JP2005284044A - Stereoscopic image display device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a stereoscopic image display device with which successful stereoscopic observation is possible by making a dark part between observation areas inconspicuous and suppressing crosstalk between parallax images. <P>SOLUTION: In the stereoscopic image display device which has a display element having a plurality of two-dimensionally arranged pixels and displays a synthetic parallax image in which a plurality of parallax images are composited and a separation means for separating display light from a display device so that the plurality of parallax images included in the synthetic parallax image are presented to corresponding observation positions arranged in the horizontal direction, it is characterized that the separation means has a plurality of cylindrical lenses having optical power in the horizontal direction, in a column consisting of a pixel column in the horizontal direction of the display element and the plurality of cylindrical lenses corresponding to the pixel column, a boundary line which sections pixels in the pixel column is non-parallel with generatrices of the cylindrical lenses and mutual generatrices are discontinued between the vertically adjacent cylindrical lens column. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a stereoscopic image display device that enables stereoscopic viewing using left-right eye parallax and presents motion parallax by separating and presenting parallax images taken from multiple directions into corresponding spatial regions. It is.

  2. Description of the Related Art A parallax / panoramagram type stereoscopic image display apparatus that enables stereoscopic viewing without using a special glasses-type filter is known.

  FIG. 17 shows an example of a conventional parallax / panoramagram type stereoscopic image display device, in which four different images are displayed separately in the horizontal direction at an observation position at a distance L from the stereoscopic image display device. Indicates what is possible.

  The stereoscopic image display device shown in FIG. 17 has a display 101 that displays a combined parallax image obtained by combining four parallax images, and display light from each parallax image on the display 101 at a corresponding observation position. It consists of a lenticular lens 102 for separate presentation. The stereoscopic image display device shown in FIG. 17 particularly shows an example in which a combined parallax image in which parallax images are arranged in a vertical stripe shape is used.

  FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating a state in which a parallax image is presented separately at an observation position by the stereoscopic image display device illustrated in FIG. 17. Display lights from the parallax images (1 to 4) in the synthesized parallax image on the display 101 are separately presented by the lenticular lens 102 to the corresponding observation positions (1 to 4).

  FIG. 20 is a diagram showing the arrangement of synthetic parallax images on a display disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-236777 and FIG. 21 showing the configuration of a lenticular lens corresponding thereto. 20 shows a case where seven parallax images (1 to 7) are used, and FIG. 21 shows a case where a combined parallax image obtained by synthesizing two parallax images (RL) is used.

In FIG. 20 and FIG. 21, in order to improve the decrease in resolution when observing a stereoscopic image using a synthesized parallax image, the position of the pixel displaying the corresponding parallax image is sequentially shifted in the horizontal direction for each horizontal pixel column. It is staggered and arranged. Also, corresponding to this pixel arrangement, the parallax images are separated in the same manner as shown in FIG. 17 by matching the direction of the lenticular lens bus with the direction connecting the corresponding pixels in different horizontal pixel columns. Presenting.
JP-A-9-236777 JP-A-57-27546

  However, the above-described conventional stereoscopic image display device has the following problems. As shown in FIG. 18, in the stereoscopic image display device shown in FIG. 17, a set of pixels constituting a composite parallax image is presented enlarged to an observation position by a corresponding lens. The dark part (black stripe) existing in between is also enlarged and presented at the observation position. FIG. 19 is a diagram showing a luminance distribution at the observation position in FIG. It can be seen that a dark portion where no image is presented due to the black stripe occurs between the observation regions where each parallax image can be observed.

  Further, in the stereoscopic image display device shown in FIG. 21, since the bus line of the lenticular lens is greatly inclined with respect to the pixels on the display, the observation areas of the respective parallax images are overlapped and crosstalk is increased, resulting in an unnatural display. End up.

  In particular, in the stereoscopic image display apparatus shown in FIG. 20, the observation areas of three or more different parallax images overlap each other, and good stereoscopic observation becomes difficult due to crosstalk between parallax images.

  Furthermore, in the stereoscopic image display device shown in FIGS. 20 and 21, since the parallax images of the same viewpoint are distributed in an inclined direction only in the direction of the lenticular lens at the observation position, when the observer moves in the vertical direction of the display screen, Unnatural motion parallax is observed.

  The present invention solves the above-described problems, makes dark portions between observation regions inconspicuous, suppresses crosstalk between parallax images, and further unnatural when an observer moves up and down the display screen. It is an object of the present invention to provide a stereoscopic image display device that does not generate significant motion parallax and enables good stereoscopic observation.

  A display element that has a plurality of square pixels arranged two-dimensionally and displays a synthesized parallax image obtained by synthesizing a plurality of parallax images, and a plurality of parallax images included in the displayed synthesized parallax image In a stereoscopic image display device having separating means for separating display light from the display device so as to present at corresponding observation positions arranged at least in the horizontal direction. A boundary line that divides pixels in the pixel column in the pixel column in the horizontal direction of the display element and the corresponding column of the plurality of cylindrical lenses has a plurality of cylindrical lenses having optical power. Provided is a stereoscopic image display device characterized in that the generatrix is non-parallel to the lens generatrix and the generatrix is discontinuous between adjacent cylindrical lens rows That.

  As described above, the stereoscopic image display device according to the present invention can provide a stereoscopic image display device in which black stripes are not noticeable in a vertical stripe composite image or a stereoscopic image display device using a staggered wrench. .

  Furthermore, since the black stripe pattern and the degree of crosstalk can be controlled, the black stripe pattern and the degree of crosstalk can be arbitrarily set according to the usage application of the stereoscopic image display apparatus.

  Hereinafter, the stereoscopic image display device according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to each embodiment.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a stereoscopic image display apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the stereoscopic image display apparatus includes a display 101 and a lenticular lens (hereinafter, wrench) 105. The display 101 has pixels divided by vertical and horizontal black stripes, and displays a vertical stripe-shaped composite parallax image obtained by combining a plurality of parallax images. In the present specification, description will be made on the assumption that the upper and lower frame portions in the outer frame of the display 101 or the like are oriented in the horizontal direction. The same applies to the other embodiments.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a method for producing a vertical-striped synthetic parallax image. The vertical stripe-shaped composite parallax image is produced by sequentially combining the parallax images divided into vertical stripes in the horizontal direction. In the present embodiment, description will be made using a synthesized parallax image synthesized from four parallax images, but the present invention can be applied to a synthesized parallax image made up of an arbitrary number of parallax images.

  As shown, the wrench 105 is provided on the display surface side of the display 101. Each cylindrical lens constituting the wrench 105 has a width corresponding to a set of pixels for displaying each parallax image (1 to 4) in the combined parallax image in the horizontal direction, and each pixel in the vertical direction. It has a height corresponding to the vertical width. The wrench 105 is arranged so that the display light from the display 101 is separated from the wrench 105 by a distance L through each cylindrical lens and is displayed separately in the horizontal direction.

  FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the unit cylindrical lens constituting the wrench 105 and the pixels of the display 101. Each cylindrical lens constituting the wrench 105 according to the present embodiment acts in a horizontal direction on a set of pixels displaying each parallax image adjacent in the horizontal direction as described above, and its bus line. Is inclined at a predetermined angle θ with respect to a black stripe that is long in the vertical direction of the display 101. The wrench 105 has a plurality of cylindrical lenses arranged two-dimensionally in the direction of black stripes that are long in the vertical direction of the display 101 in the vertical direction and in the direction of black stripes that are long in the horizontal direction in the horizontal direction. . As a result, the wrench 105 has a configuration in which the optical action is discontinuous for each pixel included in a set of pixel groups corresponding to each parallax image in the horizontal direction and for each pixel in the vertical direction. doing.

  The optical action of the wrench 105 of this embodiment is basically the same as that shown in FIG. 17 as a conventional example in an arbitrary horizontal section (for example, section C3 in FIG. 3) crossing the wrench 105. The display light emitted from the pixels corresponding to the parallax images on the display 101 is observed from a predetermined region on the observation position with the luminance distribution shown in FIG.

  On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the bus line of each cylindrical lens of the wrench 105 is inclined at a predetermined angle θ with respect to the black stripe that is long in the vertical direction of the display 101, so that the observation position depends on the vertical position of the unit cylindrical lens. The luminance distribution of the light rays reaching the point changes.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a change in the optical path when the unit cylindrical lens 105a of the wrench 105 is displaced in the horizontal direction with respect to the display 101. FIG. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the luminance distribution at the observation position of the light beam that has passed through the C1-C5 cross section of the wrench 105 in FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, when the unit cylindrical lens 105a is displaced in the horizontal direction with respect to each pixel, the luminance distribution at the observation position changes. Therefore, when the generating line of the unit cylindrical lens 105a is tilted as shown in FIG. 3, the luminance distributions formed by the light beams that have passed through the C1-C5 cross sections are shifted from each other as shown in FIG. In reality, innumerable cross-sections are considered, and the luminance distribution created by each pixel on the observation position is a trapezoidal distribution or a triangular distribution as shown in the lower part of FIG.

  As described above, the luminance distribution of the display area created by the pixels on the display 101 on the observation position is given a trapezoidal distribution by giving the inclination of the generating line of the unit cylindrical lens 105a to the conventional one shown in FIG. Compared with the rectangular luminance distribution seen in the stereoscopic image display device, the width of the dark part where the image is not presented can be reduced. On the other hand, when the slope of the generating line of the unit cylindrical lens 105a is further increased and adjacent trapezoids overlap each other, the dark portion is eliminated to have a constant luminance, while the overlapping portion is a cross in which different images are mixed. Because of the talk, excessive overlap between luminance distributions is undesirable.

  From the above, the brightness between the display areas formed on the observation position and the width of the crosstalk are in a trade-off relationship, and the use of the display device can be made by changing the value of the inclination θ of the bus of the unit cylindrical lens 105a. The desired characteristics can be controlled according to the above.

  In addition, since parallax images of the same viewpoint are distributed in the vertical direction of the display screen at the observation position, no unnatural motion parallax occurs even when the observer moves in the vertical direction of the display screen.

  FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the luminance distribution of each observation region when the inclination θ of the generatrix of each unit cylindrical lens 105a is set to a predetermined value. In FIG. 6, the horizontal pixel pitch of the display 101 is Hd, the horizontal aperture ratio is k (0 <k <1), and the vertical pixel pitch is Vd. Further, the horizontal width of each pixel is indicated by k · Hd, and the width of the black matrix (non-display portion) in the horizontal direction is indicated by (1−k) · Hd.

As shown in FIG. 6A, when the inclination θ of the generating line 10 of the unit cylindrical lens 105a satisfies the expression (1), the light beams emitted from the uppermost part and the lowermost part of each pixel are observed by the unit cylindrical lens 105a. The positions of the luminance distributions created at the positions are shifted from each other by the same amount as the width of the non-display area at the observation position. For this reason, the luminance distribution formed by each pixel is trapezoidal, and the luminance distribution of pixels adjacent in the horizontal direction is in contact, so that an observation position where the luminance is completely eliminated can be eliminated. In this case, since the luminance distribution of pixels adjacent in the horizontal direction is not superimposed, crosstalk is not observed, but an observation position with low luminance is generated.
tan θ = (1−k) · Hd / Vd (1) On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 6 (2), when the inclination θ of the generatrix 10 of the cylindrical lens 105a satisfies the equation (2), The position of the luminance distribution formed at the observation position by the unit cylindrical lens 105a by the light beams emitted from the uppermost part and the lowermost part of the pixel is shifted from each other by the same amount as the width of the luminance distribution at the observation position. For this reason, the luminance distribution created by each pixel is triangular, and the luminance distribution of pixels adjacent in the horizontal direction is superimposed to cause crosstalk, but the luminance variation at each observation position is substantially uniform.
tan θ = k · Hd / Vd (2) Further, as shown in FIG. 6 (3), when the inclination θ of the bus 10 of the cylindrical lens 105a satisfies the equation (3), The position of the luminance distribution formed at the observation position by the light beam emitted from the lower part by the unit cylindrical lens 105a is shifted from the other by the same amount as one pitch of the luminance distribution at the observation position. For this reason, the luminance distribution formed by each pixel is trapezoidal, and the luminance distribution of pixels adjacent in the horizontal direction is superimposed to cause crosstalk, but the luminance at each observation position is constant.
tan θ = Hd / Vd (3) Further, as shown in FIG. 6 (4), when the inclination θ of the bus 10 of the cylindrical lens 105a satisfies the equation (4), the luminance distribution formed by each pixel becomes a trapezoid. Crosstalk with a pixel adjacent in the horizontal direction occurs, but crosstalk with a neighboring pixel does not occur.
tan θ = (2-k) · Hd / Vd (4) From the above, the inclination θ of the bus 10 of the unit cylindrical lens 105a is (1−k) · Hd / Vd ≦ tan θ ≦ (2−k) · Hd / It is desirable to be in a range that satisfies Vd. Further, in order to suppress the degree of occurrence of crosstalk, it is desirable to be in a range satisfying (1−k) · Hd / Vd ≦ tan θ ≦ Hd / Vd. However, when there is a shape error or scattering action of the cylindrical lens 105a, the basic luminance distribution is not rectangular as shown in FIG. 5 but becomes trapezoidal, so that the unit cylindrical lens 105a has a shape corresponding to the wrench 105 to be used. It is desirable to adjust the inclination θ of the bus 10.

  FIG. 7 shows a stereoscopic image display apparatus which is a modification of the embodiment described in FIG. In FIG. 7, the display 119 has a plurality of substantially parallelogram pixels arranged in the horizontal and vertical directions in which the vertical black stripes are inclined at an angle θ with respect to the vertical direction as shown in the figure. The vertical black stripes are not continuous between the horizontal rows of pixels adjacent vertically. By using such a display 119, even when a wrench 102 having a continuous bus bar in the vertical direction, which has been conventionally used, is used, the relative pixels of the cylindrical lens constituting the wrench 102 and each pixel of the display 119 are used. The positional relationship is the same as in FIG. For this reason, the black stripe pattern and the crosstalk can be controlled to desired values by making the inclination θ of the pixel of the display 119 appropriate.

  FIG. 8 shows a stereoscopic image display apparatus which is another modification of the embodiment described in FIG. 8 is obtained by replacing the wrench 105 as the optical path separating means in FIG. 1 with a mask 107 having a substantially parallelogram-shaped opening whose longitudinal side is inclined by an angle θ with respect to the vertical direction. Even when the mask 107 is used, the black stripe pattern and the crosstalk can be controlled to desired values by making the inclination θ appropriate.

  Further, as a modification of the configuration shown in FIG. 7, the wrench 102 having a bus bar continuous in the vertical direction may be changed to a conventional parallax barrier having an opening continuous in the vertical direction. Also in this case, the black stripe pattern and the crosstalk can be controlled to desired values by inclining the black stripe between the adjacent pixels on the left and right by the angle θ as in the case of FIG.

  FIG. 9 shows a modification of the configuration shown in FIG. 7, and shows an example in which a display 119 having a pixel shape of “<” is used. A typical IPS liquid crystal panel has a pixel shape of “<” as shown in the figure.

  In FIG. 9, in each horizontal row of pixels, the black stripe that is the boundary between the pixels does not face the vertical direction, so the bus of the cylindrical lens constituting the wrench 102 and the black stripe of the display 119 are relative to each other. Therefore, a trapezoidal luminance distribution can be created at the observation position. Further, by adjusting this inclination, the black stripe pattern and the crosstalk can be controlled to desired values as described above.

  Although FIG. 9 shows an example of a display having a “<”-shaped pixel, the shape of the pixel is not limited to this, and the screen can be filled without any gaps. Any shape can be used as long as the corresponding pixels can be arranged linearly in the vertical direction. For example, it may be a parallelogram type shown in FIG. 7 or a trapezoidal pixel shape that is alternately inverted up and down. Moreover, the outer periphery which comprises a pixel does not need to be a straight line, for example, may be on a circular arc.

  FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a stereoscopic image display apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The stereoscopic image display apparatus according to the present embodiment includes a display and a wrench as in the stereoscopic image display apparatus described in the first embodiment. However, the detailed configuration differs as described below. Hereinafter, differences from the stereoscopic image display apparatus described in the first embodiment will be described.

  The display 108 has pixels divided by vertical and horizontal black stripes as in the display 101, but is different from the display 101 in the way of combining the synthesized parallax images to be displayed.

  FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a method for producing a composite parallax image in the present embodiment. The synthesized parallax image in the present embodiment is produced by sequentially combining parallax images to be synthesized in two dimensions. In the present embodiment, description will be made using a synthesized parallax image synthesized from four parallax images, but the present invention can be applied to a synthesized parallax image made up of an arbitrary number of parallax images.

  As shown in FIG. 11, the display 108 decomposes the parallax images corresponding to four different observation positions vertically and horizontally and arranges them in a matrix in a predetermined order and combines them into a matrix-like composite image (= pixels of the same viewpoint). The first matrix-like composite image shifted diagonally is displayed. That is, in each horizontal pixel row, pixels that display each parallax image are arranged in the same order, but in a pixel row that is one step up and down, the corresponding pixel that displays each parallax image is predetermined in the horizontal direction. Is shifted by an amount (one pixel in FIG. 10). As a result, the pixels for displaying the parallax images are also arranged in the same order in the vertical pixel columns, and have a predetermined deviation from each other.

  In the vertical stripe composite image described in FIG. 2, the resolution of the image observed from one viewpoint is reduced only in the horizontal direction, whereas in the matrix-like composite image, the resolution reduction is dispersed in the horizontal and vertical directions. . For this reason, in the case of using a matrix-like composite image, the reduction in resolution can be made inconspicuous compared to the case in which the resolution is reduced only in the horizontal direction.

  The wrench 109 is provided on the display surface side of the display 108 as with the wrench 105. The unit cylindrical lens 109a constituting the wrench 109 is the same as the cylindrical lens 105a in correspondence with the pixels on the display 108, and has a predetermined line width with respect to a black stripe whose bus line is long in the vertical direction of the display 108. The same applies to the point where the angle θ is inclined.

  On the other hand, the wrench 109 is different from the wrench 105 in the arrangement of the unit cylindrical lenses 109a in correspondence with the pixel arrangement in the composite parallax image displayed on the display 108 being different from the display 101. In other words, as described above, in the display 108, the pixels for displaying the corresponding parallax images are shifted by a predetermined amount in the horizontal direction between the pixel rows that are vertically different from each other. The position of the bus bar is also shifted by a predetermined amount between the adjacent unit cylindrical lenses 109a. In FIG. 10, with respect to the pitch HL between the bus bars, the unit cylindrical lenses 109a vertically adjacent to each other are shifted by HL / 4 and arranged in the vertical direction.

  FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an optical path in a horizontal section of the stereoscopic image display device shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 12, the horizontal positions of the unit cylindrical lenses 109a adjacent vertically are shifted by HL / 4 in the horizontal direction, so that even when the pixel arrangement is shown in FIG. Presented to. In the figure, a reference state (corresponding to the pixel row 108a) is indicated by a solid line, and a state shifted by HL / 4 (corresponding to the pixel row 108b) is indicated by a broken line. When the unit cylindrical lens 109a is shifted HL / 4 to the right in the figure, the display 108 is also in a positional relationship in which the display 108 is shifted to the right by Hd.

  In the display 108, the state in which the corresponding pixel is shifted by one pixel between the upper and lower adjacent pixel rows is shown, but the arrangement of the unit cylindrical lens 109a in the wrench 109 is also associated with other shift amounts. Thus, the same display can be performed.

  With the above configuration, in the second embodiment as well as in the first embodiment, the value of the inclination θ of the generating line of the unit cylindrical lens 109a is changed, so that the position on the observation position depends on the use of the display device. It is possible to control the relationship between the luminance (black stripe pattern) between display areas to be created and the width at which crosstalk occurs to a desired characteristic.

  FIG. 13 shows a modification of the second embodiment. As shown in FIG. 13, in the same way as in the first embodiment, a mask having a substantially parallelogram-shaped opening whose longitudinal side is inclined by an angle θ with respect to the vertical direction instead of the wrench 109 as the optical path separating means. 113 may be used. Even when the mask 113 is used, the black stripe pattern and the crosstalk can be controlled to desired values by making the inclination θ appropriate.

  Also in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7 or FIG. 9, it is possible to use a display in which the black stripe that is the boundary between the pixels does not face the vertical direction in each horizontal row of pixels. In this case, the trapezoidal luminance distribution can be obtained by locating the side of the cylindrical lens constituting the wrench 109 or the side of the opening column of the mask 113 with an inclination relative to the black stripe of the display. Can be made. Further, by adjusting this inclination, the black stripe pattern and the crosstalk can be controlled to desired values as described above.

  FIG. 14 shows a stereoscopic image display apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention, which is a further improvement of the stereoscopic image display apparatus according to the second embodiment described with reference to FIG. The composition of details is different as you do. Hereinafter, differences from the stereoscopic image display apparatus described in the second embodiment will be described.

  The wrench 114 used in this embodiment is composed of the same unit cylindrical lens 109a as in the second embodiment, but is different from the wrench 109 in the second embodiment in the arrangement method. In the wrench 114 used in the present embodiment, the horizontal lines of the unit cylindrical lenses 109a that are vertically adjacent to each other are shifted by HL / 4 + Δvn (n = 1, 2, 3,...) In the horizontal direction. Here, Δvn is a minute distance in the horizontal direction that is sufficiently smaller than HL / 4, and ΣΔvn = 0 over the entire surface of the wrench 114.

  As shown in FIG. 14, since the generating line of the unit cylindrical lens 109a constituting the wrench 114 is inclined by an angle θ with respect to the vertical direction, the luminance distribution formed by each horizontal line of the unit cylindrical lens 109a is shown in FIG. As shown, the pattern corresponds to the angle θ. Here, as described above with reference to FIG. 6, there is a trade-off relationship between suppressing the occurrence of black stripes by uniformizing the luminance distribution by the angle θ and suppressing the crosstalk. For this reason, when the crosstalk is to be kept below a certain level, the luminance distribution formed by each horizontal line of the unit cylindrical lens 109a is not necessarily uniform. Therefore, as described in the second embodiment, in the case where the horizontal lines of the unit cylindrical lenses 109a vertically adjacent to each other are shifted by, for example, HL / 4 in response to the pixels being shifted between the vertically adjacent pixel rows. In this case, the luminance distribution formed by all the unit cylindrical lenses 109a is not uniform, and a position where the screen appears bright and a position where the screen appears dark are generated depending on the observation position.

  On the other hand, consider a case where each horizontal line of the unit cylindrical lens 109a is further shifted by Δv in the horizontal direction.

  FIG. 15 is a diagram showing the luminance distribution at the observation position by each horizontal line when the horizontal lines of the plurality of unit cylindrical lenses 109a are shifted by Δv. FIG. 15 shows a case in which a plurality of luminance distributions are provided by being regularly shifted with respect to a case where there is a region having a luminance of 0 in a valley portion of the luminance distribution formed by horizontal parallel of the unit cylindrical lens 109a.

  As can be seen from FIG. 15, by disposing the horizontal lines of the unit cylindrical lens 109a by a minute distance Δv, the luminance distributions created at the observation positions by the horizontal lines are shifted from each other. As a result, regardless of the observation position, minute portions with low brightness relative to the surroundings are randomly observed on the screen at a constant rate, while there is no observation position where the brightness of the entire screen is reduced, and the observer is always It becomes possible to observe a screen with a constant luminance.

  Each value of Δv has a constant distribution such as a normal distribution, for example, and the sum of Δv is preferably zero. In addition, Δv may have a fixed relationship between the horizontal lines of the adjacent unit cylindrical lenses 109a or may be random.

  As described above, in the third embodiment, the unit cylindrical lens 109a constituting the wrench 114 has a generating line inclination θ, and the horizontal distance between the horizontal lines of the unit cylindrical lens 109a is Δv. By shifting, the black stripe pattern and the crosstalk can be controlled to desired values.

  FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a stereoscopic image display apparatus according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. The stereoscopic image display device shown in FIG. 16 is capable of separately displaying eight different images in the horizontal and vertical directions at the observation positions separated by a distance L.

  The stereoscopic image display device includes a display 115, a first wrench 116, and a second wrench 117. The first wrench 116 is a separating unit that separates the display light of the display 115 in the horizontal direction, and the second wrench 117 is a separating unit that separates the display light in the vertical direction.

  In the display 115, pixels that display a plurality of parallax images with predetermined regularity shown in FIG. 16 are arranged in the horizontal and vertical directions in the same manner as the method described in the second embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 16, the display 115 displays a matrix-like composite parallax image in which a plurality of 2 × 4 unit matrix pixels are two-dimensionally arranged from an image of eight viewpoints.

  The wrench 116 and the wrench 117 are provided on the display surface side of the display 115. Similar to the first embodiment, the wrench 116 is a separating means for separating the display light of the display 115 in the horizontal direction. The wrench 116 is a unit in which the bus is inclined by an angle θ with respect to the vertical black stripe of the display 115. A plurality of cylindrical lenses are arranged in parallel to the black stripe in the horizontal and vertical directions. At this time, the unit cylindrical lens constituting the wrench 116 preferably has a width corresponding to the width of the unit matrix pixel (four pixels in FIG. 16). The height of the unit cylindrical lens may be a height corresponding to the height of the unit matrix pixel (two pixels in FIG. 16), but the angle θ can be freely adjusted as described in the first embodiment. In order to increase the degree, it is preferable to correspond to the height of one pixel.

  The second wrench 117 is a separating means for separating the display light of the display 115 in the vertical direction. A unit cylindrical lens whose bus is inclined by an angle φ with respect to the horizontal black stripe of the display 115 is defined as a horizontal direction. A plurality are arranged in parallel to the black stripe in the vertical direction. At this time, the unit cylindrical lens constituting the wrench 117 preferably has a width corresponding to the height of the unit matrix pixel of the display 115 (two pixels in FIG. 16). The width of the unit cylindrical lens may be a width corresponding to the width of the unit matrix pixel (four pixels in FIG. 16), but the angle φ is adjusted in the same manner as the angle θ described in the first embodiment. In order to increase the degree of freedom, it is preferable to correspond to the width of one pixel.

  As in the first embodiment, the wrench 116 can control the vertical black stripe pattern and the crosstalk to desired values by changing the inclination θ of the generating line of the cylindrical lens constituting the wrench 116. .

  The wrench 117 can be considered in the same manner as the wrench 116 rotated 90 degrees. That is, by changing the inclination φ of the generating line of the cylindrical lens constituting the wrench 117, the horizontal black stripe pattern and the crosstalk can be controlled to desired values.

  In this embodiment, two types of wrench are used, but a toric lens array having an optical action in two directions, or a parallelogram shape in which the vertical and horizontal sides have inclinations θ and φ are used. A mask having an opening may be used.

  Further, in the first to fourth embodiments, the cylindrical lens constituting the wrench has an optical action in the horizontal or vertical direction, but acts in a direction substantially perpendicular to the inclination θ or φ described in the embodiments. Even if a lens is used, the same effect can be obtained.

The figure which shows the three-dimensional image display apparatus which concerns on 1st Example of this invention. Diagram showing how to create a vertical-striped composite parallax image The figure which shows the relationship between the unit cylindrical lens which comprises the wrench 105, and the pixel of the display 101. FIG. The figure which shows the change of the optical path when the unit cylindrical lens 105a of the wrench 105 has shifted | deviated to the horizontal direction with respect to the display 101. FIG. Diagram showing the luminance distribution when the cylindrical lens is tilted The figure which shows the relationship between inclination (theta) of the bus line of the unit cylindrical lens 105a, and the luminance distribution of each observation area | region. The figure which shows the three-dimensional image display apparatus which is a modification of the 1st Example of this invention. The figure which shows the three-dimensional image display apparatus which is another modification of the 1st Example of this invention. The figure which shows the three-dimensional image display apparatus which is another modification of the 1st Example of this invention. The figure which shows the three-dimensional image display apparatus which concerns on 2nd Example of this invention. The figure which shows the production method of the synthetic | combination parallax image in 2nd Example. The figure which shows the optical path in the horizontal cross section of the stereo image display apparatus which concerns on a 2nd Example. The figure which shows the three-dimensional image display apparatus which is a modification of the 2nd Example of this invention. The figure which shows the three-dimensional image display apparatus which concerns on 3rd Example of this invention. The figure which shows the luminance distribution which the stereo image display apparatus concerning the 3rd Example of this invention makes. The figure which shows the three-dimensional image display apparatus which concerns on the 4th Example of this invention. The figure which shows an example of the stereoscopic image display apparatus of the conventional parallax panoramagram system The figure which shows a mode that a parallax image is isolate | separated and shown to an observation position with the conventional stereoscopic image display apparatus. The figure which shows the luminance distribution in the observation position of the conventional stereoscopic image display apparatus The figure which shows the structure of the synthetic | combination parallax image and lenticular lens of the conventional stereo image display apparatus. The figure which shows the structure of the synthetic | combination parallax image and lenticular lens of the conventional stereo image display apparatus.

Explanation of symbols

101, 108, 119, 115 Display 102, 105, 109 Lenticular lens (wrench)
105a, 109a Unit cylindrical lens 107 Mask 108a, 108b Pixel row 116 First wrench 117 Second wrench

Claims (15)

A display element that has a plurality of square pixels arranged two-dimensionally and displays a synthesized parallax image obtained by synthesizing a plurality of parallax images;
A stereoscopic image having separation means for separating display light from the display element so as to present a plurality of parallax images included in the displayed composite parallax image at corresponding observation positions arranged in at least the horizontal direction. In the display device,
The separating means has at least a plurality of cylindrical lenses having optical power in the horizontal direction,
In the pixel row in the horizontal direction of the display element and the row of the plurality of cylindrical lenses corresponding thereto, the boundary line that partitions the pixels in the pixel row is not parallel to the generatrix of the cylindrical lens and is adjacent vertically A stereoscopic image display device characterized in that the mutual bus lines are discontinuous between the cylindrical lens rows. A display element that has a plurality of square pixels arranged two-dimensionally and displays a synthesized parallax image obtained by synthesizing a plurality of parallax images;
A stereoscopic image having separation means for separating display light from the display element so as to present a plurality of parallax images included in the displayed composite parallax image at corresponding observation positions arranged in at least the horizontal direction. In the display device,
The separating means has at least a plurality of cylindrical lenses having optical power in the horizontal direction,
In the pixel row in the horizontal direction of the display element and the row of the plurality of cylindrical lenses corresponding thereto, the boundary line that partitions the pixels in the pixel row is not parallel to the generatrix of the cylindrical lens and is adjacent vertically A stereoscopic image display device, wherein a boundary line partitioning pixels in the pixel row is discontinuous between the pixel rows to be processed. The boundary line separating the pixels in the pixel row and the bus of the cylindrical lens are expressed by the following equations when the vertical pitch of the pixel is Vd, the horizontal pitch is Hd, and the horizontal aperture ratio is k. The stereoscopic image display device according to claim 1, wherein the angle θ satisfies the following condition.
(1-k) · Hd / Vd ≦ tan θ ≦ (2-k) · Hd / Vd The boundary line separating the pixels in the pixel column and the bus of the cylindrical lens are expressed by the following equations when the vertical pitch of the pixel is Vd, the horizontal pitch is Hd, and the horizontal aperture ratio is k. The stereoscopic image display device according to claim 1, wherein the angle θ satisfies the following condition.
(1-k) · Hd / Vd ≦ tan θ ≦ Hd / Vd A display element that has a plurality of square pixels arranged two-dimensionally and displays a synthesized parallax image obtained by synthesizing a plurality of parallax images;
A stereoscopic image having separation means for separating display light from the display element so as to present a plurality of parallax images included in the displayed composite parallax image at corresponding observation positions arranged in at least the horizontal direction. In the display device,
The separating means comprises barrier means comprising a rectangular opening and a light shielding part,
In the pixel row in the horizontal direction of the display element and the row of the plurality of openings of the barrier means corresponding thereto, the boundary line that partitions the pixels in the pixel row is not parallel to the side forming the opening, A stereoscopic image display device characterized in that the sides forming openings adjacent to each other are discontinuous. A display element that has a plurality of square pixels arranged two-dimensionally and displays a synthesized parallax image obtained by synthesizing a plurality of parallax images;
A stereoscopic image having separation means for separating display light from the display element so as to present a plurality of parallax images included in the displayed composite parallax image at corresponding observation positions arranged in at least the horizontal direction. In the display device,
The separating means comprises barrier means comprising a rectangular opening and a light shielding part,
In the pixel row in the horizontal direction of the display element and the row of the plurality of openings of the barrier means corresponding thereto, the boundary line that partitions the pixels in the pixel row is not parallel to the side forming the opening, A stereoscopic image display device, wherein a boundary line separating pixels in a pixel row is discontinuous between vertically adjacent pixel rows. The boundary line separating the pixels in the pixel column and the vertical side of the opening are Vd as the vertical pitch of the pixel, Hd as the horizontal pitch, and k as the horizontal aperture ratio. The stereoscopic image display device according to claim 6, wherein an angle θ satisfying the following formula is satisfied.
(1-k) · Hd / Vd ≦ tan θ ≦ (2-k) · Hd / Vd The boundary line separating the pixels in the pixel column and the vertical side of the opening are Vd as the vertical pitch of the pixel, Hd as the horizontal pitch, and k as the horizontal aperture ratio. The stereoscopic image display device according to claim 6, wherein an angle θ satisfying the following formula is satisfied.
(1-k) · Hd / Vd ≦ tan θ ≦ Hd / Vd A display element that has a plurality of pixels arranged two-dimensionally and displays a synthesized parallax image obtained by synthesizing a plurality of parallax images;
In a three-dimensional image display device having separation means for separating display light from a display element so as to present a plurality of parallax images included in the displayed synthesized parallax image at corresponding observation positions arranged in a horizontal direction ,
A stereoscopic image display device, wherein a boundary line separating pixels in a pixel row in a horizontal direction of the display element is not oriented in a vertical direction.   The stereoscopic image display apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the separating unit is a lenticular lens including a cylindrical lens having a generating line in a vertical direction.   The stereoscopic image display apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the separation unit is a parallax barrier including an opening portion having a side in a vertical direction and a light shielding portion.   The stereoscopic image display device according to claim 9, wherein a boundary line that partitions pixels in a pixel row in the horizontal direction of the display element is bent.   13. The stereoscopic image display apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a second separating unit that separates display light from the display element in the vertical direction.   The stereoscopic image display apparatus according to claim 13, wherein the second separation unit is a lens array including a plurality of cylindrical lenses. The second separation means is a lens array in which a plurality of cylindrical lenses are two-dimensionally arranged, and a generatrix of each cylindrical lens has a predetermined angle with respect to a horizontal direction. The stereoscopic image display device described.

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