JP2005279569A - Charring apparatus and method for processing exhaust gas thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a charring apparatus the exhaust gas of which can be cleaned not by burning but by a simple method without time and effort. <P>SOLUTION: The charring apparatus 100 is equipped with an exhaust gas cleaning apparatus 60 comprising a water tank 61 that holds water therein and communicates with a charring chamber 14, and an ozone-generating apparatus 80 serving as a means for introducing an oxidizing agent into the water tank 61. A large amount of the exhaust gas generating in charring combustible organic materials in the charring chamber 14 is introduced into the water tank 61 communicating with the charring chamber 14. Steam in the introduced gas is cooled and condensed by the water in the water tank 61 and mixed with the water in the water tank 61. On the other hand, a combustible gas, and the like, in the introduced gas are cooled and condensed to a liquid by water in the tank 61. The liquid is oxidized by ozone generating from the ozone-generating apparatus 80 to become bubbles. The bubbles flow back to a condensing tank 40 through a waste liquid recovery conduit 75 upon opening a solenoid valve for liquid recovery 76 and are thus collected in the condensing tank 40. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a carbonization apparatus, and particularly relates to a purification treatment technique of exhaust gas discharged as a gas by carbonization.

  Conventionally, various methods such as incineration, landfilling, recycling, and solid fuel processing have been performed as waste treatment methods, and in the treatment of garbage, composting techniques have been actively promoted. However, the demand for compost is unexpectedly low, and new “carbonization” technology has begun to attract attention. “Carbonization” aims to recycle garbage by carbonizing combustible organic substances such as garbage to “charcoal”, and the charcoal produced by carbonization is more demanding than compost ( Adsorbent, fuel, toner, etc.).

  In the carbonization treatment, a combustible organic waste such as garbage is carbonized by burning it into a steamed state without burning, and a large amount of gas is generated by this carbonization. Most of the generated gas is water vapor, but combustible gas is also included, and it is necessary to take measures to make the exhaust gas containing this combustible gas harmless.

Patent Documents 1 and 2 describe a carbonization treatment apparatus that purifies a combustion chamber by completely burning unburned gas in the combustion chamber in order to burn and purify exhaust gas generated by carbonization. Has been.
JP 2001-192665 A (paragraph number, FIG. 1) Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-293257 (paragraph number, FIG. 1)

  However, in the method of purifying combustible gas by combustion as described in Patent Documents 1 and 2, there is a concern that dioxin is generated by combustion. When the combustion temperature is very high, the generation of dioxins is reduced, but the term combustion or incineration causes consumers to imagine the generation of dioxins, and there is a problem that sales power is lacking.

  Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a carbonization apparatus that can purify exhaust gas by a simple method that does not depend on combustion and does not require time and effort. It is a technical issue.

The invention of claim 1 made to solve the above technical problem is:
In a carbonization apparatus comprising a carbonization chamber in which a combustible organic material is accommodated, and a heating unit for heating the combustible organic material in the carbonization chamber, and carbonizing the combustible organic material by heating the combustible organic material with the heating unit.
A condensing tank communicating with the carbonization chamber and condensing and liquefying the gas introduced from the carbonization chamber;
An exhaust gas purifying apparatus having a water tank in which water is stored and an oxidant introduction device for introducing an oxidant into the water tank, and being in communication with the condensing tank;
A drainage collecting passage having one end communicating with the water tank and the other end communicating with the condensing tank;
A drainage recovery on-off valve interposed in the middle of the drainage recovery passage,
The drainage recovery passage communicates with the water tank at a height position of the draft surface of the water tank.

  According to the invention of claim 1, when the combustible organic substance in the carbonization chamber is heated by the heating means, a large amount of exhaust gas is generated along with the carbonization of the combustible organic substance in the carbonization chamber. This gas is introduced into a condensing tank communicating with the carbonization chamber. In the condensing tank, the exhaust gas introduced from the carbonization chamber is partially condensed and liquefied. The exhaust gas not liquefied in the condensing tank and the gas vaporized again in the condensing tank are introduced into a water tank communicating with the condensing tank. The gas introduced into the water tank is cooled and condensed by the water stored in the water tank. Here, among the gases introduced into the water tank, the water vapor gas becomes water and is mixed with the water in the water tank. However, exhaust gases other than water vapor (flammable gas, etc.) are generally hydrophobic, Do not mix with water. In this case, in the present invention, since the oxidant is introduced into the water tank by the oxidant generating means, the liquid is oxidized by the action of the oxidant to be in a bubble state. The exhaust gas can be purified by collecting, removing and disposing of the air bubbles in the upper part of the water tank.

  Thus, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the exhaust gas can be purified by a simple method without combustion and without the trouble of removing the liquid oxide in the bubble state from the water circulation tank.

The reason why the liquid becomes a foam by the action of the oxidizing agent is considered as follows. In other words, the oxidizing agent acts on the oil and fat component in the condensed liquid to make it hydrophilic, forming an emulsion, and O ₂ , CO _2, etc. are generated as fine bubbles by the oxidizing action, and become a foam. Conceivable.

  As the oxidizing agent, ozone, hydrogen peroxide, or the like can be used. Particularly, ozone can be used effectively in the present invention because a generator can be obtained easily and inexpensively.

  Further, when it is determined that the carbonization treatment apparatus is finished, the heating in the carbonization chamber is stopped, but because the temperature of the carbonization chamber is reduced by the heating stop, the condensing tank becomes a negative pressure with respect to the water tank, A flow that tries to flow backward from the water tank side to the condensing tank side is generated. In this case, according to the configuration of the present invention, the drainage recovery passage having one end communicated with the water tank at the height of the draft surface of the water tank and the other end communicated with the condensation tank, and the drainage recovery path Since a drainage recovery opening / closing valve provided in the middle of the passage is provided, by opening the drainage recovery opening / closing valve, the gas in the water tank passes through the drainage recovery passage and is condensed into the condensation tank. It flows backward. Here, one end of the drainage recovery passage communicates with the water tank at the height of the draft surface of the water tank as described above, so that the drainage recovery path floats on the draft surface together with the gas at the top of the water tank. Can be sucked together and allowed to flow back into the condensing tank. By this action, it is possible to trap all the condensate in the condensing tank, and it is possible to omit the work for removing the condensate from the water tank.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a carbonization apparatus in an embodiment of the present invention. As can be seen from FIG. 1, the carbonization treatment apparatus 100 includes a carbonization tank 10, a carbonization chamber heater 20 as a heating unit, a condensation tank 40, and an exhaust gas purification device 60.

  The outer shell of the carbonization tank 10 is formed of a refractory material containing ceramic fibers. Moreover, as shown in the figure, the carbonization tank 10 has a partition wall 13 erected therein. The partition wall 13 divides the carbonization tank 10 into a carbonization chamber 14 and a backflow chamber 15. Although the carbonization chamber 14 and the backflow reservoir 15 need to communicate with each other, it is not always necessary that the carbonization chamber 14 and the backflow storage chamber 15 are separated by the partition wall 13 and formed in one carbonization tank. Even if it is formed, it is only necessary that both chambers communicate with each other.

  In addition, the carbonization tank 10 has a combustible organic substance inlet (not shown) and an entrance / exit part such as an electric wiring so that a sealed state in the tank can be maintained except for the exhaust port 10b formed in the side wall 10a. Sealing is performed with a sealing material (for example, rubber packing, sealing tape, etc.).

  Inside the carbonization chamber 14, a tray 11 having an open top is installed. A carbonization chamber heater 20 is disposed inside the tray 11. In this example, the carbonization chamber heater 20 is composed of a ceramic heater. The carbonization chamber heater 20 may be configured separately from the tray 11 as long as it is configured to heat the tray 11, and is integrally configured inside the tray 11 as in this example. Also good. The combustible organic substance A such as raw garbage is put into the tray 11.

  A carbonization chamber temperature sensor 12 is attached to the side wall 10 c of the carbonization tank 10. The carbonization chamber temperature sensor 12 has a temperature detection portion protruding from the side wall 10 c to the carbonization chamber 14 and the inner wall of the tray 11 so that the inner wall temperature in the tray 11 can be detected.

  As described above, the exhaust port 10 b is formed in the side wall 10 a of the carbonization tank 10. A discharge passage 30 communicates with the exhaust port 10b. One end opening 31 of the discharge passage 30 opens into the backflow chamber 15 of the carbonization tank 10, and the other end opening 32 opens into the condensing tank 40 described later.

  The condensation tank 40 is a tank for condensing the gas (mainly water vapor) discharged from the carbonization chamber 14 in the internal space, the internal space of which is communicated with the inside of the carbonization chamber 14 by the discharge passage 30. The condensing tank 40 has a suction port 40b formed on its side wall 40a and a discharge port 40d formed on the side wall 40c. A discharge passage 30 is connected to the suction port 40b, and a communication passage 50 is connected to the discharge port 40d. Since the condensing tank 40 also needs to maintain hermeticity like the carbonization chamber 14, the condensing tank 40 is sealed so as to maintain a hermetic state except for the suction port 40b and the discharge port 40d.

  The other end opening 32 of the discharge passage 30 is opened downward in the condensing tank 40 as shown in FIG. On the other hand, one end opening 51 of the communication passage 50 is opened upward in the condensing tank 40 as shown in FIG. Further, the opening height of the other end opening 32 of the discharge passage 30 is adjusted so as to be higher than or equivalent to the one end opening 31 opened in the carbonization chamber 14.

  Further, a mesh-like wire mesh 41 is disposed in the condensing tank 40 in the horizontal direction, and the condensing tank 40 is partitioned into an upper space 42 and a lower space 43 by the wire mesh 41. As shown in the figure, the other end opening 32 of the discharge passage 30 communicates with the lower space 43, and the one end opening 51 of the communication passage 50 communicates with the upper space 42.

  Further, as shown in the figure, a condensing tank heater 44 is attached to the lower part of the condensing tank 40. The condensing tank heater 44 is used when the liquid accumulated in the condensing tank 40 is to be evaporated. Further, the condensing tank 40 is provided with a condensing tank temperature sensor 45 for measuring the temperature of the upper space 42.

  The exhaust gas purification device 60 includes a water tank 61 and an ozone generator 80 as an oxidant generator.

  The water tank 61 includes a main body 62, a circulation passage 63, a circulation pump 64, a radiator 65 as a cooling means, and a cooling fan device 66.

  The main body 62 is a hollow cylindrical body, in which water is stored. The water level of the stored water is detected by a water level sensor 62 a attached at a predetermined height position of the main body 62. An ultraviolet lamp 67 is installed inside the main body 62. The ultraviolet lamp 67 activates ozone introduced from the ozone generator 80 and is an ultraviolet lamp in this example, but is not limited to this, and activates an oxidizing agent such as ozone. For example, an ultrasonic element or the like may be used.

  A turbulent airfoil 68 is installed in the main body 62. The turbulent blade 68 is for colliding the water and suspended matter circulated in the main body 62 and agitating it, and is preferably shaped so that agitation occurs appropriately. A simple flat plate may be used depending on the momentum and installation location.

  As shown in the figure, the upper portion of the main body 62 has a truncated cone shape in which the internal space is narrowed toward the top.

  A drain pipe 70 communicates with the lower portion of the main body 62. As shown in the figure, the drain pipe 70 is branched at the tip, one end 71 is opened to the outside, and the other end 72 is opened upward in the upper space of the main body 62. The drain pipe 70 is in communication with a makeup water passage 73. In the middle of the make-up water passage 73, a water amount adjusting electromagnetic valve 74 as a circulating water amount adjusting means is interposed, and the water amount adjusting electromagnetic valve 74 is opened and closed according to detection information from the water level sensor 62a. The amount of water in the water tank 61 is adjusted.

  As shown in the figure, the circulation passage 63 is configured such that one end 63 a is connected to a substantially middle portion of the main body 62 and the other end 63 b is connected to the lower portion of the main body 62. A circulation pump 64 and a radiator 65 are interposed in the circulation passage 63.

  The circulation pump 64 has a suction port 64a and a discharge port 64b, and pumps water sucked from the suction port 64a to the discharge port 64b. Therefore, in this example, by driving the circulation pump 64, the water in the circulation passage 63 flows in the direction of the arrow B shown in the figure.

  A cooling fan device 66 is disposed opposite to the radiator 65. When the cooling fan device 66 is driven, the air is passed through the radiator 65, and water flowing through the radiator 65 is cooled.

  Further, the ozone generator 80 communicates with the circulation passage 63. The ozone generator 80 includes an ozone generator 81 that generates ozone, and an ozone introduction passage 82 that communicates with the ozone generator 81, and the ozone introduction passage 82 communicates with the circulation passage 63. Is introduced into the circulation passage 63. The portion C where the ozone introduction passage 82 communicates with the circulation passage 63 is preferably downstream of the circulation pump 64 as shown in the figure. By arranging in this way, the generated ozone can be effectively circulated and stirred in the water tank 61.

  In addition, the communication path 50 communicates with the circulation path 63. The portion D where the communication passage 50 communicates with the circulation passage 63 is preferably disposed downstream of the portion C where the ozone introduction passage 82 communicates with the circulation passage 63 as shown in the figure. By arranging in this way, ozone can effectively act on the gas discharged from the communication passage 50 to the circulation passage 63.

  One end 75 a of the drainage recovery passage 75 is communicated with the main body 62 of the water tank 61. As shown in the figure, one end 75a of the drainage recovery passage 75 is located at the same height as the draft surface of the water stored in the main body 62, that is, at the same height as the water level sensor 62a. It communicates with the part 62. On the other hand, the other end 75 b of the drainage recovery passage 75 is communicated with the upper space of the condensing tank 40. In the middle of the drainage recovery passage 75, a drainage recovery solenoid valve 76 is interposed.

  The carbonization chamber temperature sensor 12, the carbonization chamber heater 20, the condensing tank temperature sensor 45, the condensing tank heater 44, the cooling fan device 66, the circulation pump 64, the ozone generator 81, the drainage recovery electromagnetic valve 76, and the ultraviolet lamp 67, the water level sensor 62a and the water amount adjusting electromagnetic valve 74 are electrically connected to the controller 90, respectively. The controller 90 is connected to a power source E and gives control commands to various devices.

  The operation of the carbonizing apparatus 100 having the above configuration will be described below.

  First, combustible organic substances such as garbage and food residues are put into the tray 11 in the carbonization chamber 14. Next, the operation switch (not shown) of the controller 90 is pressed to activate the carbonization apparatus 100. Then, the controller 90 first determines whether or not the water stored in the main body 62 of the exhaust gas purification device 60 has reached a predetermined water level based on detection information from the water level sensor 62a. When it is determined that the predetermined water level has not been reached, that is, when the water level sensor 62a has not detected water, the water amount adjusting electromagnetic valve 74 is opened. Then, water flows from the makeup water passage 73 to the drain pipe 70, and water is replenished into the main body 62 from the drain pipe 70. When it is determined that the predetermined water level has been reached, the cooling fan device 66, the circulation pump 64, the ultraviolet lamp 67, the ozone generator 81, and the carbonization chamber heater 20 are operated. The carbonization chamber 14 is heated by the operation of the carbonization chamber heater 20 to start carbonization of the combustible organic material charged in the tray 11, and the exhaust gas purification device 60 is activated to circulate the water in the main body 62. It circulates in the passage 63. In addition, the heating temperature in the carbonization chamber 14 by the carbonization chamber heater 20 is controlled based on the temperature detected by the carbonization chamber temperature sensor 12 so as to be about 400 ° C.

  The combustible organic matter in the tray 11 in the carbonization chamber 14 generates a gas mainly composed of moisture as it is heated. The generated gas is discharged from the carbonization chamber 14 through the exhaust passage 10 b through the discharge passage 30 and further introduced into the condensing tank 40. In the condensing tank 40, the gas introduced from the discharge passage 30 is condensed and becomes a liquid. In this case, since the metal mesh 41 is disposed in the condensing tank 40, the gas introduced into the condensing tank 40 from the discharge passage 30 collides with the metal mesh 41 and is deprived of heat, thereby condensing effectively. It is condensed in the tank 40.

  During the initial operation or the initial operation of the carbonization apparatus 100, the liquid condensed in the condensing tank 40 accumulates in the lower part of the condensing tank 40. As shown in the figure, the other end opening 32 of the discharge passage 30 is open downward toward the lower side of the condensing tank 40. Therefore, when the amount of liquid accumulated in the lower portion of the condensing tank 40 increases, The other end opening 32 of the 30 is closed with condensed water. For this reason, the gas discharged | emitted from the discharge channel | path 30 will bubble the condensed water collected in the lower part of the condensation tank 40. FIG. Here, since most of the gas discharged from the discharge passage 30 is water vapor, most of the liquid condensed in the condensing tank 40 is water. Since the temperature of water is 100 ° C. or lower, the gas having a boiling point of 100 ° C. or higher is effectively condensed by bubbling with water in the condensing tank 40 and collected in the condensing tank 40.

  On the other hand, the water accumulated in the condensing tank 40 is heated by contact with the exhaust gas discharged from the discharge passage 30, and partially evaporated to become water vapor. The water vapor thus evaporated and the gas that has not been condensed in the condensing tank 40 are discharged from the condensing tank 40 through the communication path 50.

  During the carbonization of the combustible organic substance in the carbonization chamber 14, the steam discharged from the condensing tank 40 through the communication path 50 to the condensing tank 40 through the discharge path 30 from the carbonizing tank 10. Since more steam is introduced, the condensed water in the lower part of the condensing tank is not completely lost, but rather increases. In this case, since the discharge passage 30 is designed so that the height position of the other end opening 32 of the discharge passage 30 is higher than the height position of the one end opening 31, When the amount of condensed water exceeds a certain amount, the condensed water flows backward from the condensing tank 40 into the carbonizing tank 10 through the discharge passage 30 according to the principle of siphon. As shown in the figure, the one end opening 31 of the discharge passage 30 communicates with the backflow reservoir 15 of the carbonization tank 10, so that the liquid that flows back into the carbonization tank 10 does not enter the carbonization chamber 14. , Flows into the backflow reservoir 15. The liquid that has flowed into the backflow chamber 15 is reheated by the heat of the carbonization chamber heater 20, becomes a gas, and is again introduced into the condensing tank 40 from the discharge passage 30.

  During the carbonization of the combustible organic substance in the carbonization chamber 14, the temperature of the upper space 42 of the condensing tank 40 detected by the condensing tank temperature sensor 45 is constant at about 100 ° C. This is because the temperature of the evaporated water vapor is approximately 100 ° C.

  As described above, most of the combustible gas is condensed by the condensing tank 40, but water vapor and some oil and carbon suspended matters (including tar content) are discharged from the condensing tank 40 as gas. These pass through the communication passage 50 and are introduced into the circulation passage 63 of the exhaust gas purification device 60.

  Since the circulation pump 64 of the exhaust gas purification device 60 is operating during the carbonization treatment, the water in the main body 62 and the circulation passage 63 is circulated in the direction indicated by the arrow B in the drawing. Further, since the communication portion D between the communication path 50 and the circulation path 63 is located downstream of the circulation pump 64, the exhaust gas is drawn from the communication path 50 by being attracted by the flow of water in the circulation path 63. 63 is effectively introduced.

  Further, as shown in the figure, the ozone introduction passage 82 also communicates with the circulation passage 63, and the communication portion C is downstream of the circulation pump 64, and from the communication portion D between the communication passage 50 and the circulation passage 63. Is also located upstream. Therefore, the ozone generated by the ozone generator 81 is introduced from the portion C into the circulation passage 63 through the ozone introduction passage 82.

  As can be seen from the figure, the respective openings of the communication passage 50 and the ozone introduction passage 82 communicating with the circulation passage 63 are opened along the flow direction of the water circulating in the circulation passage 63. For this reason, the gas from the communication passage 50 and the ozone from the ozone introduction passage 82 are attracted by the flow of water in the circulation passage 63 and are introduced into the circulation passage 63 more efficiently.

  Of the gas introduced from the communication passage 50 into the circulation passage 63, the water vapor is cooled and condensed by the water flowing through the circulation passage 63, and becomes water and is mixed into the water flowing through the circulation passage 63. On the other hand, combustible gas other than water vapor is cooled and condensed by the water flowing in the circulation passage 63 and becomes liquid, but since many of such liquid materials are hydrophobic such as oil and tar, It does not dissolve in water and floats in the circulation passage 63. Then, these liquid substances floating in the circulation passage 63 are oxidized by the ozone introduced into the circulation passage 63 from the ozone introduction passage 82. The liquid material oxidized by ozone collides with the turbulent airfoil 68 to form a bubble state. The liquid material in the bubble state obtains buoyancy and floats on the surface of the water stored in the main body 62.

  During the purification of exhaust gas by the above action, the water circulating through the main body 62 and the circulation passage 63 receives heat from the gas introduced from the communication passage 50, and thus the temperature rises. For this reason, in order to keep the temperature of circulating water constant, the radiator 65 is attached to the circulation path 63 in this example. Therefore, the water that has flowed from the main body 62 to the circulation passage 63 enters the radiator 65, is blown from the cooling fan device 66 disposed opposite to the radiator 65, exchanges heat, and is cooled. Due to the action of the radiator 65, the circulating water does not increase in temperature.

  Further, the main body 62 is provided with an ultraviolet lamp 67. For this reason, the ozone introduced into the circulation passage 63 from the ozone generator 80 is improved in oxidizing power by irradiation from the ultraviolet lamp 67, and can efficiently oxidize a liquid substance containing oil or the like.

  Further, the water vapor occupying most of the exhaust gas introduced from the communication passage 50 condenses into water when introduced into the circulation passage 63 and is mixed into the water flowing through the circulation passage 63. Gradually increases during carbonization. And if a water level rises more than the water level detected by the water level sensor 62a, water will be discharged | emitted from the drain pipe 70 outside. In this case, the drain pipe 70 communicates with the lower part of the main body part 62, and water is discharged from the lower part of the main body part 62 through the drain pipe 70. It is possible to discharge only clean water without entraining and releasing the floating bubble-like liquid material to the outside.

  When all the combustible organic substances in the tray 11 in the carbonization chamber 14 are carbonized, no gas is generated from the combustible organic substances. Therefore, no gas is introduced into the condensing tank 40, and the temperature of the space portion in the condensing tank 40 starts to rapidly decrease. When the detected temperature detected by the condensing tank temperature sensor 45 is equal to or lower than the carbonization end determination temperature (95 ° C. or lower in this example), the controller 90 determines that the carbonization has ended, and energizes the heater 20 in the carbonization chamber. Stop.

  When the energization of the heater 20 in the carbonization chamber is stopped, the temperature in the carbonization chamber 14 decreases. When the temperature in the carbonization chamber 14 is lowered, the pressure in the carbonization tank 10 is also reduced, and the carbonization tank 10 is in a negative pressure state with respect to the condensation tank 40, so that the liquid accumulated in the condensation tank 40 passes through the discharge passage 30. It flows back and is introduced into the backflow reservoir 15 in the carbonization tank 10.

  Since the condensed water from the condensing tank 40 flows back into the carbonizing tank 10, the condensing tank 40 also has a negative pressure, so that the water in the circulation passage 63 communicating with the condensing tank 40 through the communicating path 50 is communicated with the communicating path. 50 may flow backward to the condensing tank 40 and further from the condensing tank 40 into the carbonizing tank 10. In order to prevent this, the controller 90 opens the drainage recovery electromagnetic valve 76 immediately after the carbonization chamber heater 20 is stopped, and closes the water amount adjustment electromagnetic valve 74. Since the condensing tank 40 and the main body 62 communicate with each other via the drainage collecting passage 75 by opening the drain collecting electromagnetic valve 76, the condensing tank 40 does not flow back to the condensing tank 40 from the side of the communicating path 50. It flows backward from the drainage recovery passage 75 side with low resistance to the condensing tank 40. In this case, one end side 75a of the drainage recovery passage 75 is connected to the main body 62 at the height position of the draft surface of water stored in the main body 62 of the water tank 61, that is, at the same height as the water level sensor 62a. Communicate. Therefore, not only the gas in the upper part of the main body part 62 but also the bubble-like substance floating on the draft surface can be sucked together from the drainage collecting passage 75 and can flow back into the condensing tank 40. By such an action, that is, the action of returning the bubble-like substance condensed in the water tank 61 to the condensing tank 40 by utilizing the backflow phenomenon caused by the generation of the negative pressure when the carbonization treatment is stopped, all the condensation in the condensing tank 40. You can trap things. In addition, the work for removing the condensate from the main body 62 can be omitted. The reason for opening the drainage recovery electromagnetic valve 76 and closing the water amount adjusting electromagnetic valve 74 is to reduce the water level stored in the main body 62 due to the back flow from the main body 62 to the condensing tank 40. Accordingly, the water amount adjusting electromagnetic valve 74 is opened to prevent water from being replenished into the main body 62 from the replenishing water passage 73. If water is replenished from the replenishing water passage 73 to keep the water level, the replenished and increased amount will flow back into the condensing tank 40 from the drainage recovery passage 75 one after another, and the condensing tank 40 or carbonization tank. There is a possibility that the backflow chamber 15 in the tank 10 overflows. In order to prevent such a situation, when the drainage collecting electromagnetic valve 76 is opened, the water amount adjusting electromagnetic valve 74 is closed.

  When the temperature detected by the carbonization chamber temperature sensor 12 becomes equal to or lower than the set stop temperature (50 ° C. in this example), the controller 90 outputs a stop command to various devices and ends the operation of the carbonization apparatus 100. Note that the liquid that has flowed back into the backflow chamber 15 by stopping the apparatus 100 is reheated and evaporated in the next carbonization treatment.

  FIG. 2 shows the operating state of each device, heater, and sensor, the temperature detected from the carbonization chamber temperature sensor 12 and the condensing tank temperature sensor 45, and the carbonized organicity when operating the carbonization processing apparatus 100 in this example. The results of measuring the temperature of the combustible material (carbide) over time are also shown. In the graph, among the graphs showing the temperature, the solid line shows the change over time of the temperature in the carbonization chamber 14 detected from the coking chamber temperature sensor 12, and the thick dotted line shows the change over time in the temperature of the carbide. A change indicated by a thin dotted line indicates a change with time in the temperature of the gas phase portion of the condensing tank 40 detected from the condensing tank temperature sensor 45. As can be seen from the figure, when the carbonization apparatus 100 is started, the temperature of the carbonization chamber 14 and the temperature of the internal carbides rapidly increase. And the temperature in the carbonization chamber 14 is controlled to be 400 ° C. On the other hand, the temperature of the carbide shows a constant temperature of about 100 ° C. during the initial and middle stages of carbonization. This is because, in the initial and middle stages of carbonization, moisture in the carbide is mainly evaporated by heating, and the evaporation temperature of 100 ° C. appears as the carbide temperature.

  The temperature of the gas phase portion in the condensing tank 40 is maintained at room temperature in the initial stage of carbonization, but eventually the gas discharged from the carbonizing chamber 14 is heated by being introduced into the condensing tank 40, and the temperature rises. Come on. And it becomes constant at a temperature around 100 ° C. The reason why the temperature of the gas phase portion in the condensing tank 40 is constant at 100 ° C. is that, as described above, the temperature (100 when the condensed water accumulated in the condensing tank 40 evaporates to become water vapor during carbonization. (° C.) is detected.

  At the end of carbonization, the moisture in the carbide decreases and the generation of water vapor decreases, while the oil component having a higher boiling point evaporates and generates a combustible gas. For this reason, the temperature of the carbide also rises due to the generation of combustible gas. When the carbide is completely carbonized and no further gas is generated, the temperature of the carbide becomes the temperature in the carbonization chamber (400 ° C.).

  On the other hand, the temperature of the gas phase portion in the condensing tank 40 is maintained at approximately 100 ° C. even at the end of carbonization. As shown in the figure, the temperature begins to drop at the final stage of the end of carbonization. This is because the gas discharged from the carbide is no longer exhausted after the carbonization is completed, so that no gas is introduced from the carbonization chamber 14 into the condensing tank 40, and as a result, the condensed water is not heated. When the condensed water is no longer heated, the generation of water vapor from the condensed water is also suppressed, so that the temperature of the gas phase portion of the condensing tank 40 decreases. Therefore, a drop in the temperature of the gas phase portion in the condensing tank 40 is also a signal that the carbonization has been completed, so the temperature of this portion is detected by the condensing tank temperature sensor 45 and the detected temperature is below a predetermined temperature (in this example, By determining that the carbonization is completed when the temperature reaches 95 ° C. or lower), it is possible to determine the completion of the carbonization with high accuracy. Then, when the temperature detected by the carbonization chamber temperature sensor 12 becomes equal to or lower than a predetermined temperature (50 ° C. in this example), the power supply to all the devices is turned off.

  FIG. 3 is a modification of the above example. 3 is different from the configuration of FIG. 1 in which the other end 75b of the drainage recovery passage 75 communicates directly with the condensing tank 40, and the other end 75b communicates in the middle of the communication passage 50. It is what has been. Other configurations are the same as those of the carbonization apparatus of FIG.

  In such a configuration, when the drainage recovery solenoid valve 76 is opened immediately after the carbonization treatment is finished and the carbonization chamber heater 20 is stopped, the drainage recovery passage 75 starts from the one end side 75a. The gas in the upper part of the main body 62 and the bubble-like substance floating on the draft surface are sucked and introduced into the communication passage 50 through the drainage recovery passage 75. Then, it flows backward into the condensing tank 40 via the communication path 50. Therefore, all the condensate can be trapped in the condensing tank 40 even in the configuration of FIG. In this case, since a part of the drainage recovery passage is shared by the communication passage 50, an effect that piping can be omitted can be expected.

1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a carbonization apparatus in an embodiment of the present invention. When operating the carbonization apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention, the operating state of each device, heater, sensor, the temperature detected from the carbonization chamber temperature sensor, the condensing tank temperature sensor, and the organic combustible material to be carbonized It is the graph which written together the result of having measured temperature over time. It is the structure schematic of the carbonization processing apparatus in the modification of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10: Carbonization tank 10a: Side wall 10b: Exhaust port 10c: Side wall 11: Tray 12: Carbonization chamber temperature sensor 13: Partition wall 14: Carbonization chamber 15: Backflow chamber 20: Carbonization chamber heater (heating means)
30: Discharge passage 31: Opening at one end 32: Opening at the other end 40: Condensing tank 40a: Side wall 40b: Suction port 40c: Side wall 40d: Discharge port 41: Wire mesh 42: Upper space 43: Lower space 44: Condensing tank heater (Condenser heating means)
45: Condensation tank temperature sensor 50: Communication path 51: One end opening 60: Exhaust gas purification device 61: Water tank 62: Main body 62a: Water level sensor 63: Circulation path 63a: One end 63b: Other end 64: Circulation pump 64a: Suction Port 64b: Discharge port 65: Radiator (cooling means)
66: Cooling fan device (cooling means)
67: Ultraviolet lamp 68: Turbulent blade 69: Filter 70: Drain pipe 71: One end 72: The other end 73: Supply water passage 74: Water quantity adjusting solenoid valve 75: Waste liquid collection passage 75a: One end 75b: The other end 76: Solenoid valve for drainage recovery 80: Ozone generator (oxidizer introduction device)
81: Ozone generator (oxidizer generator)
82: Ozone introduction passage (oxidant introduction passage)
90: Controller 100: Carbonizing apparatus

Claims (1)

In a carbonization apparatus comprising a carbonization chamber in which a combustible organic material is accommodated, and a heating unit for heating the combustible organic material in the carbonization chamber, and carbonizing the combustible organic material by heating the combustible organic material with the heating unit.
A condensing tank communicating with the carbonization chamber and condensing and liquefying the gas introduced from the carbonization chamber;
An exhaust gas purifying apparatus having a water tank in which water is stored and an oxidant introduction device for introducing an oxidant into the water tank, and being in communication with the condensing tank;
A drainage collecting passage having one end communicating with the water tank and the other end communicating with the condensing tank;
A drainage recovery on-off valve interposed in the middle of the drainage recovery passage,
The drainage recovery passage is communicated with the water tank at a height position of the draft surface of the water tank.

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