JP2005336293A - Carbonization apparatus - Google Patents

Carbonization apparatus Download PDF

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JP2005336293A
JP2005336293A JP2004156042A JP2004156042A JP2005336293A JP 2005336293 A JP2005336293 A JP 2005336293A JP 2004156042 A JP2004156042 A JP 2004156042A JP 2004156042 A JP2004156042 A JP 2004156042A JP 2005336293 A JP2005336293 A JP 2005336293A
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rotary valve
carbonization
carbide
carbonized
temperature
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JP3937232B2 (en
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Saihei Yano
宰平 矢野
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Tomoe Engineering Co Ltd
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Tomoe Engineering Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a means for preventing a temperature of a carbonized sludge in the inside of a carbonization tube from being lowered by discharging a high-temperature carbonized product to be discharged from a carbonization furnace while shielding air by a rotary valve, and thereafter spraying water thereon. <P>SOLUTION: The high-temperature carbonized product discharged from the carbonization furnace kept at negative pressure by sucking a combustion gas by a ventilating fan 15 while blocking the inflow of open air by a rotary valve 4a installed in the inlet of a material to be carbonized, and a rotary valve 4b (e.g. the water-cooled one) having a cooling structure, and installed in the outlet of the carbonized product, is discharged from the rotary valve 4b having the cooling structure, and thereafter the moisturizing water is sprayed thereon. Preferably, a rotary valve 4c is installed at the downstream of the rotary valve 4b, and the air is flowed in from the position between them to surely prevent the inflow of water vapor to the carbonization tube. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、下水汚泥や畜産廃棄物などを乾留して炭化する技術、特に生成された炭化物に加湿を行う手段を備えた炭化装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a technique for carbonizing sewage sludge, livestock waste, etc. by carbonization, and more particularly to a carbonization apparatus provided with means for humidifying the generated carbide.

このような汚泥や畜産廃棄物などを乾留炭化する能率の良い炭化炉としてはスクリュー式炭化管を利用したものが知られている（特開２００１−１９２６６８号、特開２００１−１９２６６９号など）。   As an efficient carbonization furnace for carbonizing such sludge, livestock waste, etc., one using a screw-type carbonization tube is known (JP 2001-192668, JP 2001-192669, etc.).

従来技術の詳細を図１に、同図の概略を図２に示した。
炭化炉２は、外殻を耐火物で内張した炉体５、炉体の内部を貫通した１段〜数段のスクリュー式炭化管１ａ〜１ｃ、及び炭化管を加熱するための乾留ガス燃焼室３から構成される。炭化に要する熱は加熱バーナ６及び生成した乾留ガスの燃焼により供給され、排気は排気ファン１５により引き出される。排気ファンは炭化管から乾留ガスを引き出す役目をする。炭化管を外気から遮断するために被炭化物の供給口にロータリーバルブ４ａが、炭化物の出口にロータリーバルブ４ｂがそれぞれ設けられている。 The details of the prior art are shown in FIG. 1, and the outline of the figure is shown in FIG.
The carbonization furnace 2 includes a furnace body 5 whose outer shell is lined with a refractory, a one-stage to several-stage screw-type carbonization pipes 1a to 1c penetrating the inside of the furnace body, and dry distillation gas combustion for heating the carbonization pipe Composed of chamber 3. The heat required for carbonization is supplied by the combustion of the heating burner 6 and the generated dry distillation gas, and the exhaust gas is drawn out by the exhaust fan 15. The exhaust fan serves to draw dry distillation gas from the carbonization tube. A rotary valve 4a is provided at the supply port of the object to be carbonized and a rotary valve 4b is provided at the outlet of the carbide to block the carbonization pipe from the outside air.

被炭化物は、ロータリーバルブ４ａを経て、モータ８により駆動されているスクリュー式炭化管１ａ〜１ｃ内部を順に搬送されながら直接火炎と接触することなく加熱され、水分蒸発及び熱分解の工程を移行する。炭化炉から排出した熱分解後の高温炭化物は、冷却装置９で冷却し、貯留槽１４に取り出す。乾留ガスは、炭化管に明けたノズル７から吐出させ乾留ガス燃焼室３で燃焼させる。被炭化物は、乾留ガス燃焼により４００〜１０００℃の温度に加熱され、炭化する。   The object to be carbonized is heated without being in direct contact with the flame while being sequentially conveyed through the rotary valve 4a through the screw type carbonized pipes 1a to 1c driven by the motor 8, and the process of moisture evaporation and pyrolysis is shifted. . The high-temperature carbide after pyrolysis discharged from the carbonization furnace is cooled by the cooling device 9 and taken out to the storage tank 14. The dry distillation gas is discharged from the nozzle 7 opened in the carbonization tube and burned in the dry distillation gas combustion chamber 3. The carbonized material is heated to a temperature of 400 to 1000 ° C. by carbonization gas combustion and carbonized.

炭化物を利用或いは貯留する場合、高温のままでは都合が悪いから、間接冷却や直接冷却を単独又は併用して常温にまで冷却する。図１の従来例では、冷却装置９はスクリューコンベヤ１０の周りに設けたジャケットに入口１１から冷却水を導入し出口１２から取り出す間接冷却と、スクリューコンベヤ１０の内部に入口１３から加湿水を直接噴霧する併用方式を用いている。従来技術で、加湿水を高温の炭化物に直接噴霧する場合、加湿冷却後の炭化物をロータリーバルブ４ｂから貯槽１４に排出する。   When using or storing carbide, it is inconvenient at high temperatures, so indirect cooling or direct cooling is used alone or in combination to cool to room temperature. In the conventional example of FIG. 1, the cooling device 9 introduces cooling water from an inlet 11 into a jacket provided around the screw conveyor 10 and takes out the cooling water from the outlet 12, and directly supplies humidified water from the inlet 13 into the screw conveyor 10. A spraying combination system is used. In the prior art, when the humidified water is sprayed directly on the high-temperature carbide, the humidified and cooled carbide is discharged from the rotary valve 4 b to the storage tank 14.

特開２００１−１９２６６８号公報JP 2001-192668 A 特開２００１−１９２６６９号公報JP 2001-192669 A

高温の炭化物に加湿水を噴霧して冷却した後にロータリーバルブを設ける前記技術では、噴霧個所で発生した水蒸気が、燃焼ガスの排気ファンに吸引されて炭化管に流入する結果、炭化管内で炭化物の温度を低下させ未炭化物を生成させる原因となる。
下水汚泥から製造した炭化汚泥の未炭化物は、自己発熱特性を有し、冷却後の炭化物でも発熱によって燃焼する事故が起きる可能性がある。
本発明の目的はこれらの課題を解決することにある。 In the above-mentioned technology in which humidified water is sprayed on a high-temperature carbide and cooled, and then a rotary valve is provided, water vapor generated at the spraying location is sucked into the combustion gas exhaust fan and flows into the carbonization tube. This causes the temperature to be lowered and uncarburized to be generated.
Uncarburized carbonized sludge produced from sewage sludge has self-heating characteristics, and there is a possibility that accidents may occur due to heat generation even when the carbide is cooled.
The object of the present invention is to solve these problems.

本発明の要点は、炭化炉から排出する高温の炭化物をロータリーバルブで空気を遮断しながら排出させ、その後に水を噴霧させることによって、炭化管内部の炭化汚泥の温度を低下させない手段を提供することにある。   The gist of the present invention is to provide means for reducing the temperature of the carbonized sludge inside the carbonized pipe by discharging high-temperature carbide discharged from the carbonization furnace while shutting off the air with a rotary valve and then spraying water. There is.

図３に示した本発明の第１の形態による炭化装置は、被炭化物入口に設けたロータリーバルブ４ａと炭化物出口に設けた冷却機構付ロータリーバルブ４ｂ(例えば水冷)で外気の流入を遮断し、燃焼ガスを排気ファン１５で吸引して負圧に保った炭化炉から排出した高温の炭化物を、冷却機構付ロータリーバルブ４ｂから排出し、その後に加湿水を噴霧することを特徴とする。
本発明では、従来技術で加湿した際に発生する水蒸気が炭化炉内部の負圧によってスクリュー式炭化管に流入していたものを、冷却機構付としたロータリーバルブ(４ｂ)の後で噴霧して、水蒸気の炭化管への流入を防止することによって解決している。 The carbonization apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 3 shuts off the inflow of outside air with a rotary valve 4a provided at the carbide inlet and a rotary valve 4b with a cooling mechanism provided at the carbide outlet (for example, water cooling), The high-temperature carbide discharged from the carbonization furnace in which the combustion gas is sucked by the exhaust fan 15 and maintained at a negative pressure is discharged from the rotary valve 4b with a cooling mechanism, and then humidified water is sprayed.
In the present invention, the water vapor generated when humidifying in the prior art flows into the screw-type carbonization tube due to the negative pressure inside the carbonization furnace is sprayed after the rotary valve (4b) with a cooling mechanism. This is solved by preventing water vapor from flowing into the carbonized tube.

図４に示した本発明の第２の形態による炭化装置は、第１の形態の炭化装置における水蒸気の流入防止機構をさらに確実に実施したものである。この形態の発明による炭化装置は、被炭化物入口に設けたロータリーバルブ４ａと炭化物出口に設けた冷却機構付ロータリーバルブ４ｂおよび排気ファン１５で炭化炉内部を負圧に保ち、冷却機構付ロータリーバルブ４ｂの後にさらにロータリーバルブ４ｃを設け、ロータリーバルブ４ｂとロータリーバルブ４ｃの間から空気を流入させることにより、水蒸気が炭化管に流入することを確実に防止したことを特徴とする。図３に例示した第１の形態では、炭化炉出口で導入される加湿水が炭化物に触れることによって形成される水蒸気の一部が、ロータリーバルブ４ｂを通して炭化炉に流入するおそれがあったが、この実施の形態ではそのおそれが解消される。   The carbonization apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 4 is a more reliable implementation of the water vapor inflow prevention mechanism in the carbonization apparatus of the first embodiment. The carbonization apparatus according to the invention of this embodiment is configured such that the inside of the carbonization furnace is kept at a negative pressure by the rotary valve 4a provided at the carbide inlet, the rotary valve 4b with cooling mechanism provided at the carbide outlet and the exhaust fan 15, and the rotary valve 4b with cooling mechanism. After that, a rotary valve 4c is further provided, and air is allowed to flow from between the rotary valve 4b and the rotary valve 4c, thereby reliably preventing water vapor from flowing into the carbonized tube. In the first embodiment illustrated in FIG. 3, there is a possibility that a part of the water vapor formed when the humidified water introduced at the carbonization furnace outlet comes into contact with the carbide flows into the carbonization furnace through the rotary valve 4b. This embodiment eliminates this fear.

以上に説明したように、本発明による炭化装置の加湿水の噴霧方式は、発生した水蒸気が炭化管に流れ込み、被炭化物の温度を低下させ、未炭化物を発生するのを防止する。   As described above, the humidification water spraying method of the carbonization apparatus according to the present invention prevents the generated water vapor from flowing into the carbonization pipe, lowering the temperature of the object to be carbonized, and generating uncarbonized material.

以下、本発明の好適な実施形態について説明する。本発明の炭化炉は、炭化炉出口で炭化物に加湿を行う冷却装置を除いて従来と同様の構造を有するので、以下でも炭化炉の部分は図１を参照して行う。
［実施例１］ Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described. Since the carbonization furnace of the present invention has the same structure as that of the prior art except for the cooling device that humidifies the carbide at the outlet of the carbonization furnace, the part of the carbonization furnace will be described below with reference to FIG.
[Example 1]

図３の炭化装置は、図１の詳細図および図２に示した図１の概略図に示した従来技術における加湿水の入口を、冷却機構付とした耐熱性のロータリーバルブ４ｂの後に設置したものである。
外殻を耐火物で内張した炉体５および炉内部を貫通した１段〜数段のスクリュー式炭化管１ａ〜１ｃから構成した炭化炉２は、被炭化物入口に設けたロータリーバルブ４ａと炭化物出口に設けたロータリーバルブ４ｂで外気の流入を遮断し、燃焼ガスを排気ファン１５で吸引して、炭化炉内部の圧力を外気圧より水柱で１０ｍｍ程度低く保持している。
ロータリーバルブ４ａから供給された被炭化物は、スクリュー式炭化管１ａ〜１ｃ内部を搬送されながら直接火炎と接触することなく加熱され、水分蒸発及び熱分解の工程を移行する。乾留ガスは、炭化管１ａ〜１ｃに明けたノズル７から吐出させ、乾留ガス燃焼室３で燃焼させる。被炭化物は、乾留ガス燃焼により４００〜１０００℃の温度に加熱され、炭化する。炭化炉２から排出した熱分解後の高温炭化物は、冷却機構付のロータリーバルブ４ｂから排出した後に、噴霧ノズル１６から加湿水を炭化物に噴霧・冷却する。なお、ロータリーバルブ４ｂの前後に従来技術に採用している間接冷却機構付きのスクリューコンベヤ９などを併設しても良い。 In the carbonization apparatus of FIG. 3, the inlet of the humidified water in the prior art shown in the detailed view of FIG. 1 and the schematic diagram of FIG. 1 shown in FIG. 2 is installed after the heat-resistant rotary valve 4b with a cooling mechanism. Is.
A carbonization furnace 2 composed of a furnace body 5 whose outer shell is lined with a refractory and a one-stage to several-stage screw-type carbonization pipes 1a to 1c penetrating the inside of the furnace includes a rotary valve 4a provided at the carbide inlet and a carbide. The rotary valve 4b provided at the outlet shuts off the inflow of outside air, the combustion gas is sucked by the exhaust fan 15, and the pressure inside the carbonization furnace is kept about 10 mm lower than the outside pressure by the water column.
The to-be-carburized material supplied from the rotary valve 4a is heated without being in direct contact with the flame while being conveyed through the screw-type carbonization tubes 1a to 1c, and the process of moisture evaporation and thermal decomposition is shifted. The dry distillation gas is discharged from the nozzle 7 opened in the carbonization tubes 1 a to 1 c and burned in the dry distillation gas combustion chamber 3. The carbonized material is heated to a temperature of 400 to 1000 ° C. by carbonization gas combustion and carbonized. The high-temperature carbide after pyrolysis discharged from the carbonization furnace 2 is discharged from the rotary valve 4b with a cooling mechanism, and then humidified water is sprayed and cooled from the spray nozzle 16 to the carbide. A screw conveyor 9 with an indirect cooling mechanism, which is used in the prior art, may be provided before and after the rotary valve 4b.

この実施例では、加湿した際に発生する水蒸気が炭化炉内部の負圧によってスクリュー式炭化管に流入するのを、冷却機構付ロータリーバルブ４ｂで炭化管１ａ〜１ｃへの流入を防止することによって被炭化物の温度低下を防止して、未炭化物の発生を防いでいる。
［実施例２］ In this embodiment, the steam generated when humidified flows into the screw-type carbonized pipe due to the negative pressure inside the carbonization furnace by preventing the steam-type rotary valve 4b from flowing into the carbonized pipes 1a to 1c. The temperature reduction of the to-be-carburized material is prevented, and the generation of uncarburized material is prevented.
[Example 2]

図４の炭化装置は、上記した実施例１の水蒸気の流入防止機構をさらに確実に実施したものである。この実施例による炭化装置は、炭化物を排出する冷却機構付ロータリーバルブ４ｂの後にさらにロータリーバルブ４ｃを設け、ロータリーバルブ４ｂとロータリーバルブ４ｃの間から空気を流入させ、この空気により図３に示した機構よりもさらに水蒸気の流入防止を確実にしたことを特徴とする。なお、ロータリーバルブ４ｂとロータリーバルブ４ｃ間の空気の流入には図５に示したような機構を用いることができる。
図５の（ａ）は管路２０の一部に空気ノズル２１を介して空気を導入する例であり、図５の（ｂ）は、炭化物の流路２０に直径の異なる部分を設けて互いに差し込み、空気取り入れ口２２を形成し、空気を自然流入させる。 The carbonization apparatus of FIG. 4 is a more reliable implementation of the water vapor inflow prevention mechanism of Example 1 described above. In the carbonization apparatus according to this embodiment, a rotary valve 4c is further provided after the rotary valve 4b with a cooling mechanism for discharging carbide, and air is introduced from between the rotary valve 4b and the rotary valve 4c. It is characterized by further preventing the inflow of water vapor than the mechanism. Note that a mechanism as shown in FIG. 5 can be used for the inflow of air between the rotary valve 4b and the rotary valve 4c.
FIG. 5A is an example in which air is introduced into a part of the pipe line 20 via the air nozzle 21, and FIG. 5B is a diagram in which parts having different diameters are provided in the carbide channel 20 to each other. The air inlet 22 is formed, and air is naturally introduced.

この実施例においても、ロータリーバルブ(４ｂ)の前およびロータリーバルブ(４ｃ)の後に従来技術に採用している図１に示したような間接冷却機構付きのスクリューコンベヤ９などを併設しても良い。   Also in this embodiment, a screw conveyor 9 with an indirect cooling mechanism as shown in FIG. 1 employed in the prior art may be provided before the rotary valve (4b) and after the rotary valve (4c). .

従来のスクリュー式炭化管を用いた炭化炉の詳細を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the detail of the carbonization furnace using the conventional screw type carbonization pipe | tube. 従来のスクリュー式炭化管を用いた炭化炉の概略図である。It is the schematic of the carbonization furnace using the conventional screw type carbonization pipe. 本発明による炭化物冷却手段を備えた、スクリュー式炭化管を用いた炭化炉の概略図である。It is the schematic of the carbonization furnace using the screw-type carbonization pipe | tube provided with the carbide | carbonized_material cooling means by this invention. 本発明による他の炭化物冷却手段を備えた、スクリュー式炭化管を用いた炭化炉の概略図である。It is the schematic of the carbonization furnace using the screw type carbonization pipe | tube provided with the other carbide cooling means by this invention. 炭化炉出口において水蒸気を遮断するための空気取り入れ手段を示す概略図である。It is the schematic which shows the air intake means for interrupting | blocking water vapor | steam in a carbonization furnace exit.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ａ〜１ｃ スクリュー式炭化管
２ 炭化炉
３ 燃焼室
４ａ 供給側のロータリーバルブ
４ｂ 出口側のロータリーバルブ
４ｃ 冷却部のロータリーバルブ
５ 炉体
６ 加熱バーナ
７ ノズル
８ モータ
９ 冷却装置
１０ スクリューコンベヤ
１１ 入口
１２ 出口
１３ 加湿水入口
１４ 貯槽
１６ 加湿水ノズル
１７ 空気供給口
１８ 加湿水ノズル DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1a-1c Screw type carbonization pipe 2 Carbonization furnace 3 Combustion chamber 4a Supply side rotary valve 4b Outlet side rotary valve 4c Cooling unit rotary valve 5 Furnace body 6 Heating burner 7 Nozzle 8 Motor 9 Cooling device 10 Screw conveyor 11 Inlet 12 Outlet 13 Humidification water inlet 14 Storage tank 16 Humidification water nozzle 17 Air supply port 18 Humidification water nozzle

Claims (3)

被炭化物入口に設けたロータリーバルブ（４ａ）と炭化物出口に設けた第１ロータリーバルブ（４ｂ）で空気の流入をほぼ遮断して、低酸素雰囲気に保ったスクリュー式炭化管中の被炭化物を炭化管の外部を加熱して乾留するスクリュー式炭化炉で、乾留ガス燃焼室の燃焼ガスを吸引排気して炭化炉の内圧を外気圧より低く保った炭化物の製造装置であって、炭化物出口の前記第２ロータリーバルブ（４ｂ）から排出した炭化物に加湿水を噴霧する手段を設け、炭化物の温度を下げる構造とした炭化装置。 The rotary valve (4a) provided at the carbide inlet and the first rotary valve (4b) provided at the carbide outlet substantially block the inflow of air and carbonize the carbide in the screw-type carbonization tube maintained in a low oxygen atmosphere. A screw type carbonization furnace that heats the outside of a pipe to dry distillation, and is an apparatus for producing a carbide in which the combustion gas in a dry distillation gas combustion chamber is sucked and exhausted to keep the internal pressure of the carbonization furnace lower than the external pressure. A carbonization apparatus having a structure for reducing the temperature of the carbide by providing means for spraying humidified water to the carbide discharged from the second rotary valve (4b). 炭化物出口の前記第２ロータリーバルブ（４ｂ）の後に第３ロータリーバルブ（４ｃ）を設置し、前記第２及び第３ロータリーバルブ（４ｂ）と（４ｃ）の中間に空気の流入口を設け、且つ前記第３ロータリーバルブ（４ｃ）の後に前記加湿水を噴霧する手段を設け、炭化物の温度を下げる構造とした請求項１に記載の炭化装置。 A third rotary valve (4c) is installed after the second rotary valve (4b) at the carbide outlet, an air inlet is provided between the second and third rotary valves (4b) and (4c), and The carbonization apparatus according to claim 1, wherein means for spraying the humidified water is provided after the third rotary valve (4c) to lower the temperature of the carbide. 炭化物出口のロータリーバルブ（４ｂ）は冷却機構付きである請求項１又は２に記載の炭化装置。
The carbonization device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the rotary valve (4b) at the carbide outlet has a cooling mechanism.
JP2004156042A 2004-05-26 2004-05-26 Carbonization equipment Expired - Lifetime JP3937232B2 (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009079118A (en) * 2007-09-26 2009-04-16 Mhi Environment Engineering Co Ltd Carbide reserving and conveying device and method for it
JP2009249553A (en) * 2008-04-09 2009-10-29 Nippon Sharyo Seizo Kaisha Ltd Equipment for manufacturing carbonized matter and method for manufacturing carbonized matter
KR101239111B1 (en) * 2011-03-10 2013-03-11 주식회사 에스시티 Continuous carbonization apparatus for manufacturing charcoal
JP2016124897A (en) * 2014-12-26 2016-07-11 電源開発株式会社 Material to be processed processing system and processing method

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009079118A (en) * 2007-09-26 2009-04-16 Mhi Environment Engineering Co Ltd Carbide reserving and conveying device and method for it
JP2009249553A (en) * 2008-04-09 2009-10-29 Nippon Sharyo Seizo Kaisha Ltd Equipment for manufacturing carbonized matter and method for manufacturing carbonized matter
KR101239111B1 (en) * 2011-03-10 2013-03-11 주식회사 에스시티 Continuous carbonization apparatus for manufacturing charcoal
JP2016124897A (en) * 2014-12-26 2016-07-11 電源開発株式会社 Material to be processed processing system and processing method

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