JP2005317296A - Lighting system - Google Patents

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JP2005317296A
JP2005317296A JP2004132438A JP2004132438A JP2005317296A JP 2005317296 A JP2005317296 A JP 2005317296A JP 2004132438 A JP2004132438 A JP 2004132438A JP 2004132438 A JP2004132438 A JP 2004132438A JP 2005317296 A JP2005317296 A JP 2005317296A
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Takuya Yoshimi
琢也 吉見
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/30—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission
    • H10K59/32—Stacked devices having two or more layers, each emitting at different wavelengths
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/90—Assemblies of multiple devices comprising at least one organic light-emitting element
    • H10K59/95—Assemblies of multiple devices comprising at least one organic light-emitting element wherein all light-emitting elements are organic, e.g. assembled OLED displays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a lighting system allowing color temperature to be adjusted without degrading luminance of white light. <P>SOLUTION: To an organic EL element 10a having a structure composed by stacking light-emitting elements 10-1, 10-2 and 10-3 having first electrode layers 2-1, 2-2 and 2-3 on substrates 1-1, 1-2 and 1-3, organic luminescent layers 3-1, 3-2 and 3-3 formed on upper layers of the first electrode layers 2-1, 2-2 and 2-3, and second electrode layers 4-1, 4-2 and 4-3 formed on upper layers of the organic luminescent layers 3-1, 3-2 and 3-3, a voltage application part 20a applies individual voltages 20-1, 20-2 and 20-3 to the light-emitting elements 10-1, 10-2 and 10-3 according to the respective luminescent colors (red, green and blue) of the stacked light-emitting elements 10-1, 10-2 and 10-3 to vary luminance of the respective colors. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は照明装置に関し、特に有機分子の電気発光を用いた照明装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a lighting device, and more particularly to a lighting device using electroluminescence of organic molecules.

有機分子の電気発光（エレクトロルミネッセンス：以下ＥＬと称する）を用いた有機ＥＬ素子は、正孔輸送性と電子輸送性のそれぞれの性質を有する有機薄膜を積層した、積層型素子の報告（非特許文献１参照）以来、大面積発光素子として関心を集めている。   An organic EL element using electroluminescence of organic molecules (electroluminescence: hereinafter referred to as EL) is a report of a stacked element in which organic thin films having hole transporting properties and electron transporting properties are laminated (non-patented) Since 1), it has attracted attention as a large area light emitting device.

積層型有機ＥＬ素子は基本的に｛陽極／正孔注入層／正孔輸送層／発光層／電子輸送層／電子注入層／陰極｝の構成を有する。このうち電子注入層や電子輸送層は、非特許文献１で述べられている２層型素子の場合のように、発光層がその機能を兼ねる構成も可能である。また、正孔注入層も、上述の２層型素子のように、正孔輸送層がその機能を兼ねる構成が可能である。陽極としては、金（Ａｕ）や酸化錫（ＳｎＯ2）、インジウム錫酸化物（ＩＴＯ）などの仕事関数の大きい電極材料が用いられることが多い。 The stacked organic EL element basically has a structure of {anode / hole injection layer / hole transport layer / light emitting layer / electron transport layer / electron injection layer / cathode}. Among them, the electron injection layer and the electron transport layer can be configured such that the light emitting layer also functions as in the case of the two-layer element described in Non-Patent Document 1. Further, the hole injection layer can also be configured such that the hole transport layer also functions as the above-described two-layer element. As the anode, an electrode material having a large work function such as gold (Au), tin oxide (SnO 2 ), or indium tin oxide (ITO) is often used.

現在まで様々な素子構造及び有機材料を用いることにより、１０Ｖ以下の低駆動電圧で、１０００ｃｄ（カンデラ）／ｍ2以上の高輝度が得られている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。また、発光色も赤、緑、青など、光の３原色が実現されている。また、赤、緑、青の発光素子を積層することで、液晶ディスプレイのバックライトに使用可能な、白色光を得る有機ＥＬ素子が知られている（例えば、特許文献２参照）。 Up to now, by using various element structures and organic materials, high luminance of 1000 cd (candela) / m 2 or more has been obtained at a low driving voltage of 10 V or less (see, for example, Patent Document 1). Also, the three primary colors of light, such as red, green, and blue, are realized. Further, an organic EL element that obtains white light that can be used for a backlight of a liquid crystal display by stacking red, green, and blue light emitting elements is known (for example, see Patent Document 2).

ところで、白色の色温度は、赤、緑、青の発光色の色度（色相、彩度）と輝度のバランスで決まる。色温度は、白色光の色味を示し、液晶ディスプレイの場合、例えば、５０００〜１５０００Ｋ（ケルビン）程度で、調整できるようなものもある。色温度が高くなると短波長光を多く含んで青っぽく、低くなると長波長光を多く含み赤っぽい光になる。
Ｃ．Ｗ．Ｔａｎｇ ａｎｄ Ｓ．Ａ．ＶａｎＳｌｙｋｅ，Ａｐｐｌｉｅｄ Ｐｈｙｓｉｃｓ Ｌｅｔｔｅｒｓ ｖｏｌ．５１，９１３（１９８７） 特開２００３−４５６７６号公報（図３） 特開２００２−２６０８５９号公報（図１） By the way, the color temperature of white is determined by the balance between the chromaticity (hue and saturation) of the emission colors of red, green and blue and the luminance. The color temperature indicates the color of white light, and in the case of a liquid crystal display, for example, there are those that can be adjusted to about 5000 to 15000 K (Kelvin). When the color temperature is high, the light is blue with a lot of short wavelength light, and when it is low, the light is red with a lot of long wavelength light.
C. W. Tang and S.M. A. VanSlyke, Applied Physics Letters vol. 51,913 (1987) Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2003-45676 (FIG. 3) JP 2002-260859 A (FIG. 1)

しかし、従来の照明装置自体では、各色を発光する発光素子は一定の電圧が印加されるために色温度は可変できないので、液晶の各色の透過率を変更することで表示装置の色温度を変えていた。この場合、白色光の輝度を保ったまま色温度を変えることは難しいという問題があった。   However, in the conventional lighting device itself, since a constant voltage is applied to the light emitting element that emits each color, the color temperature cannot be changed. Therefore, the color temperature of the display device can be changed by changing the transmittance of each color of the liquid crystal. It was. In this case, there is a problem that it is difficult to change the color temperature while maintaining the brightness of white light.

各色の発光特性は、同程度の電圧印加時には、緑の輝度が最も高く、赤、青と輝度が低くなるのが一般的である。従来の照明装置では、有機ＥＬ素子を用いて、赤、緑、青を同時発光させて白色光を実現した場合、一番輝度の低い青の輝度を基準として他の輝度を決めることになり、緑が高輝度で発光しても輝度の低い青に合わせて輝度を低下させて使うことになり、特性の良い白色発光素子が実現できないという問題があった。   The light emission characteristics of the respective colors are generally such that when the same voltage is applied, the luminance of green is the highest and the luminance of red and blue is low. In the conventional lighting device, when the white light is realized by simultaneously emitting red, green, and blue using the organic EL element, the other luminance is determined based on the luminance of blue having the lowest luminance, Even if green emits light with high luminance, the luminance is lowered in accordance with blue with low luminance, and there is a problem that a white light emitting element with good characteristics cannot be realized.

本発明はこのような点に鑑みてなされたものであり、白色光の輝度を低下させることなく色温度を調整することが可能な照明装置を提供することを目的とする。   This invention is made | formed in view of such a point, and it aims at providing the illuminating device which can adjust color temperature, without reducing the brightness | luminance of white light.

本発明では上記問題を解決するために、有機分子の電気発光を用いた照明装置において、図１に示すように（ここでは赤、緑、青の３色の発光素子を積層した場合について図示している）、基板１−１、１−２、１−３上に形成した第１の電極層２−１、２−２、２−３と、第１の電極層２−１、２−２、２−３の上層に形成した有機発光層３−１、３−２、３−３と、有機発光層３−１、３−２、３−３の上層に形成した第２の電極層４−１、４−２、４−３と、を有した発光素子１０−１、１０−２、１０−３を積層した構成である有機ＥＬ素子１０ａと、積層された発光素子１０−１、１０−２、１０−３のそれぞれの発光色（赤、緑、青）に応じて、発光素子１０−１、１０−２、１０−３に個別の電圧２０−１、２０−２、２０−３を印加する電圧印加部２０ａと、を有することを特徴とする照明装置が提供される。   In the present invention, in order to solve the above-described problem, in an illumination device using electroluminescence of organic molecules, as shown in FIG. 1 (here, a case where light emitting elements of three colors of red, green, and blue are stacked is illustrated. The first electrode layers 2-1, 2-2, 2-3 formed on the substrates 1-1, 1-2, 1-3, and the first electrode layers 2-1, 2-2. The organic light emitting layer 3-1, 3-2, 3-3 formed on the upper layer of 2-3, and the second electrode layer 4 formed on the upper layer of the organic light emitting layer 3-1, 3-2, 3-3 -1, 4-2, 4-3, and the organic EL element 10a having a structure in which the light emitting elements 10-1, 10-2, and 10-3 are stacked, and the stacked light emitting elements 10-1 and 10-3. -2, 10-3 according to the respective emission colors (red, green, blue), the individual voltages 20-1, 20-2, 20- Lighting apparatus characterized by having a voltage applying unit 20a for applying a is provided.

上記の構成によれば、電圧印加部２０ａは、発光素子１０−１、１０−２、１０−３の発光色（赤、緑、青）に応じて、発光素子１０−１、１０−２、１０−３に個別の電圧２０−１、２０−２、２０−３を印加する。これにより、各色の輝度が可変する。   According to said structure, the voltage application part 20a is light emitting element 10-1, 10-2 according to the luminescent color (red, green, blue) of the light emitting elements 10-1, 10-2, 10-3. Individual voltages 20-1, 20-2 and 20-3 are applied to 10-3. Thereby, the brightness | luminance of each color changes.

本発明は、複数の発光素子のそれぞれの発光色に応じて、発光素子に個別の電圧を印加するようにしたので、各色の輝度を可変することができる。これにより、白色光の輝度を低下させることなく、色温度を調整することができる。   In the present invention, since individual voltages are applied to the light emitting elements in accordance with the light emission colors of the plurality of light emitting elements, the luminance of each color can be varied. Thereby, the color temperature can be adjusted without reducing the luminance of white light.

以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面を参照して詳細に説明する。
図１は、本発明の第１の実施の形態の照明装置の構成を示す断面図である。
本発明の第１の実施の形態の照明装置は、それぞれ、赤、緑、青の光を発する発光素子１０−１、１０−２、１０−３が積層された有機ＥＬ素子１０ａと、電圧印加部２０ａからなる。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the illumination device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
The lighting device according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes an organic EL element 10a in which light emitting elements 10-1, 10-2, and 10-3 that emit red, green, and blue light are stacked, and voltage application. Part 20a.

発光素子１０−１、１０−２、１０−３は、それぞれ基板１−１、１−２、１−３上に形成した第１の電極層（以下陽極と称する）２−１、２−２、２−３と、陽極２−１、２−２、２−３の上層に形成した有機発光層３−１、３−２、３−３と、有機発光層３−１、３−２、３−３の上層に形成した第２の電極層（以下陰極と称する）４−１、４−２、４−３を有している。さらに、有機発光層３−１、３−２、３−３を保護するための封止剤５−１、５−２、５−３を基板１−１、１−２、１−３、１−４間に形成している。   The light-emitting elements 10-1, 10-2, and 10-3 are first electrode layers (hereinafter referred to as anodes) 2-1 and 2-2 formed on the substrates 1-1, 1-2, and 1-3, respectively. 2-3, organic light emitting layers 3-1, 3-2, 3-3 formed on the upper layer of anodes 2-1, 2-2, 2-3, organic light emitting layers 3-1, 3-2, It has the 2nd electrode layer (henceforth a cathode) 4-1, 4-2, 4-3 formed in the upper layer of 3-3. Further, the sealing agents 5-1, 5-2, and 5-3 for protecting the organic light emitting layers 3-1, 3-2, and 3-3 are replaced with the substrates 1-1, 1-2, 1-3, 1 -4.

電圧印加部２０ａは、積層された発光素子１０−１、１０−２、１０−３のそれぞれの発光色（赤、緑、青）に応じて、発光素子１０−１、１０−２、１０−３の陽極２−１、２−２、２−３と陰極４−１、４−２、４−３間に、陽極２−１、２−２、２−３側を正とした直流の電圧２０−１、２０−２、２０−３を、発光素子１０−１、１０−２、１０−３に個別に印加する。   The voltage application unit 20a is provided with the light emitting elements 10-1, 10-2, 10- according to the respective emission colors (red, green, blue) of the stacked light emitting elements 10-1, 10-2, 10-3. DC voltage between the anodes 2-1, 2-2 and 2-3 and the cathodes 4-1, 4-2 and 4-3, with the anodes 2-1, 2-2 and 2-3 being positive. 20-1, 20-2, and 20-3 are individually applied to the light emitting elements 10-1, 10-2, and 10-3.

ここで、基板１−１、１−２、１−３、１−４は、面発光を取り出すために、例えば、ガラス基板などの透明基板を用いる。
陽極２−１、２−２、２−３としては、例えば、ＩＴＯなどの仕事関数の大きい電極材料を用い、スパッタリング法などの成膜方法で、約１５０ｎｍの膜厚で基板１−１、１−２、１−３上に形成する。 Here, for the substrates 1-1, 1-2, 1-3, and 1-4, for example, a transparent substrate such as a glass substrate is used in order to extract surface emission.
As the anodes 2-1, 2-2 and 2-3, for example, an electrode material having a large work function such as ITO is used. -2, 1-3.

有機発光層３−１、３−２、３−３は、正孔輸送層／発光層／電子輸送層の構成とした場合、正孔輸送層としては、例えば、化１で示すα−ＮＰＤ（Ｎ，Ｎ’−ジナフチル−Ｎ，Ｎ’−ジフェニル−［１，１’−ビフェニル］−４，４’−ジアミン）を用い、真空蒸着法などで約５０ｎｍ形成する。   When the organic light-emitting layers 3-1, 3-2, and 3-3 are configured to have a hole transport layer / light-emitting layer / electron transport layer, examples of the hole transport layer include α-NPD ( N, N′-dinaphthyl-N, N′-diphenyl- [1,1′-biphenyl] -4,4′-diamine) is formed to a thickness of about 50 nm by vacuum deposition or the like.

Figure 2005317296
Figure 2005317296

また、電子輸送層としては、例えば、化２で示すＡＬｑ（トリス（８−ヒドロキシキノリナート）アルミニウム）を用い、真空蒸着法などで約２０ｎｍ形成する。   Further, as the electron transport layer, for example, ALq (tris (8-hydroxyquinolinato) aluminum) represented by Chemical Formula 2 is used, and the electron transport layer is formed to have a thickness of about 20 nm by a vacuum deposition method or the like.

Figure 2005317296
Figure 2005317296

発光層としては、赤の有機発光層３−１の場合、例えば、化３で示すＤＣＪＴＢ（4-dicyanomethylene-6-cp-julolidinostyryl-2-tert-butyl-4H-pyran）をＡｌｑに１％混入させたものを約３０ｎｍ形成したものを用いる。   As the light emitting layer, in the case of the red organic light emitting layer 3-1, for example, DCJTB (4-dicyanomethylene-6-cp-julolidinostyryl-2-tert-butyl-4H-pyran) represented by Chemical Formula 3 is mixed in Alq at 1%. What formed about 30 nm was used.

Figure 2005317296
Figure 2005317296

緑の有機発光層３−２の場合、例えば、化４で示すジメチルキナクリドンをＡｌｑに１％混入させたものを約３０ｎｍ形成したものを用いる。   In the case of the green organic light emitting layer 3-2, for example, a layer in which about 1 nm of dimethylquinacridone represented by Chemical Formula 4 mixed with 1% of Alq is formed is used.

Figure 2005317296
Figure 2005317296

青の有機発光層３−３の場合、例えば、化５で示すＤＰＶＢｉ（４，４’−ビス（２，２’−ジフェニルビニル）−１，１’−ビフェニル）を約３０ｎｍ形成したものを用いる。   In the case of the blue organic light emitting layer 3-3, for example, a layer in which DPVBi (4,4′-bis (2,2′-diphenylvinyl) -1,1′-biphenyl) represented by Chemical Formula 5 is formed to have a thickness of about 30 nm is used. .

Figure 2005317296
Figure 2005317296

陰極４−１、４−２、４−３としては、例えば、Ａｌ（アルミニウム）−Ｌｉ（リチウム）の合金などを用いる。
封止剤５−１、５−２、５−３としては、例えば、アクリル樹脂などを用いる。 As the cathodes 4-1, 4-2, 4-3, for example, an alloy of Al (aluminum) -Li (lithium) is used.
As the sealing agents 5-1, 5-2, 5-3, for example, an acrylic resin is used.

図１で示す本発明の第１の実施の形態の照明装置では、例えば、以下のような電圧を発光素子１０−１、１０−２、１０−３に個別に印加する。
前述の材料からなる有機発光層３−１、３−２、３−３を用いた場合、赤の発光素子１０−１の発光開始電圧は４Ｖ、緑の発光素子１０−２も４Ｖ、青の発光素子１０−３の場合は５Ｖとなる。ここで、全体に同じ電圧、例えば７Ｖを印加した場合、緑色の輝度が約１２５０ｃｄ／ｍ2と最も高く、赤は約１１００ｃｄ／ｍ2、青が最も低く約３２５ｃｄ／ｍ2となる。そこで、本発明の第１の実施の照明装置では、電圧印加部２０ａは、青の輝度を高くするために、赤と緑の発光素子１０−１、１０−２に印加する電圧２０−１、２０−２を７Ｖとしたときに、青の発光素子１０−３に印加する電圧２０−３を８Ｖとする。これによって、青の発光素子１０−３から発光される光の輝度を約６５０ｃｄ／ｍ2に引き上げることができる。このように、電圧印加部２０ａにより、発光素子１０−１、１０−２、１０−３の発光色に応じて個別の電圧を印加するので、輝度の低い発光色（青）の発光素子１０−３への印加電圧を引き上げて輝度を高くでき、赤、緑、青の光を混合した白色光の輝度を低下させずにすむ。また、各色の輝度を可変できるので、白色光の輝度を保ったまま色温度を調整することが可能となる。 In the lighting apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1, for example, the following voltages are individually applied to the light emitting elements 10-1, 10-2, and 10-3.
When the organic light emitting layers 3-1, 3-2, and 3-3 made of the above-described materials are used, the light emission starting voltage of the red light emitting element 10-1 is 4V, the green light emitting element 10-2 is also 4V, and blue In the case of the light emitting element 10-3, the voltage is 5V. Here, the case of applying the same voltage, for example 7V across highest green luminance approximately 1250cd / m 2, the red of about 1100 cd / m 2, and blue is lowest about 325cd / m 2. Therefore, in the lighting device according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the voltage application unit 20a applies the voltages 20-1 and 20-2 applied to the red and green light emitting elements 10-1 and 10-2 in order to increase the luminance of blue. When 20-2 is 7V, the voltage 20-3 applied to the blue light emitting element 10-3 is 8V. Thereby, the luminance of the light emitted from the blue light emitting element 10-3 can be increased to about 650 cd / m 2 . In this manner, the voltage application unit 20a applies individual voltages according to the emission colors of the light emitting elements 10-1, 10-2, and 10-3, and thus the light emitting element 10- having a low emission color (blue). The applied voltage to 3 can be raised to increase the luminance, and the luminance of white light mixed with red, green, and blue light can be prevented from being lowered. Further, since the luminance of each color can be varied, the color temperature can be adjusted while maintaining the luminance of white light.

次に本発明の第２の実施の形態の照明装置を説明する。
図２は、本発明の第２の実施の形態の照明装置の構成を示す断面図である。
本発明の第２の実施の形態の照明装置は、青の発光素子を２つ形成した構成であり、前述の第１の実施の形態の照明装置の最下層に、青の発光素子１０−４を追加した構成の有機ＥＬ素子１０ｂとして図示している。青の発光素子１０−４の構成は、発光素子１０−３と同様である。また、電圧印加部２０ｂは、更に、発光素子１０−４に電圧２０−４を印加するような構成となっている。 Next, the illuminating device of the 2nd Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the illumination device according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
The lighting device according to the second embodiment of the present invention has a configuration in which two blue light emitting elements are formed, and the blue light emitting device 10-4 is provided in the lowermost layer of the lighting device according to the first embodiment. It is illustrated as an organic EL element 10b having a configuration in which is added. The configuration of the blue light emitting element 10-4 is the same as that of the light emitting element 10-3. Further, the voltage application unit 20b is configured to apply the voltage 20-4 to the light emitting element 10-4.

他の構成については、図１と同様であるので、同一符号、または符号を省略している。
図２で示す本発明の第２の実施の形態の照明装置では、例えば、７Ｖの電圧を発光素子１０−１、１０−２、１０−３、１０−４に個別に印加する。これにより、青の発光素子１０−３を１つ形成した場合には、青は約３２５ｃｄ／ｍ2の輝度しか得られないが、青の発光素子１０−３、１０−４を２つ形成することによって、電圧を上げなくとも、赤、緑、青の色バランスがとれて、白色光の輝度をあげることが可能となる。 Since other configurations are the same as those in FIG. 1, the same reference numerals or reference numerals are omitted.
In the lighting apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 2, for example, a voltage of 7 V is individually applied to the light emitting elements 10-1, 10-2, 10-3, and 10-4. Thus, when one blue light emitting element 10-3 is formed, blue can only obtain a luminance of about 325 cd / m 2 , but two blue light emitting elements 10-3 and 10-4 are formed. As a result, even if the voltage is not increased, the red, green, and blue colors are balanced, and the brightness of the white light can be increased.

なお、ここでは、青の発光素子を２つ積層させた場合について示したが、３つ以上であってもよい。また、他の発光色の発光素子を複数積層させてもよい。この場合、輝度の低いものを、輝度の高いものよりも多く積層させる。これにより、各層が必要とする輝度を下げることができるので、発光素子に流れる電流を低くでき、素子寿命を延ばすことが可能になる。   Note that here, the case where two blue light emitting elements are stacked is shown, but three or more may be used. Further, a plurality of light emitting elements of other light emitting colors may be stacked. In this case, more layers with lower luminance are stacked than those with higher luminance. Accordingly, the luminance required for each layer can be reduced, so that the current flowing through the light emitting element can be reduced and the element life can be extended.

次に本発明の第３の実施の形態の照明装置を説明する。
図３は、本発明の第３の実施の形態の照明装置の構成を示す断面図である。
本発明の第３の実施の形態の照明装置は、有機ＥＬ素子３０ａと、電圧印加部４０ａとからなる。有機ＥＬ素子３０ａは、２つの基板３１、３２間に、対向して配置された陽極３３と陰極３４を有し、さらに陽極３３と陰極３４間に積層された、それぞれ赤、緑、青の光を発する有機発光層３５−１、３５−２、３５−３を有している。また、有機発光層３５−１、３５−２、３５−３間には、透過性の電極３６−１、３６−２を有している。また、各層の有機発光層３５−１、３５−２、３５−３を保護するための封止剤３７−１、３７−２、３７−３が形成されている。 Next, the illuminating device of the 3rd Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the illumination device according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
The illumination device according to the third embodiment of the present invention includes an organic EL element 30a and a voltage application unit 40a. The organic EL element 30a has an anode 33 and a cathode 34 arranged opposite to each other between two substrates 31 and 32, and is further laminated between the anode 33 and the cathode 34 to emit red, green, and blue light, respectively. Organic light emitting layers 35-1, 35-2 and 35-3. Moreover, between the organic light emitting layers 35-1, 35-2, and 35-3, transparent electrodes 36-1 and 36-2 are provided. Further, sealing agents 37-1, 37-2, 37-3 for protecting the organic light emitting layers 35-1, 35-2, 35-3 of the respective layers are formed.

電圧印加部４０ａは、積層された複数の有機発光層３５−１、３５−２、３５−３のそれぞれの発光色に応じて、有機発光層３５−１、３５−２、３５−３に個別の電圧４０−１、４０−２、４０−３を印加する。   The voltage application unit 40a is individually applied to the organic light emitting layers 35-1, 35-2, and 35-3 in accordance with the light emission colors of the stacked organic light emitting layers 35-1, 35-2, and 35-3. Voltages 40-1, 40-2, and 40-3 are applied.

ここで、基板３１、３２は、例えば、面発光を取り出すためにガラス基板などの透明基板を用いる。
陽極３３としては、例えば、ＩＴＯなどの仕事関数の大きい電極材料を用い、スパッタリング法などの成膜方法で、約１５０ｎｍの膜厚で基板３１上に形成する。 Here, for the substrates 31 and 32, for example, a transparent substrate such as a glass substrate is used in order to extract surface emission.
As the anode 33, for example, an electrode material having a large work function such as ITO is used, and is formed on the substrate 31 with a film thickness of about 150 nm by a film forming method such as a sputtering method.

陰極３４としては、例えば、Ａｌ（アルミニウム）−Ｌｉ（リチウム）の合金などを用い、約５ｎｍ形成する。
また、有機発光層３５−１、３５−２、３５−３は、図１で示した前述の有機発光層３−１、３−２、３−３と同様の材料を用いることができる。 As the cathode 34, for example, an Al (aluminum) -Li (lithium) alloy or the like is used, and the cathode 34 is formed with a thickness of about 5 nm.
Moreover, the organic light emitting layers 35-1, 35-2, and 35-3 can use the same material as the organic light emitting layers 3-1, 3-2, and 3-3 shown in FIG.

透過性の電極３６−１、３６−２は、例えば、ＩＴＯを用い、約５０ｎｍ形成する。
封止剤３７−１、３７−２、３７−３としては、例えば、アクリル樹脂などを用いる。
図３で示す本発明の第３の実施の形態の照明装置では、例えば、以下のように電圧を有機発光層３５−１、３５−２、３５−３に個別に印加する。 The transparent electrodes 36-1 and 36-2 are formed using, for example, ITO and about 50 nm.
As the sealing agents 37-1, 37-2, 37-3, for example, an acrylic resin is used.
In the lighting apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 3, for example, voltages are individually applied to the organic light emitting layers 35-1, 35-2, and 35-3 as follows.

最下層の有機発光層３５−１には、陽極３３を正、電極３６−１を負とした直流の電圧４０−１を、中層の有機発光層３５−２には、電極３６−１を正、電極３６−２を負とした電圧４０−２を、最上層の有機発光層３５−３には、電極３６−２を正、陰極３４を負とした電圧４０−３を印加する。有機発光層３５−１、３５−２、３５−３として第１の実施の形態の照明装置で述べた材料と同様のものを用いると、赤の有機発光層３５−１の発光開始電圧は４Ｖ、緑の有機発光層３５−２も４Ｖ、青の有機発光層３５−３の場合は５Ｖとなる。ここで、全体に同じ電圧、例えば７Ｖを印加した場合、緑の輝度が約１２５０ｃｄ／ｍ2と最も高く、赤は約１１００ｃｄ／ｍ2、青が最も低く約３２５ｃｄ／ｍ2となる。そこで、本発明の第３の実施の照明装置では、電圧印加部４０ａは、青の輝度を高くするために、赤と緑の有機発光層３５−１、３５−２に印加する電圧４０−１、４０−２を７Ｖとしたときに、青の有機発光層３５−３に印加する電圧４０−３を８Ｖとする。これによって、青の有機発光層３５−３から発光される光の輝度を約６５０ｃｄ／ｍ2に引き上げることができる。このように、電圧印加部４０ａにより、有機発光層３５−１、３５−２、３５−３の発光色に応じて個別の電圧を印加するので、輝度の低い発光色（青）の有機発光層３５−３への印加電圧を引き上げて輝度を高くでき、赤、緑、青の光を混合した白色光の輝度を低下させずにすむ。また各色の輝度を可変できるので、白色光の輝度を保ったまま色温度を調整することが可能となる。 The lowermost organic light emitting layer 35-1 has a positive voltage 40-1 with the anode 33 being positive and the electrode 36-1 negative, and the middle organic light emitting layer 35-2 has a positive electrode 36-1. The voltage 40-2 with the electrode 36-2 as negative is applied, and the voltage 40-3 with the electrode 36-2 as positive and the cathode 34 as negative is applied to the uppermost organic light emitting layer 35-3. When the same materials as those described in the lighting device of the first embodiment are used as the organic light emitting layers 35-1, 35-2, and 35-3, the emission start voltage of the red organic light emitting layer 35-1 is 4V. The green organic light emitting layer 35-2 is 4V, and the blue organic light emitting layer 35-3 is 5V. Here, the case of applying the same voltage, for example 7V across highest green luminance approximately 1250cd / m 2, the red of about 1100 cd / m 2, and blue is lowest about 325cd / m 2. Therefore, in the illumination device according to the third embodiment of the present invention, the voltage application unit 40a applies the voltage 40-1 applied to the red and green organic light emitting layers 35-1 and 35-2 in order to increase the luminance of blue. , 40-2 is 7V, the voltage 40-3 applied to the blue organic light emitting layer 35-3 is 8V. Thereby, the luminance of the light emitted from the blue organic light emitting layer 35-3 can be increased to about 650 cd / m 2 . Thus, since the voltage application part 40a applies a separate voltage according to the light emission color of the organic light emitting layers 35-1, 35-2, and 35-3, the organic light emitting layer having a light emission color (blue) with low luminance. The voltage applied to 35-3 can be raised to increase the luminance, and the luminance of white light mixed with red, green and blue light can be prevented from being lowered. Also, since the brightness of each color can be varied, the color temperature can be adjusted while maintaining the brightness of white light.

次に本発明の第４の実施の形態の照明装置を説明する。
図４は、本発明の第４の実施の形態の照明装置の構成を示す断面図である。
本発明の第４の実施の形態の照明装置は、青の有機発光層を２つ形成した構成であり、前述した第３の実施の形態の照明装置の最下層に、青の有機発光層３５−４と、有機発光層３５−４と赤の有機発光層３５−１間に配置される透過性の電極３６−３と、有機発光層３５−４を保護するための封止剤３７−４を追加した構成の有機ＥＬ素子３０ｂとして図示している。また、電圧印加部４０ｂは、陽極３３と電極３６−３間に、電圧４０−４を印加する構成となっている。 Next, the illuminating device of the 4th Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the illumination device according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
The lighting device of the fourth embodiment of the present invention has a configuration in which two blue organic light emitting layers are formed, and the blue organic light emitting layer 35 is provided in the lowermost layer of the lighting device of the third embodiment described above. -4, a transparent electrode 36-3 disposed between the organic light emitting layer 35-4 and the red organic light emitting layer 35-1, and a sealant 37-4 for protecting the organic light emitting layer 35-4 It is illustrated as an organic EL element 30b having a configuration in which is added. The voltage application unit 40b is configured to apply a voltage 40-4 between the anode 33 and the electrode 36-3.

他の構成については、図３と同様であるので、同一符号としている。
図４で示す本発明の第４の実施の形態の照明装置では、例えば、７Ｖの電圧を有機発光層３５−１、３５−２、３５−３、３５−４に個別に印加する。これにより、青の有機発光層３５−３を１つ形成した場合には、青は約３２５ｃｄ／ｍ2の輝度しか得られないが、青の有機発光層３５−３、３５−４を２つ形成することによって、電圧を上げなくとも、赤、緑、青の色バランスがとれて、白色光の輝度をあげることが可能となる。 Other configurations are the same as those in FIG.
In the illumination apparatus according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 4, for example, a voltage of 7 V is individually applied to the organic light emitting layers 35-1, 35-2, 35-3, and 35-4. Thus, when one blue organic light emitting layer 35-3 is formed, blue can only obtain a luminance of about 325 cd / m 2 , but two blue organic light emitting layers 35-3 and 35-4 are provided. By forming, it is possible to balance the colors of red, green, and blue without increasing the voltage, and to increase the luminance of white light.

なお、ここでは、青の有機発光層を２つ積層させた場合について示したが、３つ以上であってもよい。また、他の発光色の有機発光層を複数積層させてもよい。この場合、輝度の低いものを、輝度の高いものよりも多く積層させる。これにより、各層が必要とする輝度を下げることができるので、有機発光層に流れる電流を低くでき、素子寿命を延ばすことが可能になる。   In addition, although shown here about the case where two blue organic light emitting layers are laminated | stacked, three or more may be sufficient. Further, a plurality of organic light emitting layers of other emission colors may be stacked. In this case, a layer having a low luminance is stacked more than a layer having a high luminance. Thereby, since the brightness | luminance which each layer requires can be lowered | hung, the electric current which flows into an organic light emitting layer can be made low, and it becomes possible to extend element lifetime.

以上説明してきた第１〜第４の実施の形態の照明装置を、例えば、液晶ディスプレイのバックライトに用いることで、白色光の輝度を保ったまま色温度の調整を行うことが可能で、輝度の高い白色光を出力することが可能な液晶ディスプレイが提供できるようになる。   By using the illumination devices of the first to fourth embodiments described above for the backlight of a liquid crystal display, for example, it is possible to adjust the color temperature while maintaining the luminance of white light, and the luminance A liquid crystal display capable of outputting high white light can be provided.

なお、上記では、赤、緑、青の発光色を用いたが、シアン、マゼンタ、黄の３色を発光する発光素子を用い、混合して白色光を得るようにしてもよいし、赤とシアン、青と黄など２つの色を混合して白色光を得るようにしてもよい。また、その他複数の色の光を混合して白色光を得るようにしてもよい。   In the above, red, green, and blue light emission colors are used. However, light emitting elements that emit three colors of cyan, magenta, and yellow may be used and mixed to obtain white light. Two colors such as cyan, blue and yellow may be mixed to obtain white light. Alternatively, white light may be obtained by mixing light of a plurality of other colors.

以上、本発明を実施例に基づいて説明したが、本発明は上記に限定されるものではなく、特許請求の範囲に記載の範囲内で様々な変形が可能である。   As mentioned above, although this invention was demonstrated based on the Example, this invention is not limited above, A various deformation | transformation is possible within the range as described in a claim.

本発明は、例えば、液晶ディスプレイのバックライトに適用される。
（付記１） 有機分子の電気発光を用いた照明装置において、
基板上に形成した第１の電極層と、前記第１の電極層の上層に形成した有機発光層と、前記有機発光層の上層に形成した第２の電極層と、を有した発光素子を、複数積層した構成である有機ＥＬ素子と、
積層された複数の前記発光素子のそれぞれの発光色に応じて、前記発光素子に個別の電圧を印加する電圧印加部と、
を有することを特徴とする照明装置。 The present invention is applied to, for example, a backlight of a liquid crystal display.
(Supplementary note 1) In a lighting device using electroluminescence of organic molecules,
A light emitting device having a first electrode layer formed on a substrate, an organic light emitting layer formed on an upper layer of the first electrode layer, and a second electrode layer formed on an upper layer of the organic light emitting layer. An organic EL element having a configuration in which a plurality of layers are laminated;
A voltage application unit configured to apply an individual voltage to the light emitting element in accordance with a light emission color of each of the stacked light emitting elements;
A lighting device comprising:

（付記２） 前記電圧印加部は、輝度の低い発光色の前記発光素子に対して、輝度の高い発光色の前記発光素子よりも大きな電圧を印加することを特徴とする付記１記載の照明装置。   (Supplementary note 2) The lighting device according to supplementary note 1, wherein the voltage application unit applies a voltage larger than that of the light emitting element having high luminance to the light emitting element having low luminance. .

（付記３） ２種類以上の発光色により、白色発光を得ることを特徴とする付記１記載の照明装置。
（付記４） 輝度の低い発光色の前記発光素子を輝度の高い発光色の前記発光素子よりも多く積層したことを特徴とする付記１記載の照明装置。 (Additional remark 3) The illuminating device of Additional remark 1 characterized by obtaining white luminescence with two or more types of luminescent color.
(Additional remark 4) The lighting device of Additional remark 1 characterized by laminating | stacking the said light emitting element of the luminescent color with low brightness | luminance more than the said light emitting element of the luminescent color with high brightness | luminance.

（付記５） 基板上に形成した第１の電極層と、前記第１の電極層の上層に形成した有機発光層と、前記有機発光層の上層に形成した第２の電極層と、を有した発光素子を複数積層した構成である有機ＥＬ素子と、積層された複数の前記発光素子のそれぞれの発光色に応じて、前記発光素子に個別の電圧を印加する電圧印加部と、を有した照明装置をバックライトとして具備することを特徴とする液晶表示装置。   (Additional remark 5) It has the 1st electrode layer formed on the board | substrate, the organic light emitting layer formed in the upper layer of the said 1st electrode layer, and the 2nd electrode layer formed in the upper layer of the said organic light emitting layer. An organic EL element having a configuration in which a plurality of the light-emitting elements are stacked, and a voltage applying unit that applies individual voltages to the light-emitting elements according to the emission colors of the stacked light-emitting elements. A liquid crystal display device comprising an illumination device as a backlight.

（付記６） 輝度の低い発光色の前記発光素子を輝度の高い発光色の前記発光素子よりも多く積層したことを特徴とする付記５記載の液晶表示装置。
（付記７） 有機分子の電気発光を用いた照明装置において、
対向して配置された第１の電極層と第２の電極層間に積層された複数の有機発光層を有し、複数の前記有機発光層間には、透過性の第３の電極層を有した有機ＥＬ素子と、
積層された複数の前記有機発光層のそれぞれの発光色に応じて、前記有機発光層に個別の電圧を印加する電圧印加部と、
を有することを特徴とする照明装置。 (Supplementary note 6) The liquid crystal display device according to supplementary note 5, wherein a larger number of the light emitting elements having a light emitting color having a lower luminance are stacked than the light emitting elements having a light emitting color having a high luminance.
(Appendix 7) In a lighting device using electroluminescence of organic molecules,
A plurality of organic light-emitting layers stacked between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer disposed opposite to each other, and a transparent third electrode layer between the plurality of organic light-emitting layers An organic EL element;
A voltage application unit that applies an individual voltage to the organic light emitting layer according to the emission color of each of the stacked organic light emitting layers,
A lighting device comprising:

（付記８） 前記電圧印加部は、輝度の低い発光色の前記有機発光層に対して、輝度の高い発光色の前記有機発光層よりも大きな電圧を印加することを特徴とする付記７記載の照明装置。   (Additional remark 8) The said voltage application part applies a bigger voltage with respect to the said organic light emitting layer of the luminescent color with a low brightness | luminance than the said organic luminescent layer of the luminescent color with a high brightness | luminance. Lighting device.

（付記９） ２種類以上の発光色により、白色発光を得ることを特徴とする付記７記載の照明装置。
（付記１０） 輝度の低い発光色の前記有機発光層を輝度の高い発光色の前記有機発光層よりも多く積層したことを特徴とする付記７記載の照明装置。 (Supplementary note 9) The illumination device according to supplementary note 7, wherein white light emission is obtained by two or more kinds of emission colors.
(Supplementary note 10) The illumination device according to supplementary note 7, wherein a larger number of the organic light emitting layers having a light emission color having a lower luminance are stacked than the organic light emission layers having a light emission color having a high luminance.

（付記１１） 対向して配置された第１の電極層と第２の電極層間に積層された複数の有機発光層を有し、複数の前記有機発光層間には、透過性の第３の電極層を有した有機ＥＬ素子と、積層された複数の前記有機発光層のそれぞれの発光色に応じて、前記有機発光層に個別の電圧を印加する電圧印加部と、を有した照明装置をバックライトとして具備することを特徴とする液晶表示装置。   (Additional remark 11) It has the some organic light emitting layer laminated | stacked between the 1st electrode layer and 2nd electrode layer which were arrange | positioned facing each other, Between the said several organic light emitting layers, a transparent 3rd electrode Back a lighting device having an organic EL element having a layer and a voltage applying unit that applies individual voltages to the organic light emitting layer in accordance with the light emission colors of the plurality of stacked organic light emitting layers. A liquid crystal display device comprising a light.

（付記１２） 輝度の低い発光色の前記有機発光層を輝度の高い発光色の前記有機発光層よりも多く積層したことを特徴とする付記１１記載の液晶表示装置。   (Supplementary note 12) The liquid crystal display device according to supplementary note 11, wherein a larger number of the organic light-emitting layers having low emission colors are stacked than the organic light-emitting layer having high emission colors.

本発明の第１の実施の形態の照明装置の構成を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the illuminating device of the 1st Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第２の実施の形態の照明装置の構成を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the illuminating device of the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第３の実施の形態の照明装置の構成を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the illuminating device of the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第４の実施の形態の照明装置の構成を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the illuminating device of the 4th Embodiment of this invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１−１、１−２、１−３、１−４ 基板
２−１、２−２、２−３ 陽極
３−１、３−２、３−３ 有機発光層
４−１、４−２、４−３ 陰極
５−１、５−２、５−３ 封止剤
１０ａ 有機ＥＬ素子
１０−１、１０−２、１０−３ 発光素子
２０ａ 電圧印加部
２０−１、２０−２、２０−３ 電圧
1-1, 1-2, 1-3, 1-4 Substrate 2-1, 2-2, 2-3 Anode 3-1, 3-2, 3-3 Organic light emitting layer 4-1, 4-2, 4-3 Cathode 5-1, 5-2, 5-3 Sealant 10a Organic EL device 10-1, 10-2, 10-3 Light emitting device 20a Voltage application unit 20-1, 20-2, 20-3 Voltage

Claims (5)

有機分子の電気発光を用いた照明装置において、
基板上に形成した第１の電極層と、前記第１の電極層の上層に形成した有機発光層と、前記有機発光層の上層に形成した第２の電極層と、を有した発光素子を、複数積層した構成である有機ＥＬ素子と、
積層された複数の前記発光素子のそれぞれの発光色に応じて、前記発光素子に個別の電圧を印加する電圧印加部と、
を有することを特徴とする照明装置。 In a lighting device using electroluminescence of organic molecules,
A light emitting device having a first electrode layer formed on a substrate, an organic light emitting layer formed on an upper layer of the first electrode layer, and a second electrode layer formed on an upper layer of the organic light emitting layer. An organic EL element having a configuration in which a plurality of layers are laminated;
A voltage application unit configured to apply an individual voltage to the light emitting element in accordance with a light emission color of each of the stacked light emitting elements;
A lighting device comprising: 前記電圧印加部は、輝度の低い発光色の前記発光素子に対して、輝度の高い発光色の前記発光素子よりも大きな電圧を印加することを特徴とする請求項１記載の照明装置。   The lighting device according to claim 1, wherein the voltage application unit applies a larger voltage to the light emitting element having a light emission color having a lower luminance than that of the light emission element having a light emission color having a high luminance. ２種類以上の発光色により、白色発光を得ることを特徴とする請求項１記載の照明装置。   The illuminating device according to claim 1, wherein white luminescence is obtained by two or more kinds of luminescent colors. 輝度の低い発光色の前記発光素子を輝度の高い発光色の前記発光素子よりも多く積層したことを特徴とする請求項１記載の照明装置。   The lighting device according to claim 1, wherein a larger number of the light emitting elements having a light emitting color having a lower luminance are stacked than the light emitting elements having a light emitting color having a higher luminance. 有機分子の電気発光を用いた照明装置において、
対向して配置された第１の電極層と第２の電極層間に積層された複数の有機発光層を有し、複数の前記有機発光層間には、透過性の第３の電極層を有した有機ＥＬ素子と、
積層された複数の前記有機発光層のそれぞれの発光色に応じて、前記有機発光層に個別の電圧を印加する電圧印加部と、
を有することを特徴とする照明装置。 In lighting devices using electroluminescence of organic molecules,
A plurality of organic light-emitting layers stacked between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer disposed opposite to each other, and a transparent third electrode layer between the plurality of organic light-emitting layers An organic EL element;
A voltage application unit that applies an individual voltage to the organic light emitting layer according to the emission color of each of the stacked organic light emitting layers,
A lighting device comprising:
JP2004132438A 2004-04-28 2004-04-28 Lighting system Pending JP2005317296A (en)

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Cited By (5)

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JP2006155940A (en) * 2004-11-25 2006-06-15 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd Organic electroluminescent light source device and lighting system having light adjustable and color adjustable characteristics
JP2011249319A (en) * 2010-04-27 2011-12-08 Semiconductor Energy Lab Co Ltd Light-emitting device
KR20120054533A (en) 2010-11-19 2012-05-30 가부시키가이샤 한도오따이 에네루기 켄큐쇼 Lighting device
JP4987177B1 (en) * 2011-08-31 2012-07-25 パイオニア株式会社 Illumination device and light emission control method
WO2014109159A1 (en) * 2013-01-11 2014-07-17 Ｎｅｃライティング株式会社 Organic el light emitting device

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006155940A (en) * 2004-11-25 2006-06-15 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd Organic electroluminescent light source device and lighting system having light adjustable and color adjustable characteristics
JP2011249319A (en) * 2010-04-27 2011-12-08 Semiconductor Energy Lab Co Ltd Light-emitting device
JP2016122659A (en) * 2010-04-27 2016-07-07 株式会社半導体エネルギー研究所 Light-emitting device
KR20120054533A (en) 2010-11-19 2012-05-30 가부시키가이샤 한도오따이 에네루기 켄큐쇼 Lighting device
US8610362B2 (en) 2010-11-19 2013-12-17 Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. Lighting device
US8912728B2 (en) 2010-11-19 2014-12-16 Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. Lighting device
US9226359B2 (en) 2010-11-19 2015-12-29 Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. Lighting device
JP4987177B1 (en) * 2011-08-31 2012-07-25 パイオニア株式会社 Illumination device and light emission control method
WO2013030975A1 (en) * 2011-08-31 2013-03-07 パイオニア株式会社 Lighting device and method for controlling light emission
US9338855B2 (en) 2011-08-31 2016-05-10 Pioneer Corporation Lighting apparatus and light emission control method
WO2014109159A1 (en) * 2013-01-11 2014-07-17 Ｎｅｃライティング株式会社 Organic el light emitting device
US9508682B2 (en) 2013-01-11 2016-11-29 Nec Lighting, Ltd. Organic EL luminescent device

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