JP2005337932A - Detecting method and device for leakage of fluid flowing in pipe - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a detecting method and device for leakage of fluid flowing in a pipe relatively easily by eliminating the need of constant measurement required for acquiring data in leakage which can not guess when it occurs. <P>SOLUTION: At both ends of a pipe section to be detected of leakage, pressure detection means P1, P2, P3 are arranged and the detection values of the pressure detection means P1, P2 and P3 are compared with the detection values of the pressure detection means P1, P2, P3 at the time of constructing the pipes so as to detect the existence of leakage of fluid caused later in the pipe. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for detecting leakage of fluid flowing through a pipeline.

In order to detect the leakage of the fluid flowing through this kind of pipe, three or more measurement points that are separated from each other in the axial direction of the pipe are installed in the conduit for pumping the liquid. The pressure wave at the initial stage of leakage generated in the liquid is detected at each measurement point, and the arrival time difference of the pressure wave from the leakage position to each measurement point is obtained based on the detection signal at each measurement point. It is known that the pressure propagation speed is calculated from the distance of the pressure, and then the leak position of the conduit is obtained based on the pressure propagation speed, the arrival time difference of the pressure wave, and the distance between the measurement points. (For example, see Patent Document 1)
However, in the above case, when a part of the pipe is suddenly damaged, a sudden pressure drop occurs in the liquid in the damaged part, and the leak position of the pipe is determined from the propagation speed of the pressure wave generated at this time. Therefore, it is necessary to obtain the propagation velocity of the pressure wave due to the sudden leakage, and it is necessary to always measure in order to obtain the data at the time of the leakage that is unknown. It was a thing.

  Further, a shock wave is added to the liquid in the conduit by the shock wave generating means, the arrival time of the shock wave is detected at two or more measurement points separated in the tube axis direction of the conduit by the arrival time detecting means, and the shock wave propagation velocity calculating means is used. Based on the detection value detected by the arrival time detection means, the propagation velocity of the shock wave is calculated, the bulk elasticity coefficient of the liquid is calculated by the bulk modulus calculation means, the tube type of the conduit, the diameter of the conduit by the condition input means, Enter the conduit support method, calculate the average tube thickness of the conduit based on the tube type, conduit diameter, conduit support method, bulk modulus, and propagation speed using the tube thickness calculation means, and obtain it using the performance deterioration determination means. 2. Description of the Related Art A conduit deterioration diagnosis apparatus is known which determines deterioration of conduit performance based on the average tube thickness.

Further, the deterioration diagnosis device for this conduit measures the pressure of the shock wave at each measurement point by the pressure difference detection means, obtains the maximum value of the pressure under measurement, calculates the pressure difference between the maximum value and each measurement value, The opening area calculating means calculates the opening area of the hole formed in the conduit between each measurement based on the average tube thickness and the pressure difference between the measurements, and the function deterioration determining means calculates the opening area of the conduit based on the opening area. The function deterioration is judged. (For example, see Patent Document 2)
This deterioration diagnosis device for a conduit calculates the average tube thickness and opening area of the conduit without constantly measuring by generating a shock wave in the liquid in the conduit by means of shock wave generation and measuring the shock wave at each measurement point. In this method, the determination of the deterioration of the conduit performance and the deterioration of the function is quantified, and complicated calculations must be performed. Moreover, this conduit deterioration diagnosis device does not detect leakage.
JP 2000-131179 A (the second page, FIG. 1) JP 2002-236115 A (the second page, FIG. 1)

Therefore, there is no need to always measure, and it has been required to detect leakage of fluid flowing through a pipe line relatively easily. In particular, when a leak in a water pipe is repaired, one section is dug up, so it is not necessary to accurately grasp the leak position, and it is only necessary to know the approximate position. An object of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus for detecting leakage of a fluid flowing through a pipe line that satisfies such a requirement.

  In order to achieve the above object, the method for detecting leakage of a fluid flowing through a pipeline according to claim 1 of the present invention provides detection values by pressure detection means respectively disposed at both ends of a pipeline section where leakage is to be detected. By comparing with the detected value by the pressure detection means at the time of the facility of the pipeline, it is possible to detect the presence or absence of fluid leakage that subsequently occurred in the pipeline.

   The method for detecting leakage of a fluid flowing through a pipeline according to claim 2 is the method according to claim 1, wherein the value detected by the pressure detection means is generated upstream of a pipeline section where leakage is to be detected. It is a surge pressure generated by the means.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a device for detecting leakage of fluid flowing through a pipeline, pressure detection means disposed at both ends of the pipeline section where leakage is to be detected, and the values detected by the pressure detection means when the pipeline is installed. Reference detection value storage means, and a discrimination means for comparing the detection value from the pressure detection means with the reference detection value stored in the reference detection value storage means to determine the presence or absence of leakage when trying to detect a leak. It is characterized by that.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a leak detection device for fluid flowing in a pipe line according to the third aspect, wherein the detected value by the pressure detecting means is generated upstream of the pipe section where the leak is to be detected. It is a surge pressure generated by the means.

   According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a leak detection method for a fluid flowing through a pipeline, wherein a surge pressure generating means and a pressure detection means are arranged close to each other in a pipeline section where leakage is to be detected, and is generated by the surge pressure generating means. Surge pressure attenuation data is detected by the pressure detection means, and compared with the surge pressure attenuation data detected by the pressure detection means at the time of installation of the pipeline, the presence or absence of fluid leakage that subsequently occurred in the pipeline is determined. It is characterized in that it is detected.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a leak detection device for a fluid flowing through a pipeline, a surge pressure generating means for generating a surge pressure in a pipeline section where leakage is to be detected, and a pressure detection means for detecting attenuation data of the surge pressure. And a reference surge pressure attenuation data storage means for storing the attenuation data of the surge pressure detected by the pressure detection means at the time of the facility of the pipeline, and the pressure detection means when trying to detect a leak And a judgment means for judging the presence or absence of leakage by comparing the attenuation data of the surge pressure detected in step 1 and the surge pressure attenuation data stored in the reference surge pressure attenuation data storage means. is there.

  According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for detecting leakage of a fluid flowing through a pipeline. The detection values by pressure detection means respectively disposed at both ends of a pipeline section where leakage is to be detected are detected at the time of installation of the pipeline. By comparing with the detection value by the pressure detection means, the presence or absence of fluid leakage that subsequently occurred in the pipe line is detected, so let's check the detection value and leak at the pipe line facility. If the detection value when trying to check is lower than the detection value at the time of the facility of the pipeline, it is judged that fluid is leaking from the pipeline, and if there is no change, there is no leakage It can be judged. That is, by measuring in advance at the measurement position when the pipeline is installed, leakage of the fluid flowing through the pipeline can be easily detected without always measuring.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for detecting leakage of a fluid flowing through a pipe line according to the present invention, wherein the detected value by the pressure detecting means is the surge pressure generated upstream of the pipe section where the leak is to be detected. Since the detection value of the surge pressure generated by the means is obtained, there is little leakage of fluid flowing through the pipeline, and the detection value by the pressure detection means is not changed from the time of installation of the pipeline. However, it is possible to detect the leakage of fluid flowing through the pipeline, and easily detect the leakage of fluid flowing through the pipeline without always measuring. It can be detected.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a leak detection apparatus for fluid flowing through a pipeline of the present invention, wherein pressure detection means respectively disposed at both ends of a pipeline section where leakage is to be detected, from these pressure detection means at the time of installation of the pipeline Reference detection value storage means for storing the detection value, when detecting a leak, the detection value detected by the pressure detection means and the reference detection value stored in the reference detection value storage means are compared to determine whether there is a leak. The determination means for determining the reference detection value stored in the reference detection value storage means by the determination means and the detection value detected by the pressure detection means when attempting to detect leakage In comparison, if the detected value is lower than the reference detected value, it is determined that the fluid is leaking from the pipe line, and if there is no change, it is determined that the fluid is not leaking. That is, by measuring in advance at the measurement position when the pipeline is installed, leakage of the fluid flowing through the pipeline can be easily detected without always measuring.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a leak detection device for fluid flowing in a pipe line according to the present invention, wherein the detected value by the pressure detecting means is a surge pressure generator arranged upstream of the pipe section where the leak is to be detected. Since the detection value of the surge pressure generated by the means is obtained, there is little leakage of fluid flowing through the pipeline, and the detection value by the pressure detection means is not changed from the time of installation of the pipeline. In addition, it is possible to detect the leakage of fluid flowing through the pipeline. That is, when the detected value of surge pressure generated by the surge pressure generating means at the time of a pipeline facility is stored in the reference detected value storage means, and the stored surge pressure detected value and leak are to be detected. If the detected value is low, it is determined that fluid is leaking from the pipeline, and if there is no change, it is determined that there is no leak. Also in this case, it is possible to easily detect the leakage of the fluid flowing through the pipeline without always measuring. In addition to comparing the detected values of both surge pressures with the discriminating means, the surge pressure waveform generated by the surge pressure generating means at the time of the pipeline facility is memorized and the leak is to be detected. It is also possible to measure the pressure waveform of the surge pressure and compare both waveforms.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a leak detection method for a fluid flowing through a pipeline, wherein a surge pressure generating means and a pressure detection means are arranged close to a pipeline section where leakage is to be detected. The detected surge pressure attenuation data is detected by the pressure detection means and compared with the surge pressure attenuation data detected by the pressure detection means at the time of installation of the pipe line, thereby determining leakage based on the surge pressure attenuation data. In this case, when the leak position is not close, the attenuation waveform of the surge pressure is long, and when it is close, it can be determined using the shortness. Therefore, also in this case, it is possible to easily detect the leakage of the fluid flowing through the pipeline without always measuring.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a leak detection apparatus for a fluid flowing through a pipe line of the present invention, wherein a surge pressure generating means for generating a surge pressure and a pressure detection for detecting attenuation data of the surge pressure in a pipe section where leakage is to be detected. The reference surge pressure attenuation data storage means for storing the surge pressure attenuation data detected by the pressure detection means at the time of the facility of the pipe line, and the pressure detection when trying to detect a leak And a judgment means for comparing the surge pressure attenuation data detected by the means and the surge pressure attenuation data stored in the reference surge pressure attenuation data storage means to determine the presence or absence of leakage. When determining leak detection from pressure attenuation data, the surge pressure attenuation waveform is long when the leak position is not close, and short when it is close. Can. Further, only one pressure detecting means for detecting the attenuation data of the surge pressure is sufficient, and a simple configuration is sufficient. Therefore, also in this case, it is possible to easily detect the leakage of the fluid flowing through the pipeline without always measuring.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a method and an apparatus for detecting leakage of a fluid flowing through a pipe line according to the present invention will be described by taking the case of water leak detection of a water pipe as an example. FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a water pipe, where 10 is a distribution reservoir that stores tap water, and 11 is a main water supply pipe that distributes tap water from the distribution reservoir 10 to a predetermined area. . In the main water pipe 11, digestive plugs A1, A2, A3 are arranged at predetermined intervals. A branch pipe 12 is branched upstream of the position where the digestive plug A1 is disposed, and a switching valve 13 is interposed in the branch pipe 12, and the switching valve 13 is opened and closed. Tap water is supplied to or cut off from the branch pipe 12. That is, the switching valve 13 is opened and closed to generate a surge pressure downstream, and the switching valve 13 and the branch pipe 12 constitute the surge pressure generating means 14.

  Each digestive plug A1, A2, A3 is provided with pressure detecting means P1, P2, P3 that detachably and electrically detects pressure, and is normally used as a digestive plug. The pressure detection means P1, P2, P3 are connected to the stoppers A1, A2, A3 so that the pressure of the main water pipe 11 at the positions of the digester stoppers A1, A2, A3 can be detected.

  Reference numeral 15 denotes a discrimination unit, which includes a reference detection value storage unit 16 and a comparison unit 17. The reference detection value storage means 16 stores pressure detection values at the digestive plugs A1, A2, A3 at the time when the main water pipe 11 is installed. That is, if the relationship between the detection value detected by each pressure detection means P1, P2, P3 and the detection position (position of each digestive plug A1, A2, A3) of each pressure detection means P1, P2, P3 is represented by a graph. The graph is a straight line illustrated in FIG. Further, the surge pressure detection value when the surge pressure is generated by the surge pressure generation means 14 is detected and stored for each pressure detection means P1, P2, P3 (in this case, the maximum pressure detection value is stored or the waveform is stored) You may make it do.)

  The comparison means 17 is a means for comparing the pressure detection value stored in the reference detection value storage means 16 with the detection values detected by the pressure detection means P1, P2, and P3 when a leak is detected. 18 is a notification means, and when any of the detection values detected by the pressure detection means P1, P2, P3 is lower than a predetermined pressure value stored in the reference detection value storage means 16, It is a means to notify by an alarm device or a display.

  The leak detection method and apparatus for a fluid flowing through a pipe line according to the present invention configured as described above operates as follows.

(1) Leak detection by pressure First, each pressure detecting means P1, P2, P3 is connected to each digestive plug A1, A2, A3, and the detected pressure value is measured. The detection value measured by the comparison means 17 is compared with the pressure detection value stored in the reference detection value storage means 16. As a result of the comparison, the detected values detected by the pressure detecting means P1, P2, and P3 are not changed from the pressure detected values stored in the reference detected value storing means 16 (the straight line shown in FIG. 2A). ), It is judged that there is no leakage.

  Next, the detected value detected by each pressure detecting means P1, P2, P3 is lower than a detected value compared with the pressure detected value stored in the reference detected value storage means 16 (FIG. 2B). In the case of a straight line illustrated with a solid line), it is determined that there is a leak upstream of the digestive plug A1.

  Further, the detection value detected by the pressure detection means P2 is lower than a detection value stored in the reference detection value storage means 16 by a predetermined value (a straight line shown by a solid line in FIG. 2C). ), It is determined that there is a leak between the digestive plug A1 and the digestive plug A3. In particular, when the detection value is low in the pressure detection means P2, it is determined that there is a leak in the vicinity of the digestive plug A2.

  Further, the detection values detected by the pressure detection means P1, P2, and P3 are lower than a detection value stored in the reference detection value storage means 16 by a predetermined value (see FIG. 2D). In the case of a straight line illustrated by a solid line and a detection value higher than in the case of (b)), it is determined that there is a leak downstream from the digestive plug A3.

  By comparing the detection values detected by the pressure detection means P1, P2, and P3 in this way with the pressure detection values stored in the reference detection value storage means 16, it is possible to detect the presence or absence of leakage. The comparison means 17 may automatically perform the comparison between the pressure detection values stored in the reference detection value storage means 16 and the detection values of the pressure detection means P1, P2, and P3. A value may be displayed and judged by a human.

  In the case where the comparison by the comparison means 17 is automatically performed, any of the detection values detected by the pressure detection means P1, P2, P3 is based on the detection value stored in the reference detection value storage means 16. If it is determined that the value is lower than a predetermined value, a signal may be output to the notification unit 18 to alert or display and notify that there is a leak.

  In the above embodiment, the pressure detection by the pressure detection means is performed at three locations. However, if detection is performed at least at two locations, there is no leakage between them, or there is leakage at the upstream or downstream side between them. Can be determined.

  Next, in the said embodiment, although it demonstrated about detecting a leak when there is leak amount so that the pressure of the main water pipe 11 may be affected, there is little leak amount and the pressure of the main water pipe 11 The case where the above is not affected will be described below.

(2) Leakage detection by surge pressure That is, the pressure detection values are measured by the pressure detection means P1, P2 and P3, but the changes are compared with the pressure detection values stored in the reference detection value storage means 16. If it is determined that there is no leakage, it is possible that the amount of leakage is small and the pressure has not changed. Therefore, the switching valve 13 is closed from the opened state, and a surge pressure is generated in the main water pipe 11. And this surge pressure is detected by each pressure detection means P1, P2, P3. The detection value detected by each pressure detection means P1, P2, P3 is the maximum pressure value of the surge pressure, and the comparison means 17 compares the maximum pressure value of the surge pressure stored in the reference detection value storage means 16.

  In this case as well, if there is no change, it is determined that there is no leakage, and the maximum pressure value of the surge pressure detected by each pressure detection means P1, P2, P3 is stored in the reference detection value storage means 16. If the detected value is lower than the maximum value of the surge pressure by a predetermined value or more, it is determined that there is a leak upstream from the digestive plug A1 or downstream from the digestive plug A3 (the leak is upstream from the digestive plug A1). In the case, the leak is detected lower than the case where the leak is downstream of the digestive plug A3). When the detection value detected by the pressure detection means P2 is detected low, it is determined that there is a leak between the digestive plug A1 and the digestive plug A3. In particular, when the detection value is low in the pressure detection means P2, it is determined that there is a leak in the vicinity of the digestive plug A2.

  In this way, if the maximum pressure detection value of surge pressure is measured by each of the pressure detection means P1, P2, P3, it is leaked by comparing with the maximum pressure detection value of surge pressure stored in the reference detection value storage means 16 The presence or absence of can be detected. The comparing means 17 automatically compares the maximum detected pressure value of the surge pressure stored in the reference detected value storage means 16 with the maximum detected pressure value of the surge pressure detected by each of the pressure detecting means P1, P2, P3. The detection may be performed manually, or both detection values may be displayed and judged by a human.

  In the case where the comparison by the comparison means 17 is automatically performed, any one of the detected pressure values of the surge pressure detected by the pressure detection means P1, P2, P3 is stored in the reference detection value storage means 16. When it is determined that the detected surge pressure is lower than a predetermined value, a signal may be output to the notification means 18 to alert or display and notify that there is a leak.

  Further, in the above embodiment, the maximum pressure detection value is detected as the pressure detection value of the surge pressure detected by each pressure detection means P1, P2, P3, but the waveform of the surge pressure is detected. It may be. In this case, the reference detection value storage means 16 stores the surge pressure waveform detected by the pressure detection means P1, P2, P3 at the time of the facility, and compares it with the surge pressure waveform detected at the time of leakage detection. It may be determined by doing so.

  Similarly, even when detecting surge pressure, the pressure detection value of the surge pressure by the pressure detection means is measured at three locations, but if it is detected at least two locations, there will be leakage between them. It is possible to determine whether there is a leak or whether there is a leak on the upstream side or the downstream side.

(3) Leakage detection by attenuation data of surge pressure In the above embodiment, the digestion plugs A1, A2, A3 are arranged at predetermined intervals in the main water pipe 11, and pressure detection means for detachably and electrically detecting the pressure P1, P2, and P3 are arranged so that the presence or absence of leakage is determined based on the detection values detected by the pressure detection means P1, P2, and P3. In this determination, the pipeline section where leakage is to be detected is determined. It is necessary to detect at least two detection values by disposing at least pressure detection means at both ends.

  In the embodiment described below, a method or apparatus for detecting leakage of fluid flowing through a pipe line in which leakage is determined by a single pressure detection means will be described below. FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a water pipe, 20 is a distribution reservoir that stores tap water, and 21 is a main water pipe that distributes tap water from the distribution reservoir 20 to a predetermined area. . In the main water pipe 21, digestive plugs B1, B2, B3 are arranged at predetermined intervals. The branch line 22 is detachably attached to the position where the digestive plug B1 is disposed, and the pressure detecting means 23 and the switching valve 24 are disposed in the branch line 22. The pressure detection means 23 is a means that is disposed in the branch conduit 22 and electrically detects pressure. Since the branch conduit 22 is attached to the digester plug B1, the main water conduit at the position of the digester plug B1 is provided. 21 pressure is detected.

  By opening and closing the switching valve 24 arranged in the branch pipeline 22, tap water is discharged or blocked from the branch pipeline 22. That is, the switching valve 24 is opened and closed to generate surge pressure, and the switching valve 24 and the branch pipe line 22 constitute the surge pressure generating means 25.

  26 is a reference surge pressure attenuation data recording means for generating a surge pressure by opening and closing the switching valve 24 at the time of installation of the water line 11 and recording the surge pressure attenuation data detected by the pressure detection means 23 ( Specifically, the waveform shown in FIG. 4A is stored).

  The branch line 22 can be attached not only to the digestive plug B1 but also to the digestive plug B2 or the digestive plug B3. That is, at the position of the digester plug B2 or digester plug B3, when the main water pipe 21 is in the facility, the switching valve 24 is opened and closed to generate a surge pressure, and the surge pressure attenuation data detected by the pressure detection means 23 is recorded. It is stored in the reference surge pressure attenuation data recording means 26.

  The leak detection method and apparatus for a fluid flowing through a pipe line according to the present invention configured as described above operate as follows. When attempting to detect a leak, the branch line 22 is first attached to the digestive plug B1. A surge pressure is generated by opening and closing the switching valve 24, the surge pressure at this time is detected by the pressure detection means 23, and the attenuation data of the surge pressure is recorded and displayed by the determination means 17. In the judging means 17, the surge pressure attenuation data at the position of the digestive plug B 1 stored in the reference surge pressure attenuation data recording means 26 is recorded and displayed by the reading judging means 17. Then, the surge pressure attenuation data detected by the pressure detection means 23 and the surge pressure attenuation data read from the reference surge pressure attenuation data recording means 26 are compared to determine leakage.

  If the surge pressure attenuation data detected by the pressure detection means 23 is the surge pressure attenuation data (the waveform shown in FIG. 4A) stored in the reference surge pressure attenuation data recording means 26, the leakage will occur. Judge that there is no. In other words, the measured waveform has seven peaks for attenuation and a decay time of 7 seconds, which has a relatively large number of peaks and a long decay time.

  Conversely, if there is a leak near the digestive plug B1 position, the surge pressure attenuation data detected by the pressure detecting means 23 is measured as shown in FIG. 4B, and the leak is detected near the digestive plug B1 position. It is determined that it has occurred. In other words, the measured waveform has four peaks for attenuation and an attenuation time of 3.5 sec. The number of peaks is relatively small, and the attenuation required time is short.

  That is, in the leak detection based on the attenuation data of the surge pressure, the judgment is made using the fact that the surge pressure attenuation waveform is long when the leak position is not close and short when the leak position is close. It is a thing.

  The above determination is a detection of leak detection in the vicinity of the digestive plug B1 position, and a surge pressure is generated by opening and closing the switching valve 24 in the same manner by placing the branch line 22 at the digestive plug B2 or B3. The surge pressure at this time is detected by the pressure detection means 23, and the attenuation data of the surge pressure is recorded and displayed by the determination means 17. The determination means 27 reads out and displays the surge pressure attenuation data at the digestive plug B2 or B3 position stored in the reference surge pressure attenuation data recording means 26. Then, the surge pressure attenuation data detected by the pressure detection means 23 and the surge pressure attenuation data read from the reference surge pressure attenuation data recording means 26 are compared, and leakage is determined by the determination means 27 in the same manner as described above.

  In this way, only one pressure detecting means 23 is required, and in this case as well, leakage of the fluid flowing through the pipeline can be easily detected without always measuring.

  In the above embodiment, the pressure detection means 23 and the switching valve 24 are arranged in the branch pipeline 22, but they may be arranged in separate branch pipelines close to each other.

  In the above embodiment, the case of detecting a leak in a water pipe has been described, but it goes without saying that the present invention can be applied to other fluid pipes.

It is explanatory drawing explaining the case where the leak detection method and apparatus of the fluid which flows through the pipe line which concerns on this invention are applied to the leak detection of a water pipe. It is explanatory drawing explaining the leak detection method and apparatus of the fluid which flows through the pipe line which concerns on this invention, and is explanatory drawing explaining the result of the detected value by a pressure detection means. It is explanatory drawing explaining other embodiment in the leak detection method and apparatus of the fluid which flows through the pipe line which concerns on this invention. It is explanatory drawing explaining other embodiment of the leak detection method and apparatus of the fluid which flows through the pipe line which concerns on this invention, and is explanatory drawing explaining the surge pressure attenuation | damping data measured when a surge pressure is generated.

Explanation of symbols

P1 Pressure detection means P2 Pressure detection means P3 Pressure detection means 14 Surge pressure generation means 15 Discrimination means 16 Reference detection value storage means 23 Pressure detection means 25 Surge pressure generation means 26 Reference surge pressure attenuation data storage means 27 Determination means

Claims (6)

By comparing the detection values detected by the pressure detection means arranged at both ends of the pipeline section where leakage is to be detected with the detection values by the pressure detection means at the time of installation of the pipeline, A method for detecting leakage of a fluid flowing through a pipeline, wherein the presence or absence of leakage of the generated fluid is detected. 2. A fluid flowing in a pipe line according to claim 1, wherein the detected value by the pressure detecting means is a surge pressure generated by a surge pressure generating means arranged upstream of the pipe section where leakage is to be detected. Leak detection method. Pressure detection means arranged at both ends of the pipeline section to detect the leak, reference detection value storage means for storing the detection value by the pressure detection means when the pipeline is installed, pressure detection when trying to detect the leak An apparatus for detecting leakage of fluid flowing through a pipeline, comprising: a determination unit that compares a detection value from the unit with a reference detection value stored in a reference detection value storage unit to determine whether there is a leak. 4. A fluid flowing through a pipeline according to claim 3, wherein the detected value by the pressure detection means is a surge pressure generated by a surge pressure generating means arranged upstream of the pipeline section where leakage is to be detected. Leak detection device. The surge pressure generating means and the pressure detecting means are arranged close to the pipe section where leakage is to be detected, and the attenuation data of the surge pressure generated by the surge pressure generating means is detected by the pressure detecting means. By comparing with the attenuation data of the surge pressure detected by the pressure detecting means at the time of the facility, it is possible to detect the presence or absence of fluid leakage that has subsequently occurred in the pipeline. Leak detection method. A surge pressure generating means for generating surge pressure and a pressure detecting means for detecting attenuation data of surge pressure are arranged close to the pipe section where leakage is to be detected. Reference surge pressure attenuation data storage means for storing detected surge pressure attenuation data, and surge pressure attenuation data and reference surge pressure attenuation data storage means detected by the pressure detection means when detecting leakage An apparatus for detecting leakage of a fluid flowing through a pipeline, comprising: a determination unit that compares the stored attenuation data of surge pressure to determine the presence or absence of leakage.

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