofoil structure 103. This makes it possible to generate a propulsive force that cancels the wave drifting force Fw without inputting energy other than wave energy as in mooring using a conventional DPS. Mooring can be performed. In addition, since the hydrofoil structure 103 is formed in an annular shape, a propulsive force that cancels the wave drift force Fw as a whole can be obtained regardless of the direction in which the wave travels at 360 degrees. Can be moored. The hydrofoil structure 103 described above also works to reduce the vertical movement of the floating structure 10 in the waves.

  Furthermore, by forming the hydrofoil structure 103 described above in an annular shape when viewed from the water side, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the columnar floating body 101 is disposed through the center of the annular hydrofoil structure 103. Thus, if the floating body 101 and the hydrofoil structure 103 are connected using the connecting portion 104, the hydrofoil structure 103 can be easily attached to the columnar floating body 101 whose longitudinal direction is perpendicular to the water surface. Further, as described above, the hydrofoil structure 103 is formed of an elastic member, and the blade trailing edge Eb is swung with respect to the blade leading edge Ef, whereby a large propulsive force can be obtained with a simple configuration.

  In the first embodiment described above, the entire hydrofoil structure 103 is formed of a soft elastic member. However, for example, the same effect can be obtained by forming only the blade trailing edge Eb side with an elastic member and forming the blade leading edge Ef side with a rigid member.

  Moreover, as the hydrofoil structure 103 mentioned above, as shown in sectional drawing of FIG. 4, it is comprised from the cyclic | annular part 103a of cross-sectional substantially ellipse shape, and the fin 103b provided along the inner periphery of this cyclic | annular part 103a. You may be made to do. Further, by providing elasticity to a part of the connecting portion 104, the hydrofoil structure 103 is supported so as to be swingable as shown by the one-dot chain line in FIG. It may be possible to obtain With the simple configuration such as the annular portion 103a and the fin 103b, the same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained.

  Moreover, as the hydrofoil structure 103 mentioned above, as shown in sectional drawing of FIG. 5, the simple structure which provided the fin 103b in the annular part 103a inner periphery with a circular cross section may be sufficient. Even if the coupling portion 104 does not swing up and down, if the thrust force Ft for canceling the wave drift force Fw can be obtained only by the movement of the fin 103b, it is fixed and connected to the floating body 101 as in the first embodiment. May be. Furthermore, it is conceivable that the connecting portion 104 that is connected so as to be able to swing is also applied to the elastic hydrofoil structure 103 as shown in FIG.

  Moreover, it is also conceivable to use a spring (elastic member) as the mooring line 200 described above and to further adjust the spring constant (elastic constant). In this case, by adjusting the spring constant of the mooring line 200, the amplitude of the floating body 101 due to the waves can be adjusted so that the propulsive force Ft for canceling the wave drift force Fw becomes the highest.

Second Embodiment Also, in the first embodiment described above, the hydrofoil structure 103 is formed in a circular shape when viewed from the water. However, the present invention is not limited to this shape, and may be a polygonal shape such as a hexagon as shown in FIG. By the way, when it is necessary to form the hydrofoil structure 103 with a highly rigid material, as shown in FIG. 6, for example, the blade trailing edge side 103c and the blade leading edge side 103d are connected to a connecting portion 103e (second connecting portion). ), The blade trailing edge side 103c is slidably connected to the blade leading edge side 103d to swing the blade trailing edge. However, it is difficult to apply the rigid hydrofoil structure 103 having such rigidity to the annular hydrofoil structure 103 as shown in FIG.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, it is conceivable that the blade trailing edge side 103c formed on one side of the polygonal shape can be swung by the connecting portion 103e independently of the other side. In FIG. 6, only one side can be swung by the connecting portion 103e, but all the sides may be swung by the connecting portion 103e. If comprised in this way, a hydrofoil can be easily formed with a rigid member.

Third Embodiment Further , as shown in FIG. 7, the hydrofoil structure 103 may be formed with a notch 103f penetrating from the outer periphery to the inner periphery. According to the above configuration, the floating body 101 located at the center of the annular hydrofoil 103 can be approached by the ship S through the notch 103f, and the maintenance of the floating body 101 is simplified. It is also conceivable that a movable part that can be raised or lowered is formed on the hydrofoil structure 103, and a notch 103f is formed when the movable part is raised or lowered. In this case, if the movable portion is moved only during maintenance to form the cutout portion 103f, it can function normally as the annular hydrofoil structure 103.

Fourth Embodiment Also, as shown in FIG. 8, when the deck 102 is supported by a plurality of floating bodies 101, it is conceivable to attach a hydrofoil structure 103 to each floating body 101.

It is a perspective view which shows the floating body structure incorporating the hydrofoil of this invention in 1st Embodiment. It is the II sectional view taken on the line of the floating structure of FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the force which acts on the hydrofoil structure 103 shown in FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the hydrofoil structure 103. FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the hydrofoil structure 103. FIG. It is sectional drawing and the fragmentary sectional view of the floating body structure incorporating the hydrofoil of the present invention in a 2nd embodiment. It is sectional drawing of the floating body structure incorporating the hydrofoil of this invention in 3rd Embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the floating body structure incorporating the hydrofoil of this invention in 4th Embodiment. It is a figure which shows an example of the conventional wave propulsion ship. It is a figure for demonstrating the force which acts on the hydrofoil 20 shown in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 Floating structure 101 Floating body 103 Hydrofoil structure 104 Connection part (1st connection part)
103a annular portion 103b fin 103c blade trailing edge side 103d blade leading edge side 103e connecting portion (second connecting portion)
103f Notch 200 Mooring line Ef Wing leading edge Eb Wing trailing edge

Claims (13)

  A floating structure characterized by having a hydrofoil structure with a wing function that generates propulsive force toward the wave when receiving wave force. The floating structure according to claim 1,
The hydrofoil structure is annular when viewed from the water side, and has a shape corresponding to a blade leading edge on the outer peripheral side and a blade trailing edge on the inner peripheral side. The floating structure according to claim 2,
In the center of the annular hydrofoil structure, a columnar floating body arranged penetrating so that the longitudinal direction is perpendicular to the water surface;
A floating structure, further comprising a first connecting portion that connects the floating body and the hydrofoil structure to support the hydrofoil structure. A floating structure according to claim 3,
The hydrofoil structure is formed with a notch that penetrates from the outer periphery to the inner periphery. The floating structure according to claim 4,
The hydrofoil structure is provided with a movable part, and the notch is formed when the movable part is moved. A floating structure according to any one of claims 3 to 5,
The first connecting portion is connected to the floating body so that the hydrofoil structure is swingably connected to the floating body. The floating structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
In the hydrofoil structure, the trailing edge of the blade is formed to be swingable in the vertical direction with respect to the leading edge of the blade. The floating structure according to claim 7,
The floating wing structure is characterized in that at least the wing trailing edge is formed of an elastic member. The floating structure according to claim 7,
The hydrofoil structure includes an annular portion formed in an annular shape and elastic fins formed on the inner periphery of the annular portion. The floating structure according to claim 7,
The hydrofoil structure includes a second connecting portion that connects the blade trailing edge side and the blade leading edge side so that the blade trailing edge side can swing with respect to the blade leading edge side. Floating structure. The floating structure according to claim 10,
The hydrofoil structure is formed in a polygonal ring shape when viewed from the water side,
The floating structure according to claim 1, wherein the blade trailing edge side formed on one side of the polygonal shape is swingably connected by the second connecting portion independently of the other side. The floating structure according to any one of claims 1 to 11,
Further comprising an elastic mooring line for mooring,
The elastic mooring line is a floating structure characterized in that the elastic coefficient is adjustable. It is a hydrofoil structure with a wing function that generates propulsive force toward the wave when it receives wave force,
A hydrofoil structure that is annular when viewed from the water side, and has a shape corresponding to a blade leading edge on the outer peripheral side and a blade trailing edge on the inner peripheral side.

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