JP2005314280A - Immunoactivator for livestock in lactation period and starter containing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an immunoglobulin G activator which comprises as an effective ingredient raffinose and is effective for restoration from a physiological immunosuppressive state and inhibition of immunosuppression of the livestock in the lactation state. <P>SOLUTION: The immunoglobulin G activator for livestock in the lactation period comprises raffinose as an effective ingredient. The starter comprises the activator. The combination of raffinose with a live bacterial agent enhances immunosuppression-inhibiting effects. By the utilization of the immunoglobulin G activator, loss of juvenile livestock is prevented and loss in livestock farming can be reduced. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to an immunostimulant that prevents wear of young livestock by activating immune functions that are physiologically reduced in livestock in the suckling period and activating immunity against infectious diseases. More specifically, the present invention relates to an immunostimulant for suckling livestock containing raffinose as an active ingredient and a starter containing the same.

  Diarrhea and pneumonia found in livestock such as calves, piglets, and lambs can significantly reduce livestock productivity and cause significant economic losses. According to the situation of livestock accidents in Japan, for example, the incidence of diarrhea in newborn calves is reported to be 13.3%, pneumonia is 27.4%, and the combined occurrence of both diseases is reported to be 8.3%. Most of fatal accidents during breeding due to diarrhea and pneumonia occur at 2 to 3 weeks of age. Calf diarrhea, in particular, has a high incidence and mortality in Japanese black cattle and introduced Holstein bulls in feedlots, and is an important issue that affects the herd's earnings.

  For newborn calves, drinking colostrum shortly after birth is an important way to acquire immunity that protects against infection with various pathogens. There are two types of immunity in the calf of the lactating period: a transition antibody that the calf passively obtains from the mother cow, that is, passive immunity, and active immunity that the calf itself produces. The antibody secreted by the mother cow into colostrum reaches the epithelial cells of the intestinal tract of the newborn calf by breastfeeding, where it is absorbed, taken into the blood of the calf, and acts as a protective antibody for a certain period as a serum antibody. However, the transfer antibody (passive immunity) gradually decreases and disappears, and then the antibody produced by the calf itself (active immunity) increases. For example, immunoglobulin G (hereinafter sometimes referred to as IgG), which is one of the passive antibodies into calf blood, decreases linearly and has a half-life of 16 to 32 days. Disappear. On the other hand, the calf's own active antibody IgG begins to be gradually produced from 20 days of age and reaches the level of adult cattle at 3 months of age. Therefore, since the period of 2 to 4 weeks of age is a valley between the falling period of the passive antibody and the rising period of the active antibody, the blood IgG concentration becomes the lowest and is susceptible to pathogen infection.

  In this way, passive immunity of calves is acquired by colostrum, but the available time of calf colostrum immunity is limited to 24 hours after birth. In addition, the quantity and quality (IgG concentration) of colostrum immunity vary depending on the age, health status, and feed of the mother cow. Here, it is clear that the addition of bovine serum-derived immunoglobulin to low-medium quality colostrum can confer the same or better passive immunity compared to calves fed high-quality colostrum without any addition. ing. However, as a safety measure related to BSE (mad cow disease), the use of colostrum supplements containing bovine serum-derived immunoglobulin is completely prohibited in Japan.

  In calves, lymphocytes are already sufficiently present in the blood immediately after birth, and are immune responsive to pathogenic bacteria. However, until 20 days of age, almost no antibody production ability of B lymphocytes is observed. This is thought to be because T lymphocytes suppress the immune response. Thus, although the calf of the suckling stage has cellular immunity to some extent, it has a feature of immune function that antibody production ability is low, and is considered to be a factor that increases susceptibility to infectious diseases.

  Many immunostimulatory substances have been reported centering on bacteria-derived substances, but the effect of recovering the postnatal immunity-reducing state characteristic of a calf has not been clarified.

Raffinose is one of the oligosaccharides assimilated by bifidobacteria and lactobacilli, and is a trisaccharide widely distributed in the plant kingdom. It has a white needle-like crystal structure and was first isolated from beet (sugar beet) in 1885. Since the present applicant succeeded in industrially extracting raffinose from beet molasses, applications in foods, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and the like are currently being developed.
JP 03-173826 JP 04-217922 JP 07-1212939 A JP 08-157494 A JP-A-11-255664 Animal immunology, Manabu Onuma, Setsu Onodera, Kazuya Yamauchi, 193-199, Bunnendo, Tokyo, 1996 Research on bifidobacteria, supervised by Mitsuoka Chichiho, 120-125, Japan Bifidobacteria Center, Tokyo, 1994 Clinical Veterinarian, Vol. 17, No. 13, 16-37, 1999 Journal of Dairy Science, Vol. 83, 2834-2838, 2000

  An object of the present invention is to provide a novel immunostimulator that enhances immune function by maintaining the immunity level at birth of suckling livestock or recovering immunity in a lowered state after birth early, and the same To provide a starter.

The present inventors have studied various methods for preventing diseases of suckling livestock, and it is important to suppress a decrease in immune function after birth or to recover a decreased immune function at an early stage. I came up with the idea. As a result of diligent research on the effects of various substances, raffinose, a natural oligosaccharide extracted from beet sugar liquid among a number of oligosaccharides, activates immune functions of lactating livestock such as calves. The present invention has been completed by finding the effect of suppressing the decrease, and the present invention includes the following inventions.
(1) An immunoglobulin G activator for suckling livestock containing raffinose as an active ingredient.
(2) A starter which contains the activator according to (1) and is labeled as being used for suppressing decrease in immunoglobulin G.
(3) An immunoglobulin G activator for livestock mammals, which is a synbiotic using raffinose and a viable fungus in combination.
(4) A starter which contains the activator described in (3) above and is labeled as being used for suppressing decrease in immunoglobulin G.

  The immunostimulant and starter of the present invention can be applied not only to calves, but also to various types of nursing livestock such as calves, lambs, goats, piglets, foals, puppies, and kittens.

Lactobacillus acidophilus, L. lactis, L. casei, L. rhamnosus, L. plantarum, L. murinus, L. reuteri, L. brevis, Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Pediococcus cerevisiae, Ped. Acidilactici, Enterococcus faecium, Ec.Faecalis, Streptococcus thermophilus, Str.faecium), Bifidobacterium pseudolongum, Bifid.thermophilum, Bifid.longum / animalis, Bifid.breve / infantis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, S.fragilis, S.fragilis boulardii, Torulopsis spp., Aspergillus oryzae), spores (Bacillus cereus, Bac. toyoi, Bac. subtilis, Clostridium butyricum) and the like.
The immunostimulant of this invention can exhibit the synergistic effect as a symbiotic by the combined use of raffinose and the above-mentioned viable agent.

The administration method is solid or liquid, and the liquid is raffinose (crystal, granulated product, syrup, etc.) mixed and dissolved directly in raw milk, colostrum, milk substitute, hot water or water, or raffinose and live bacteria The drug (powder, granulated product, liquid product, etc.) is mixed and then directly mixed or dissolved in raw milk, colostrum, milk substitute, hot water or water. If both are liquid, direct administration is possible. For solids, raffinose or viable fungus is used alone, or both are mixed, for example, powders, powders, tablets, dragees, capsules, drops, sublinguals, and other dosage forms for direct administration. It can be performed.
In addition, weaning feed to be given to suckling livestock is particularly referred to as a starter, and when the immunostimulant is mixed and given to this starter, it is preferable to mix the solid separately, When the immunostimulant used in combination with is preserved for a long period of time, it is necessary to use a viable agent with particularly good storage stability.
In addition, what was manufactured in accordance with the conventional method can be used for a solid formulation.

  The compounding amount of the immunostimulant of the present invention can be appropriately selected according to the purpose of use, but it is usually preferable to select a compounding amount of 0.01 to 10% as raffinose for both the immunostimulant and the starter containing it.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the immunity which the natural animal of the lactation period originally has can be exhibited early. As a result, infectious diarrhea, pneumonia and the like that are likely to occur in suckling livestock can be efficiently prevented, and it is possible to bring benefits to livestock management by reducing the wear of livestock such as calves.

  Examples of the present invention will be described below.

  Twelve Holstein calves (1 week old) were targeted, 6 of which had 2 L of a commercially available milk substitute solution alone (control), and the other 6 were raffinose (Japanese sugar beet). Each product (salted ward) mixed with 100 ml of a 5% solution (manufactured by Sugar) was fed twice a day, and reared until 6 weeks of age. FIG. 1 shows the results obtained by collecting blood from the jugular vein of a calf every one week of age and measuring the serum IgG concentration by a single radiation immunodiffusion method (bovine IgG plate, manufactured by Metabolic Ecosystem Research Laboratories).

  As shown in FIG. 1, the serum IgG concentration decreased at the age of 2 weeks in the control group (milk substitute only), but no decrease was observed in the feeding group (raffinose feeding), and raffinose feeding prevented the decrease in serum IgG. It is thought that it was done.

  Targeting 16 Holstein calves (1 week old), 8 only starter (manufactured by Nippon Sugar Sugar Co., Ltd., Yodelstart) (control group) and 8 other raffinoses for the starter Each product (supplied ward) mixed with 1.0% (manufactured by Japanese sugar beet sugar) was freely ingested and bred until 6 weeks of age. Table 1 shows the incidence of diarrhea during that time.

  As shown in Table 1, the incidence of diarrhea up to 6 weeks of age was 12.5% in the feeding group and 37.5% in the control group, and it is considered that the onset of diarrhea was suppressed by raffinose feeding.

Twelve Holstein calves (1 week old) are targeted, six starters (Nippon Sugar Sugar Co., Ltd., trade name Yodel Start) only (control), and the other six are raffinose as the starter. Add 1.0% (manufactured by Japanese sugar beet sugar) and 0.25% of commercially viable fungi (containing 4 × 10 ⁶ / g each of L. acidophilus, Str.faecium, Bifid.thermophilum and Bifid.longum) Each of the foods (salary ward) was allowed to freely ingest and was raised to 6 weeks of age. Table 2 shows the incidence of diarrhea and the average weight gain per day.

  As shown in Table 2, the average weight gain per day until the age of 6 weeks was 0.74 kg in the salary group and 0.69 kg in the control group, and the salary group tended to be high. In addition, the incidence of diarrhea was 0% in the salary group and 33.3% in the control group, and it is considered that the onset of diarrhea was suppressed by the supply of raffinose and viable bacteria.

  As is clear from the above examples, raffinose has the effect of preventing diarrhea by activating immune functions that are physiologically lowered and suppressing the decrease in blood IgG concentration. Moreover, it can have a synergistic effect as a symbiotic when used in combination with a viable agent.

  Raffinose has the characteristic of non-hygroscopicity among many oligosaccharides. Since most oligosaccharides are hygroscopic, they are difficult to handle. For example, as disclosed in JP-A-10-179041, improvement measures are required, but raffinose is non-hygroscopic and easy to handle. Excellent storage stability.

It is a graph which shows transition of the serum IgG density | concentration of the calf until 6 weeks after birth.

Claims (4)

An immunoglobulin G activator for suckling livestock, comprising raffinose as an active ingredient. A starter that contains the activator according to claim 1 and is labeled as being used for suppression of decrease in immunoglobulin G. Immunoglobulin G activator for suckling livestock, which is a synbiotic that uses raffinose and a live fungus together. The starter which contains the activator of Claim 3 and attached | subjected the display to the effect of being used for immunoglobulin G fall suppression.

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