JP2005325925A - Lubricating device of gear mechanism - Google Patents

Lubricating device of gear mechanism Download PDF

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JP2005325925A
JP2005325925A JP2004144720A JP2004144720A JP2005325925A JP 2005325925 A JP2005325925 A JP 2005325925A JP 2004144720 A JP2004144720 A JP 2004144720A JP 2004144720 A JP2004144720 A JP 2004144720A JP 2005325925 A JP2005325925 A JP 2005325925A
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lubricating oil
gear
gear mechanism
injection
lubricating
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JP4665434B2 (en
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Tomoya Kuroyanagi
知也 黒柳
Hideto Watanabe
秀人 渡邉
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Toyota Motor Corp
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/0456—Lubrication by injection; Injection nozzles or tubes therefor

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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Details Of Gearings (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a lubricating device of a gear mechanism, reducing power loss due to the supply of lubricating oil in supplying lubricating oil to the gear mechanism. <P>SOLUTION: This lubricating device of the gear mechanism has a pair of gears 3 meshing with each other and supplies lubricating oil to the meshing part of the paired gears 3. The lubricating device includes: detection means 9, 10, 11 for detecting the rotation of the paired gears; and lubricating oil injection means 4, 6, 8, 9 intermittently operated in synchronization with the rotation of the paired gears 3 detected by the detection means 9, 10, 11 to inject lubricating oil to the tooth flank 5 in the meshing part. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

この発明は、歯車機構の潤滑油が必要な部位に潤滑油を供給する歯車機構の潤滑装置に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a lubricating device for a gear mechanism that supplies lubricating oil to a portion of the gear mechanism that requires lubricating oil.

従来から、歯車機構において、相互に噛合された歯車、あるいは軸受の内輪および外輪と転動体となどでは、相対回転する回転部材同士の発熱、焼き付き、摩耗などを抑制するために、その発熱・摩耗部位に潤滑油を供給して、その部位を潤滑および冷却している。その潤滑油を供給する方式としては、つぎのような二つの方式が知られている。まず、第１の方式として、歯車機構下部に設けられたオイル溜まりの潤滑油を、歯車機構の一部を構成する回転部材により掻き上げるとともに、掻き上げた潤滑油を潤滑必要部に供給する方式（いわゆる「掻き上げ潤滑方式」）がある。また、第２の方式として、オイル溜まりの潤滑油を、オイルポンプで吸引し、その吸引した潤滑油を潤滑必要部に供給する方式（いわゆる「強制潤滑方式」）がある。   Conventionally, in a gear mechanism, a gear meshed with each other, or an inner ring and an outer ring of a bearing, and a rolling element, in order to suppress heat generation, seizure, wear, and the like of rotating members that rotate relative to each other, Lubricating oil is supplied to the site to lubricate and cool the site. The following two methods are known for supplying the lubricating oil. First, as a first system, a lubricating oil in an oil reservoir provided at the lower part of the gear mechanism is scooped up by a rotating member that constitutes a part of the gear mechanism, and the scrubbed lubricating oil is supplied to the lubrication-required part. (So-called “scraping lubrication system”). Further, as a second method, there is a method (so-called “forced lubrication method”) in which lubricating oil in an oil reservoir is sucked by an oil pump and the sucked lubricating oil is supplied to a lubrication required portion.

これら二つの方式を比較すると、「掻き上げ潤滑方式」の方が、オイルポンプを設ける必要が無い分、装置として小型軽量および低コストであるという利点を有している。その反面、この「掻き上げ潤滑方式」では、潤滑油が必要な量以上に掻き上げられることによる、いわゆる潤滑油の攪拌損失が大きくなる。   Comparing these two systems, the “scraping lubrication system” has the advantage that the apparatus is small, light, and low in cost because it is not necessary to provide an oil pump. On the other hand, in this “scraping lubrication method”, the so-called lubricating loss of the lubricating oil is increased due to the lubricating oil being scraped up beyond a necessary amount.

これに対して、「強制潤滑方式」では、オイルポンプなどを設けることにより、潤滑油を圧送し、潤滑油必要部に集中して供給することができ、上記の「掻き上げ潤滑方式」と比較して攪拌損失を低減することができる。このような「強制潤滑方式」の一例が特許文献１に記載されている。   In contrast, in the “forced lubrication method”, by providing an oil pump, etc., the lubricating oil can be pumped and concentratedly supplied to the necessary parts of the lubrication oil. Compared with the above “scraping lubrication method” Thus, stirring loss can be reduced. An example of such a “forced lubrication method” is described in Patent Document 1.

この特許文献１に記載されている歯車装置は、「強制潤滑方式」の潤滑油供給装置を備えた歯車装置全般を対象としていて、潤滑油は、歯車の噛み込み側に設けられた潤滑油供給ノズルから供給される。また、同様の「強制潤滑方式」の潤滑油供給装置を備えた歯車装置として、歯車対の噛み込み側と反噛み込み側の二箇所に潤滑油供給ノズルが設けられ、それら二箇所のノズルから潤滑油が供給される歯車装置の例が、特許文献２，３に記載されている。
特開平１１−３３７４４９号公報 特開２００２−３４０１５２号公報 特開平１０−１２２３１０号公報 The gear device described in Patent Document 1 is intended for all gear devices provided with a “forced lubrication type” lubricating oil supply device. Supplied from the nozzle. In addition, as a gear device equipped with a similar “forced lubrication type” lubricating oil supply device, lubricating oil supply nozzles are provided at two locations on the meshing side and the non-engaging side of the gear pair. Examples of gear devices to which lubricating oil is supplied are described in Patent Documents 2 and 3.
JP-A-11-337449 JP 2002-340152 A JP-A-10-122310

ところで、上記の特許文献１に記載されている「強制潤滑方式」の歯車装置は、歯車装置の歯面の焼き付き損傷を防止することを目的としていて、歯車装置の歯車対の噛み込み側から潤滑油が供給され、歯車対の反噛み込み側から排出される潤滑油の温度が検出されて監視される。そして、その検出された温度が、歯面の焼き付き損傷防止のために設けられた規定値を超えた場合に、警告を発するか、もしくは、負荷の軽減や給油量の増大などの焼き付き損傷の拡大を抑制する処置がおこなわれる。その一方で、この特許文献１に記載されている歯車装置では、例えばオイルポンプの駆動損失などの、潤滑油供給に伴う損失の低減に関しては考慮されていない。そのため、例えば、歯車装置の運転状態や歯車の歯の位置などを考慮せずに潤滑油が供給され続けることによって、潤滑油が必要量以上に供給される可能性がある。また、過剰に供給された潤滑油に対して歯車対の噛み合い部で圧縮力やせん断力が作用し、さらにはこれらに伴って過剰な潤滑油を排除するポンプ作用も生じるので、その圧縮力等による動力が消費されることもある。このように、過剰な潤滑油に対して何らかの動力が付与され、消費されるため、潤滑油の供給に伴う動力損失が増大してしまう場合があった。   By the way, the "forced lubrication type" gear device described in Patent Document 1 described above is lubricated from the biting side of the gear pair of the gear device for the purpose of preventing seizure damage of the tooth surface of the gear device. Oil is supplied and the temperature of the lubricating oil discharged from the counter-engagement side of the gear pair is detected and monitored. When the detected temperature exceeds the specified value for preventing seizure damage on the tooth surface, a warning is issued, or an increase in seizure damage such as a reduction in load or an increase in the amount of oil supply. Measures to suppress this are performed. On the other hand, in the gear device described in Patent Document 1, no consideration is given to the reduction of the loss accompanying the supply of lubricating oil, such as the drive loss of the oil pump. Therefore, for example, if the lubricant is continuously supplied without considering the operation state of the gear device, the position of the gear teeth, etc., there is a possibility that the lubricant is supplied more than necessary. In addition, compressive force and shear force act on the excessively supplied lubricating oil at the meshing portion of the gear pair, and further, a pumping action that eliminates excessive lubricating oil also occurs. Power may be consumed. In this way, some power is applied to the excessive lubricating oil and consumed, and thus power loss accompanying the supply of the lubricating oil may increase.

また、上記の特許文献２，３に記載されている「強制潤滑方式」の歯車の潤滑装置では、歯車に供給される潤滑油が、歯車の噛み込み側と反噛み込み側との相対する二方向から、潤滑油供給ノズルより噴射されて供給される。そのため、歯車の回転エネルギと、潤滑油供給ノズルより噴射される際の潤滑油の運動エネルギとが相殺されてしまい、結果として潤滑油の供給に伴って動力損失が増大してしまう場合があった。したがって、「強制潤滑方式」の潤滑油供給方式においても潤滑油の供給に伴う損失は発生し、この点に関して未だ改良の余地があった。   Further, in the “forced lubrication type” gear lubrication device described in Patent Documents 2 and 3 above, the lubricating oil supplied to the gear is in two opposing positions on the gear meshing side and the countermeshing side. From the direction, the oil is supplied from the lubricating oil supply nozzle. Therefore, the rotational energy of the gear and the kinetic energy of the lubricating oil when injected from the lubricating oil supply nozzle are offset, and as a result, the power loss may increase with the supply of the lubricating oil. . Therefore, even in the “forced lubrication type” lubricating oil supply system, there is a loss associated with the supply of the lubricating oil, and there is still room for improvement in this regard.

この発明は上記の事情を背景としてなされたものであり、潤滑油を歯車機構に供給することに伴う動力損失を低減することができる歯車機構の潤滑装置を提供することを目的としている。   The present invention has been made against the background of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a gear mechanism lubrication device that can reduce power loss caused by supplying lubricating oil to the gear mechanism.

上記の目的を達成するために、請求項１の発明は、互いに噛合する歯車対を有し、かつ前記歯車対の噛み合い部に潤滑油を供給する歯車機構の潤滑装置において、前記歯車対の回転を検出する検出手段と、その検出手段によって検出された前記歯車対の回転に同期して間欠的に動作することにより、前記噛み合い部における歯面に潤滑油を噴射する潤滑油噴射手段とを備えていることを特徴とするものである。   In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention provides a lubrication apparatus for a gear mechanism having gear pairs meshing with each other and supplying lubricating oil to meshing portions of the gear pairs. And a lubricating oil injection means for injecting lubricating oil onto the tooth surfaces of the meshing portion by intermittently operating in synchronization with the rotation of the gear pair detected by the detecting means. It is characterized by that.

また、請求項２の発明は、請求項１の発明において、前記潤滑油噴射手段は、前記噛み合い部における歯面のうち、回転方向の後側を向く歯面に、回転方向の後側から潤滑油を噴射する手段を有することを特徴とするものである。   According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the lubricating oil injection means lubricates the tooth surface facing the rear side in the rotational direction among the tooth surfaces in the meshing portion from the rear side in the rotational direction. It has the means to inject oil, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

請求項１の発明によれば、歯車機構の歯車対の噛み合い部の歯面に潤滑油が供給される場合、歯車対の回転に同期させられて、間欠的に、潤滑油が歯面に噴射される。そのため、必要なタイミングで、必要な量の潤滑油を歯車機構に供給することができ、潤滑油が過剰になるなどのことに起因する動力損失を低減することができる。   According to the first aspect of the present invention, when the lubricating oil is supplied to the tooth surface of the meshing portion of the gear pair of the gear mechanism, the lubricating oil is intermittently injected onto the tooth surface in synchronization with the rotation of the gear pair. Is done. Therefore, a necessary amount of lubricating oil can be supplied to the gear mechanism at a necessary timing, and power loss due to excessive lubricating oil can be reduced.

また、請求項２の発明によれば、歯車機構の歯車対の噛み合い部の歯面に潤滑油が供給される場合、歯車対の回転方向の後側から、潤滑油が歯面に噴射される。そのため、噴射される際に潤滑油が有する運動エネルギを、歯車対の回転力を補助するように機能させることができ、その結果、全体としての動力損失を低減することができる。   According to the invention of claim 2, when the lubricating oil is supplied to the tooth surface of the meshing portion of the gear pair of the gear mechanism, the lubricating oil is injected onto the tooth surface from the rear side in the rotation direction of the gear pair. . Therefore, the kinetic energy of the lubricating oil when injected can be made to function so as to assist the rotational force of the gear pair, and as a result, the power loss as a whole can be reduced.

つぎに、この発明を具体例に基づいて説明する。図１は、この発明の歯車機構の潤滑装置の構成を説明するための模式図である。図１において、歯車１および歯車２による歯車対３は、例えば、車両用のマニュアルトランスミッションを構成する歯車機構に用いられる歯車対であり、その歯車１の回転方向は、図１での反時計回りの方向であり、歯車２の回転方向は、図１での時計回りの方向である。したがって、歯車対３の、図１での左側が噛み込み側（すなわち、近寄り噛み合い側）であり、図１での右側が反噛み込み側（すなわち、遠のき噛み合い側）である。   Next, the present invention will be described based on specific examples. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram for explaining the configuration of a lubricating device for a gear mechanism of the present invention. In FIG. 1, a gear pair 3 including a gear 1 and a gear 2 is, for example, a gear pair used in a gear mechanism constituting a manual transmission for a vehicle. The rotation direction of the gear 1 is counterclockwise in FIG. The rotation direction of the gear 2 is the clockwise direction in FIG. Therefore, the left side in FIG. 1 of the gear pair 3 is the meshing side (that is, the close meshing side), and the right side in FIG. 1 is the counter meshing side (that is, the far meshing side).

この歯車対３の噛み込み側に、噴射ノズル４が設けられている。この噴射ノズル４は、後述する油圧制御装置６から供給される所定の噴射圧力に調圧された潤滑油を、歯車対３の噛み込み側から、歯車２の回転方向での後側の歯面５に噴射させるためのノズルである。言い換えると、噴射ノズル４は、歯車対３の噛み合い部において、歯車２の回転方向での後側を向く歯面５に、その回転方向での後側から潤滑油を噴射させるためのノズルである。   An injection nozzle 4 is provided on the biting side of the gear pair 3. The injection nozzle 4 supplies a lubricating oil adjusted to a predetermined injection pressure supplied from a hydraulic control device 6 to be described later from the meshing side of the gear pair 3 to the rear tooth surface in the rotation direction of the gear 2. 5 is a nozzle for spraying to the nozzle 5. In other words, the injection nozzle 4 is a nozzle for injecting lubricating oil from the rear side in the rotational direction onto the tooth surface 5 facing the rear side in the rotational direction of the gear 2 at the meshing portion of the gear pair 3. .

また、噴射ノズル４は、歯車２の歯面５への噴射位置および噴射角度が適宜に調整されて、例えばマニュアルトランスミッションのミッションケースの所定位置に固定されている。適切な噴射位置とは、例えば、噴射ノズル４の先端が、歯車対３の回転を妨げない範囲で、歯車対３の噛み込み側の噛み合い部に可及的に近づけられた位置である。また適切な噴射角度とは、例えば、噴射ノズル４からの歯面５への潤滑油の噴射が、歯面５の歯以外の他の歯に干渉されない範囲で、潤滑油の噴射方向が噴射時における歯車２の歯面５と可及的に垂直になる角度である。   The injection nozzle 4 is fixed at a predetermined position of a transmission case of a manual transmission, for example, by appropriately adjusting the injection position and the injection angle of the gear 2 on the tooth surface 5. The appropriate injection position is, for example, a position where the tip of the injection nozzle 4 is brought as close as possible to the meshing portion on the meshing side of the gear pair 3 as long as the rotation of the gear pair 3 is not hindered. The appropriate injection angle is, for example, a range in which the injection of the lubricating oil from the injection nozzle 4 to the tooth surface 5 is not interfered with other teeth other than the teeth of the tooth surface 5, and the injection direction of the lubricating oil is Is an angle that is as perpendicular to the tooth surface 5 of the gear 2 as possible.

したがって、噴射ノズル４は、潤滑油を噴射する際の噴射方向が、歯車２の歯面５にほぼ垂直となることによって、潤滑油が歯面５に衝突する際に発生する衝撃力の歯面５に垂直な方向以外の分力が、可及的に小さくなるように、その噴射角度、位置等が設定されて固定されている。そのため、噴射の際に潤滑油の有する運動（噴射）エネルギが、効率よく歯車２の回転エネルギに付加される。   Therefore, the injection nozzle 4 has a tooth surface of impact force generated when the lubricating oil collides with the tooth surface 5 because the injection direction when the lubricant is injected is substantially perpendicular to the tooth surface 5 of the gear 2. The injection angle, position, etc. are set and fixed so that the component force other than the direction perpendicular to 5 is as small as possible. Therefore, the kinetic (injection) energy of the lubricating oil is efficiently added to the rotational energy of the gear 2 at the time of injection.

なお、この具体例では、歯車対３において、歯車１が駆動歯車で、歯車２が被駆動歯車である場合に、噛み合い側歯面となる歯車２の歯面５へ潤滑油を噴射する例を示しているが、歯車１が被駆動歯車であって、歯車２が駆動歯車である場合には、その場合に噛み合い側歯面となる歯車１の歯面５ａへ潤滑油を噴射するように装置を構成することもできる。   In this specific example, in the gear pair 3, when the gear 1 is a driving gear and the gear 2 is a driven gear, an example of injecting lubricating oil onto the tooth surface 5 of the gear 2 serving as a meshing side tooth surface. As shown, when the gear 1 is a driven gear and the gear 2 is a driving gear, the device is configured to inject the lubricating oil onto the tooth surface 5a of the gear 1 that becomes the meshing side tooth surface in that case. Can also be configured.

上記の噴射ノズル４から歯車対３への、潤滑油の噴射を制御するための油圧制御装置６が設けられている。この油圧制御装置６には、ミッションケースの下部に設けられているオイル溜まり部７の潤滑油を、オイルポンプ８で汲み上げることによって、潤滑油が供給されている。なお、このオイルポンプ８は、例えば、トロコイド式ポンプ、あるいはギヤ式ポンプなどであって、エンジンやモータなどの動力源によって駆動されるポンプである。   A hydraulic control device 6 for controlling the injection of the lubricating oil from the injection nozzle 4 to the gear pair 3 is provided. Lubricating oil is supplied to the hydraulic control device 6 by pumping up lubricating oil in an oil reservoir 7 provided at the lower part of the transmission case with an oil pump 8. The oil pump 8 is, for example, a trochoid pump or a gear pump and is driven by a power source such as an engine or a motor.

この油圧制御装置６は、電気信号によって動作して油圧の給排や調圧をおこなうように構成されている。具体的には、オイルポンプ８から供給された潤滑油を、例えば調圧バルブ（図示せず）により、潤滑油を噴射するのに適当な所定圧に潤滑油の圧力を調整し、例えばソレノイドバルブ（図示せず）の開閉を制御することにより、噴射ノズル４へ所定の噴射圧力に調圧された潤滑油の供給をおこなうように構成されている。   The hydraulic control device 6 is configured to operate in response to an electric signal to supply and discharge hydraulic pressure and adjust pressure. Specifically, the pressure of the lubricating oil supplied from the oil pump 8 is adjusted to a predetermined pressure suitable for injecting the lubricating oil by, for example, a pressure regulating valve (not shown), for example, a solenoid valve. By controlling the opening and closing (not shown), the lubricating oil adjusted to a predetermined injection pressure is supplied to the injection nozzle 4.

また、油圧制御装置６には、電子制御装置（ＥＣＵ）９から指令信号が入力されている。すなわち、この電子制御装置（ＥＣＵ）９は、噴射ノズル４から噴射される潤滑油の噴射時期（タイミング）、噴射量などを設定して、油圧制御装置６を制御するように構成されている。さらに、これらの制御装置６，９による制御をおこなうためのデータを検出するセンサとして、歯車２の回転数を検出する回転数センサ１０、歯車２の回転角度を検出する回転角センサ１１、油圧制御装置６における油圧を検出する油圧センサ（図示せず）などが設けられている。   A command signal is input to the hydraulic control device 6 from an electronic control unit (ECU) 9. That is, the electronic control unit (ECU) 9 is configured to control the hydraulic pressure control device 6 by setting the injection timing (timing) of the lubricating oil injected from the injection nozzle 4 and the injection amount. Further, as sensors for detecting data for performing control by these control devices 6 and 9, a rotation speed sensor 10 for detecting the rotation speed of the gear 2, a rotation angle sensor 11 for detecting the rotation angle of the gear 2, and hydraulic control. A hydraulic sensor (not shown) for detecting the hydraulic pressure in the device 6 is provided.

それらの各センサ１０，１１などからのデータを基に、電子制御装置（ＥＣＵ）９で演算処理がおこなわれ、油圧制御装置６への指令信号が出力される。具体的には、歯車２の回転数や回転角度などのデータに基づいて、回転している歯車２の歯が、潤滑油の噴射位置を通過する周期が求められ、その周期に同期させて、潤滑油を噴射ノズル４から噴射させるための指令信号が油圧制御装置６へ伝送される。また、歯車２の回転数のデータに基づいて、噴射ノズル４から噴射される潤滑油の噴射量、あるいは噴射圧力などが求められ、それらに関する指令信号が油圧制御装置６へ伝送される。   Based on data from each of the sensors 10 and 11, an electronic control unit (ECU) 9 performs arithmetic processing and outputs a command signal to the hydraulic control unit 6. Specifically, based on data such as the number of rotations and the rotation angle of the gear 2, a cycle in which the teeth of the rotating gear 2 pass through the lubricant injection position is obtained, and in synchronization with the cycle, A command signal for injecting the lubricating oil from the injection nozzle 4 is transmitted to the hydraulic control device 6. Further, the injection amount or injection pressure of the lubricating oil injected from the injection nozzle 4 is obtained based on the data of the rotation speed of the gear 2, and a command signal related to the injection amount is transmitted to the hydraulic control device 6.

具体的には、噴射ノズル４から歯車対３の噛み込み側へ噴射される潤滑油は、歯車２の歯が潤滑油の噴射位置を通過する周期に同期させられて、間欠的に噴射される。また、その際の噴射量あるいは噴射圧力は、歯面５に適切な潤滑油の油膜が形成される所定の大きさとなるように設定される。さらに、車両の走行状態が変化することなどにより、マニュアルトランスミッションの運転状態が変化し、歯車２の回転数が変化した場合でも、その回転数に応じて適当な噴射圧力、噴射量に調整されて、潤滑油が噴射される。例えば、歯車２の回転数が低い場合は、歯車対３に供給される潤滑油の量が少なくなるように、潤滑油の噴射圧力、噴射量が調整され、反対に歯車２の回転数が高い場合には、歯車対３に供給される潤滑油の量が多くなるように、潤滑油の噴射圧力、噴射量が調整される。   Specifically, the lubricating oil injected from the injection nozzle 4 to the meshing side of the gear pair 3 is intermittently injected in synchronization with the period in which the teeth of the gear 2 pass through the injection position of the lubricating oil. . Further, the injection amount or the injection pressure at that time is set so as to have a predetermined size at which an appropriate oil film of lubricating oil is formed on the tooth surface 5. Further, even when the driving state of the manual transmission changes due to a change in the running state of the vehicle and the rotation speed of the gear 2 changes, the injection pressure and the injection amount are adjusted to appropriate values according to the rotation speed. , Lubricating oil is injected. For example, when the rotational speed of the gear 2 is low, the injection pressure and the injection amount of the lubricating oil are adjusted so that the amount of lubricating oil supplied to the gear pair 3 is reduced, and conversely, the rotational speed of the gear 2 is high. In this case, the injection pressure and the injection amount of the lubricating oil are adjusted so that the amount of the lubricating oil supplied to the gear pair 3 is increased.

したがって、歯車２の歯が潤滑油の噴射位置を通過する瞬間だけ、適切な量の潤滑油が歯面５へ噴射されることになり、潤滑油を必要としないタイミングでの潤滑油の噴射、あるいは必要量以上の潤滑油の噴射が制限される。そのため、必要な量だけ潤滑油が噴射されるため、潤滑油が過剰に供給されることなどが生じないので、潤滑油の供給に伴う動力損失が低減される。   Therefore, only when the teeth of the gear 2 pass the lubricating oil injection position, an appropriate amount of lubricating oil is injected to the tooth surface 5, and the lubricating oil is injected at a timing that does not require the lubricating oil. Alternatively, injection of lubricating oil exceeding the necessary amount is limited. For this reason, since the lubricating oil is injected in a necessary amount, the lubricating oil is not excessively supplied, so that the power loss accompanying the supply of the lubricating oil is reduced.

このように、この発明に係る歯車機構の潤滑装置によれば、歯車対３の噛み合い部の歯面に潤滑油を供給する場合、潤滑油を必要とするタイミングだけ、また必要とする量だけ、歯車対３へ潤滑油を噴射して供給することができる。また、その噴射の際には、噴射される潤滑油が有する運動エネルギを、効率よく回転エネルギに変換して、歯車対２３の回転力に付加することができる。その結果、潤滑油の供給に伴う動力損失を低減することができる。   Thus, according to the lubrication device for a gear mechanism according to the present invention, when supplying lubricating oil to the tooth surfaces of the meshing portion of the gear pair 3, only the timing when the lubricating oil is required, and the necessary amount, Lubricating oil can be injected and supplied to the gear pair 3. Further, at the time of injection, the kinetic energy of the injected lubricating oil can be efficiently converted into rotational energy and added to the rotational force of the gear pair 23. As a result, it is possible to reduce the power loss accompanying the supply of the lubricating oil.

また、上記のような作用・効果を奏するこの発明に係る歯車機構の潤滑装置を、例えば具体例に例示したように、トランスミッションなどの車両の動力伝達装置における歯車機構に適用すれば、潤滑装置の潤滑油の供給に伴う動力損失が低減されることによって、車両の動力伝達効率が向上し、燃費を向上させることができる。   In addition, when the gear mechanism lubrication device according to the present invention having the above-described actions and effects is applied to a gear mechanism in a power transmission device of a vehicle such as a transmission, as illustrated in a specific example, for example, By reducing the power loss accompanying the supply of the lubricating oil, the power transmission efficiency of the vehicle can be improved and the fuel efficiency can be improved.

なお、この発明は、上記の具体例に限定されない。例えば、いわゆる「強制潤滑方式」のこの発明の歯車機構の潤滑装置による潤滑油供給方式と、いわゆる「掻き上げ潤滑方式」の潤滑油供給方式とを併用することもできる。また、具体例では、車両に搭載されるマニュアルトランスミッションを構成している歯車機構に対する潤滑装置を例に説明しているが、マニュアルトランスミッションに限らず、例えばオートマチックトランスミッションや四輪駆動車両のトランスファなど、歯車機構を有する他の機械、装置にも適用することができる。さらに、車両に搭載される機械、装置に限らず、歯車機構を有する、その他の一般機械、装置にも適用することができる。   In addition, this invention is not limited to said specific example. For example, a so-called “forced lubrication system” lubricating oil supply system using the lubricating device of the gear mechanism of the present invention and a so-called “scraping lubrication system” lubricating oil supply system can be used in combination. In addition, in the specific example, a lubrication device for a gear mechanism constituting a manual transmission mounted on a vehicle is described as an example, but not limited to a manual transmission, for example, an automatic transmission or a transfer of a four-wheel drive vehicle, The present invention can also be applied to other machines and devices having a gear mechanism. Furthermore, the present invention can be applied not only to machines and devices mounted on vehicles but also to other general machines and devices having a gear mechanism.

この発明に係る歯車機構の潤滑装置を概略的に説明する模式図である。It is a schematic diagram for schematically explaining a gear mechanism lubrication device according to the present invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

３…歯車対、 ４…噴射ノズル、 ６…油圧制御装置、 ９…電子制御装置（ＥＣＵ）、 １０…回転数センサ、 １１…回転角センサ。   DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 3 ... Gear pair, 4 ... Injection nozzle, 6 ... Hydraulic control apparatus, 9 ... Electronic control unit (ECU), 10 ... Speed sensor, 11 ... Rotation angle sensor.

Claims (2)

互いに噛合する歯車対を有し、かつ前記歯車対の噛み合い部に潤滑油を供給する歯車機構の潤滑装置において、
前記歯車対の回転を検出する検出手段と、
その検出手段によって検出された前記歯車対の回転に同期して間欠的に動作することにより、前記噛み合い部における歯面に潤滑油を噴射する潤滑油噴射手段と
を備えていることを特徴とする歯車機構の潤滑装置。 In a lubricating device of a gear mechanism that has a gear pair that meshes with each other and supplies lubricating oil to a meshing portion of the gear pair,
Detecting means for detecting rotation of the gear pair;
Lubricating oil injection means for injecting lubricating oil onto the tooth surfaces of the meshing portion by intermittently operating in synchronization with the rotation of the gear pair detected by the detecting means. Lubricating device for gear mechanism. 前記潤滑油噴射手段は、前記噛み合い部における歯面のうち、回転方向の後側を向く歯面に、回転方向の後側から潤滑油を噴射する手段を有することを特徴とする請求項１に記載の歯車機構の潤滑装置。   The said lubricating oil injection means has a means which injects lubricating oil from the back side of a rotation direction to the tooth surface which faces the back side of a rotation direction among the tooth surfaces in the said meshing part. The lubricating device of the gear mechanism as described.
JP2004144720A 2004-05-14 2004-05-14 Lubricator for gear mechanism Expired - Fee Related JP4665434B2 (en)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006031264A1 (en) * 2006-07-06 2008-01-24 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Device for damping noise from a transmission, especially a pump drive of a pump of a gearing arrangement, comprises a unit for injecting oil into a toothed gearing arrangement of the transmission between a driving wheel and a driven wheel
WO2008051155A1 (en) * 2006-10-25 2008-05-02 Scania Cv Ab (Publ) Oiling device, gearbox and a method to lubricate a gearbox
WO2009084259A1 (en) * 2007-12-27 2009-07-09 Aisin Aw Co., Ltd. Gear rotation transmitting device
CN105408666A (en) * 2013-08-30 2016-03-16 爱信艾达株式会社 Power transmission apparatus
KR101633868B1 (en) * 2015-04-03 2016-06-28 한국기계연구원 Apparatus for automatically supplying lubrication oil for open gear and system for testing gear box
CN106885123A (en) * 2017-01-05 2017-06-23 武汉船用机械有限责任公司 A kind of lubricating arrangement suitable for towing winch

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JPH11337449A (en) * 1998-05-27 1999-12-10 Hitachi Ltd Gear apparatus
JP2002340152A (en) * 2001-05-22 2002-11-27 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Lubricating device for gear

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JPH02173499A (en) * 1988-12-23 1990-07-04 Hitachi Ltd Method and device for supplying lubricant
JPH10122310A (en) * 1996-10-14 1998-05-15 Hitachi Ltd Gear device
JPH11210986A (en) * 1998-01-22 1999-08-06 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd Method and device for spraying lubricating oil
JPH11337449A (en) * 1998-05-27 1999-12-10 Hitachi Ltd Gear apparatus
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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006031264A1 (en) * 2006-07-06 2008-01-24 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Device for damping noise from a transmission, especially a pump drive of a pump of a gearing arrangement, comprises a unit for injecting oil into a toothed gearing arrangement of the transmission between a driving wheel and a driven wheel
WO2008051155A1 (en) * 2006-10-25 2008-05-02 Scania Cv Ab (Publ) Oiling device, gearbox and a method to lubricate a gearbox
WO2009084259A1 (en) * 2007-12-27 2009-07-09 Aisin Aw Co., Ltd. Gear rotation transmitting device
CN105408666A (en) * 2013-08-30 2016-03-16 爱信艾达株式会社 Power transmission apparatus
KR101633868B1 (en) * 2015-04-03 2016-06-28 한국기계연구원 Apparatus for automatically supplying lubrication oil for open gear and system for testing gear box
CN106885123A (en) * 2017-01-05 2017-06-23 武汉船用机械有限责任公司 A kind of lubricating arrangement suitable for towing winch

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