JP2005336974A - Plane constructing method using thick plate member in wooden architecture - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a frame-work wooden house which can be built easily, is excellent in heat insulation and airtight performance, does not require a heat insulation material for a wall face and is built by using a solid member. <P>SOLUTION: A solid thick plate member is steamed and dried, and then a groove of a shape for airtight connection (spline jointed or the like) is formed in the left and right side faces of the member. Further, a slit for inserting a rigid connection plate with a beam member is formed in upper and lower ends, and the member is used as a log member 6 of a wall constituting element. One of the left and right beam members is installed as a fixed pilar and the other is installed as a mobile pilar 4, and the mobile pilar is shifted in a wall constructing direction in advance. Firstly, a liner 20 is installed on the fixed pilar, a bearing plate is installed on upper and lower beam members, and the first log member is airtightly and rigidly connected with the beam member with a pin 8 or a dowel 24 through the bearing plate. Then, the log members are successively and airtightly rigid-connected between lob members and the upper and lower beam members in the same way. After the final log member is fitted in the mobile pilar, the mobile pilar is returned to the original position and airtightly rigid-connected with the beam member for constructing the bearing wall. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention uses a log member obtained by performing shape processing on a solid plank member that has been steamed and dried without using a heat-insulating material against a load-bearing wall between laterally-added materials when building a highly heat-insulated and air-tight wooden house. It relates to the wall construction method to be implemented on site. This method can also be applied to the construction method of non-bearing walls.

  Based on the next-generation energy-saving standards of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism, various heat insulation materials and new building materials have been commercialized in the building materials industry, and various high heat insulation and high airtight building construction methods have been put into practical use, and wooden houses It has also been applied. However, current high-insulation and air-tight wooden buildings that make heavy use of these new building materials have problems from the viewpoints of global warming prevention, global environmental protection, resource saving, and energy saving. It is a matter.

  Next, the shortcomings of wood have been eliminated by steaming / drying technology that removes resin components by stabilizing movement (dry cracking, bending, shrinkage, etc.) associated with aging of wood, and fire prevention technology of wood. . Furthermore, wood has effects such as heat storage, humidity control, heat insulation, sound insulation, deodorization, and healing, and the total energy when using solid wood as a building material is less than that of new building materials, making it an ideal building material. It has been reviewed.

  In addition to these advances in wood processing technology, the shape processing technology of wood has made it possible to perform complex shape processing with high precision due to advances in processing machines.

  In conventional framed wooden construction, a plurality of rafters are arranged at appropriate intervals between the girders and purlins on the roof base, and a wooden board is laid on the rafters and nailed with nails. The roofing material was laid on. Also, on the floor, a large number of joists were fixed and placed at appropriate intervals, and a wooden board was laid on the joists and nailed with nails, and tatami mats were laid on them. In this method, there are gaps between the rafters and the wooden board, and between the joists and the wooden board, but until now there has been no concept of achieving the required airtightness in these gaps.

  In the wall, the space between the pillars on the inner wall is laid with a wooden board or a board of new building material, and a heat insulating material such as glass wool or urethane is filled between the inner wall and the outer wall of the new building material, and the heat insulating material is a moisture-proof and airtight sheet. I covered it. When connecting moisture-proof and air-tight sheets, there is an operation of partially overlapping and fixing at the joint of the sheets, an operation of applying an adhesive tape to the seam without overlapping, and the like. Furthermore, if the glass wool or moisture-proof and air-tight sheet is peeled off or dropped due to deformation due to moisture absorption or corrosion of the fixing rod, heat insulation and air tightness cannot be secured.

  These insulations are laid between the inner and outer walls, above the ceiling and under the floor, but the progress of aging and characteristic deterioration cannot be monitored from the outside. In addition, their repair has not been easy. In addition, the walls using these heat insulating materials are structurally fragile and cannot become load bearing walls, and their safety, heat storage, humidity control, and other characteristics are essentially inferior to wood and have no healing effect.

  At present, there are no known examples directly related to the present invention. As a patent document that solves the same problem, there is, for example, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 20002-167879. In this gazette, the inner and outer walls, floors, and roof base materials of conventional wooden buildings are made of pure wood only, and the required strength of the required shape while applying adhesive to the contact surfaces of the smallest solid wood for high insulation and high airtightness. A construction method has been proposed in which a panel is molded and then laid between side panels. However, in this panel construction method, there is no description such as using steamed and dried wood as a member, or using a member with a special shape processing. In this panel construction method, there is a concern that the airtightness is impaired when the joint surface peels off due to aging and humidity control of the members. In addition, a specialist engineer is required for the panel forming work and the field mounting work.

In the construction of a wooden house, a solid log board member that has been steamed and dried is treated with a specially shaped log member to ensure airtightness, while fixing the rigid body to the top and bottom lateral members one at a time, and There has been no idea of a construction method in which each log member is connected as a rigid body, fixed to the left and right lateral members and used as a load bearing wall.
JP 2002-167879 A JP 2003-176585 A

Problems to be solved by the invention

  Conventional timber framed wooden houses using solid materials are inferior in heat insulation and airtightness, and use heat insulation on the wall. In addition, bracing and studs were required between the side bracings, and different job types were required before the construction was completed, each requiring man-hours. Solve these issues.

Means for solving the problem

  In the construction method of the bearing wall according to the present invention, a solid plank member made to a thickness sufficient to give heat insulation properties is steamed and dried, and then airtight on the left and right sides, such as hires and saps. Processing is performed, and slit processing is further performed on the upper and lower ends, and this member is used as the minimum element of the surface configuration. Hereinafter, this minimum element member is referred to as a log member, a polyhedron core inserted into the groove of the hiring rod, a liner, and a connecting plate inserted between the slits of the upper and lower ends of the log member and the slits of the inner surfaces of the upper and lower lateral members are referred to as plates. . Of the plates, the bearing wall is referred to as a bearing plate, and the non-bearing wall is referred to as a non-bearing plate.

  For the wall, between the lateral members in contact with the log member, this log member is rigidly fixed to the upper and lower lateral members with a dowel or pin via a load bearing plate, and the log members including the left and right lateral members are lined together. In addition, the log member is rigidly fixed with dowels and pins to form a panel, and this panel is fixed to the left and right lateral members with pins and dowels using either of the left and right lateral members as a movable column. To do. The log members can be connected one by one or several units.

  In addition, one or several log members are hermetically connected to the roof base and floor, and laid in a predetermined space, and fixed to a base or a girder with bolts or screws. When constructing the ceiling of the second floor, the log member surface is hermetically connected to the upper part of the girders in the same manner as the floor part, and is laid in a predetermined space, and is fixed to the transverse material with bolts or screws.

  In addition, caulking is applied to the inside of the contact surface between the log member surface and the structural member of the casing to ensure sealing and airtightness at the peripheral edge. In addition, caulking is applied to the outside and sealed with a peripheral edge or drainage to ensure airtightness and waterproofness.

  In addition, when sharing a log member wall as an outer wall in a fire prevention regulated area, a log member that has been subjected to fire prevention and surface temperature hardening treatment according to the regulated area or an external wall such as a fireproof new building material or brick outside the log member wall can do.

The invention's effect

Since the present invention is a surface construction method using a thick plate member that has been steamed and dried, the following effects are obtained.
○ This construction method can counteract tensile stress by fixing the rigid body to the side plate with a plate, and counteracting shear stress between the log members using dowels and fixing the body to the side material. A load bearing wall can be constructed using log members in the work. The number of members is small, the wall construction method is simple, and even non-specialists can participate in this work, reducing the construction man-hours.
○ Although it is a wooden house that uses only wood, the surface components that occupy the majority of the building are stable and have excellent heat insulation and airtightness, combined with the heat storage effect of wood, it is comfortable with low heating and cooling power costs. Residential property can be secured.
○ Since no heat insulating materials or new building materials are used on the face walls, no harmful substances are released into the room, ensuring good comfort in terms of safety, health, humidity control and healing.
○ Since the wall surface is composed of one piece inside and outside, it is easy to monitor the wall surface and rehome easily. In particular, electrical work and piping work can be surface work, and man-hours can be reduced.
○ Because it is a wooden house that uses only timber, it can contribute to the prevention and conservation of global environmental pollution and resource conservation during demolition processing, further activation of forestry, conservation of forests and flood control, and environmental protection.

  FIG. 1 is an overall view of a wooden house according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which (A) is a front view and (B) is a side view. As log member surfaces used in this wooden house in FIG. 1, roof base R, bearing wall W, non-bearing wall W1, opening Z, floor F, log member 6, fixed column 3, movable column 4, girder 5 from above , Foundation 2 and foundation 1 are shown.

  FIG. 2 is a completed view of the load-bearing wall W according to the present invention. FIG. 2A is a front view of the load-bearing wall W constructed in a space surrounded by the fixed column 3, the movable column 4, the girder 5 and the base 2. Consists of six log members (6-1, 6-2, -----), and each log member is rigidly connected with a dowel, and rigidly connected with 5 and 2 or 3 or 4 with a pin. 3 is a pin 8 and is rigidly connected to 2 and 5. (B) is an AA sectional view of (A), a section of the liner 20 inserted between 3 and 6-1 on the left and between 6-1 and 6-2, a slit 21 on the right, The cross section of the burrow hole 26 of the driven pins 8 and 4 is shown. Here, the movable column 4 is in the position of the dotted line in advance, and the column 4 is fitted into the last log member 6 and then returned to the original position. Next, the enforcement procedure of this bearing wall W is demonstrated.

FIG. 3 shows an operation procedure for rigidly connecting the first log member 6 to the left fixed column 3. First, in (A), the liner 20 is attached to 3 and the two load-bearing plates 21 are attached to the upper and lower girders 5 and the base 2 and fixed by the pins 8. Next, in (B), 6 is passed through 21 and rigidly connected to 3 and 5 and 2 with pins 8 and dowels 24. In the same manner, a new log member is rigidly connected to the previous log member and the upper and lower transverse members one by one.
FIG. 4 shows an operation procedure for rigidly connecting the last log member 6 to the right movable column 4. The liner 20 is attached to the 6, the movable column 4 that has been moved in advance is fitted back to the original position, and the wedges 7 are driven into the tenon holes of the girder 5 and the base 2, respectively. Further, the dowel 24 is driven through the log member 6 from the outside of 4 to fix the rigid body. Further, a pin 8 is driven into the movable column 4, and 4 is rigidly connected to 5 and 2. Sections into which the above 24 and 7 are driven are shown in (B) and (C). As described above, each log member is constructed between the transverse members and becomes a bearing wall.

The log member (usually too thick plate material) constituting the bearing wall W is subjected to steaming / drying treatment and further fire prevention / surface high temperature curing treatment depending on the application prior to the enforcement work. FIG. 5A shows a cross-sectional view in which log members having different polyhedron shapes such as a, b, and c are hermetically connected, where a and b are hiring process, and c is main process. These log members have a thickness of 45-60 mm and an average width of 120 mm and are shown in (B), (C) and (D). Member length depends on application.
6A and 6B show a plate that is rigidly connected to a log member and a girder or a base. FIG. 6A shows a case where dowel holes are not processed in advance, and FIG. 6B shows a case where dowel holes are processed in advance.

  FIG. 7 shows an embodiment in which the log member surface is applied to the roof lower part R, the non-bearing wall W1, and the first and second floors F. Here, as a measure against high airtightness, in the indoor portion, caulking is applied to the portion where the wall contacts the base 2, the pillars 3, 4, and the girder 5, and sealed at the periphery. In the outdoor area, apply caulking and take measures against water proofing with a drain or metal plate.

  The present invention relates to a construction method of a load bearing surface and a non-bearing surface, in which inner and outer walls between horizontal members of a conventional wooden building are finished with high heat insulation and high air tightness using only solid wood. It can also be used for surface construction methods such as external walls, sleeve walls, inner walls, partition walls of reinforced concrete and steel buildings, load-bearing partitions of apartment buildings, and general workpieces.

Wooden house constructed with log members Bearing wall constructed with log members Work procedure at the start of bearing wall construction Work procedure at the end of bearing wall construction Log members with shaving of various shapes Log members and various plates Wooden house with log surface applied to each surface

Explanation of symbols

F Floor R Roof bottom W Bearing wall W1 Non-bearing wall Z Opening a, b Cross section of the hired vine liner c Cross section 1 of the main sash Foundation 2 Base 3 Fixed column 4 Movable column 5 Girder 6 Log member 7 Moving column fixing wedge 8 Fixed column fixing pin 20 Liner 21 Slit 24 provided on the digit 24 Log member fixing dowel 26 Moving column

Claims (5)

As a member according to this patent, a solid plank member made to a thickness sufficient to give heat insulation properties is steamed, dried or steamed, dried, fire-proofed, or surface high temperature cured, A log member with slits (grooves) on the top and bottom ends is used. The wall may be constructed from either the left or right column between the horizontal members. For example, when building from the left column, the shape of both sides of the log member is on the inner surface (the surface in contact with the log member) of the left and right horizontal members (columns). In addition, the slit processing corresponding to the slit shapes of the upper and lower ends of the log member is performed in advance on the inner surface of the upper and lower lateral members (the surface in contact with the log member). Further, the right column is moved in the right direction in advance by giving a margin to the right side of the horizontal hole (girder, base) of the horizontal processing material above and below the right column.
When constructing a bearing wall, first use the left column as a fixed column, install a liner in the shaving groove of the column, install a strength plate in the slit machining groove of the upper and lower side members, and use dowels and pins on the upper and lower side members. After fixing, the first log member is fitted into the fixed column through the load-bearing plate, and the log member is rigidly fixed to the load-bearing plate and the left column with dowels or pins. Next, the liner is attached to the first log member, the strength plate is attached to the upper and lower lateral members, the dowels and pins are fixed, the second log member is passed through this strength plate, and the first log member is fitted. The members are rigidly fixed to the load bearing plate and the first log member with dowels or pins, and the subsequent log members are connected to the previous log member one by one. After fitting the right column that had been moved in the right direction in advance to the last log member in the same work procedure and returning it to the original position, this right column was attached to the upper and lower horizontal members and the last log member with dowels and pins. To fix the rigid body. A wedge is driven in and fixed to the marginal hole in the upper and lower horizontal members. Depending on the application, instead of inserting the log members one by one, a plurality of log members, for example, two log members connected by hiring can be inserted as a unit, but in this case, two load-bearing plates are used. . Also, when using a column with no horns instead of a movable column, after fitting this movable column into the last log member and returning it to its original position, fix this right column to the upper and lower horizontal members with fixing brackets. To do. As described above, it is characterized by constructing a wall while fitting log members one by one on the site using movable columns, pre-processed laterally added members, hired slab processed log members, liners, load bearing plates, dowels and pins Construction method for bearing walls.   The construction method for a non-bearing wall according to claim 1, wherein the construction is performed using a non-bearing plate instead of the bearing plate. As a member according to this patent, both sides of the long side are treated by steaming / drying treatment or steaming / drying / fireproofing treatment or surface high temperature curing treatment of a solid plank member made to a sufficient thickness to give heat insulation properties In addition, a log member in which the shape processing of the actual fruit (Zane) and the slits (grooves) in the upper and lower ends are used. The wall may be constructed from either the left or right column between the horizontal members. For example, when building from the left column, the shape of both sides of the log member is on the inner surface (the surface in contact with the log member) of the left and right horizontal members (columns). Slit processing corresponding to the slit shapes of the upper and lower ends of the log member is applied in advance to the processing corresponding to the processing and also to the inner surfaces (surfaces in contact with the log member) of the upper and lower lateral members. Further, the right column is moved in the right direction in advance by giving a margin in the right direction to the hollow holes of the upper and lower horizontal members (girder, base) of the right column.
When constructing a bearing wall, first install the bearing plate in the slit grooves of the upper and lower lateral members, and then insert the first log member into this bearing plate and fit it into the fixed column of the left column with dowels and pins on the upper and lower lateral members. The log member is fixed, and the log member is rigidly fixed to the load bearing plate and the left column with a dowel or a pin. Next, load-proof plates are attached to the upper and lower horizontal members and fixed with dowels or pins. The second log member is inserted into the first log member through this load-bearing plate, and this log member is attached to the load-bearing plate and the first log member. Fix the rigid body with dowels or pins and connect the log members one after the other to the previous log member. After fitting the right column that had been moved in the right direction in advance to the last log member in the same work procedure and returning it to the original position, this right column was used as the load bearing plate, the upper and lower lateral members and the last log member. Fix the rigid body with dowels or pins. A wedge is driven in and fixed to the marginal hole in the upper and lower horizontal members. Depending on the application, instead of fitting the log members one by one, a plurality of log members, for example, two log members that are connected to each other can be fitted as a unit, but in this case, two load-bearing plates are used. . Also, when using a column with no horns instead of a movable column, after fitting this movable column into the last log member and returning it to its original position, fix this right column to the upper and lower horizontal members with fixing brackets. To do. As described above, a load bearing wall is characterized in that a wall is constructed by inserting log members one by one in the field using a movable column, pre-processed laterally-added material, a log member that has been processed into a solid shape, a load-bearing plate, a dowel and a pin. Construction method.   The construction method of a non-bearing wall according to claim 3, wherein the construction is performed by using a non-bearing plate instead of the bearing plate.   A construction method for a wooden building using a surface construction method, wherein the method according to claim 1, claim 2, claim 3, or claim 4 is applied in whole or in part.

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