JP2005282046A - External wall structure - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an external wall structure which is easy to erect, low in construction cost, and allows dew condensation water pooling in the external wall to be effectively drained downward from the external wall by way of a simple structure, without using a ventilation receiving member. <P>SOLUTION: The external wall structure 1 includes a woody structural member, and an external wall panel 2 arranged on the woody structural member, and has a draining member M arranged between the external wall panel 2 at a lower portion of the external wall and a sill 7. Further a draining space C is formed at a location below the draining member M. Thus, dew condensation water and leakage water K pooling in a wall body are very easily drained via the draining member M downward from the external wall. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to an outer wall structure effective for draining moisture, condensed water, filtered water, and the like inside the outer wall.

Conventionally, in the outer wall of a wooden house, usually a lath plate on a horizontal structural material such as a vertical structural material such as a pillar, a stud, and a trunk difference, eaves girder, trunk edge, foundation, etc. Paste a base panel such as a plywood panel, or omit the base panel, cover it with a waterproof and moisture permeable sheet, paste a base panel on it, and apply mortar finish on it, or directly attach an outer wall panel such as siding A method of pasting has been carried out. However, in recent years, with the progress of high airtightness and high thermal insulation in houses, inside the wall of the outer wall, there are vertical columns, inter-columns, horizontal differences between the trunks, eaves girder, trunk edges, foundations, etc. The flow of air inside the wall was hindered, and the occurrence of condensation inside the wall was a problem. Therefore, conventional vertical ventilation receivers made of timber are attached to the vertical columns, inter-columns, etc., and these make it possible to install conventional timber made of timber on horizontal members such as side differences, eaves girders, trunk edges, and foundations. A so-called ventilation construction method has been performed in which a lateral ventilation receiving material is attached and a ventilation path inside the wall body is secured to prevent condensation inside the wall body. However, although there was an effect in terms of anti-condensation effect, the conventional ventilation construction method made of the ventilation receiving material made of such wood lumber has a problem that the strength of the ventilation receiving material itself is weak and the strength as a wall body is lowered. There was a point. Therefore, a durable ventilation receiving material made of a wood laminate such as a structural plywood has been used (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
JP 2002-194829 A (page 3-7, FIG. 1-2)

  However, the conventional ventilation structure uses a ventilation receiving material made of a structural plywood, so that the strength of the wall as an outer wall structure is improved. Attach a material, install a horizontal ventilation receiving material on the horizontal material such as the trunk difference, eaves girder, trunk edge, foundation, etc. in the horizontal direction, and secure an air passage between the vertical and horizontal ventilation receiving materials As described above, there is a problem in that it has to be attached to a predetermined location, requires a skilled worker for the installer, takes time and cost, and increases the construction cost.

  In addition, in order to attach the vertical and horizontal ventilation receiving materials, it is necessary to nail the nails having a length of about 50 to 65 mm with a nail pitch of about 150 to 300 mm and to make the nails very finely. It was desired.

  By the way, conventionally, there are very few houses that can afford the above-mentioned ventilation construction method even at high costs. That is, many ordinary construction methods that have not been subjected to the ventilation construction method have been adopted. As described above, inside the outer wall of a house that does not have a conventional ventilation construction method, as described above, it has been built on land with poor environment against moisture and humidity from the surroundings due to the recent high airtightness and high thermal insulation of the house. In some houses, condensation or drainage sometimes accumulates inside the wall, and the condensation or drainage does not escape to the outside of the wall, causing decay inside the wall and affecting the long-term durability of the house. Was giving.

  The present invention is made in view of the above-described circumstances, and is easy to construct and inexpensive to construct. In addition, the dew condensation accumulated in the outer wall can be effectively reduced without using the air receiving material. It is an object to provide an outer wall structure that can drain water.

  The outer wall structure of the present invention according to claim 1 made to solve the above-mentioned problem is an outer wall structure configured to include a wooden structure material and an outer wall panel provided on the wooden structure material, and at least A drainage member for passing condensed water and filtered water is provided between the back surface of the outer wall panel located at the lower part of the outer wall and the base as a horizontal member, and a drainage space is formed below the drainage member. It is characterized by.

  According to the present invention having such a feature, the water draining member is provided between the outer wall panel and the horizontal member, specifically, the base at the lower part of the outer wall, and a water draining space is secured. Therefore, the dew condensation water or filtrate collected inside the wall body is discharged to the lower side of the outer wall very easily through the drainage member. Moreover, since the water draining member is only provided between the lower portion of the outer wall panel and the base, the construction is simple and the construction cost is extremely low. In addition to the base, the horizontal member includes a trunk difference, a trunk edge, and the like, and it is possible to attach a water draining member to these.

  The outer wall structure of the present invention according to claim 2 is the outer wall structure according to claim 1, wherein the water draining member is selected from one of Japanese paper, paperboard, non-woven fabric, and foamed synthetic resin sheet. It is characterized by making it the sheet | seat body comprised by these.

  According to the present invention having such characteristics, the drainage member is excellent in durability. The condensed water and filtrate collected inside the wall are efficiently absorbed, and the absorbed condensed water and filtered water are efficiently evaporated to the outside of the wall through the sheet body. Condensed water and filtered water inside the wall body are discharged to the outside very easily and effectively and stably over a long period of time.

  The outer wall structure of the present invention described in claim 3 is characterized in that in the outer wall structure described in claim 2, a moisture-permeable resin is applied to the sheet body.

  According to the present invention having such characteristics, water resistance is improved. Therefore, stable condensed water and drainage discharge effects are expected over a long period of time.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the outer wall structure according to the second or third aspect, wherein the sheet body is combined with a member having a net or a passage through which the condensed water or filtered water passes. It is a feature.

  According to the present invention having such a feature, a sufficient water draining space is ensured between the outer wall panel at the lower part of the outer wall and the base. Water absorption and desorption of Japanese paper, paperboard, non-woven fabric, foamed synthetic resin sheet and the like is more effectively performed. This is even more suitable for the function of draining the condensed water and filtrate water accumulated inside the outer wall.

  The outer wall structure of the present invention according to claim 5 is characterized in that, in the outer wall structure according to claim 1, the water draining member is configured as a single member having a net or a passage through which the condensed water or filtered water passes. Yes.

  According to the present invention having such characteristics, a water draining space can be formed very easily and accurately. The cost of the water draining member itself is reduced and the economic effect is increased.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the water draining member is provided between the outer wall panel at the lower part of the outer wall and the base, and a water draining space is secured below the water draining member. There is an effect that drainage can be discharged very easily to the lower part of the outer wall. Moreover, since only the drainage member is provided between the lower part of the outer wall panel and the base, the construction is simple and the construction cost is extremely low.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, the condensed water or filtrate collected in the wall body is composed of one to four kinds selected from Japanese paper, paperboard, non-woven fabric, and foamed synthetic resin sheet. Water is absorbed by the sheet made of the body, and the condensed water and filtrate absorbed are evaporated to the outside of the wall body through the drainage member, so that the condensed water and filtered water inside the wall body can be very easily and effectively. There is an effect that it can be discharged to the outside stably over a long period of time.

  According to the present invention described in claim 3, since the moisture permeable resin is applied to the sheet body, the water permeable performance of Japanese paper, paperboard, nonwoven fabric, foamed synthetic resin sheet, etc. is improved by the action of the moisture permeable resin, There is an effect that stable dew condensation water and drainage drainage can be expected over a long period of time.

  According to the present invention described in claim 4, since the water draining member is configured by combining the sheet body and the net or the like, there is sufficient water draining space between the lower part of the outer wall panel and the base. Can be secured. Therefore, there is an effect that the water absorption and desorption action of Japanese paper, paperboard, non-woven fabric, and foamed synthetic resin sheet can be more effectively performed. In addition, there is an effect that the function of draining the condensed water and filtrate collected inside the outer wall can be made more suitable.

  According to the present invention described in claim 5, since the drainage member is a single unit such as a net and the drainage space is formed between the outer wall panel and the base, the drainage member is accumulated in the wall body. The dew condensation water and drainage water can be discharged from the drainage space to the outside through the drainage member between the outer wall panel formed by a net or the like and the base. Moreover, since the water draining member is composed of a single unit such as a net, there is an effect that the water draining space can be formed very easily and accurately. Furthermore, there is an effect that the cost of the water draining member itself can be reduced and the economic effect can be enhanced.

Hereinafter, description will be given with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment of the outer wall structure of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a main part in the part A of FIG. FIG. 4 is a detailed view of the water draining member of the present invention, where (A) is a plan view and (B) is a side view.

  FIG. 1 shows an embodiment in which the outer wall structure of the present invention is applied to a structural frame in a wooden frame construction method. In this example, the example of the wooden frame construction method will be described, but the present invention is not limited to this. In other words, it can be applied to steel-based structures as well as wooden structures such as the framework wall method (two-by-four method) and the wooden prefabricated method.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the pillars 3 constituting the outer wall structure 1 of the present invention are provided in the vertical direction at a pitch of about one (about 1800 mm). Further, between the pillars 3, three spacer pillars 6 are provided in the vertical direction at intervals of about 1.5 inches (about 450 mm). On the other hand, as a horizontal member attached in the horizontal direction, a trunk difference 5, a trunk edge 6, and a lower base 7 are provided. The outer wall structure 1 by the wooden frame construction method is configured including the above wooden frame material. Its structure is supported by the bottom foundation 9.

  In this example, a foundation spacer S is provided between the foundation 9 and the base 7 in order to improve ventilation under the floor, ensure air permeability, and improve moisture-proof efficiency. Since the foundation spacer S can omit the cloth foundation notch processing, it has an advantage of further improving the workability. The basic spacer S is divided into a plurality of short materials, and is provided below the base 7 with an appropriate interval (about 100 to 900 mm). That is, a gap having a predetermined size is formed between the basic spacers S. The gap works to improve ventilation under the floor, ensure air permeability, and improve moisture-proof efficiency. As the material of the basic spacer S, a synthetic resin molded body such as a vinyl chloride resin or a polyethylene resin is preferably used.

  A heat insulating material (not shown) is mounted between the columns 3 and the inter-columns 4. The heat insulating material is attached by using an adhesive or a staple or a combination thereof. In this way, the waterproof and moisture permeable sheet 8 is provided on the outer wall structure 1 by the wooden frame formed by the vertical and horizontal wooden frame members. In addition, the outer wall panel 2 is attached via a waterproof and moisture permeable sheet 8.

  Between the lower base 7 and the outer wall panel 2, a water draining member M which is the gist of the present invention is provided. As shown in this example, the drainage member M is provided over the entire length in the longitudinal direction of the base 7 (or even if a short drainage member M is provided between the columns 3 and 4 at appropriate intervals. Good). As a location where the drainage member M is attached, it may be only between the base 7 and the outer wall panel 2, or may be two places between the trunk difference 5 and the base 7 and the outer wall panel 2. To do. Further, it may be three places between the trunk difference 5, the trunk edge 6, the base 7 and the outer wall panel 2.

  Examples of the wooden structure material that serves as a base include a straw material, a beech material, a cedar material, a cypress material, or a laminated material thereof. Of course, it may be other than these. In addition, as the waterproof and moisture permeable sheet 8, for example, a trade name “Tyvek” manufactured by DuPont, etc. is preferable. The waterproof and moisture permeable sheet 8 allows moisture to pass through but does not allow moisture to pass through. The waterproof and moisture permeable sheet 8 is adhered to a wooden frame material by a mechanical means such as a staple (not shown), and the outer wall panel 2 is nail on it. (Not shown).

  In FIG. 2, a draining sheet metal B is attached to the surface of the base 7 with nails, wood screws (not shown) or the like. A foundation spacer S is provided between the base 7 and the foundation 9. The function, material, size, etc. of the basic spacer S are as described above. If the base 7 is subjected to antiseptic, ant-proof and insect-proof treatment, it is suitable for durability performance. As the draining sheet metal B, a commercially available metal fitting is used. A draining member M is attached between the outer wall panel 2 and the base 7. A drain space C is formed at the lower end of the outer wall panel 2.

  In this example, as the outer wall panel 2, an example in which a wet outer wall material that has been finished with finishing mortar P is used is shown, but a dry siding material may be used in addition to this. As an example of the dry siding material, a ceramic siding material, a metal siding material, a wood siding material, or the like can be used.

  3, the drainage member M is provided between the draining sheet metal B and the outer wall panel 2 (or between the draining sheet metal B and the base 7, as shown in this example. May be). The water draining member M is attached to the front surface of the base 7 or the back surface of the outer wall panel 2 by mechanical means such as staples (not shown). In the case where the outer wall panel 2 is of ceramics or metal type and staples cannot be used, an adhesive means may be used. Considering the efficiency of transpiration of condensed water and filtered water K and the workability of the draining sheet metal B, the drainage member M is preferably provided between the outer wall panel 2 and the draining sheet metal B.

  In this example, the state in which condensed water and filtered water K are accumulated on the back surface of the outer wall panel 2 is illustrated. Condensed water and filtered water K are absorbed by the drainage member M, transpires from the lower end of the outer wall panel 2 through the drainage member M, from the drainage space C to the outside, and diffuses into the atmosphere. Water K can be discharged. In particular, on a clear day with relatively low humidity, condensation and filtrate K are actively evaporated to the outside, and the condensation and filtrate K inside the outer wall are removed.

  In FIG. 4, the drainage member M is made of, for example, thick Japanese paper, paperboard, non-woven fabric, foamed synthetic resin sheet, etc. In this example, an example in which the sheet body F and the net N are combined is shown. ing. The sheet body F is composed of a single body or a composite body composed of 1 to 4 types selected from Japanese paper, paperboard, non-woven fabric, and foamed synthetic resin sheet. The sheet body F may be used without resin processing. In consideration of long-term durability, the sheet body F may be provided with a moisture-permeable resin. Resin processing is preferable because it improves water resistance and lasts longer. The resin may be applied or impregnated, or a resin film may be laminated on both sides or one side of the sheet body F. Further, powders that absorb and release moisture such as diatomaceous earth and charcoal powder may be used in combination with a moisture-permeable resin, or may be used alone. As the moisture permeable resin, for example, an acetate resin or the like is preferable.

  When the sheet body F is subjected to antiseptic and ant-preventive treatment, resistance to corrosion caused by white ants and resistance to decay caused by rot fungi are remarkably improved, so that long-term durability performance is improved. As an example of an antiseptic | preservative and an ant preventive, the product name "Hakuchisan 20WE" by the Japan Bayer Acrochem Co., Ltd. can be mentioned as a suitable thing, for example. It is good to dilute about 20 times with water, and to apply or impregnate the sheet F by spraying.

  When the sheet body F is used alone without combining thick Japanese paper, paperboard, non-woven fabric, and foamed synthetic resin sheet, among them, a foamed synthetic resin sheet, non-woven fabric and the like are preferable in consideration of long-term durability performance.

  As the foamed synthetic resin sheet, for example, an open-celled polyethylene resin or urethane resin foam sheet having a foaming ratio of about 10 to 20 times is cost, availability, durability, dew condensation water, and transpiration performance of filtrate. It is mentioned as a suitable thing in consideration.

  As the non-woven fabric, natural cellulose fiber non-woven fabric and the like are preferably used in addition to the synthetic resin fiber non-woven fabric such as polyester resin. A dry process nonwoven fabric or a wet process nonwoven fabric can be used, but a long fiber system having a relatively long fiber length is suitable for strength and durability.

  The thickness of thick Japanese paper, paperboard, nonwoven fabric, foamed synthetic resin sheet, etc. is about 1 to 3 mm, and the width dimension is about 50 to 120 mm because the width dimension of the base 7 is about 100 to 120 mm. It is suitable in terms of construction. The length dimension may be approximately equal to the length of the base 7, or a plurality of lengths of about 300 to 450 mm may be used, with or without appropriate spacing.

  The drainage member M is made of thick Japanese paper, paperboard, non-woven fabric, foamed synthetic resin sheet with or without resin processing, and with or without diatomaceous earth or charcoal powder. The sheet body F composed of paperboard, non-woven fabric, and foamed synthetic resin sheet may be combined with both sides or one side of the sheet body F, and the sheet body F alone may be used without using the net N. Of course, it will be good. Further, the net body N alone may be used without using the sheet body F.

  Among these, the net N bonded to both sides or one side of the sheet F is more suitable for the evaporation efficiency of condensed water and filtrate K, the installation work of the drainage member M, and the long-term durability. It is. Furthermore, when the sheet body F is provided with a moisture-permeable resin, the water resistance performance is improved, and the sheet body F is suitable. Considering long-term durability performance, among others, foamable synthetic resin sheets, nonwoven fabrics, or composites thereof are more suitable as the sheet body F, but instead of foamable synthetic resin sheets and nonwoven fabrics, thick Japanese paper, paperboard, etc. Of course, a moisture-permeable resin may be applied. It is good to use as a sheet | seat body F what combined 1-4 types of materials selected from thick Japanese paper, a paperboard, a nonwoven fabric, and a foamable synthetic resin sheet individually or by bonding.

  As the net N, for example, a synthetic resin molded body such as hard or semi-rigid polyethylene resin, vinyl chloride resin, urethane resin, ABS resin, vinylon resin, etc., metal, such as aluminum, iron, zinc, stainless steel, or glass The net etc. are mentioned. Among these, in view of cost, availability, long-term durability, workability, etc., those made of polyethylene resin or vinyl chloride resin are suitable.

  The net N used for the water draining member M illustrated in FIG. 4 is formed in a mesh shape. The mesh may be formed in a rectangular mesh in the vertical and horizontal directions other than the rhombus mesh as exemplified in this example. The distance between the meshes is preferably about 3 mm to 30 mm in consideration of the dew condensation water and drainage transpiration efficiency, workability, long-term durability, etc. of the drainage member M. However, other than this, of course, it will be good. As shown in FIG. 4B, when viewed from the side, the net N may be formed on both sides of the sheet body F, or may be either one of the left and right sides. However, as shown in this example, when both sides are used on the back surface of the outer wall panel 2 or the back surface of the draining sheet metal B, the thickness is not crushed at the time of construction. It is more suitable for the discharge function.

  In addition, instead of the net N, a member having a passage such as a groove through which condensed water or filtered water K passes (or a member having rough pear texture or knurling) may be used. Further, it is also possible to use a member in which solid particles are scattered and a passage through which the condensed water or filtrate K passes. As the granular material, in addition to a hard synthetic resin, a granular material made of an inorganic material such as a stone material, a glass material, a metal piece, etc., and a granular material having a size of about 1 to 3 mm is used. A member attached to the paperboard or the like may be used.

  As described above with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4, the drainage member M is provided between the outer wall panel 2 and the base 7 at the lower part of the outer wall, and a drainage space C is secured below the drainage member M. Therefore, the dew condensation water or filtrate K accumulated in the wall body is discharged through the drainage member M to the lower side of the outer wall very easily. Therefore, decay of the base 7 etc. is prevented and water resistance improves compared with the past. Further, since the water draining member M is thin, the bonding strength between the outer wall panel 2 and the structural material such as the base 7 is maintained, which is suitable for strength durability. Moreover, since the drainage member M is only provided between the lower part of the outer wall panel 2 and the base 7, the construction is simple and the construction cost is extremely low.

  In addition, it goes without saying that the present invention can be variously modified without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

It is a front view which shows one Embodiment of the outer wall structure of this invention. It is the sectional view on the AA line in FIG. It is a principal part enlarged view in the A section of FIG. It is detail drawing of a draining member, (A) is a top view, (B) is a side view.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Outer wall structure 2 Outer wall panel 3 Column 4 Space column 5 Body difference 6 Trunk edge 7 Base 8 Waterproof moisture-permeable sheet 9 Basic M Drainage member C Drainage space F Sheet body N Net B Drainage sheet metal P Finishing mortar K Condensed water, drainage S basic spacer

Claims (5)

An outer wall structure comprising a wooden structure material and an outer wall panel provided on the wooden structure material,
A drainage member for passing condensed water and filtrate is provided between at least the back surface of the outer wall panel located at the lower part of the outer wall and the base as a horizontal member, and a drainage space is formed below the drainage member. An outer wall structure characterized by that. The outer wall structure according to claim 1,
An outer wall structure characterized in that the water draining member is a sheet composed of 1 to 4 kinds of simple substances or composites selected from Japanese paper, paperboard, non-woven fabric, and foamed synthetic resin sheet. The outer wall structure according to claim 2,
An outer wall structure characterized by applying a moisture-permeable resin to the sheet body. In the outer wall structure according to claim 2 or claim 3,
A member having a net or a passage through which the condensed water or filtered water is combined with the sheet body. The outer wall structure according to claim 1,
The outer wall structure, wherein the water draining member is configured as a single member having a net or a passage through which the condensed water or filtered water passes.

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