JP2005307413A

JP2005307413A - Yarn using bamboo fiber, and dry-distilled bamboo fiber

Info

Publication number: JP2005307413A
Application number: JP2004130022A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Eitoku Sagawa; 永徳佐川
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2004-04-26
Filing date: 2004-04-26
Publication date: 2005-11-04
Anticipated expiration: 2024-04-26
Also published as: JP4314349B2

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide functional fiber products by using bamboo fiber. <P>SOLUTION: Bamboo fiber is mix spun with other fibers at a weight ratio of (10 to 70)/(90 to 30) to form spun yarn having the original functions of bamboo fiber, namely excellent strength, antimicrobial activity, antioxidative effect, smell adsorption, and sound-proofing and crease resistance and discharge of negative ions without the problems on the fabric hand and dyeability. The bamboo fiber used here has a single fiber length of 25 to 75 mm and an average fiber diameter of 0.005 to 0.05 mm and the use of dry-distilled bamboo fiber can give products having more increased functions. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、竹を原料とする繊維を使用した糸及びそれに使用可能な乾溜竹繊維に関する。 The present invention relates to a yarn using fibers made from bamboo and a dry-distilled bamboo fiber usable for the yarn.

従来から竹を原料とする繊維は知られており、これらを使用する試みは種々なされているが、竹は、導管、師管からなる維管束と維管束を保護する維管束鞘があり、これらを継ぎ合わせるバインダーとして、タンパク質状物質や澱粉があるため、黴を呼び込み易く、直接繊維として使用できないとして、一般に、特許文献１及び２に示されるように、布帛の製造に使用するためには、竹を原料とするセルロースレーヨン繊維とすることが必要であるとされていた。しかし、竹をセルロースレーヨン繊維に加工すると、竹本来の特性が失われ、竹を使用する意味がなくなる。
特開２００３−１５５６４６号公報特開２００３−１１３５５４号公報 Conventionally, fibers made from bamboo have been known, and various attempts have been made to use them. However, bamboo has a vascular bundle consisting of a conduit and a phloem and a vascular sheath that protects the vascular bundle. As a binder that joins together, there are proteinaceous materials and starch, so that it is easy to attract wrinkles and cannot be used directly as fibers, and generally, as shown in Patent Documents 1 and 2, It was said that it was necessary to use cellulose rayon fiber made from bamboo. However, when bamboo is processed into cellulose rayon fiber, the original properties of bamboo are lost and the use of bamboo is no longer meaningful.
JP 2003-155646 A JP 2003-113554 A

本発明は、竹繊維を使用して、機能性ある繊維製品を提供することを課題とする。 An object of the present invention is to provide a functional fiber product using bamboo fiber.

本発明では、竹繊維を他のセルロース系繊維と一定の割合で混紡することにより、竹繊維本来の機能性（強度に優れ、抗菌作用、抗酸化作用、臭い吸着作用、防臭作用、防音作用などにも優れ、皺になり難く、マイナスイオンを放出する等）を有し、しかも風合い及び染色性にも問題がない繊維製品の提供を可能とする。 In the present invention, bamboo fiber is blended with other cellulosic fibers at a certain ratio, so that the original functionality of bamboo fiber (excellent strength, antibacterial action, antioxidant action, odor adsorbing action, deodorizing action, soundproofing action, etc. It is also possible to provide a fiber product that is excellent in resistance to wrinkles, releases negative ions, and has no problems in texture and dyeability.

本発明の糸は、竹繊維を他のセルロース系繊維からなる混紡糸であって、竹繊維が１０〜８０重量％の割合で含まれることを特徴とする。 The yarn of the present invention is a blended yarn comprising bamboo fibers made of other cellulosic fibers and is characterized in that bamboo fibers are contained in a proportion of 10 to 80% by weight.

竹繊維は、単繊維長２５〜７５ｍｍ、平均径０．００５〜０．０５ｍｍであるのが好ましく、竹繊維を乾溜したものとすることにより、より機能性が高まる。 The bamboo fiber preferably has a single fiber length of 25 to 75 mm and an average diameter of 0.005 to 0.05 mm, and the functionality is further improved by making the bamboo fiber dry-distilled.

本発明は、真竹などの強靱性と柔軟性を併せ持つ竹種を原料とするフィラメント繊維、または乾溜フィラメント繊維を含む糸であって、その繊維長は、解繊時には、２００ｍｍ以上１０００ｍｍ以内であり、分繊前には５１ｍｍ〜１５０ｍｍ、分繊後には約２５ｍｍ〜７５ｍｍの繊維長、平均径０．００５〜０．０５ｍｍとなる竹繊維を使用するのが好ましい。かかる竹繊維は、他の繊維、例えば綿、麻、レーヨンなどのセルロース系繊維、真綿、羊毛などの蛋白繊維、ポリエステル繊維などの合成繊維と混紡されるが、その混紡割合は、竹繊維が１０〜７０重量％程度、特に１５〜５０重量％程度であるのが好ましい。 The present invention is a filament fiber made from bamboo seeds having both toughness and flexibility, such as true bamboo, or a yarn containing dry-distilled filament fiber, and the fiber length is 200 mm or more and 1000 mm or less at the time of defibration, Bamboo fibers having a fiber length of about 25 mm to 75 mm and an average diameter of 0.005 to 0.05 mm are preferably used before splitting and after splitting. Such bamboo fibers are blended with other fibers, for example, cellulose fibers such as cotton, hemp, and rayon, protein fibers such as cotton and wool, and synthetic fibers such as polyester fibers. The blend ratio is 10% for bamboo fibers. It is preferably about 70% by weight, particularly about 15-50% by weight.

特に、細い竹繊維とセルロース系繊維を混紡することにより、風合いよく、竹繊維本来の機能性を備えた糸を得ることができ、しかも、共にセルロース系繊維であることから、染色性などにおいても、実用性ある製品を得ることができる。 In particular, by blending thin bamboo fibers and cellulose fibers, it is possible to obtain yarns with a good texture and the original functionality of bamboo fibers. A practical product can be obtained.

なお、本発明では、竹繊維を乾溜したものとすることにより、吸臭、吸着、抗菌などをより高度に保つ混紡糸を得ることができる。ここに乾溜したとは、加熱加圧条件下（例えば、５〜６気圧、１４０〜２００℃の状態）で、処理したことを意味するものであり、乾溜により、竹内部の油、水、虫などが除去され、乾溜された竹繊維は、竹の持つリグニンがポリフェノールになり、抗酸化作用が高まるだけでなく、多孔質がより大となり、吸臭、吸着、抗菌などの作用がより顕著になるのである。 In the present invention, a blended yarn that maintains odor absorption, adsorption, antibacterial and the like at a higher level can be obtained by making bamboo fibers dry. The term “distilled” here means that it has been treated under heat and pressure conditions (for example, 5 to 6 atmospheres and 140 to 200 ° C.). Bamboo fibers that have been removed and dried, such as bamboo lignin becomes polyphenols, not only increases the antioxidant effect, but also becomes more porous, and the effects of odor absorption, adsorption, antibacterial, etc. become more prominent It is.

このように、本発明で使用する竹繊維は、竹本来の機能性を有するものであり、特許文献１及び２に示されるような竹セルロースレーヨン繊維糸（硫酸などで一度竹を溶かした後、セルロースを取出したもの）とは全く異なるものである。本発明で使用する竹繊維は、物理的に、糖類、タンパク質、炭水化物、澱粉などをできる限り取り除き、維管、維管束などの繊維のみを取出した繊維である。取出した繊維を、より細い繊維にするための工程として、解繊、分繊の工程を繰り返す。また最も細い繊維を取出す方法は、これらの繊維に付着しているバインダー物質を取り除いてやれば、１本の繊維を取出すことも可能である。このときには、バインダー物質を取り除くため、希塩酸や希硫酸などで処理するのが好ましい。バインダー物質とは、上記の糖分、タンパク質、炭水化物、澱粉の他にリグニンなどがある。 Thus, the bamboo fiber used in the present invention has the original functionality of bamboo, and bamboo cellulose rayon fiber yarn as shown in Patent Documents 1 and 2 (after dissolving bamboo once with sulfuric acid, It is completely different from the one obtained from cellulose). The bamboo fiber used in the present invention is a fiber obtained by physically removing sugars, proteins, carbohydrates, starch and the like as much as possible and taking out only fibers such as vascular and vascular bundles. The process of defibration and splitting is repeated as a process for making the extracted fibers thinner. The thinnest fiber can be taken out by removing a binder substance adhering to these fibers and taking out one fiber. At this time, it is preferable to treat with dilute hydrochloric acid or dilute sulfuric acid in order to remove the binder substance. Examples of the binder substance include lignin in addition to the sugar, protein, carbohydrate, and starch.

本発明では、例えば竹の解繊した繊維を、単繊維長１００〜１２０ｍｍにしたものを、分繊機Ｎｏ．１に掛け、単繊維長４０〜７０ｍｍ、平均径０．０１〜０．０５ｍｍの分繊維を得る。このとき断面は変形異形断面となっている。この繊維に、他の繊維を混合した後、通常の紡績機または手紬により、混紡糸を得る。 In the present invention, for example, a fiber having a single fiber length of 100 to 120 mm made from bamboo defibrated fibers is designated as a fiber separator No. 1 to obtain a split fiber having a single fiber length of 40 to 70 mm and an average diameter of 0.01 to 0.05 mm. At this time, the cross section is a deformed deformed cross section. After mixing other fibers with this fiber, a blended yarn is obtained by a normal spinning machine or hand.

このような混紡糸は、通常の綿糸などと同様に、操作性よく織物や編物に製造でき、本発明の混紡糸を編織組織の少なくとも一部に使用した布帛は、強度が向上し、抗菌性などの機能性にも富むものとなる。 Such a blended yarn can be produced into a woven fabric or a knitted fabric with good operability in the same manner as a normal cotton yarn. A fabric using the blended yarn of the present invention for at least a part of the knitted fabric has improved strength and antibacterial properties. It will be rich in functionality.

本発明の混紡糸は、竹を原料とするセルロースレーヨン糸混合糸に比べて、強度、抗菌性、消臭性などに優れており、また、セルロースレーヨン糸に比べて、洗濯などによる抗菌性の低下も殆ど見られない。 The blended yarn of the present invention is superior in strength, antibacterial properties, deodorizing properties, etc., compared to cellulose rayon yarn mixed yarn made from bamboo, and has antibacterial properties due to washing, etc., compared to cellulose rayon yarn. There is almost no decline.

更に、本発明の混紡糸を使用した織物は、綿糸のみの織物と比較すると、強度は約２倍になり、また、乾溜竹繊維を含む織物は、竹の持つリグニンが熱分解され、フェノールとなり、抗酸化作用を持ち、極多孔質によるホルムアルデヒドの吸着、消臭作用、防音作用が顕著となり、竹本来の持つ抗菌作用など特に黄色ブドウ球菌などに対しては、その抗菌作用が特に顕著であった。また、洗濯による抗菌性、消臭性の低下は殆どなく、抗酸化作用、抗菌作用、消臭作用を求める製品に特に有用である。 Furthermore, the fabric using the blended yarn of the present invention is about twice as strong as the fabric made of only cotton yarn, and the fabric containing dry-distilled bamboo fiber is thermally decomposed into lignin of bamboo and becomes phenol. In addition, it has an antioxidative effect, and the adsorption of formaldehyde, deodorization and soundproofing are remarkable due to the extremely porous nature, and the antibacterial effect is particularly prominent against S. aureus, such as antibacterial properties inherent to bamboo. It was. In addition, there is almost no decrease in antibacterial and deodorant properties due to washing, and it is particularly useful for products that require antioxidant, antibacterial and deodorant effects.

次に、真竹を原料とした竹繊維、乾溜竹繊維を用いた実施例を説明する。なお、本発明原料は真竹の他、強靱性と柔軟性を併せ持つ竹種(女竹、呉竹、水竹など）が好ましく、また、下記の実施例に限定されるものではない。 Next, an embodiment using bamboo fiber and dry-distilled bamboo fiber made from true bamboo will be described. In addition to the bamboo, the raw material of the present invention is preferably a bamboo species having both toughness and flexibility (such as female bamboo, kure bamboo, and water bamboo), and is not limited to the following examples.

［実施例１］
乾溜竹繊維からなる混紡糸及びそれを使用した織物
解繊した竹繊維を、５．５気圧１５６℃にした釜で３〜１０分間乾溜し、乾溜解繊繊維を得る。単繊維長５１ｍｍにしたものを、分繊機Ｎｏ．１に掛け、単繊維長１０〜３５ｍｍ、平均径０．０１〜０．０５ｍｍの乾溜竹分繊維を得る。このとき断面は、竹の導管、維管が空となっており、極変形異形断面となっている。
この繊維と綿を重量比３０：７０の割合で混紡し、混紡糸を得る。得られた混紡糸による織物は、綿糸のみの織物と比較すると、強度は約２倍、そして乾溜竹フィラメント繊維を含む織物は、竹の持つリグニンが熱分解され、フェノールとなり、抗酸化作用を持ち、極多孔質によるホルムアルデヒドの吸着、消臭作用、防音作用が顕著となり、竹本来の持つ抗菌作用など特に黄色ブドウ球菌などに対しては、その抗菌作用が顕著であった。また、洗濯による抗菌性、消臭性の低下は全くなかった。特に抗酸化作用、抗菌作用、消臭作用を求める製品には特に有用であった。 [Example 1]
Blended yarn made of dry-distilled bamboo fibers and fabrics using the same Yarn-opened bamboo fibers are dried in a kettle at 5.5 atm 156 ° C. for 3 to 10 minutes to obtain dry-distilled defibrated fibers. A fiber splitting machine No. 1 having a single fiber length of 51 mm was used. 1 to obtain dry-distilled bamboo fiber having a single fiber length of 10 to 35 mm and an average diameter of 0.01 to 0.05 mm. At this time, the cross section of the bamboo conduit and vascular is empty, and it is an extremely deformed deformed cross section.
This fiber and cotton are blended at a weight ratio of 30:70 to obtain a blended yarn. The resulting blended yarn fabric is about twice as strong as the cotton yarn fabric, and the fabric containing dry-distilled bamboo filament fiber is thermally decomposed by bamboo lignin to phenol and has an antioxidant effect. In addition, the adsorption of formaldehyde, the deodorizing action, and the soundproofing action by the extremely porous material become remarkable, and the antibacterial action is remarkable especially for Staphylococcus aureus such as the antibacterial action inherent in bamboo. Further, there was no decrease in antibacterial and deodorant properties due to washing. It was particularly useful for products that require antioxidant, antibacterial and deodorant effects.

［実施例２］
竹繊維及びそれを用いたと綿の混紡糸からなる織物
解繊した竹繊維を、単繊維長１００〜１５０ｍｍにしたものを、分繊機Ｎｏ．１に掛け、単繊維長４０〜７５ｍｍ、平均径０．０１〜０．０３ｍｍの分繊維を得る。このとき断面は変形異形断面となっている。
これを手で紡いで糸を得る。変形異形断面であるから、その手触りは、シャリ感を大きく感じるものであり、また、竹本来の持つ抗菌性、消臭性に優れ、洗濯による抗菌性、消臭性の低下は全くなかった。
また、前述の方法で得られた分繊維と綿を重量比３０：７０の混紡を施し、混紡糸を得る。
得られた混紡糸による織物は、綿糸のみの織物と比較すると、強度は約２倍、その他抗菌、消臭など著しい特徴がみられた。また洗濯による抗菌性、消臭性の低下は全くなかった。 [Example 2]
Bamboo fiber and woven fabric made of cotton blended yarn
A defibrated bamboo fiber having a single fiber length of 100 to 150 mm is obtained as a fiber splitting machine No. 1 to obtain a split fiber having a single fiber length of 40 to 75 mm and an average diameter of 0.01 to 0.03 mm. At this time, the cross section is a deformed deformed cross section.
This is spun by hand to obtain the yarn. Since it has a deformed and deformed cross section, its hand feels a great sense of sharpness, and has excellent antibacterial and deodorant properties inherent to bamboo, and there was no deterioration in antibacterial and deodorant properties due to washing.
Further, the split fiber obtained by the above-described method and cotton are subjected to blending at a weight ratio of 30:70 to obtain blended yarn.
The resulting woven fabric made of blended yarn showed about twice the strength and other remarkable characteristics such as antibacterial and deodorant, compared with a fabric made only of cotton yarn. Moreover, there was no decrease in antibacterial and deodorant properties due to washing.

［実施例３］
竹繊維を用いた糸
解繊した竹繊維を、単繊維長１００〜１２０ｍｍにしたものを、分繊機Ｎｏ．１に掛け、単繊維長４０〜６０ｍｍ、平均径０．０１〜０．０３ｍｍの分繊維を得る。このとき断面は変形異形断面となっている。この繊維に綿、真綿、麻などの天然繊維、または合成繊維綿を重量比１００：０〜１０：９０で混合し、その後、通常の紡績機または手紬により、糸とした。得られた糸はいずれも、特許文献１などに記載されるような竹を原料とするセルロースレーヨン糸を使用したものに比して、強度、抗菌性、消臭性などに優れており、また、洗濯による抗菌性の低下も殆ど見られなかった。 [Example 3]
Yarn Using Bamboo Fiber A defibrated bamboo fiber having a single fiber length of 100 to 120 mm is used as a fiber splitting machine No. 1 to obtain a split fiber having a single fiber length of 40 to 60 mm and an average diameter of 0.01 to 0.03 mm. At this time, the cross section is a deformed deformed cross section. This fiber was mixed with natural fibers such as cotton, true cotton, hemp, or synthetic fiber cotton at a weight ratio of 100: 0 to 10:90, and then made into a yarn by a normal spinning machine or hand. All of the obtained yarns are superior in strength, antibacterial properties, deodorizing properties, etc., compared to those using cellulose rayon yarn made of bamboo as described in Patent Document 1, etc. There was almost no decrease in antibacterial properties due to washing.

［実施例４］
実施例３で得られた竹繊維からなる手紬糸を、経糸と緯糸に用い、平織組織の織物に用いたところ、真綿紬の平織物に似た感触の織物が得られた。また吸湿性、放湿性に優れていることが確認できた。
下記の方法で測定した吸湿性：２０．２％／１回目２０．８％／２回目
［試験方法］
絶乾質量（Ｗ）を測定した試料を高温多湿状態(４０℃×９０％）で４時間放置し、吸湿後の質量（Ｗ１）を測定し、次式により吸収率を求める。
吸収率（％）＝（Ｗ１−Ｗ）／Ｗ×１００ [Example 4]
When the hand warp yarn made of bamboo fiber obtained in Example 3 was used for warp and weft and used for a plain weave fabric, a woven fabric having a feel similar to a plain cotton weave plain fabric was obtained. Moreover, it has confirmed that it was excellent in the hygroscopic property and the moisture release property.
Hygroscopicity measured by the following method: 20.2% / 1st 20.8% / 2nd [test method]
The sample whose absolute dry mass (W) is measured is left in a high-temperature and high-humidity state (40 ° C. × 90%) for 4 hours, and the mass (W1) after moisture absorption is measured.
Absorption rate (%) = (W1-W) / W × 100

「実施例５］
実施例２で得た竹繊維を真綿と混紡した混紡糸を緯糸に用い、経糸に生糸を用いて、平織物を製織したところ、生糸のみの織物に比較して、麻の感覚に近いシャリ感を持った、抗菌性の強い織物が得られた。 Example 5
When weaving a plain fabric using the blended yarn obtained by blending the bamboo fiber obtained in Example 2 with true cotton as the weft and using the raw yarn as the warp, we feel a crispness close to the sense of hemp compared to the fabric made only of raw yarn. A fabric with strong antibacterial properties was obtained.

「発明の利用可能性］
本発明の混紡糸は、衣料及び産業分野のいずれにも、非常に効果的に利用できるものであり、機能性ある編織布を幅広く提供可能である。また、本発明では、乾溜竹繊維をも提供するものであるが、この乾溜竹繊維は、前述した如く、特に機能性に優れるものであり、例えば実施例１で得たような乾溜竹繊維を低融点繊維(ポリプロピレン、ポリ乳酸など）と８０：２０〜２０：８０の割合で混合して得た不織布は、黴が発生せず、抗菌性、消臭性及び吸湿性に優れるので、マット材、建築用資材や自動車用資材などとして非常に有用となる。 "Applicability of invention"
The blended yarn of the present invention can be used very effectively in both clothing and industrial fields, and can provide a wide range of functional woven fabrics. Further, in the present invention, a dry-distilled bamboo fiber is also provided. This dry-distilled bamboo fiber is particularly excellent in functionality as described above. For example, the dry-distilled bamboo fiber such as obtained in Example 1 is used. Nonwoven fabric obtained by mixing with low melting point fibers (polypropylene, polylactic acid, etc.) at a ratio of 80:20 to 20:80 does not generate wrinkles and is excellent in antibacterial, deodorant and hygroscopic properties. It is very useful as a building material or an automobile material.

Claims

A blended yarn comprising bamboo fibers and other fibers, wherein the bamboo fibers are contained at a ratio of 10 to 80% by weight.

The blended yarn according to claim 1, wherein the bamboo fiber has a single fiber length of 25 to 75 mm and an average diameter of 0.005 to 0.05 mm.

The blended yarn according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the other fibers are cellulosic fibers.

The blended yarn according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the bamboo fiber is a dry-distilled bamboo fiber.

Bamboo fibers having an average diameter of 0.01 to 0.05 mm obtained by drying and separating the defibrated bamboo fibers under heating and pressing conditions.