JP2005309095A - Binoculars - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide binoculars by which even an object in a short distance is pleasantly observed without being doubly viewed by adjusting an angle formed by the optical axes of both observation optical systems, whose structure is simple, and which achieves excellent optical performance without requiring high machining accuracy and assembly accuracy. <P>SOLUTION: The binoculars 1 are equipped with a left half body 2L including an observation optical system for a left eye, a right half body 2R including an observation optical system for a right eye, a turning coupling part 3 which couples the left half body 2L and the right half body 2R relatively turnably and whose turning shaft center 30 is inclined to the optical axes O<SB>L</SB>and O<SB>R</SB>of the observation optical system on side-view, and an interpupillary distance adjusting mechanism for adjusting an interpupillary distance without relatively turning the left half body 2L and the right half body 2R by the turning coupling part 3. By relatively turning the left half body 2L and the right half body 2R by the turning coupling part 3, the binoculars 1 take a state where the optical axes O<SB>L</SB>and O<SB>R</SB>of both observation optical systems are parallel with each other and a state where they cross with each other ahead. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to binoculars.

  When infinity is observed with general binoculars, the observation field of view seen by the left eye and the observation field of vision seen by the right eye almost completely overlap each other, and both eyes appear as one observation field. When a short distance of several meters or less is observed with the binoculars, there is only a part of the overlapping region of the observation field of view of the left eye and the right eye, which makes it difficult to see. This is because general binoculars are mainly based on observing objects at infinity to several tens of meters, and the left and right objective lens optical axes are fixed in parallel. When observing, the adjustment value for the object (distance to the in-focus object, diopter [dptr] = [1 / meter]) and the “convergence value” (distance where the left and right line of sight intersect, metric angle [MW] = [1 / meter ]) Would be too big. In the case of binoculars observing the object at a high magnification, the effect of this discrepancy is remarkable, for example, in the case of 10 times binoculars, this discrepancy is also 10 times. It is a burden on the eyes and they are very tired (“convergence” means that the visual axes of both eyes concentrate when looking at an object at a short distance, and the angle between both visual axes is expressed as “convergence angle”. ").

  In view of this problem, in order to reduce the burden on both eyes when observing a short distance with binoculars, the following Patent Documents 1 to 3 move both objective lenses in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis when observing a short distance. Binoculars having a mechanism for correcting a convergence value (angle of convergence) according to an adjustment value by bringing them closer to each other have been proposed.

  However, the binoculars described in Patent Documents 1 to 3 have a complicated structure for moving the objective lens in a direction orthogonal to the optical axis, and it is difficult to ensure necessary processing accuracy and assembly accuracy. It is difficult to obtain performance and it is easy to break down. In addition, the manufacturing becomes difficult, and the manufacturing cost increases significantly.

Japanese Patent No. 3090007 Japanese Patent No. 3196613 Japanese Patent No. 3189328

  The object of the present invention is to adjust the angle formed by the optical axes of both observation optical systems so that even a short distance object can be comfortably observed without being doubled, and the structure is simple, high processing accuracy and An object of the present invention is to provide binoculars that can exhibit good optical performance without requiring assembly accuracy.

Such an object is achieved by the present inventions (1) to (5) below.
(1) a left half including an observation optical system for the left eye;
The right half including the observation optical system for the right eye,
A rotation connecting portion that connects the left half and the right half so as to be relatively rotatable, and the rotation axis is inclined with respect to the optical axis of the observation optical system in a side view;
An eye width adjustment mechanism that adjusts the eye width without relatively rotating the left half body and the right half body at the rotation connecting portion;
By relatively rotating the left half body and the right half body at the rotation connecting portion, the optical axes of the two observation optical systems are parallel to each other, and the optical axes of the two observation optical systems The binoculars are configured to be able to take a state of crossing each other in front.

This makes it possible to adjust the angle formed by the optical axes of both observation optical systems, that is, the convergence angle, so that even when observing an object at a short distance, it is viewed with the left eye by adjusting the convergence angle. It is possible to prevent the observation image and the observation image viewed with the right eye from shifting and appearing double. Therefore, the eyes can be observed comfortably without being tired.
Further, since the convergence angle can be adjusted with an extremely simple structure, excellent optical performance can be obtained without requiring high processing accuracy and assembly accuracy. Further, unlike the binoculars described in Patent Documents 1 to 3, the objective lens is not moved (eccentric) in a direction orthogonal to the optical axis, so that there is no deterioration in optical performance due to convergence angle adjustment. Furthermore, since the number of parts is small and manufacturing and assembly are easy, it can be manufactured at low cost.

  (2) When the optical axes of the two observation optical systems are parallel to each other, the extension line of the rotation axis of the rotation connection portion is formed between the centers of the rear end surfaces of the eyepiece optical systems of the two observation optical systems. The binoculars according to (1) above, which pass through the vicinity of the connecting line segment.

  As a result, even when the convergence angle is adjusted, the eye width hardly changes, and thus it is not necessary to readjust the eye width. Therefore, extremely excellent operability can be obtained.

(3) The binoculars according to (1) or (2), wherein the rotation axis of the rotation coupling portion is inclined in a direction in which the object side is high and the eyepiece side is low in a side view.
Thereby, size reduction of binoculars can be achieved.

(4) The binoculars according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the eye width adjustment mechanism is a biaxial type.
Thereby, the eye width adjustment mechanism can be configured with a relatively simple structure.

(5) The binoculars according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the eye width adjustment mechanism is a slide type.
Thereby, the eye width adjustment mechanism can be configured with a relatively simple structure.

According to the binoculars of the present invention, the angle formed by the optical axes of both observation optical systems, that is, the convergence angle can be adjusted, so that even when observing an object at a short distance, the convergence angle is adjusted. It is possible to prevent the observation image viewed with the left eye and the observation image viewed with the right eye from shifting and appearing double. Therefore, the eyes can be observed comfortably without being tired.
Further, since the convergence angle can be adjusted with an extremely simple structure, excellent optical performance can be obtained without requiring high processing accuracy and assembly accuracy. Further, since the objective lens is not moved (eccentric) in the direction orthogonal to the optical axis, there is no deterioration in optical performance due to the convergence angle adjustment. Furthermore, since the number of parts is small and manufacturing and assembly are easy, it can be manufactured at low cost.

Hereinafter, the binoculars of the present invention will be described in detail based on preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.
<First Embodiment>
1 is a plan view (top view) showing the binoculars according to the first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view of the binoculars shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the eye width from the state shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional side view taken along line XX in FIG. 2, and FIG. 5 is a state in which the optical axes of the two observation optical systems of the binoculars shown in FIG. FIG. 6 is a front view of binoculars for explaining that the eye width hardly changes when the convergence angle is corrected.
In the following description, the upper side in FIGS. 1 and 5 is described as “front”, and the lower side in FIGS. 1 and 5 is described as “rear”.

  The binoculars 1 shown in these figures are binoculars using a roof prism as an erecting optical system. The binoculars 1 also include a biaxial eye width adjustment mechanism.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the binoculars 1 includes a left half 2L including an observation optical system for the left eye, a right half 2R including an observation optical system for the right eye, a left half 2L, and a right half 2R. It has a hinge (rotating connecting portion) 3 that is connected to be relatively rotatable.

  The left half body 2L includes a left barrel 21L having a substantially cylindrical shape and a left bridge 22L that supports the left barrel 21L.

In the left lens barrel 21L, an observation optical system including an objective optical system and an erecting optical system (a roof prism) (not shown) and an eyepiece optical system 23L is incorporated. Also, the top of the left lens barrel 21L, protrusions 213L which held parallel to the optical axis O _L of the pupil distance adjusting shaft 24L observation optical system is formed.

  The left lens barrel 21L and the left bridge 22L are coupled to each other via an eye width adjusting shaft 24L so as to be relatively rotatable. The connecting portion has a configuration in which appropriate friction is given, and the left barrel 21L can be manually rotated with respect to the left bridge 22L, and at any position within its movable range. Can be held.

  Similarly, the right half body 2R includes a right barrel 21R having a substantially cylindrical shape, and a right bridge 22R that supports the right barrel 21R.

In the right barrel 21R, an observation optical system including an objective optical system and an erecting optical system (roof prism) (not shown) and an eyepiece optical system 23R is incorporated. Further, the upper part of the right lens barrel 21R, projecting portion 213R which held parallel to the optical axis O _R of the eye width adjusting shaft 24R observation optical system is formed.

  The right lens barrel 21R and the right bridge 22R are connected to each other via a width-of-eye adjustment shaft 24R so as to be relatively rotatable. The connecting portion is configured to have an appropriate friction, and the right lens barrel 21R can be manually rotated with respect to the right bridge 22R, and the state can be obtained at an arbitrary position within the movable range. Can be held.

Left barrel 21L, the rear end of the right lens barrel 21R, respectively, the optical axis _O L, _{O R} direction movable in eye contact 212L, 212R are installed. The user adjusts the positions of the eyepieces 212L and 212R according to his / her own according to the presence / absence of wearing glasses or the difference in the depth of the carved face.

The front end portions of the left lens barrel 21L and the right lens barrel 21R include an objective lens barrel 211L and an objective lens barrel 211R that hold the objective optical system. The objective lens barrel 211L, an objective lens barrel 211R is rotatably mounted, is rotated and is configured to move each optical axis O _L, the O _R direction by the action of the screw. Therefore, the objective lens barrel 211L, by moving by rotating the objective lens barrel 211R optical axis _O L, the _{O R} direction, it is possible to adjust the focus. The focus adjustment is not limited to such a configuration, and the eyepiece optical system may be configured to be moved in the optical axis direction.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the hinge 3 connects the left half piece 31 formed continuously at the right end portion of the left bridge 22L and the right half piece 32 formed continuously at the left end portion of the right bridge 22R. And a hinge shaft 33.

  The hinge 3 has a configuration in which appropriate friction is given, and the user holds the left half 2L and the right half 2R with both hands and applies force to each of the left half 31 and the right half 32. The opening angle can be adjusted within the movable range, and the opening angle can be held at an arbitrary angle within the movable range.

In the state shown in FIG. 2, in a state where the left halves 31 and right halves 32 is fully closed, the optical axis O _L of both the observation optical system in this _state, O _R are parallel to each other (see FIG. 1 ). Thus both the observation optical system optical axis O _L, O _R less parallel to each other as "convergence angle 0 ° state".

In the binoculars 1, the center C of the both eyepiece optical systems 23L and 23R is obtained by rotating the left lens barrel 21L and the right lens barrel 21R with respect to the left bridge 22L and the right bridge 22R about the eye width adjustment axes 24L and 24R, respectively. _L, it is possible to change the _{C R} distance. For example, the left barrel from the state shown in FIG. 2 21L, clockwise right barrel 21R respectively, by rotating counterclockwise, both eyepiece optical systems 23L as shown in FIG. 3, the center of 23R C _L, it is possible to increase the C _R distance. In this way, the eye width can be adjusted.

  As shown in FIG. 4, bearings 311 and 321 for holding a hinge shaft 33 are formed at lower ends of the left half piece 31 and the right half piece 32 of the hinge 3, respectively.

When viewed from the side as shown in FIG. 4, center line, i.e. turning axis 30 of the hinge 3 of the hinge shaft 33 is inclined with respect to the optical axis O _L, O _R of the observation optical system. In the illustrated configuration, the rotation axis 30 is inclined in such a direction that the objective side is high and the eyepiece side is low. In the following description, the center line of the hinge shaft 33 and its extension line are simply referred to as the “rotation axis 30”.

The optical axis O _L of the rotation axis 30 as described above observation optical _system, by being inclined with respect to O _R, the left halves 31 of hinge 3, and 2L left half in the open right halves 32 When rotated relative to the right half 2R, as shown in FIG. 5, the optical axis O _L of both the observation optical _systems, O _R becomes non-parallel, the optical axis O _L, O _R intersect each other at the front Can be in a state.

  In the binoculars 1, for example, when observing a short distance of about 3 to 5 m or less, the observation image seen with the left eye and the observation image seen with the right eye are shifted by setting the state as shown in FIG. It can prevent it from appearing heavy. Therefore, even when observing a short distance, the eyes can be observed easily and comfortably without fatigue.

In this case, the optical axis O _L, O _R is the angle of both the observation optical system, i.e. convergence angle, by adjusting the opening angle of the hinge 3, can be freely adjusted as eyes of the observation image overlap .

  In the binoculars 1, the convergence angle can be adjusted with an extremely simple structure in which only the hinge 3 is provided, so that excellent optical performance can be obtained without requiring high processing accuracy and assembly accuracy. Furthermore, since the number of parts is small and manufacturing and assembly are easy, it can be manufactured at low cost.

Further, in the present embodiment, both the eyepiece optical system 23L, the center C _L of the rear end face of the _23R, when the virtual line segment 100 connecting C _R together (see FIGS. 2 and 3), the optical axes of the observation optical system O _L, O _R is pivot axis 30 of the hinge 3 in parallel to each other are configured so as to pass through the vicinity of the line segment 100 (see FIG. 4).

  Thereby, in this embodiment, even if it is a case where the left half body 2L and the right half body 2R are relatively rotated via the hinge 3 to adjust the convergence angle, the eye width hardly changes. There is. Hereinafter, this principle will be described with reference to FIGS.

As shown in FIG. 4, the intersection point between the plane including the rear end surfaces 214L and 214R of the eyepieces 212L and 212R and the rotational axis 30 of the hinge 3 includes P ₂ and includes the front end surfaces 215L and 215R of the objective lens barrels 211L and 211R. If the intersection of the pivot axis 30 of the plane and the hinge 3 and P _3, the point P ₂ and the point P ₃ is located as shown in FIG. 6 is a diagram front. Note that a point P ₁ in FIG. 6 is an intersection between the line segment 100 and the rotation axis 30 of the hinge 3 in a state where the convergence angle is 0 °.

Circles E _L and E _R indicated by broken lines in FIG. 6 represent the positions of the rear end surfaces 214L and 214R of the eyes 212L and 212R and the front end surfaces 215L and 215R of the objective lens barrels 211L and 211R in a state where the convergence angle is 0 °. Yes.

When the convergence angle is adjusted by opening the left half piece 31 and the right half piece 32 of the hinge 3 by an angle θ from the state where the convergence angle is 0 °, the front end surfaces 215L and 215R of the objective barrels 211L and 211R are front views shown in FIG. since rotational displacement about the point P ₃ by an angle theta / 2 in the middle, move to the position indicated by the circle F _L, F _R. Incidentally, the point _{P 4} in FIG. 6 is a center of the circle _{E R,} the point _{P 5} is the center of the circle _{F L.} In this movement, the front end surfaces 215L and 215R of the objective lens barrels 211L and 211R move inward by the length indicated by a in FIG. 6 and move downward by the length indicated by b, respectively.

In contrast, eye contact 212L, the rear end face of the 212R 214L, 214R, so that rotational displacement about the point _{P 2,} the circle _G L, but moves to the position indicated by _{G R,} this time, as can be seen from FIG. 6 The horizontal position hardly changes. That is, even if the convergence angle is adjusted, the eye width hardly changes.

  Therefore, in the binoculars 1 of the present embodiment, even if the convergence angle is adjusted, it is not necessary to readjust the eye width, so that extremely excellent operability can be obtained.

  In the case described above, there is no change in the eye width when the convergence angle is adjusted. However, the variable convergence angle binoculars as in the present invention are mainly used when observing insects at a short distance. Since it is assumed as an application, the magnification is relatively low, and thus the exit pupil is large. Therefore, even if there is a slight change in the width of the eye, it is not necessary to readjust the eye width in practice.

  In FIG. 4, the rotational axis 30 of the hinge 3 passes through the position of the line segment 100 accurately. However, in order to obtain the above-described effect, the rotational axis 30 accurately positions the line segment 100. It is not necessary to pass, and it is sufficient to pass near the line segment 100. Further, when the eye width adjustment mechanism is a biaxial type as in this embodiment, the height of the line segment 100 slightly changes due to the eye width adjustment (see FIGS. 2 and 3). In this case, The pivot axis 30 of the hinge 3 only needs to pass through the vicinity of the moving range of the line segment 100 on the side view shown in FIG.

Second Embodiment
7 is a plan view showing the binoculars according to the second embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 8 is a partial cross-sectional front view of the binoculars shown in FIG. 7, and FIG. 9 is a state in which the eye width is expanded from the state shown in FIG. It is a partial section front view showing binoculars. Hereinafter, the second embodiment of the binoculars of the present invention will be described with reference to this figure, but the description will focus on differences from the above-described embodiment, and the description of the same matters will be omitted.

The binoculars 1 'of the second embodiment shown in these drawings are the same as those of the first embodiment except that the eye width adjustment mechanism is a slide type. That is, the left bridge 22L and the right bridge 22R in binoculars 1 ', respectively, has the optical axis O _L, O _R and expandable structure in a direction perpendicular to the observation optical system.

  Hereinafter, the left bridge 22L will be described, but the right bridge 22R has a symmetric structure with the left bridge 22L, and thus the description thereof is omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the left bridge 22 </ b> L includes two flat plate members 221 and 222 that are slidably stacked. The left end portion of the flat plate member 221 is fixed to a protruding portion 213L formed at the upper part of the left lens barrel 21L, and the right end portion of the flat plate member 222 is fixed to the left half piece 31 of the hinge 3.

A flat plate member 221, a long elongated hole 223 in the optical axis O _L perpendicular direction are formed. Two pins 224 are installed on the flat plate member 222, and these two pins 224 are inserted into the long holes 223.

The length of the long hole 223 is longer than the distance between the two pins 224. Accordingly, a distance which can move within two pins 224 are long holes 223, the flat plate member 221, 222 is in slidable relative to the optical axis O _L perpendicular direction. Therefore, the left bridge 22L is therewith by the same length, and is extendable to the optical axis O _L perpendicular direction.

  A flange 225 is formed at the lower end of each pin 224, and the flat plate members 221 and 222 are held in an overlapping manner by the flange 225 coming into contact with the lower surface of the flat plate member 221.

Right bridge 22R also, the same structure, and is extendable to the optical axis O _R perpendicular direction.

  Appropriate friction is applied between the flat plate members 221 and 222. The left bridge 22L and the right bridge 22R can be manually expanded and contracted, and the state of an arbitrary length is maintained. Be able to.

  With such a configuration, in the binoculars 1 ', the length of the left bridge 22L and the right bridge 22R is expanded and contracted, and the left lens barrel 21L and the right lens barrel 21R are slid in the horizontal direction, so that the eye width shown in FIG. The eye width can be adjusted between the minimum state and the maximum eye width state shown in FIG.

  According to the binoculars 1 'of the second embodiment, the convergence angle can be adjusted similarly to the first embodiment, and the same effect can be obtained.

  The binoculars of the present invention have been described with respect to the illustrated embodiment. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and each part constituting the binoculars is replaced with one having an arbitrary configuration that can exhibit the same function. can do.

  Further, the present invention is not limited to the Dach prism type binoculars as in the above-described embodiment, and can be applied to any type of binoculars, for example, a Porro prism type binoculars.

  Further, the structure of the eye width adjusting mechanism is not limited to the biaxial type or the sliding type as in the illustrated embodiment, and any type of structure may be used. In the case of the biaxial type, the left and right eyepiece optical system and the Porro prism are respectively rotated about the optical axes of the left and right objective optical systems to adjust the eye width, for example (for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-161424).

  Further, the direction of the inclination of the rotation axis of the rotation connecting portion in a side view may be opposite to that of the illustrated embodiment.

It is a top view (top view) which shows the binoculars of 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a front view of the binoculars shown in FIG. It is a front view which shows the binoculars of the state which expanded the eye width from the state shown in FIG. It is a cross-sectional side view in the XX line in FIG. It is a top view when it is set as the state which the optical axis of both observation optical systems of the binoculars shown in FIG. 1 cross | intersects ahead. It is a front view of the binoculars for demonstrating that an eye width hardly changes when a convergence angle is correct | amended. It is a top view which shows the binoculars of 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a partial cross section front view of the binoculars shown in FIG. It is a fragmentary sectional front view which shows the binoculars of the state which expanded the eye width from the state shown in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1, 1 'Binoculars 2L Left half 2R Right half 21L Left barrel 21R Right barrel 211L, 211R Objective barrel 212L, 212R Aim 213L, 213R Projection 214L, 214R Rear end face 215L, 215R Front end face 22L Left bridge 22R Right bridge 221, 222 Flat plate member 223 Long hole 224 Pin 225 Flange 23L, 23R Eyepiece optical system 24L, 24R Eye width adjustment axis 3 Hinge 30 Rotating axis 31 Left half piece 311 Bearing 32 Right half piece 321 Bearing 33 Hinge axis 100 Line segment

Claims (5)

A left half including an observation optical system for the left eye;
The right half including the observation optical system for the right eye,
A rotation connecting portion that connects the left half and the right half so as to be relatively rotatable, and the rotation axis is inclined with respect to the optical axis of the observation optical system in a side view;
An eye width adjustment mechanism that adjusts the eye width without relatively rotating the left half body and the right half body at the rotation connecting portion;
By relatively rotating the left half body and the right half body at the rotation connecting portion, the optical axes of the two observation optical systems are parallel to each other, and the optical axes of the two observation optical systems The binoculars are configured to be able to take a state of crossing each other in front.   When the optical axes of the two observation optical systems are parallel to each other, the extension line of the pivot axis of the pivot coupling portion is a line segment connecting the centers of the rear end surfaces of the eyepiece optical systems of the two observation optical systems. The binoculars according to claim 1, which passes in the vicinity of.   3. The binoculars according to claim 1, wherein a rotation axis of the rotation coupling portion is inclined in a direction in which the objective side is high and the eyepiece side is low in a side view.   The binoculars according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the eye width adjusting mechanism is of a biaxial type.   The binoculars according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the eye width adjustment mechanism is of a slide type.

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