JP2005322090A - River monitoring system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a river monitoring system capable of rapidly notifying a related department or a peripheral resident before reaching an alarm or dangerous water level in an observation point of a monitoring target, by use of observation data on the observation point in the upstream of a river. <P>SOLUTION: This river monitoring system monitoring a water level of the river is provided with: a first water gauge installed to the monitoring target observation point along the river; a second water gauge installed to the river on the upstream side of the monitoring target observation point; and a propagation time measurement means collating a water level change pattern of the second water gauge and a water level change pattern of the first water gauge, and measuring a propagation time of a water level change until a first water gauge installation place from a second water gauge installation place. Therefore, by predicting the water level ahead considering a water level corresponding to the propagation time of the water level to the observation point that is a target from the upstream of the river, the safe river monitoring system acquiring information including water level increase or the like in earlier timing can be provided. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a river monitoring system.

  In river monitoring, there are known river monitoring systems in which several observation points are provided along a river, and observation data and images of these observation points are distributed to a river monitoring center for centralized monitoring. A typical observation data is a water level gauge. At the river monitoring center, river managers switch observation data and images from a plurality of observation points and display them on a display device.

  Some river monitoring systems provide a warning water level and a dangerous water level for each water level meter in advance, determine that the observation data has reached the warning water level or the dangerous water level, and notify the monitoring center. Furthermore, when the warning water level or the dangerous water level is reached, the observation data is accumulated, and when the warning water level or the dangerous water level is reached again at a later date, the disaster prevention management displays the observation data and the accumulated observation data side by side on the display device. A system is known (for example, Patent Document 1).

  However, in the conventional river monitoring system, the monitoring center was not notified until each observation point reached the warning water level or the dangerous water level. In particular, when the water level rises sharply due to heavy rain or the like, the period from reaching the warning water level to reaching the dangerous water level is short, and prompt notification to the related departments and surrounding residents is required. Some of the data from multiple observation points along the river are displayed on the display device of the river monitoring center in a batch or switched to notify the river manager of changes in the water level from upstream to downstream of the river. The change of the water level and the prediction of the water level rise in the downstream area are left to the experience of the observer. Also, observation points that have not reached the warning water level or the dangerous water level in the past have no accumulation of observation data at the past warning or dangerous water level, and the river administrator cannot display the observation data and the accumulated data side by side. There is also. In addition, rivers may change their water level due to renovation work, so past data may not be helpful.

JP 2003-58969 A

  Provide a river monitoring system that uses observation data at upstream observation points to report before reaching the alert or dangerous water level at the observation point.

  In a river monitoring system for monitoring the water level of a river, a first water level meter installed at a monitoring observation point along the river, a second water level meter installed upstream of the monitoring observation point, and a second water level Propagation time measuring means for comparing the water level change pattern of the meter with the water level change pattern of the first water level meter and measuring the propagation time of the water level change from the second water level meter installation location to the first water level meter installation location The river monitoring system is provided.

  According to the present invention, a safe river monitoring system that obtains information such as a rise in water level at an earlier timing by predicting the water level in advance by the amount of propagation time of the water level from the upstream of the river to the target observation point Can be provided.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The present invention is not limited to these examples.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a river monitoring system of the present invention. The river monitoring system includes an upstream observation point water level meter 101, an upstream water level change measuring unit 102, an upstream feature detection unit 103, an upstream water level holding unit 104, an upstream water level state holding unit 105, a water level meter 106, and a water level change. It has measuring means 107, feature detecting means 108, propagation time measuring means 109, related water level database 110, and update control means 111. The arrows in the figure indicate the flow of electrical signals, and wired and wireless systems are conceivable. The water level at the observation point of the river is measured with the water level meter 106, the water level at the observation point upstream of the monitoring point is measured with the upstream observation point water level meter 101, and the water at the upstream observation point reaches the monitoring point. It shall flow.

  The water level data measured by the upstream observation point water level meter 101 is differentially calculated by the upstream water level change measuring means 102 at regular intervals to determine that the water level is in a steady state with little rise or fall or little change in water level. The determination result is stored in the upstream water level state holding means 105 as the water level state of the observation point. The upstream feature detection means 103 outputs a change in the water level state, for example, a time when the transition is made from rising to steady, falling to steady, steady to rising, or steady to falling. On the other hand, the water level data measured by the water level gauge 106 at the monitoring target observation point is subjected to a difference calculation at regular time intervals by the water level change measuring means 107 to measure the rise, steady state, and fall of the water level, and capture the change in this state. Then, the time when the state is changed is output by the feature detection means 108. When the upstream feature detection unit 103 and the feature detection unit 108 recognize similar water level transitions, the propagation time measurement unit 109 calculates the difference between the output times and outputs the difference as the water level propagation time. When the feature cannot be detected by the upstream feature detection unit 103 and the feature detection unit 108, the propagation time measurement unit 109 holds the propagation time of the water level measured before. The signal of the propagation time is expressed as (C) in FIG. The upstream water level holding means 104 outputs data of the upstream water level meter that goes back in the past by the propagation time as (A) in FIG. The upstream water level state holding means 105 outputs, as (B) in FIG. 1, whether the upstream water level state has gone back in the past by the propagation time, that is, whether it is rising, falling or steady state. The related water level database 110 holds the water level data of the installation site of the upstream observation point water level meter 101 and the water level data of the water level meter 106 of the monitoring target observation point after the passage of the propagation time. That is, the water level data of the target monitoring observation point that changes with the upstream water level change is made into a database. Therefore, when the water level data in the relevant water level database 110 is referred to with the latest water level data obtained by the upstream observation point water level meter 101, the water level data in the corresponding column can be regarded as the predicted water level after the propagation time of the water level meter 106 at the monitoring target observation point. Further, the update control means 111 can switch between the data update operation and the predicted water level output operation for the related water level database 110 with the control signal (D). The data update operation and the predicted water level output operation will be described later.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of the upstream water level holding unit 104, and includes a water level recording column 201 and a pointer 202. The water level record column 201 holds data of the upstream observation point water level meter 101 in time series. The pointer 202 controls the recording location of the water level recording column 201, and time-series water level data is held for a certain period. In accordance with the propagation time output from the propagation time measuring means 109, the upstream water level data traced back by the propagation time from the latest time is output to the related water level database 110. Moreover, the update control means 111 can switch the operation of the upstream water level holding means 104 via the control signal (D). When the related water level database 110 is the predicted water level output operation, the pointer 202 outputs the latest upstream water level data. This is the same as the output water level of the upstream observation point water level meter 101. The upstream data update operation and the predicted water level output operation are switched by the control signal (D).

  FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of the upstream water level state holding unit 105, which includes a water level state recording column 301 and a pointer 302. The water level state recording column 301 holds the upstream water level state of the upstream water level change measuring means 102, that is, whether it is an up state, a steady state, or a down state, in time series. The pointer 302 controls the recording location of the water level state recording column 301, and time-series water level state data is held for a certain period. In accordance with the propagation time output by the propagation time measuring means 109, the upstream water level state data traced back by the propagation time from the latest time is output to the related water level database 110. In addition, the update control unit 111 can switch the operation of the upstream water level state holding unit 105 via the control signal (D). When the related water level database 110 performs the predicted water level output operation, the pointer 302 outputs the latest upstream water level state data. This is the same as the output of the upstream water level change measuring means 102. The upstream data update operation and the predicted water level output operation are switched by the control signal (D).

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of the related water level database 110, and includes an upstream water level pointer 401, an access area selection unit 402, a water level recording memory 403, and an input / output port 404. The input / output port 404 is controlled by an output signal from the update control unit 111. The water level recording memory 403 is composed of three columns, and the first column, the upstream water level column 405 divides and calibrates the water level values that the upstream observation point water level meter 101 can take. The rising water level recording column 406 as the second column and the falling water level recording column 407 as the third column are randomly accessible memories each having a storage area corresponding to the scale of the rising water level recording column 406. . The upstream water level pointer 401 selects a corresponding category of the water level value of the upstream water level holding means 104 from the rising water level recording column 406 and makes the corresponding memory in the rising water level recording column 406 or the falling water level recording column 407 accessible. . The access area selecting unit 402 selects an accessible area of the water level recording memory 403 from the rising water level recording column 406 and the falling water level recording column 407 according to the output of the upstream water level state holding unit 105. If the output of the upstream water level state holding means 105 indicates that the water level is rising, the rising water level record column 406 is accessible, and if the output is indicating that the water level is falling, the falling water level record column 407 is accessible. In other words, the water level upstream of the water level recording memory 403 and the area corresponding to the water level state are accessible.

  The related water level database 110 includes a data update operation and a predicted water level output operation. When the input / output port 404 is in the input state by the action of the control signal (D) of the update control means 111, the related water level database 110 is in the data update state. At this time, the access location of the water level recording memory 403 is determined according to the upstream water level data that is back by the propagation time of the upstream water level holding means 104 and the water level state that is back by the propagation time held by the upstream water level state holding means 105. The output port 404 is in the input state and is updated with the water level data of the water level gauge 106. That is, after measuring the propagation time of the water level from the upstream observation point to the monitored observation point, the database area corresponding to the water level and water level state of the upstream observation point that goes back in the past by the propagation time is the latest monitored observation point. Update with water level data. The update can be rewritten with the latest data, but if the latest data is updated by the weighted average calculation with the largest weight, minute fluctuation noise can be offset. For example, an exponential function having time as an independent variable can be used as the weighting formula. Furthermore, it is possible to simplify and take a weighted average of the data before update and the latest data. An example of the weighting formula will be described later.

  On the other hand, when the input / output port 404 is in an output state due to the action of the control signal (D) of the update control means 111, the related water level database 110 performs an output operation of the predicted water level at the monitoring target observation point. At this time, the access location of the water level recording memory 403 is determined according to the latest upstream water level data of the upstream water level holding unit 104 and the latest water level state of the upstream water level state holding unit 105, and the input / output port 404 is in the output state. Thus, the water level data of the access location is output as the predicted water level. That is, when the water level data of the upstream observation point water level meter 101 is compared with the past water level data and the water level and the water level state are similar, and the corresponding water level data in the water level recording memory 403 is output, this is the propagation time. It can be regarded as the predicted water level of the observation point later.

  Further, when the upstream is hit by an unprecedented increase in water level, the upstream observation point water level meter 101 indicates an unprecedented high water level, and thus may exceed the upper limit of the upper water level column of the water level recording memory 403. . An example of the related water level database corresponding to this case is the related water level database shown in FIG. FIG. 6 shows a configuration in which coefficient holding means 601 and water level correction means 602 are provided in the related water level database of FIG. The coefficient holding unit 601 holds a value obtained by dividing the water level data output from the upstream water level holding unit 104 by the upper limit value in the upstream water level column 405 as a coefficient. When this coefficient exceeds 1.0, it is considered that the observation point water level meter 101 indicates an unprecedented high water level, and the upstream water level pointer 401 indicates the upper limit of the upstream water level column 405. On the other hand, the water level correction means 602 multiplies the data output from the input / output port 404 by the coefficient to obtain the predicted water level. By this operation, the predicted water level can be output even when the upstream is hit by an unprecedented water increase.

  FIG. 5 is an example of the weighting at the time of the weighted average of the latest data and past data at the time of data update in the water level recording memory 403. If (Equation 1) is used as a weighting formula, the weight becomes heavier as the latest data. The weight can be adjusted by adjusting the adjustment parameter A and the range τ of past data used for the averaging process.

  The present invention assumes application to a river monitoring system for the purpose of disaster prevention and river management. Conventionally, the warning state or the dangerous state of the monitoring point has been determined using sensor information such as a water level gauge at the monitoring point. However, in the river monitoring apparatus of the present invention, the alert state or the dangerous state is determined using the sensor information of the upstream observation point, so that the information can be obtained at an earlier timing.

  Other river monitoring devices include fitting a river model to an actual river and predicting the water level by simulation. However, an actual river always changes due to refurbishment or sediment, and fitting a river model to a changing actual river It takes time to do. On the other hand, since the river monitoring apparatus of the present invention automatically updates by associating the upstream water level change and the downstream water level in an actual river, it does not require past warning or observation data at the dangerous water level, and is optimal without any trouble. Prediction is possible.

It is a schematic diagram of the river monitoring system which is one Example of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the upstream water level holding | maintenance means of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the upstream water level state holding | maintenance means of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the related water level database of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the other example of the related water level database of this invention. It is a graph which shows the weighted average of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 101 ... Upstream observation point water level meter, 102 ... Upstream water level change measurement means, 103 ... Upstream characteristic detection means, 104 ... Upstream water level holding means, 105 ... Upstream water level state holding means, 106 ... Water level gauge, 107 ... Water level change measurement means, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 108 ... Feature detection means, 109 ... Propagation time measurement means, 110 ... Related water level database, 111 ... Update control means, 201 ... Water level recording column, 202, 302 ... Pointer, 301 ... Water level state recording column, 401 ... Upstream water level pointer, 402: access area selection means, 403 ... water level recording memory, 404 ... input / output port, 405 ... upstream water level column, 406 ... rising water level recording column, 407 ... falling water level recording column.

Claims (5)

In the river monitoring system that monitors the water level of the river,
A first water level gauge that measures the water level installed at a monitoring observation point along the river;
A second water level meter for measuring the water level installed upstream of the monitoring target observation point;
The water level change propagation time from the second water level gauge installation location to the first water level gauge setup location by comparing the water level change pattern of the second water level gauge with the water level change pattern of the first water level gauge. A river monitoring system characterized in that it is provided with a propagation time measuring means.   2. The river monitoring system according to claim 1, further comprising storage means for storing an associated water level database in which the water level of the second water level meter is associated with the water level of the first water level meter after the passage of propagation time.   The time when the water level of the first water level gauge was measured by dividing the water level of the second water level gauge into a plurality of levels in the water level database, and the water level of the first water level gauge corresponding to the water level value of the divided second water level gauge The river monitoring system according to claim 2, wherein a predicted water level at a monitoring target observation point after a propagation time from is set.   The river monitoring system performs at least two operations of a data update operation of a related water level database and a predicted water level output operation for predicting a water level of an observation point to be monitored, and a control means for outputting a control signal for switching the two operations. The river monitoring system according to claim 2, wherein the river monitoring system is provided. In the river monitoring system that monitors the water level of the river,
A first water level meter that measures the water level installed at a monitoring target observation point along the river, a first water level change measuring unit that measures a change in the first water level meter, and the first water level meter are installed. First feature detection means for outputting the time of the water level change at the selected location;
A second water level meter for measuring a water level installed upstream of the monitoring target observation point, a second water level change measuring means for measuring a change in the second water level meter, and the second water level meter. Second feature detection means for outputting the time of water level change at the installed location;
A river monitoring system comprising a propagation time measuring means for detecting a propagation time of a water level by comparing outputs of the first feature detection means and the second feature detection means.

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