JP2002194880A - Outer wall construction structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an outer wall construction structure capable of securing air ventilation and attaining good workability. SOLUTION: This outer wall construction structure 1 has an outer wall plate 4 fixed to a structure skeleton 2 of a building through a bed material 3, and a ventilating spacer 5 interposed between the bed material 3 and the outer wall plate 4 to form a ventilating layer 11 between them. The ventilating spacer 5 has an air hole 51 communicated in the vertical direction.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an outer wall construction structure in which an outer wall plate is fixed to a structural body of a building.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, an outer wall plate 4 is fixed to a structural body 2 of a building composed of columns, body gaps, etc. via a base material 3 such as a body edge. There is an outer wall construction structure 9. In the outer wall construction structure 9, the fasteners 8 are arranged at the lower end 42 and the upper end 43 of the outer wall plate 4,
The fastening member 8 is fixed to the structural frame 2 with the screw 93 via the base material 3. Thus, the outer wall plate 4 is fixed to the structural body 2 via the base material 3. As shown in FIG. 7, the fastener 8 is formed by forming a substrate portion 81 in contact with the rear side surface 41 of the outer wall plate 4 ahead of the base contact portions 821 and 822 in contact with the base material 3. is there. Thereby, the ventilation layer 91 is secured between the base material 3 and the outer wall plate 4.

However, in the outer wall construction structure 9, there is a construction part in which the fastener 8 cannot be used. For example, for a base part of a building (see FIG. 8), generally, a base drainer 92 or a starter fitting having a flat plate-shaped base part 921 in contact with the base material 3 is used, but instead of these construction fittings, In the case of using the fastener 8, if the size of the base material 3 is short, the base contact portion 822 may be used.
Cannot contact the base material 3. Further, even if the base contact portion 822 can contact the base material 3, the draining function is not exhibited.

In general, the eaves (see FIG. 5)
Although a parting edge having a flat plate-shaped contact portion with the base material 3 is used, the uppermost outer wall plate used for the eaves portion is cut and used to adjust the size, so the above-mentioned fastening is performed. Hardware 8
Therefore, the fastening portion is lost, so that the fastening member 8 cannot be attached.

[0005] In addition, an outer wall plate 4 to be constructed above or below an opening for disposing a window or the like (see FIGS. 3 and 4) is also required.
The upper end 43 and the lower end 42 of the outer wall plate 4 to match the dimensions.
Used to cut. Therefore, the outer wall plate 4 used is a real part 43 provided at the upper end 43 or the lower end 42.
At 0, 420, there is no locking portion with the fastener 8. As a result, as shown in FIG.
The above-described fastener 8 in which the support portion 83 and the like are formed in conformity with the shapes of 30, 420 cannot be used. Furthermore,
Even when fixing the outer wall plate at the lower roof portion (see FIG. 6) or the overhang portion, the above-described fastener 8 cannot be used for the same reason.

[0006] Conventionally, a packing material is used in a construction part where the fastener 8 cannot be used. For example, as shown in FIG. 8, a packing material 95 is interposed between the base material 3 and the outer wall plate 4 on the base of the building. As a result, a predetermined distance is secured between them, and the ventilation layer 91 is secured.

That is, a distance equivalent to the distance formed between the base material 3 and the outer wall plate 4 is reduced by the fasteners 8 arranged on other portions of the outer wall plate 4. 3 and the outer wall plate 4. This gives
The outer wall plate 4 can be fixed in parallel with the structural frame 2 and the base material 3. Similarly, packing materials are used for construction parts such as the eaves, the lower roof, and the overhang.

[0008]

However, a thin plate (wooden, plastic, etc.) of an appropriate thickness is usually used as the packing material, but in many cases, it is prepared in advance as a dedicated material. Not something. Therefore,
When the packing material 95 is used, there is a possibility that the ventilation may be blocked at that portion. This is the packing material 9
5, near the outer wall plate 4, the base material 3, and the structural frame 2
Etc. may cause corrosion and deterioration. In order to ensure air permeability, it is sufficient to arrange a number of relatively short packing materials at a certain distance, but in this case, there is a problem that the workability of the outer wall construction structure 9 is reduced.

The present invention has been made in view of such a conventional problem, and an object thereof is to provide an outer wall construction structure which ensures air permeability and is excellent in workability.

[0010]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an outer wall plate which is fixed directly to a structural body of a building or via a base material, and wherein the structural body or the base material and the outer wall plate are fixed to each other. And a ventilation spacer forming a ventilation layer, and the ventilation spacer has a ventilation hole communicating vertically. It has a characteristic outer wall construction structure.

What is most notable in the present invention is that the ventilation spacer has a ventilation hole communicating vertically. The above-mentioned predetermined distance refers to a distance substantially equal to the distance formed between the structural body or the base material and the outer wall plate by a fastener or the like disposed on another portion of the outer wall plate.

Next, the operation and effect of the present invention will be described.
The ventilation spacer in the outer wall construction structure has the ventilation hole. For this reason, by passing air through the ventilation holes, it is possible to ensure air permeability between the outer wall plate and the base material even at the portion where the ventilation spacers are provided. That is, the ventilation spacer does not reduce the ventilation at the portion where the ventilation spacer is provided. In addition, the dew water adhering to the back side surface of the outer wall plate can be quickly discharged through the vent.

[0013] Thus, even if the ventilation spacer is long, there is no danger of blocking the ventilation. Therefore, by using the long ventilation spacers, the number of steps for constructing the outer wall construction structure can be reduced, and the workability is improved.

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide an outer wall construction structure which ensures air permeability and is excellent in workability.

Next, as in the second aspect of the present invention, it is preferable that the ventilation spacer is fixed to the structural body by nailing or screwing directly or via the base material. For example, the ventilation spacer may be nailed to the structural skeleton together with the outer wall plate, or may be nailed to the structural skeleton together with a fitting such as a base drainer. Further, the ventilation spacer may be nailed or screwed to the structural body alone. This makes it possible to obtain an outer wall construction structure having high strength and easy construction. Further, the ventilation spacer may be fixed to the structural body or the base material by an adhesive tape or the like.

Next, as in the third aspect of the present invention, a fastener is used to fasten the outer wall plate to the structural body, and the ventilation spacer is connected to the structural body or the structural body. It may be nailed or screwed together with a construction member having no spacer function to be constructed between the base material and the outer wall plate. Examples of the construction member having no spacer function include a base drainer, a starter fitting, and a parting edge. The spacer function is a function for securing a predetermined distance between the structural body or the base material and the outer wall plate. Also in this case, it is possible to obtain an outer wall construction structure having excellent workability while ensuring air permeability.

That is, when the above-mentioned fastener is used, an interval of a predetermined distance is generated between the structural frame or the base material and the outer wall plate in a portion where the fastener is arranged. It is necessary to ensure a distance substantially equal to the predetermined distance in a portion other than the portion where the fastener is arranged. Therefore, as described above, by fixing the ventilation spacer together with the construction member having no spacer function, it is possible to secure a predetermined distance between the structural frame or base material and the outer wall plate.

The above-mentioned base drainer is for disposing rainwater or the like, which is disposed on the base of a building and falls along the outer wall plate, along its own surface and is discharged to the surface side of the outer wall plate. (See FIG. 1). In addition, the starter metal fitting is a metal fitting that supports the lower end portion of the lowermost outer wall plate of the outer wall plates that are vertically joined to form the outer wall construction structure and is fixed to the structural frame. The term “parting edge” refers to a metal fitting that accommodates the end of the outer wall plate to enhance the appearance (see FIG. 5).

Next, as in the fourth aspect of the present invention, the ventilation spacer includes two flat plates parallel to each other.
It is preferable that the plurality of rib plates are connected to each other, and the ventilation holes are formed between the adjacent rib plates. Thus, it is possible to easily and surely ensure the ventilation, and to provide an outer wall construction structure excellent in workability. Further, the ventilation spacer can sufficiently secure strength against nailing or the like.

Next, as in the invention according to claim 5, the rib plate in the ventilation spacer may have a thicker portion at a connection portion with the flat plate than other portions. preferable. Thereby, the ventilation spacer is
Strength against nailing and the like is further improved.

It is preferable that the ventilation spacer is made of polyethylene or polypropylene. In this case, the ventilation spacer has excellent water resistance,
Even if a fire occurs, there is an advantage that it does not emit smoke just by melting.

[0022]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS First Embodiment An outer wall construction structure according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The outer wall construction structure 1 of this example is
As shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the structural frame 2 of the building
An outer wall plate 4 fixed to the base material 3 with a base material 3 interposed between the base material 3 and the outer wall plate 4 to secure a predetermined distance therebetween and to form a ventilation layer 11 for ventilation. And a spacer 5. As shown in FIG. 2, the ventilation spacer 5 has a ventilation hole 51 communicating vertically.

The ventilation spacer 1 is provided with a base material 3
A predetermined distance is secured between the outer wall plate 4 and the outer wall plate 4. That is, the above-described fasteners arranged on the other portion of the outer wall plate 4 (the upper end portion of the outer wall plate in this example) substantially equal the distance formed between the base material 3 and the outer wall plate 4. The distance is also formed at the portion where the ventilation spacer 1 is arranged (the lower end of the outer wall plate in this example). Thus, the outer wall plate 4 can be fixed substantially parallel to the structural frame 2 and the base material 3.

The base material 3 is a vertical body edge fixed to the structural frame 2 via a waterproof paper 21. A base drainer 12 is provided between the ventilation spacer 5 and the outer wall plate 4. As shown in FIG. 1, the ventilation spacer 5 is provided together with the base drainer 12 together with the structural frame 2.
Then, a nail 13 is hit and fixed via the base material 3.

The base drainer 12 also has a function as a starter fitting. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the base drainer 12 includes a substrate portion 121 fixed to the base material 3,
At the lower part, a draining part 122 protruding forward and a support part 123 projecting forward from the substrate part 121 above the draining part 122 are provided. The bearing 123 is
The lower end portion 42 of the lowermost outer wall plate 4 is supported and fastened to the base material 3. However, the base drainer 12 does not have a spacer function for securing a predetermined distance between the base material 3 and the outer wall plate 4.

The ventilation spacer 5 is shown in FIG.
As shown in (B), two parallel flat plates 52,
It is composed of a plurality of rib plates 53 connecting the two flat plates 52, and the ventilation holes 51 are formed between the adjacent rib plates 53. The ventilation spacer 5 is provided with the flat plate 52.
One of the outer wall plates 4 is in contact with the base material 3 and the other is
And is disposed in contact with the rear side surface 41 of the second member.

As shown in FIG. 2B, the rib plate 53 of the ventilation spacer 5 has a thick portion 531 thicker than other portions at a connection portion with the flat plate 52. The ventilation spacer 5 is made of polyethylene.

Next, the operation and effect of this embodiment will be described. The ventilation spacer 5 in the outer wall construction structure 1 has the ventilation hole 51 as shown in FIG. Therefore, when the air 6 passes through the ventilation hole 5, the ventilation between the outer wall plate 4 and the base material 3 can be ensured even at the portion where the ventilation spacer 5 is provided. That is,
The ventilation spacer 5 does not lower the ventilation at the portion where the ventilation spacer 5 is provided.

In addition, this allows the ventilation spacer 5
Even if is long, there is no risk of blocking ventilation. That is, even if the ventilation spacer 5 is formed to be long in the horizontal direction, the air 6 can pass through the ventilation hole 51 because the ventilation holes 51 are formed in a large number in the vertical direction. Therefore, there is no possibility that the ventilation is blocked at the portion where the ventilation spacer 5 is provided. Therefore, by using the long ventilation spacer 5, the number of steps for constructing the outer wall construction structure 1 can be reduced, and the workability is improved.

Further, the dew water adhering to the rear side surface 41 of the outer wall plate 4 can be quickly discharged through the ventilation hole 51. Further, since the ventilation spacer 5 is fixed to the structural body 2 by nailing via the base material 3, the outer wall construction structure 1 having high strength and easy construction can be obtained.

As shown in FIG. 2, the ventilation spacer 5 is composed of two flat plates 52 and a plurality of rib plates 53, and the ventilation holes 51 are formed between the adjacent rib plates 53. ing. Therefore, it is possible to provide the outer wall construction structure 1 that easily and surely secures air permeability and has excellent workability. Further, the ventilation spacer 5 can sufficiently secure strength against nailing or the like. Further, as shown in FIG. 2B, the rib plate 53 has a thick portion 531 at a connection portion with the flat plate 52.
Thereby, the strength of the ventilation spacer 5 against nailing or the like is further improved.

Further, since the ventilation spacer 5 is made of polyethylene, it has excellent water resistance, and even if a fire occurs, there is an advantage that it is merely melted and does not emit smoke.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to provide an outer wall construction structure that ensures air permeability and is excellent in workability.

Embodiment 2 In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS.
Is an example of the outer wall construction structure 1a disposed above and below the opening 15 of the building. That is, the opening 1 for disposing the window
FIGS. 3A and 3B show a state in which the ventilation spacer 5 is disposed above the upper surface 5. In addition, the opening 1
FIGS. 4A and 4B show a state in which the ventilation spacer 5 is provided below the lower surface 5.

As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG.
Sashes 151 and 152 are disposed on the upper side and the lower side, respectively. As shown in FIGS. 3 (A) and 3 (B), above the upper sash 151, a horizontal body edge as the base material 3 and an outer wall plate 4 are arranged. Also, FIG.
As shown in (A) and (B), the base material 3 and the outer wall plate 4 are similarly arranged below the lower sash 152.
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the ventilation spacer 5 is provided between the base material 3 and the outer wall plate 4.
The outer wall plate 4 and the ventilation spacer 5 are both fixed to the structural frame 2 by nails 13 via the base material 3.

A backup material 153 is disposed between the sashes 151 and 152 and the outer wall plate 4 on the base material 3 side, and a caulking material 154 is cast thereon.
A waterproof tape 155 is attached between the sashes 151 and 152 and the structural frame 2 to prevent rainwater from entering. Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.

Outer wall plate 2 disposed above and below opening 15
Since it is necessary to adjust the vertical dimension of the outer wall plate 4, the lower end 42 and the upper end 43 (see FIG. 7) of the outer wall plate 4 may be cut and used. In such a case, it is difficult to fasten the outer wall plate 4 to the structural skeleton 2 with a fastening member. Therefore, it is necessary to fix the outer wall plate 3 to the structural frame 2 with the nail 13 via the base material 3 with a spacer interposed between the outer wall plate 4 and the base material 3. Therefore, by using the ventilation spacer 5, it is possible to secure the ventilation between the outer wall plate 4 and the base material 3.
In addition, the third embodiment has the same functions and effects as the first embodiment.

Embodiment 3 In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, in the eaves of a building,
This is an example of an outer wall construction structure 1b in which a ventilation spacer 5 is disposed between the outer wall plate 4 and the base material 3. The ventilation spacer 5
A parting edge 14 is arranged between the outer wall plate 4 and the outer wall plate 4. The parting edge 14 accommodates the upper end portion 431 of the outer wall plate 4 and covers the opening, enhances the appearance of construction, and ensures waterproofness. The upper end 431 of the outer wall plate 4 is used for adjusting the length.
3 (see FIG. 7). Therefore, no real part is formed at the upper end 431 of the outer wall plate 4 in the eaves top part. Conventionally, since there is no real part,
Although the packing material is provided between the outer wall plate 4 and the base material 3, the ventilation spacer 5 is provided in this embodiment instead.

The outer wall plate 4, the parting edge 14, and the ventilation spacer 5 are fixed to the structural frame 2 with the nails 13 via the base material 3. The parting edge 14 is in contact with the eave heaven material 23. Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.

In this case as well, while ensuring air permeability,
An outer wall construction structure with excellent workability can be obtained. In addition, the third embodiment has the same functions and effects as the first embodiment.

Embodiment 4 As shown in FIG. 6, this embodiment is an example of an outer wall construction structure 1c in which ventilation spacers 5 are arranged on the lower roof of a building.
That is, in a two-story house, the ventilation spacer 5 is provided at the lower end of the outer wall of the second floor which is disposed immediately above the roof 22 of the first floor. In the structural frame 2 on the lower roof,
A horizontal body edge is provided as a base material 3, and an outer wall plate 4 is fixed to the structural frame 2 via the base material 3. The ventilation spacer 5 is interposed between the base material 3 and the outer wall plate 4.

A waterproof paper 21, an upper rain gutter 24 and a lower rain gutter 25 are interposed between the base material 3 and the structural frame 2. The outer wall plate 4 and the ventilation spacer 5 are fixed to the structural frame 2 via the base material 3 by nails 13. Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.

Also in this case, similarly to the first embodiment, it is possible to provide an outer wall construction structure which ensures air permeability and is excellent in workability. In addition, the third embodiment has the same functions and effects as the first embodiment.

The outer wall construction structure of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and it is difficult to use fastening hardware such as an overhang portion of a building or an entrance corner in the case of vertical metal fitting construction. However, it can be applied to various parts. Further, in each of the above embodiments, the example of the ventilation spacer which is long in the horizontal direction is shown. However, in the case of mounting vertical fittings, the ventilation spacer which is vertically long can be used. The ventilation holes of the ventilation spacer may be formed in a plurality of rows, or may be formed in a honeycomb shape, a cylindrical shape, or the like. In addition, the above-mentioned structural frame is, for example, wooden,
It may be a steel frame or the like, or may be another material.

[0045]

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide an outer wall construction structure which ensures air permeability and is excellent in workability.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1A is a perspective view and FIG. 1B is a longitudinal sectional view of an outer wall construction structure of a base portion according to a first embodiment.

FIG. 2A is a perspective view and FIG. 2B is a top view of a ventilation spacer according to the first embodiment.

FIGS. 3A and 3B are a perspective view and a longitudinal sectional view, respectively, of an outer wall construction structure above an opening in a second embodiment.

FIG. 4A is a perspective view and FIG. 4B is a longitudinal sectional view of an outer wall construction structure below an opening in a second embodiment.

FIG. 5A is a perspective view and FIG. 5B is a longitudinal sectional view of an outer wall construction structure of an eave sky portion in a third embodiment.

6A is a perspective view and FIG. 6B is a longitudinal sectional view of an outer wall construction structure of a lower roof according to a fourth embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of an external wall construction structure in a conventional example.

8 (A) is a perspective view and FIG. 8 (B) is a longitudinal sectional view of an outer wall construction structure of a base portion in a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1, 1a to 1c. . . 10. Exterior wall construction structure, . . Ventilation layer, 12. . . 1. Mounting drainage, . . 2. structural frame, . . Base material, 4. . . Outer wall plate, 5. . . Ventilation spacer, 51. . . 5. vents, . . air,

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F term (reference) 2E001 DB02 FA04 FA09 FA21 GA87 HD08 KA01 KA08 LA12 NA07 ND11 2E110 AA09 AB04 AB22 BA12 DA08 DC02

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. An outer wall plate fixed to a structural body of a building directly or via a base material, and a predetermined distance between the structural body or the base material and the outer wall plate interposed therebetween. And a ventilation spacer forming a ventilation layer, wherein the ventilation spacer has a ventilation hole communicating vertically. 2. The external wall construction structure according to claim 1, wherein the ventilation spacer is fixed to the structural body by nailing or screwing directly or via the base material. 3. The structure according to claim 1, wherein a fastening member is used to fasten the outer wall plate to the structural body, and the ventilation spacer is provided between the structural body or the base material and the base material. An outer wall construction structure characterized by being nailed or screwed together with a construction member having no spacer function to be constructed between the outer wall plate and the construction member. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein:
The ventilation spacer includes two parallel flat plates and a plurality of rib plates connecting the two flat plates, wherein the ventilation holes are formed between adjacent rib plates. Exterior wall construction structure. 5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the rib plate in the ventilation spacer has a connecting portion with the flat plate.
An outer wall construction structure having a thicker part than other parts.