JP2005295864A - Degreasing equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To apply a bending load to a grain by hitting the head part of the grain pod from the side and causing it to collide at high speed with a mesh having an appropriate mesh size and wire diameter. The aim is to improve the grain shedding and eliminate the occurrence of spatter and achieve a complete single grain.
SOLUTION: The present invention is characterized in that a forced hitting rotor is provided which applies a forced hitting from the side to the head part of the cereals to be sandwiched and conveyed and collides with a mesh body on the opposite side to drop the grain. And Further, the mesh body is characterized in that the mesh pitch is densely arranged on the tip side from the stock side. Further, an air selection means for pumping the selection air through the mesh is provided on the upper side of the mesh body. Further, the forced hitting rotor has a surface that is substantially oval with a net body, and is alternately struck in a state of sandwiching the ears of the cereal buds, and a pair is provided to face each other. It is characterized by that.
[Selection] Figure 2

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a degranulation apparatus that applies an impact to a grain head and degranulates, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery.

As a conventional technique of a threshing device, a cylindrical handling cylinder that sheds grains by causing a rotating tooth-hand to act from the stock side to the tip side in the slimming direction of the cereal, with respect to the head part of the cereal that is sandwiched and conveyed (known) And the tip part degranulated by a twisting action caused by a relative speed difference between a pair of opposing degranulation belts, as shown in Patent Document 1, or as shown in Patent Document 2 There is a type in which metal or resin pellets are ejected and collided so as to be sandwiched from above and below toward the head of the grain cereal being conveyed.
JP 2000-4653 A JP-A-1-120222

  Since threshing by tooth-handling is a tensile load on the grain, there are many occurrences of severance and swarf generation, which was accompanied by increased branching, increased horsepower consumption, and increased loss outside the machine. .

  The degranulation due to the belt relative speed difference has a problem that a sufficient degranulation performance cannot be obtained because the handling action does not work much only by the twisting action.

  Moreover, the threshing by the pellet injection collision is difficult to cause the pellet to act reliably on all the grains of the cereal buds, and a lot of degranulation residue is generated. In addition, it is difficult to collect the pellets, which complicates the apparatus and is difficult to put into practical use.

  In order to eliminate the above-mentioned problems, the present invention aims to strike the head part of the corn straw from the side and collide with a mesh body having an appropriate mesh size and wire diameter at high speed. Therefore, it is in order to make a perfect single grain by making a grain load act on a grain rather than a tensile load, and improving grain-removing property, and eliminating the occurrence of a spike.

  The present invention has taken the following technical means in order to solve the above-described problems. That is, the present invention according to claim 1 is provided with a forced hitting rotor that applies a forced hitting from the side to the ear part of the corn straw that is nipped and conveyed and collides with the opposite mesh body to cause the grain to drop. It is characterized by that.

  A forced blow rotor that rotates at high speed strikes from the side against the ears of the cereals that are nipped and conveyed, and collides with a mesh body having an appropriate degree of mesh facing the opposite side, and threshing. Thereby, since not a tensile load but a bending load acts on the grain of the head part, there is no occurrence of ear breakage and single graining becomes easy.

  The present invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that, in claim 1, the mesh body is configured such that the mesh pitch is denser on the tip side than on the stock side.

  If the mesh pitch of the mesh is larger (wider) to a certain extent, it tends to fall apart, but branch raft adhering grains are more likely to occur. On the contrary, when the pitch is small (narrow), it is difficult to degranulate, but branch rachis adhering grains are difficult to occur. From this, it can be made to degranulate uniformly in the whole region of a head part by coarsening a mesh pitch as the stock source side where the density of a leaf stem part is high, and making it dense as the tip side.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect of the present invention, an air selection means is provided on the upper side of the mesh body to pump the selection air through the mesh.

  By the sorting wind, the leaf stem portion having a light mass and the ear portion having a heavy mass are favorably separated, and only the ear portion can be caused to collide with the reticulate body in advance, thereby improving the grain removal property.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the forced hitting rotor is configured such that the surface is configured in a substantially oval shape with a net body, and alternately hits each other with the ears of the cereals sandwiched between them. A pair is provided so as to accept each other, and they are arranged to face each other.

  A pair of opposing oval striking rotors rotate in opposite directions, and when the rotor on one side strikes the head of the cereal that passes between them, The head part is received by the rotor on the other side by the mesh body on the surface. Thereby, generation | occurrence | production of soot waste can be reduced and it can degranulate, and there is no generation | occurrence | production of branch infarction adhering grain, and degranulation property improves further.

  In short, according to the present invention of claim 1, the grain part of the grain part is smashed by hitting it from the side and colliding with the opposite net-like body, so On the other hand, not a tensile load but a bending load is applied, and there is no occurrence of spatter, making it easy to make a single grain and improving the grain-removing property.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, while having the effect of the first aspect of the invention, the mesh pitch of the net is coarser toward the root side where the density of the leaf stem portion is higher, and closer to the tip side. By doing, it can be made to degranulate uniformly in the whole region of a head.

  Further, according to the present invention of claim 3, while the effects of the invention of claim 1 or claim 2 are exerted, the sorting wind is pumped through the mesh from above the mesh body. Separation of a light leaf stem part and a heavy mass ear part is ensured well, and it can be made to collide with a net-like body while leading only the ear part, thereby improving the degranulation property.

  Further, according to the present invention of claim 4, the reticulated oval striking rotors rotating in opposite directions are struck against each other against the ears of the cereals passing between the striking rotors, and Since the collisions with each other are received, in addition to the effect of the first aspect of the invention, generation of sawdust and occurrence of branch rachis adhering grains can be eliminated, and further improvement of the degranulation property can be achieved.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings.

  First, the structure of the combine shown in FIG. 1 will be described.

  On a vehicle body 2 having a traveling crawler 1, a mowing unit 3 that can be moved up and down is mounted at the front, and a threshing device (threshing machine) 4 is mounted at the rear. A cabin 5 that surrounds the operating unit is installed on the lateral side of the cutting unit 3, and a Glen tank 6 is installed behind the cabin 5.

  Next, the configuration of the degranulation apparatus 4 will be described. On the one side of the degranulation chamber 7 of the degranulation apparatus 4, there is provided a culm holding and conveying device 8 that lays down and conveys the culm in a horizontal state.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, an oval forced impact rotor 9 is rotatably installed around the shaft 10 in the threshing chamber 7, and is lateral to the head of the cereal that is nipped and conveyed. From 15 m / s or more at a high speed. On the opposite side of the striking rotor 9, a net-like body 11 configured in a lattice shape or a crimp net shape is provided as a collided body for receiving the hitting portion of the hit cereal. In other words, the stalks of the beaten grains are made to collide with the reticulate body 11, thereby generating a bending load (see (b) in FIG. 4) at the root of the grain so as to be made into a single grain. The striking rotor 9 has an elliptical shape with a minor axis of 300 mm and a major axis of about 500 mm in the embodiment. By sending the cereal between the rotor 9 and the net-like pair 11, Is struck at high speed and is lifted upward to collide with the mesh. At this time, the leaf stem portion has a large air resistance and a low specific gravity, so the speed is slower than the grain attachment portion, and as a result, it collides with the reticulate body 11 with the grain attachment portion of the ear portion exposed from the leaf stem portion. Will do. Therefore, the grain adhering portion receives a large bending load, and can be surely degranulated without generating shavings, cuttings of ears, and branch sticky adhering grains.

  As shown in FIG. 4 (a), the mesh body 11 increases (coarse) the mesh pitches P1 to P4... (P1> P2> P3> P4... It is configured to be smaller (dense) toward the side so as to equalize the grain removal property.

  In the mesh body 11, as shown in FIG. 5, if the lattice mesh material is made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene and the mesh cross-sectional shape is made sharp 11a, the ears become the mesh. When the collision occurs, the opportunity for the grain body to come into contact with the net is reduced, and single graining is facilitated.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, above the mesh body 11, there is a compressed wind as wind selection means for pumping the selected wind from above the mesh body through the mesh and into the lower degreasing chamber 7. By providing the fan 12, separation of the light leaf stem part and the heavy grain adhering part is promoted, and only the grain adhering part is caused to collide with the mesh body to improve the grain-removing property.

  Furthermore, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the elliptical forcing rotors 9 and 9 that rotate in opposite directions are provided to face each other, and the striking rotors 9 and 9 are shifted in phase by approximately 90 degrees. It is made to rotate, and it is constituted so that it may hit each other with respect to the head part of the cereal which passes between both, and may receive a collision with each other. The surfaces of the rotors 9 and 9 are constituted by mesh bodies 11 and 11 having appropriate sizes, and the rotational speed of the rotors 9 and 9 is such that the cereals reciprocate between the rotors. Thus, the structure can be changed according to the type of the crop so as to collide with the mesh on the rotor surface at the maximum speed.

  In this manner, the pair of opposing oval striking rotors 9 and 9 rotate in opposite directions to each other, and the rotor 9 on one side strikes the head of the cereal that passes between them. In some cases, the beater of the beaten cereal is received by the rotor 11 on the other side by the mesh body 11 on the surface, and the grains are shed by hitting each other and receiving each other.

  Next, another embodiment shown in FIGS. 7 to 9 will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 7, a pair of nets 11, 11 made of linear or plate-like lattices are provided opposite to each other. The interval between the opposing mesh bodies 11 and 11 is set to about 300 mm and is configured to reciprocate up and down at a high speed of 500 rpm or more. Then, by sending the culm that is sandwiched and conveyed by the culm sandwiching and conveying device 8 between the swinging meshes 11 and 11, the tip part of the culm is jumped up and down at a high speed, and the reticulated mesh body is formed. It will collide and be shattered. Also by this structure, a bending load can be generated in the root part of a grain and it can be made into a single grain reliably. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 8, the swing fulcrum P is set at the tip side position of the supplied cereal and the stock drive side is swung larger than the tip side by the swing drive mechanism 13. As a result, the strainer side has a greater impact than the tip side, the stem side is densely packed against the tip side, and the strainer side that is difficult to shatter can be collided at a higher speed, and the threshing rate is uniform from the tip to the root Can be Further, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 9, the culm holding and conveying device 8 for feeding and supplying cereals to the upper and lower nets 11 and 11 opposed to each other is sandwiched on the strainer side of the cereals. By forcibly swinging up and down in the state, the head part side of the cereal is made to collide with the nets 11, 11 at high speed and degrown. By swinging the stock side of the cereal having a long length, the amplitude on the tip side can be greatly amplified with the small amplitude of the sandwiching portion, and the threshing effect can be enhanced.

  Further, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 10 and FIG. 11, the feeding rotating bodies 21, 21... Rotating in the opposite direction while facing each other and the lattice disposed on the lower side in the rotational direction of the facing contact portion. It is made up of a net-like mesh body 11 and is fed and released at a high speed while being held by the feed rotary bodies 21 and 21 while being held between the feed rotators 21 and 21, causing it to collide with the mesh body 11, The threshing action can be efficiently performed while suppressing the occurrence of branching. The surfaces of the feed rotators 21, 21... Are preferably composed of elastic bodies 22 that can be elastically displaced. The length of the rotating body 21 may be about 200 to 400 mm, the diameter may be about 200 to 350 mm, the peripheral speed may be about 30 m / s, and the mesh body 11 may have a mesh pitch of about 12 mm and a wire diameter of about 2 mm. .

  In addition, in the said structure, if a peripheral speed difference is provided in the opposing rotary body, a twisting effect will be given to the adhesion part of a grain and it will become easy to degranulate.

  12 and 13 is configured to cut and take only the tip portion of the cereal and transport it to a predetermined location, and then allow it to collide with the mesh body 11 by the slot device 23 to cause the grain to fall. is there. According to this, there is almost no generation | occurrence | production of sawdust, sorting is not required so much, and it can also carry in to a glen tank directly.

  The degranulation apparatus shown in FIGS. 14 to 16 is provided with a plurality of degranulation rotors 25a, 25b, 25c,... That have a mesh-like striking plate 24 on the circumference, and are opposite to the adjacent rotors. It is configured such that it rotates and hits the ear part of the cereal cocoon on which the mesh-like hitting plate 24 is nipped and transported, and hits from the bottom or hits it from below. In other words, for example, if the right-rotating threshing rotor 25a hits the ear of the cereal from above and knocks it down, the adjacent left-rotating threshing rotor 25b lowers the cereal head. Then, the crushed rotor 25c adjacent to the crushed rotor 25c is struck from the top by the right rotation in the same direction as the crushed rotor 25a, and crushed downward. The range that acts on the tip of the hitting plate 24 is increased, and the degranulation efficiency is improved.

  The degranulating apparatus disclosed in FIG. 17 is provided with a plurality of tapping blade plates 26 obliquely with respect to the rotation axis direction on the outer periphery of a detaching rotor 25 that is rotatably supported, and this tapping blade plate 26 that rotates at a high speed. It is the structure which hits the ear | edge part of the cereal basket pinched and conveyed by ..., and is made to collide with the net-like body 11 provided in the circumference | surroundings of a degranulation rotor, and to degranulate.

  In addition, the threshing device disclosed in FIG. 18 is configured such that the culm holding and conveying device 8 clamps the stock side of the cereal and forcibly conveys the tip while sucking the tip by the suction device (suction fan) 27. A plurality of mesh bodies 11, 11... Are installed in the side transport path, and the tip of the cereal cocoon that is forcibly transported while being stretched by a suction force is sequentially placed on the mesh bodies 11, 11,. It is made to collide and shed. According to this, since the tip part is collided with the net-like body in a state where it is stretched by the suction force, the degranulation effect is improved, the generation of swarf is less, and the grain after degranulation is selected and collected by the suction device. be able to.

Combine side view Cutting front view of the main part of the degreasing device Cut front view of the main part Sectional view (b) and action diagram (b) of the main part of the net-like body A perspective view of a part of a net-like body and a sectional view thereof Cutting front view of the main part of the degreasing device Front sectional view of the main part of the degreasing device Front sectional view of the main part Front sectional view of the main part Cutting side view of the main part of the degreasing device Cut front view of the main part Side cross-sectional view of the main part of the degreasing device Perspective view of the main part Front view of main parts of degreasing equipment Side sectional view of the main part Perspective view of the main part Plan view and front view of main part of degreasing device Top view of degranulation equipment

Explanation of symbols

4 Threshing device (threshing machine) 7 Threshing chamber 8 Grain pinching and conveying device 9 Forced blow rotor 11 Reticulated body 12 Pressurized fan

Claims (4)

  A degranulation apparatus comprising a forcible blow rotor for applying a forced blow from the side to a head portion of a corn straw that is nipped and transported and colliding with a mesh body on the opposite side to cause shed.   The degranulation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the mesh has a mesh pitch that is denser on the tip side than on the stock side.   The degreasing device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an air selection means for pumping the selection air through the mesh is provided on the upper side of the mesh body.   The forced hitting rotor has a surface that is substantially oval with a net body, and is alternately hit with the grain heads sandwiched between them, and a pair is provided so as to face each other. The degranulating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein

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