JP2005304142A - Power backup unit - Google Patents

Power backup unit Download PDF

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JP2005304142A
JP2005304142A JP2004114581A JP2004114581A JP2005304142A JP 2005304142 A JP2005304142 A JP 2005304142A JP 2004114581 A JP2004114581 A JP 2004114581A JP 2004114581 A JP2004114581 A JP 2004114581A JP 2005304142 A JP2005304142 A JP 2005304142A
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circuit
current
constant current
power backup
battery
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JP4709497B2 (en
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Kuniyoshi Watanabe
邦芳 渡辺
Masahiro Hamaogi
昌弘 濱荻
Yoshihide Takahashi
芳秀 高橋
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Hitachi Information and Telecommunication Engineering Ltd
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Hitachi Computer Peripherals Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a power backup unit where the number of pieces of battery cells is optimized. <P>SOLUTION: The charge circuit of a power backup unit is equipped with a boosting circuit 30 which receives the input of the output voltage of an AC/DC converter and boosts it to specified voltage, a constant current drive circuit 24 which converts the current outputted from the boosting circuit 30 into a constant current prior to output, a current detecting circuit 26 which detects the value of the current outputted from the constant current drive circuit 24, and a constant current control circuit 25 which controls the output current of the above constant current drive circuit into a fixed value, based on the current value detected by the current detecting circuit. The boosting circuit 30 boosts the output voltage from the AC/DC converter 12 thereby enabling the constant current charge control up to the upper limit value within the battery voltage range without depending upon the lower limit value in the output voltage range of the AC/DC converter. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、電子機器等の電源のバックアップを行う電源バックアップ装置に係り、特に電池のセル数を最適な値に設定することができる電源バックアップ装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a power backup device that performs power backup of an electronic device or the like, and more particularly to a power backup device that can set the number of cells of a battery to an optimum value.

近年のコンピュータシステムは、停電時に備えて電子機器の電源バックアップを行うための電源バックアップ装置が使用されている。この従来技術によるバックアップシステムについて図３を参照して説明すると、まず電源バックアップ対象となる電子機器１０が、電子機器１０のＡＣ／ＤＣコンバータ１２とＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ１３とから成る電源部１１と、該電源部１１から電力が供給される負荷部１４とから構成される場合、電源バックアップ装置２０は、電子機器１０のＡＣ／ＤＣコンバータ１２とＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ１３間に接続され、前記ＡＣ／ＤＣコンバータ１２から出力されるＡＣ／ＤＣ出力電圧を電源バックアップ装置の入力電圧とし、その電力を用いて充電を行うニッケル水素電池等の電池２８と、該電池２８に所定の定電流により充電を行う充電回路２１と、前記電池２８への充電及び停電時等に電池２８に充電した電力をＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ１３に放電する切り替えを行うスイッチ２２と、該スイッチ２２を制御する制御回路２３とから構成され、図示しない配線により充電回路２１から制御回路２３への給電が停止した場合、制御回路２３が停電等の障害が発生したと判別してスイッチ２２を放電に切り替える様に構成されている。前記電池２８は、セルと呼ばれる１本単位のセルを複数接続して構成される。   In recent computer systems, a power backup device for performing power backup of an electronic device in preparation for a power failure is used. The backup system according to this prior art will be described with reference to FIG. 3. First, an electronic device 10 to be backed up is a power supply unit 11 including an AC / DC converter 12 and a DC / DC converter 13 of the electronic device 10, and When the power supply unit 11 includes the load unit 14 to which power is supplied, the power backup unit 20 is connected between the AC / DC converter 12 and the DC / DC converter 13 of the electronic device 10, and the AC / DC The AC / DC output voltage output from the converter 12 is used as the input voltage of the power backup device, and the battery 28 such as a nickel metal hydride battery is charged using the power, and the battery 28 is charged with a predetermined constant current. The circuit 21 and the DC / DC converter for charging the battery 28 and charging the battery 28 during a power failure 3 and a control circuit 23 for controlling the switch 22, and when the power supply from the charging circuit 21 to the control circuit 23 is stopped by a wiring (not shown), the control circuit 23 is turned off. The switch 22 is switched to discharge when it is determined that a failure has occurred. The battery 28 is constituted by connecting a plurality of single-unit cells called cells.

また前記充電回路２１は、ダイオードＤ１を介して入力したＡＣ／ＤＣ出力電圧を定電流に保つための定電流駆動回路２４と、該定電流駆動回路２４から出力された電流の電流値を検出する電流検出回路２６と、該電流検出回路２６により検出した電流値をフィードバックして定電流駆動回路２４の出力が一定になる様に制御する定電流制御回路２５とから構成される。   The charging circuit 21 detects a current value of a current output from the constant current driving circuit 24 and a constant current driving circuit 24 for keeping the AC / DC output voltage input via the diode D1 at a constant current. The current detection circuit 26 includes a current detection circuit 26 and a constant current control circuit 25 that feeds back a current value detected by the current detection circuit 26 and controls the output of the constant current drive circuit 24 to be constant.

尚、前記電源バックアップ装置に関する技術が記載された文献としては、下記特許文献１が挙げられる。
特開２００３−３０９９３７号公報 特開２００３−３０９９３６号公報 The following Patent Document 1 is cited as a document describing the technology related to the power backup device.
JP 2003-309937 A JP 2003-309936 A

前述の従来技術による電源バックアップ装置２０は、チョッパ方式又はドロッパ方式等の非絶縁型で電流を制御回路２３にフィードバックすることにより充電回路２１が電池２８に定電流充電を行っている。この充電回路２１は、内部回路素子等による電圧低下を考慮し、電池２８の電圧範囲の下限値から上限値迄の範囲を高精度に定電流制御を行うためには、前記ＡＣ／ＤＣ出力電圧に対して電池２８の最大電圧値を低く設定する必要があった。   The power backup device 20 according to the above-described prior art is a non-insulated type such as a chopper method or a dropper method, and the charging circuit 21 performs constant current charging of the battery 28 by feeding back current to the control circuit 23. This charging circuit 21 takes into account the voltage drop due to internal circuit elements and the like, in order to perform constant current control with high accuracy in the range from the lower limit value to the upper limit value of the voltage range of the battery 28, the AC / DC output voltage However, the maximum voltage value of the battery 28 has to be set low.

これを説明すると図４に示す如く、ＤＣ／ＤＣ入力電圧の上下限界値内において、電池の電圧範囲の上限値を、ＡＣ／ＤＣ出力電圧範囲の下限値より低く設定する必要があった。このため従来技術による電源バックアップ装置２０は、電池を構成する電池セルの構成に制約を招き、最適な構成を組むことが困難であると言う不具合があった。   To explain this, as shown in FIG. 4, the upper limit value of the battery voltage range must be set lower than the lower limit value of the AC / DC output voltage range within the upper and lower limit values of the DC / DC input voltage. For this reason, the power backup device 20 according to the prior art has a problem in that it is difficult to assemble an optimum configuration because it restricts the configuration of the battery cells constituting the battery.

即ち従来技術による電源バックアップ装置は、前記電池の電圧範囲の上限値が制約を受けるために、電池の最大直列数に制約が生じ、必要とする電池のセル数が多くなり、最適なセル数により電池を構成することが困難であると言う不具合があった。   In other words, the power backup device according to the prior art is restricted by the upper limit of the voltage range of the battery, so that the maximum number of batteries in series is restricted, and the number of required battery cells is increased. There was a problem that it was difficult to construct a battery.

これを具体的に説明する。まず、(1)電池条件として、１セル当たりの最低電圧ＶＢＡＴｍｉｎが１．０Ｖ，１セル当たりの最大電圧ＶＢＡＴｍａｘが１．６Ｖ，電池１セル当たりの容量ＣＢＡＴが１Ａｈと設定され、(2)ＤＣ／ＤＣ入力電圧条件として、ＤＣ／ＤＣ入力電圧上限値ＶＤＣｍａｘが６０Ｖ，ＤＣ／ＤＣ入力電圧下限値ＶＤＣｍｉｎが３０Ｖとして設定され、(3)ＡＣ／ＤＣ出力電圧条件として、ＡＣ／ＤＣ出力電圧下限値ＶＡＣｍｉｎが４９．６Ｖとして設定され、(4)電子機器１０の要求条件として、電子機器１０の必要容量Ｃｄｒｖが３５Ａｈとして設定されているとする。 This will be specifically described. First, (1) battery conditions are set such that the minimum voltage V BATmin per cell is 1.0 V, the maximum voltage V BATmax per cell is 1.6 V, and the capacity C BAT per cell is 1 Ah. 2) As the DC / DC input voltage condition, the DC / DC input voltage upper limit value V DCmax is set to 60V, and the DC / DC input voltage lower limit value V DCmin is set to 30V. (3) The AC / DC output voltage condition is set to AC / DC It is assumed that the DC output voltage lower limit value V ACmin is set as 49.6 V, and (4) the required capacity C drv of the electronic device 10 is set as 35 Ah as a required condition of the electronic device 10.

上記条件の場合、ＤＣ／ＤＣ入力電圧下限値を満足するための電池の最低直列数は、（ＶＤＣｍａｘ）／（ＶＢＡＴｍｉｎ）＝３０／１＝３０となり、ＡＣ／ＤＣ出力電圧下限値を満足するための電池の最大直列数は、（ＶＡＣｍｉｎ）／（ＶＢＡＴｍａｘ）＝４９．６／１．６＝３１となり、電子機器１０が必要とする容量を満足するための必要直列数は（Ｃｄｒｖ）／（ＣＢＡＴ）＝３５／１＝３５本となる。 In the case of the above conditions, the minimum series number of batteries to satisfy the DC / DC input voltage lower limit value is (V DCmax ) / (V BATmin ) = 30/1 = 30, which satisfies the AC / DC output voltage lower limit value. The maximum number of series of batteries to achieve (V ACmin ) / (V BATmax ) = 49.6 / 1.6 = 31, and the necessary series number for satisfying the capacity required by the electronic device 10 is (C drv ) / ( CBAT ) = 35/1 = 35.

上記により全ての電池セルの直列接続によっては前記電子機器１０が必要とする容量を満足することができず、このため電圧範囲を満足するためには電池の最低直列数３０セルを並列接続することが要求され、このセルの並列接続による電子機器の必要容量を満足するための必要並列数は、（Ｃｄｒｖ）／［（ＣＢＡＴ）×３０］＝３５／［（１×３０）］＝１．１７列となる。この並列数は整数必要となるため、実際に組まれる電池の構成は３０セルを直列接続し、このセル群を並列に２列接続したものが必要となり、従って使用される電池セル数が６０セルになってしまい、過大な電池セルが必要となり、最適なセル数により電池を構成することが困難であると言う不具合があった。 As described above, the capacity required by the electronic device 10 cannot be satisfied depending on the series connection of all the battery cells. For this reason, in order to satisfy the voltage range, a minimum number of 30 cells in series must be connected in parallel. The required parallel number for satisfying the required capacity of the electronic device by the parallel connection of the cells is (C drv ) / [(C BAT ) × 30] = 35 / [(1 × 30)] = 1 .17 columns. Since this parallel number requires an integer, the battery configuration actually assembled requires 30 cells connected in series, and this cell group must be connected in two rows in parallel, so the number of battery cells used is 60 cells. As a result, excessive battery cells are required, and it is difficult to construct a battery with an optimal number of cells.

本発明の目的は、前述の従来技術による不具合を除去することであり、電池セルを最適な数に設定することができる電源バックアップ装置を提供することである。   An object of the present invention is to eliminate the inconveniences caused by the above-described prior art, and to provide a power backup device capable of setting an optimum number of battery cells.

本発明は、電子機器等の電源のバックアップを行う電源バックアップ装置において、電源バックアップ装置の入力電圧を用いて電池に充電を行う充電回路が、バックアップ電源装置の入力電圧を所定の電圧まで昇圧する昇圧回路と、該昇圧回路から出力された電流を定電流に変換して出力する定電流駆動回路と、該定電流駆動回路から出力された電流の電流値を検出する電流検出回路と、該電流検出回路により検出した電流値を基に前記定電流駆動回路の出力電流が一定値となる様に制御する定電流制御回路とを備えることを第１の特徴とし、この電源バックアップ装置において、前記昇圧回路が、電源バックアップ装置の入力電圧を昇圧することにより電源バックアップ装置の入力電圧範囲の下限値に依存せず電池電圧範囲の上限値まで定電流充電制御することを第２の特徴とする。   The present invention relates to a power backup apparatus for backing up a power source of an electronic device or the like, wherein a charging circuit for charging a battery using an input voltage of the power backup apparatus boosts the input voltage of the backup power supply apparatus to a predetermined voltage. Circuit, a constant current drive circuit that converts the current output from the booster circuit into a constant current and outputs the current, a current detection circuit that detects a current value of the current output from the constant current drive circuit, and the current detection And a constant current control circuit that controls the output current of the constant current drive circuit to be a constant value based on a current value detected by the circuit. However, by boosting the input voltage of the power backup device, the battery backup voltage can be set to the upper limit of the battery voltage range without depending on the lower limit value of the input voltage range of the power backup device. To flow charging control and the second feature.

前記本発明による電源バックアップ装置は、電源バックアップ装置の入力電圧を昇圧することにより、電池セルの個数を最適な値に設定することができる。   The power backup device according to the present invention can set the number of battery cells to an optimum value by boosting the input voltage of the power backup device.

以下、本発明の一実施形態による電源バックアップ装置を図面を参照して詳細に説明する。図１は、本実施形態による電源バックアップ装置を説明するための図、図２は本実施形態による電源バックアップ装置の各電圧の関係を示す図である。   Hereinafter, a power backup apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining the power backup device according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between the voltages of the power backup device according to the present embodiment.

本実施形態による電源バックアップ装置２０は、図１に示す如く、まず電源バックアップ対象となる電子機器１０のＡＣ／ＤＣコンバータ１２とＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ１３間に接続され、前記ＡＣ／ＤＣコンバータ１２から出力されるＡＣ／ＤＣ出力電圧の一部を入力して該電池２８に所定の定電流により充電を行う充電回路２１と、前記電池２８への充電及び停電時等に電池２８に充電した電力をＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ１３に放電する切り替えを行うスイッチ２２と、該スイッチ２２を制御する制御回路２３とから構成され、充電回路２１から制御回路２３への給電が停止した場合、制御回路２３がスイッチ２２を充電からタイオードＤ２を介する放電に切り替える様に構成されている。   As shown in FIG. 1, the power backup apparatus 20 according to the present embodiment is first connected between the AC / DC converter 12 and the DC / DC converter 13 of the electronic device 10 that is the power backup target, and outputs from the AC / DC converter 12. The charging circuit 21 that inputs a part of the AC / DC output voltage to be charged to the battery 28 with a predetermined constant current, and the power charged in the battery 28 at the time of charging the battery 28 or during a power failure, etc. When the power supply from the charging circuit 21 to the control circuit 23 is stopped, the control circuit 23 switches the switch 22 to the DC / DC converter 13 and the control circuit 23 that controls the switch 22. It is configured to switch from charging to discharging via the diode D2.

特に本実施形態による充電回路２１は、ダイオードＤ１を介して入力したＡＣ／ＤＣ出力電圧を所定の電圧値に昇圧する昇圧回路３０と、該昇圧回路３０によれ昇圧された電圧を定電流に保つための定電流駆動回路２４と、該定電流駆動回路２４から出力された電流の電流値を検出する電流検出回路２６と、該電流検出回路２６により検出した電流値をフィードバックして定電流駆動回路２４の出力が一定になる様に制御する定電流制御回路２５とから構成される。   In particular, the charging circuit 21 according to the present embodiment boosts the AC / DC output voltage input via the diode D1 to a predetermined voltage value, and keeps the voltage boosted by the boosting circuit 30 at a constant current. A constant current drive circuit 24 for detecting the current value of the current output from the constant current drive circuit 24, and a constant current drive circuit for feeding back the current value detected by the current detection circuit 26. And a constant current control circuit 25 for controlling the output of 24 to be constant.

本実施形態による昇圧回路３０は、チョッパ方式により制御され、図２に示す如く、ＡＣ／ＤＣコンバータ１２から出力されるＡＣ／ＤＣ出力電圧を昇圧することにより、電池電圧範囲の上限の電圧値が、ＡＣ／ＤＣ出力電圧範囲の下限値に依存せず定電流充電が出来る様に昇圧動作をする。   The booster circuit 30 according to the present embodiment is controlled by the chopper method, and as shown in FIG. 2, by boosting the AC / DC output voltage output from the AC / DC converter 12, the upper limit voltage value of the battery voltage range is increased. The step-up operation is performed so that constant current charging is possible without depending on the lower limit value of the AC / DC output voltage range.

本実施形態による電源バックアップ装置２０は、前記昇圧回路３０が、ＡＣ／ＤＣコンバータ１２からの出力電圧をして電池電圧範囲の上限の電圧値をＡＣ／ＤＣ出力電圧範囲の上限値と下限値の間になる値に昇圧することにより、ＡＣ／ＤＣコンバータ１２の出力電圧に左右されずに最適な電池のセル構成を行うことができる。   In the power backup device 20 according to the present embodiment, the booster circuit 30 outputs the output voltage from the AC / DC converter 12 and sets the upper limit voltage value of the battery voltage range to the upper limit value and lower limit value of the AC / DC output voltage range. By boosting the voltage to an intermediate value, an optimal battery cell configuration can be performed without being influenced by the output voltage of the AC / DC converter 12.

これを具体的に説明すると、前述の図４を用いて説明した条件下において、ＤＣ／ＤＣ入力電圧下限値を満足するための電池の最低直列数は、（ＶＤＣｍａｘ）／（ＶＢＡＴｍｉｎ）＝３０／１＝３０となり、ＤＣ／ＤＣ入力電圧上限値を満足するための電池の最大直列数は、（ＶＡＣｍｉｎ）／（ＶＢＡＴｍａｘ）＝６０／１．６＝３７．５となり、電池セルの直列接続数を３０〜３７に設定することができる。従って前述した電子機器１０が必要とする容量を満足するための必要直列数は（Ｃｄｒｖ）／（ＣＢＡＴ）＝３５／１＝３５本に設定することができる。即ち、従来技術においては６０セル必要であったものを３５セルに低減することができる。 Specifically, under the conditions described with reference to FIG. 4, the minimum number of batteries in order to satisfy the DC / DC input voltage lower limit value is (V DCmax ) / (V BATmin ) = 30/1 = 30, and the maximum series number of batteries to satisfy the DC / DC input voltage upper limit value is (V ACmin ) / (V BATmax ) = 60 / 1.6 = 37.5, The number of series connections can be set to 30-37. Therefore, the necessary series number for satisfying the capacity required by the electronic device 10 described above can be set to (C drv ) / (C BAT ) = 35/1 = 35. That is, the number of cells required in the prior art can be reduced to 35 cells.

この様に本実施形態による電源バックアップ装置２０は、電子機器から供給されるＡＣ／ＤＣコンバータ１２の出力電圧を昇圧することによって、電池セルの個数を最適な値に設定することができる。   As described above, the power backup device 20 according to the present embodiment can set the number of battery cells to an optimum value by boosting the output voltage of the AC / DC converter 12 supplied from the electronic device.

尚、前記実施形態においては、電子機器１０に使用される電源部１１のＡＣ／ＤＣコンバータ１２の出力電圧を電源バックアップ装置の入力電圧としてその電圧を昇圧する例を説明したが、本発明は本実施形態に限られるものではなく、例えば電源バックアップ装置の入力電圧の供給元がＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータのものにも適用することが出来る。   In the above-described embodiment, an example in which the output voltage of the AC / DC converter 12 of the power supply unit 11 used in the electronic device 10 is boosted using the input voltage of the power backup device has been described. The present invention is not limited to the embodiment, and the present invention can be applied to, for example, a DC / DC converter that supplies the input voltage of the power backup device.

本発明の一実施形態による電源バックアップ装置を説明するための図。The figure for demonstrating the power backup apparatus by one Embodiment of this invention. 本実施形態による電源バックアップ装置の各電圧の関係を示す図。The figure which shows the relationship of each voltage of the power backup device by this embodiment. 従来技術による電源バックアップ装置を説明するための図。The figure for demonstrating the power backup device by a prior art. 従来技術による電源バックアップ装置の各電圧の関係を示す図。The figure which shows the relationship of each voltage of the power backup device by a prior art.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１０：電子機器、１１：電源部、１２：ＡＣ／ＤＣコンバータ、１３：ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ、１４：負荷部、２０：電源バックアップ装置、２１：充電回路、２２：スイッチ、２３：制御回路、２４：定電流駆動回路、２５：定電流制御回路、２６：電流検出回路、２８：電池、３０：昇圧回路。
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10: Electronic device, 11: Power supply part, 12: AC / DC converter, 13: DC / DC converter, 14: Load part, 20: Power supply backup device, 21: Charging circuit, 22: Switch, 23: Control circuit, 24 : Constant current drive circuit, 25: constant current control circuit, 26: current detection circuit, 28: battery, 30: boosting circuit.

Claims (2)

電子機器等の電源のバックアップを行う電源バックアップ装置において、電源バックアップ装置の入力電圧を用いて電池に充電を行う充電回路が、バックアップ電源装置の入力電圧を所定の電圧まで昇圧する昇圧回路と、該昇圧回路から出力された電流を定電流に変換して出力する定電流駆動回路と、該定電流駆動回路から出力された電流の電流値を検出する電流検出回路と、該電流検出回路により検出した電流値を基に前記定電流駆動回路の出力電流が一定値となる様に制御する定電流制御回路とを備えることを特徴とする電源バックアップ装置。 In a power backup device that backs up a power source of an electronic device or the like, a charging circuit that charges a battery using an input voltage of the power backup device includes a boost circuit that boosts the input voltage of the backup power device to a predetermined voltage, and A constant current drive circuit that converts the current output from the booster circuit into a constant current and outputs the current, a current detection circuit that detects a current value of the current output from the constant current drive circuit, and a current detection circuit that detects the current value A power backup apparatus, comprising: a constant current control circuit that controls an output current of the constant current drive circuit to be a constant value based on a current value. 前記請求項１記載の電源バックアップ装置において、前記昇圧回路が、電源バックアップ装置の入力電圧を昇圧することにより電源バックアップ装置の入力電圧範囲の下限値に依存せず電池電圧範囲の上限値まで定電流充電制御することを特徴とする請求項１記載の電源バックアップ装置。

2. The power backup device according to claim 1, wherein the booster circuit boosts the input voltage of the power backup device so that it does not depend on the lower limit value of the input voltage range of the power backup device and is constant up to the upper limit value of the battery voltage range. 2. The power backup apparatus according to claim 1, wherein charging is controlled.

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