JP2005338126A - Device, method, and program for editing musical performance data - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a system capable of effectively re-editing MIDI data in accordance with speaker characteristics. <P>SOLUTION: A play data editing device comprises a dividing unit 301 which divides the MIDI data into MIDI message groups by channels, a classifying unit 302 which classifies the MIDI message group by rhythm parts, melody parts, or base parts, a chord processing section 303 which converts a number of chords for the MIDI message group corresponding to the melody parts according to the speaker characteristics, a velocity processing unit 304 which converts a velocity of the MIDI message group corresponding to the rhythm parts according to the speaker characteristics, and a sound range processing unit 305 which shifts a sound range of the MIDI message group corresponding to the base part according to the speaker characteristics. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a technique for editing performance data such as MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface). More specifically, the present invention relates to a technique for automatically changing performance data in accordance with speaker characteristics such as a melody playback device.

  A mobile communication terminal such as a mobile phone usually has a melody playback function. The most typical use of the melody playback function is a notification sound when receiving a call or e-mail. In addition, portable communication terminals that can perform melody playback for music appreciation are already known.

  Many mobile communication terminals employ MIDI as a standard for melody playback. MIDI is a technology that does not convert sound itself into data, but converts musical performance information into data. For example, if the instrument is a keyboard, perform actions such as "press the key with your finger", "release your finger from the keyboard", "depress the pedal with your foot", "release your foot from the pedal", "change the tone" Is converted into data. Performance data corresponding to the MIDI standard is referred to as MIDI data.

  MIDI data can be created using a personal computer, a MIDI device, or the like. For example, MIDI data can be obtained by editing information input using a MIDI keyboard with a personal computer.

  MIDI data can be reproduced by a general audio system or the like, or can be reproduced by a portable communication terminal. However, when MIDI data created for an audio system is played back on a portable communication terminal, the sound quality often deteriorates. This is because many portable communication terminals have a very small speaker size. A normal mobile communication terminal is equipped with a very small speaker having a diameter of less than 1 centimeter, for example. In general, a small speaker has a characteristic that a low-frequency gain is smaller than a high-frequency gain. Depending on the type of musical instrument, it may be difficult to hear with a small speaker. Therefore, when MIDI data for a large speaker is reproduced on a portable communication terminal, it is necessary to re-edit the MIDI data.

  A technique for re-editing MIDI data has already been disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2 below, for example.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for re-editing MIDI data in accordance with a difference between a musical instrument used and a characteristic of a sound source. In this technique, MIDI data is re-edited using a volume conversion table in which a correspondence between a set volume value and an audible volume value is described for each instrument (see paragraphs 0013 to 0020 of Patent Document 1). However, the technique of Patent Document 1 is a technique for adjusting the volume balance based on the difference between sound sources, and therefore, adjustments other than the volume cannot be performed. For this reason, even if it is applied to a technique for re-editing the large speaker MIDI data into the small speaker MIDI data, a sufficient effect cannot be obtained.

Patent Document 2 discloses a technique for adding accompaniment information to existing performance data. In this technique, a central processing unit (CPU) detects a chord in performance data using a chord table, and an automatic accompaniment apparatus generates accompaniment information corresponding to the detected chord (paragraph 0023 of Patent Document 2). , 0026 etc.). However, the problem of the small speaker as described above cannot be solved by adding accompaniment.
JP 2002-258841 A JP-A-6-295179

  An object of the present invention is to provide a performance data editing apparatus, a performance data editing method, and a performance data editing program for preventing deterioration in reproduction sound quality due to differences in speaker characteristics.

(1) The first invention relates to a performance data editing apparatus for converting performance data into performance data corresponding to predetermined speaker characteristics.
A decomposition unit that decomposes the performance data into performance data for each channel, a classification unit that classifies the performance data obtained by the decomposition unit into a rhythm part, a melody part, or a base part, and a target corresponding to the melody part. A chord processing unit that converts the number of chords of the disassembled performance data according to speaker characteristics, a velocity processing unit that converts the velocity of the disassembled performance data corresponding to the rhythm part according to speaker characteristics, and a disassembled corresponding to the base part A sound range processing unit that shifts the sound range of the performance data in accordance with speaker characteristics.

(2) The second invention relates to a performance data editing method for converting performance data into performance data corresponding to predetermined speaker characteristics.
Then, a decomposition process that decomposes the performance data into performance data for each channel, a classification process that classifies the decomposed performance data obtained in the decomposition process into a rhythm part, a melody part, or a bass part, and a subject corresponding to the melody part. A chord processing process for converting the number of chords of the disassembled performance data according to the speaker characteristics, a velocity processing process for converting the velocity of the disassembled performance data corresponding to the rhythm part according to the speaker characteristics, and a decomposed process corresponding to the base part Including a sound range processing process for shifting the sound range of the performance data in accordance with the speaker characteristics.

(3) A third invention relates to a performance data editing program for converting performance data executed on a computer and stored in a memory into performance data corresponding to predetermined speaker characteristics.
Then, a decomposition process that decomposes the performance data into performance data for each channel, a classification process that classifies the decomposed performance data obtained by the decomposition process into a rhythm part, a melody part, or a base part, and a subject corresponding to the melody part. Chord processing for converting the number of chords of the disassembled performance data according to speaker characteristics, velocity processing for converting the velocity of the disassembled performance data corresponding to the rhythm part according to speaker characteristics, and disassembled performance data corresponding to the base part Sound range processing for shifting the sound range according to speaker characteristics.

  According to the present invention, performance data is classified into a rhythm part, a melody part, or a bass part, and a type of processing (velocity conversion processing, chord number conversion processing, or range shift processing) to be performed on the performance data is determined according to the classification. Therefore, it is possible to effectively re-edit performance data to cope with differences in speaker characteristics.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. In the drawings, the size, shape, and arrangement relationship of each component are shown only schematically to the extent that the present invention can be understood, and the numerical conditions described below are merely examples. .

  FIG. 1 is a block diagram schematically showing the overall configuration of the system according to the present embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the system 100 of this embodiment includes a MIDI data editing device 110 and a mobile phone 120. As the MIDI data editing apparatus 110, for example, a personal computer can be used. A MIDI file (that is, a file storing MIDI data) is transferred between the MIDI data editing apparatus 110 and the mobile phone 120. As a transfer medium for the MIDI file, a memory card, a data cable, or the like can be used. In this embodiment, the memory card 130 is used.

  FIG. 2 is a block diagram schematically showing the internal configuration of the MIDI data editing apparatus 110.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the MIDI data editing apparatus 110 according to this embodiment includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 111, a hard disk 112, an image control unit 113, a display 114, a RAM (Random Access Memory) 115, and a ROM (Read Only Memory) 116, an input unit 117, a card reader 118, and a data bus 119.

  The CPU 111 executes a MIDI data editing program according to the present embodiment (described later) and controls operations of the other components 112 to 118.

  The hard disk 112 stores an operating system, a MIDI data editing program of the present embodiment, and the like.

  The image control unit 113 controls the display 114 to display a MIDI data editing result and the like.

  The RAM 115 is a readable / writable semiconductor memory for use as a work area for the CPU 111.

  The ROM 116 is a non-volatile semiconductor memory for storing a boot loader program for starting an operating system.

  The input unit 117 is a keyboard, a mouse, or the like for the operator to operate the MIDI data editing apparatus 110.

  The card reader 118 is a device for reading a MIDI file from the memory card 130 (see FIG. 1) and writing the edited MIDI file to the memory card 130.

  The data bus 119 is a wiring for interconnecting the components 111 to 113 and 115 to 118.

  FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram showing functions built in software in the CPU 111.

  As illustrated in FIG. 3, the CPU 111 includes a decomposition unit 301, a classification unit 302, a chord processing unit 303, a velocity processing unit 304, and a sound range processing unit 305.

  The decomposition unit 301 decomposes the MIDI data into a MIDI message group for each channel.

  The classification unit 302 classifies the MIDI message group obtained by the decomposition unit 301 into a rhythm part, a melody part, or a base part.

  The chord processing unit 303 converts the number of chords of the MIDI message group corresponding to the melody part according to the speaker characteristics of the mobile phone 120.

  The velocity processing unit 304 converts the velocity of the MIDI message group corresponding to the rhythm part according to the speaker characteristics of the mobile phone 120.

  The sound range processing unit 305 shifts the sound range of the MIDI message group corresponding to the base part according to the speaker characteristics of the mobile phone 120.

  Of course, these elements 301 to 305 may be constructed in hardware.

Next, the operation of the system shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 will be described.
(1) First, the power of the MIDI data editing apparatus 110 is turned on. As a result, the CPU 111 executes the boot loader program stored in the ROM 116.
(2) The boot loader program transfers the operating system from the hard disk 112 to the RAM 115 via the data bus 119, and further activates the operating system.
(3) Then, according to the operation of the operator, the operating system transfers the MIDI data editing program from the hard disk 112 to the RAM 115 via the data bus 119, and further activates the MIDI data editing program.
(4) Subsequently, the MIDI data editing program reads the MIDI file from the memory card 130 accommodated in the card reader 118 in accordance with the operation of the operator. The read MIDI file is transferred to the RAM 115 via the data bus 119.
(5) The MIDI data editing program automatically re-edits the MIDI data stored in the MIDI file in accordance with the start instruction from the operator (described later), and saves the edited MIDI data in the RAM 115.
(6) The image control unit 113 displays information related to the edited MIDI data on the display 114 under the control of the CPU. The operator can check the editing result using the display 114, and can further change the editing result.
(7) Thereafter, the MIDI data editing program transfers the edited MIDI file from the RAM 115 to the memory card 130 in accordance with the operation of the operator. Thereby, the process ends.

  FIG. 4 is a flowchart for explaining the re-editing process (see (5) above) of the MIDI data editing program.

  First, the decomposition unit 301 sequentially reads MIDI data from the RAM 115 and decomposes it into channels (see step S401). A MIDI sound source conforming to the GM (General MIDI) standard has 16 channels. Each MIDI message in the MIDI data stores a channel number used for playing the MIDI message. By reading out this channel number, each MIDI message can be divided for each channel.

  Next, the classification unit 302 performs a process for classifying the MIDI message group of each channel into one of a rhythm part, a melody part, and a bass part (see step S402).

  In this process, first, it is determined whether or not the MIDI message group of the first channel belongs to the rhythm part. The GM standard stipulates that the 10th channel is used for the rhythm part. Therefore, the MIDI data editing program checks the channel number of the MIDI message group, and determines that the MIDI message group is a rhythm part if the channel number is “10”.

  If the MIDI message group is not a rhythm part, the classification unit 302 determines the type of instrument assigned to the channel. In the GM standard, 128 kinds of musical instruments used in the MIDI sound source are defined. In this embodiment, these instruments are classified in advance into melody instruments (instruments that are likely to be used in the melody part), bass instruments (instruments that are likely to be used in the base part), and other instruments. Keep it. When the melody instrument is specified, it is determined that the melody part is selected. Further, when the bass instrument is specified, it is determined that the melody instrument is the base part.

  On the other hand, when a musical instrument that is neither for melody nor for bass is specified, the classification unit 302 next calculates the average value of the pitch range of the MIDI message group. When the average value is lower than the predetermined value, it is determined that the MIDI message group is a base part. When the average value is higher than the predetermined value, the MIDI message group is determined as a melody part. To do. In this determination, the deviation of the note length variation can be used instead of the average value of the pitch range. That is, when the deviation is smaller than a predetermined value, the MIDI message group is determined as a base part, and when the deviation is larger than a predetermined value, the MIDI message group is determined as a melody part. Can do.

  When the part determination is completed, the processing units 303 to 305 execute the conversion processing of the MIDI message group.

  If it is determined in step S402 that the MIDI message group is a melody part, the chord processing unit 303 converts the number of chords in the MIDI message group (see step S403). The optimal number of chords may be determined according to the speaker characteristics of the mobile phone 120 (see FIG. 1). This optimum value is determined in advance and stored in a database (not shown) for melody conversion processing in the hard disk 112 (see FIG. 2), for example. When there is an empty channel in the MIDI data, the number of chords can be doubled by copying the MIDI message group to the empty channel. On the other hand, when there is no empty channel, the number of chords can be doubled by adding the MIDI message group to the channel corresponding to the MIDI message group. However, it is assumed that the total number of chords does not exceed the maximum number of chords that can be generated by the sound source mounted on the mobile phone 120.

  If it is determined in step S402 that the MIDI message group is a rhythm part, the velocity processing unit 304 converts the velocity of the MIDI message group (see step S404). The velocities of the MIDI messages that make up the rhythm part are all converted to a maximum value (ie, 127), for example. The optimal velocity may be determined according to the speaker characteristics of the mobile phone 120. The optimum value is determined in advance and stored in a velocity conversion processing database (not shown) in the hard disk 112, for example.

  If it is determined in step S402 that the MIDI message group is the base part, the sound range processing unit 305 shifts the sound range of the MIDI message group (see step S405). In order to shift the range, it is only necessary to rewrite the notes (that is, numerical values representing the scale) of each MIDI message. The range shift amount may be determined according to the speaker characteristics of the mobile phone 120. The optimum shift amount (or the shifted sound range) is determined in advance and stored in a sound range conversion database (not shown) in the hard disk 112, for example.

  When the conversion process ends, the MIDI data editing program next determines whether or not the channel of the MIDI message group is the final channel (the 16th channel) (see step S406). If it is determined that the channel is not the final channel, the MIDI data editing program executes the processing from step S402 onward for the MIDI message group corresponding to the next channel.

  On the other hand, when it is determined that the channel is the final channel, the MIDI data editing program reconstructs the MIDI file by using the converted MIDI message group (see step S407). Finally, the MIDI data editing program stores the reconstructed MIDI file in the RAM 115 and ends the editing process (see step S408).

  In the above-described conversion process (see steps S403 to S405), the number of chords, velocity, or range is converted according to the part. In addition to these conversion processes, other processes are performed to make each part stand out. May be. For example, a process of changing the designated musical instrument of the channel according to the speaker characteristics of the mobile phone 120 may be further executed. In addition, by performing processing to copy overtones (one octave higher sound) of the MIDI message group to an empty channel, and detune processing (processing to copy a MIDI message group whose sound range is shifted by several percent to an empty channel), It is also possible to add depth to the reproduced sound of a small speaker. Furthermore, the volume may be increased by a process of increasing the master volume, channel volume, and master expression.

  In this embodiment, the channel number is used to determine the rhythm part. However, the rhythm part may be determined using the type of musical instrument used, the deviation of the note length variation, or the like.

  In this embodiment, the MIDI message group corresponding to each channel is classified into a melody part, a rhythm part, and a bass part. However, the names of these parts do not necessarily match the concept of musical melody, rhythm, and bass. May be. That is, the MIDI message group of each channel is suitable for chord number conversion processing (see step S403 in FIG. 3), suitable for velocity conversion processing (see step S404 in FIG. 3), and range shift conversion processing (see step S404 in FIG. 3). What is necessary is just to be able to classify | categorize into the thing suitable for step S405 of the figure.

  As described above, the system 100 according to the present embodiment can determine a MIDI message conversion method according to the part (melody part, bass part, or rhythm part) to which each channel belongs (step S403 in FIG. 3). ~ 405). Therefore, according to the present embodiment, MIDI data can be re-edited according to speaker characteristics very effectively.

1 is a block diagram schematically showing an overall configuration of a system according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a block diagram schematically showing an internal configuration of a MIDI data editing apparatus shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram of the MIDI data editing apparatus shown in FIG. 1. 3 is a flowchart showing an operation of the MIDI data editing apparatus shown in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

100 MIDI Data Editing System 110 MIDI Data Editing Device 111 CPU
112 Hard disk 113 Image control unit 114 Display 115 RAM
116 ROM
117 Input unit 118 Card reader 120 Mobile phone 130 Memory card 301 Disassembly unit 302 Classification unit 303 Chord processing unit 304 Velocity processing unit 305 Sound range processing unit

Claims (18)

A performance data editing device for converting performance data into performance data corresponding to predetermined speaker characteristics,
A decomposing unit that decomposes performance data into performance data for each channel;
A classification unit for classifying the performance data obtained by the decomposition unit into a rhythm part, a melody part, or a bass part;
A chord processing unit that converts the number of chords of the decomposed performance data corresponding to the melody part according to the speaker characteristics;
A velocity processing unit for converting the velocity of the performance data to be decomposed corresponding to the rhythm part according to the speaker characteristics;
A sound range processor that shifts the sound range of the decomposed performance data corresponding to the base part according to the speaker characteristics;
Performance data editing device.   2. The performance data editing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the classification unit determines that the decomposed performance data corresponding to the tenth channel is a rhythm part.   3. The classification unit according to claim 1, wherein the classification unit determines that the performance data to be decomposed is a base part when the performance instrument to be specified of the performance data to be decomposed is a predetermined bass instrument. The performance data editing device described.   4. The classification unit according to claim 1, wherein when the specified musical instrument of the decomposed performance data is a predetermined melody instrument, the classification unit determines that the decomposed performance data is a melody part. The performance data editing apparatus according to any one of the above.   The classification unit determines that the performance data to be decomposed is a base part when the average value of the pitch range of the performance data to be decomposed is lower than a predetermined value, and the average value is lower than the predetermined value. 5. The performance data editing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein when the data is high, the performance data to be decomposed is determined to be a melody part.   The classification unit determines that the performance data to be decomposed is a base part when the deviation of the note length variation of the performance data to be decomposed is smaller than a predetermined value, and the deviation is larger than the predetermined value. 5. The performance data editing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the performance data is determined to be a melody part. A performance data editing method for converting performance data into performance data corresponding to predetermined speaker characteristics,
Decomposing process that decomposes performance data into performance data for each channel;
A classification process for classifying the performance data obtained in the disassembly process into rhythm parts, melody parts or bass parts;
A chord processing process for converting the number of chords of the decomposed performance data corresponding to the melody part according to the speaker characteristics;
A velocity processing step for converting the velocity of the decomposed performance data corresponding to the rhythm part according to the speaker characteristics;
A sound range processing step of shifting the sound range of the decomposed performance data corresponding to the base part according to the speaker characteristics;
Performance data editing method including   8. The performance data editing method according to claim 7, wherein the classification step includes a step of determining that the decomposed performance data corresponding to the tenth channel is a rhythm part.   8. The classification process includes a step of determining that the performance data to be decomposed is a base part when the performance instrument to be specified of the performance data to be decomposed is a predetermined bass instrument. Or the performance data editing method according to 8.   8. The classification process includes a step of determining that the performance data to be decomposed is a melody part when the designated performance instrument of the performance data to be decomposed is a predetermined musical instrument for melody. The performance data editing method according to any one of to 9.   The classification process determines that the performance data to be decomposed is a base part when the average value of the pitch range of the performance data to be decomposed is lower than a predetermined value, and the average value is lower than the predetermined value. The performance data editing method according to any one of claims 7 to 10, further comprising a step of determining that the disassembled performance data is a melody part when it is high.   The classification process determines that the performance data to be decomposed is a base part when the deviation of the note length variation of the performance data to be decomposed is smaller than a predetermined value, and the deviation is larger than the predetermined value. 11. The performance data editing method according to claim 7, further comprising a step of determining that the disassembled performance data is a melody part. A performance data editing program for converting performance data executed on a computer and stored in a memory into performance data corresponding to predetermined speaker characteristics,
Decomposing process that decomposes performance data into performance data for each channel;
A classification process for classifying the performance data obtained by the decomposition process into a rhythm part, a melody part or a bass part;
A chord process for converting the number of chords of the decomposed performance data corresponding to the melody part according to the speaker characteristics;
Velocity processing for converting the velocity of the performance data to be decomposed corresponding to the rhythm part according to the speaker characteristics;
A sound range process for shifting the sound range of the decomposed performance data corresponding to the base part according to the speaker characteristics;
A performance data editing program.   14. The performance data editing program according to claim 13, wherein the classification processing includes processing for determining that the disassembled performance data corresponding to the tenth channel is a rhythm part.   14. The classification process includes a process of determining that the performance data to be decomposed is a base part when a designated performance instrument of the performance data to be decomposed is a predetermined bass instrument. Or the performance data editing program of 14.   14. The classification process includes a process of determining that the performance data to be decomposed is a melody part when the designated performance instrument of the performance data to be decomposed is a predetermined melody instrument. The performance data editing program according to any one of -15.   The classification process determines that the performance data to be decomposed is a base part when the average value of the pitch range of the performance data to be decomposed is lower than a predetermined value, and the average value is lower than the predetermined value. The performance data editing program according to any one of claims 13 to 16, further comprising a process of determining that the performance data to be decomposed is a melody part when it is high.   The classification processing determines that the performance data to be decomposed is a base part when the deviation of the note length variation of the performance data to be decomposed is smaller than a predetermined value, and the deviation is larger than the predetermined value. The performance data editing program according to claim 13, further comprising: determining that the performance data to be decomposed is a melody part.

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