JP2005274436A - Encoder and rolling bearing equipped with encoder concerned - Google Patents

Encoder and rolling bearing equipped with encoder concerned Download PDF

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JP2005274436A
JP2005274436A JP2004089759A JP2004089759A JP2005274436A JP 2005274436 A JP2005274436 A JP 2005274436A JP 2004089759 A JP2004089759 A JP 2004089759A JP 2004089759 A JP2004089759 A JP 2004089759A JP 2005274436 A JP2005274436 A JP 2005274436A
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permanent magnet
encoder
slinger
holding member
magnetic
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Hiromitsu Asai
拡光 浅井
Takahiko Uchiyama
貴彦 内山
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NSK Ltd
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NSK Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C41/00—Other accessories, e.g. devices integrated in the bearing not relating to the bearing function as such
    • F16C41/007—Encoders, e.g. parts with a plurality of alternating magnetic poles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72—Sealings
    • F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/78—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
    • F16C33/7869—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted with a cylindrical portion to the inner surface of the outer race and having a radial portion extending inward
    • F16C33/7879—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted with a cylindrical portion to the inner surface of the outer race and having a radial portion extending inward with a further sealing ring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2326/00—Articles relating to transporting
    • F16C2326/01—Parts of vehicles in general
    • F16C2326/02—Wheel hubs or castors

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Transmission And Conversion Of Sensor Element Output (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an encoder with high reliability resulting from assured prevention of dropout of a permanent magnet from a retention member and from enhanced detecting accuracy of rotational frequencies (rotating speed) of wheels by improving magnetic characteristics, and additionally a rolling bearing equipped with the encoder concerned. <P>SOLUTION: In the encoder 20 is equipped with a permanent magnet 21 formed cylindrically and magnetized multiple polarly in circumferential direction and a slinger 22 holding the permanent magnet 21, the slinger 22 has a plurality of locking claws 27 and 28 engaging with a rim section of one or the other pole faces in a pair of pole faces of the permanent magnet 21 and a flange section 24 being brought into close contact with another side of the pole face, while the permanent magnet 21 is sandwiched with a plurality of locking claws 27 and 28 of the slinger 22 and the flange section 24. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、転がり軸受に関し、具体的には自動車のアンチロックブレーキシステムあるいはトラクションコントロールシステムなどにおける車輪の回転数（回転速度）を検出するためのエンコーダ及び当該エンコーダを備えた転がり軸受に関する。   The present invention relates to a rolling bearing, and more particularly to an encoder for detecting the number of rotations (rotational speed) of a wheel in an antilock brake system or a traction control system of an automobile and a rolling bearing provided with the encoder.

従来、自動車のスキッド（車輪が略停止状態で滑る現象）を防止するためのアンチスキッド、又は有効に駆動力を路面に伝えるためのトラクションコントロール（発進や加速時に生じやすい駆動輪の不要な空転の制御）などに用いられる車輪回転数検出装置としては、Ｎ極とＳ極とを円周方向に交互に着磁された円筒状の永久磁石と、該永久磁石の近傍における磁場の変化を検出するセンサとを有し、車輪を支持する軸受を密封するための密封装置に前記永久磁石を併設して配置することにより車輪の回転と共に前記永久磁石を回転せしめ、車輪の回転に同期した磁場変化を前記センサにより検出するものが知られている（例えば、特許文献１参照。）。
特開２００１−２５５３３７号公報（第２〜３頁、第２図） Conventionally, anti-skid to prevent car skid (a phenomenon in which the wheel slips in a substantially stopped state) or traction control to effectively transmit the driving force to the road surface (unnecessary idling of the driving wheel that is likely to occur at the time of start and acceleration) As a wheel rotation number detecting device used for control, etc., a cylindrical permanent magnet having N poles and S poles alternately magnetized in the circumferential direction and a change in magnetic field in the vicinity of the permanent magnet are detected. The permanent magnet is rotated together with the rotation of the wheel by arranging the permanent magnet in a sealing device for sealing the bearing that supports the wheel, and the magnetic field change synchronized with the rotation of the wheel. What detects by the said sensor is known (for example, refer patent document 1).
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-255337 (pages 2 and 3, FIG. 2)

特許文献１に開示されている車輪回転数検出装置は、図１８に示すように、外輪１ａに取り付けられたシール部材２と、内輪１ｂに嵌合されたスリンガ（保持部材）３と、スリンガ３に取り付けられて磁気パルスを発生するエンコーダ（永久磁石）４と、エンコーダ４に近接して配置されて磁気パルスを検出するセンサ５とから構成されており、シール部材２とスリンガ３とにより、埃等の異物が軸受内部に進入することを防止し、軸受内部に充填された潤滑剤が軸受外部に漏洩することを防止している。そして、エンコーダ４は、接着剤を塗布されてスリンガ３のフランジ部３ｂに圧着して接合されている。エンコーダ４は、ゴムまたは樹脂等の弾性素材に磁性粉を混入した弾性磁性材料から形成されており、内輪１ｂが１回転する間に、極数に対応した数の磁気パルスを発生させ、この磁気パルスをセンサ５により検出することで内輪１ｂの回転数を検出している。   As shown in FIG. 18, the wheel rotational speed detection device disclosed in Patent Document 1 includes a seal member 2 attached to the outer ring 1 a, a slinger (holding member) 3 fitted to the inner ring 1 b, and a slinger 3. And an encoder (permanent magnet) 4 that generates a magnetic pulse and a sensor 5 that is disposed in the vicinity of the encoder 4 and detects a magnetic pulse. The seal member 2 and the slinger 3 This prevents foreign matters such as the like from entering the inside of the bearing, and prevents the lubricant filled in the bearing from leaking outside the bearing. The encoder 4 is bonded to the flange portion 3b of the slinger 3 with an adhesive applied thereto. The encoder 4 is formed of an elastic magnetic material in which magnetic powder is mixed with an elastic material such as rubber or resin, and generates a number of magnetic pulses corresponding to the number of poles while the inner ring 1b rotates once. The number of rotations of the inner ring 1b is detected by detecting the pulse by the sensor 5.

しかし、車輪用軸受は−４０〜１２０℃の広範な温度環境や、泥水、塩水、等の過酷な条件下で使用され、上記の車輪回転数検出装置においてはエンコーダ４とスリンガ３とが接着層を介して接合されているのみであるため、前記接着層が初期の接着力を徐々に喪失し、ついには剥離を生じてエンコーダ４がスリンガ３から脱落してしまう可能性があった。また、効率良くアンチスキッド、及びトラクションコントロールを行うためには、車輪の回転数を高精度に検出する必要があり、上記の車輪回転数検出装置においては磁気パルスの発生間隔を短くする（即ち、エンコーダをさらに多極に着磁する）ことにより実現されるが、一極当たりの磁束が微弱となるため、エンコーダの磁束密度等の磁気特性を向上させる必要があった。   However, the wheel bearing is used under a wide temperature environment of −40 to 120 ° C. and severe conditions such as muddy water and salt water, and the encoder 4 and the slinger 3 are bonded to each other in the wheel rotation number detection device. Therefore, the adhesive layer gradually loses its initial adhesive force and eventually peels off, and the encoder 4 may fall off the slinger 3. Further, in order to efficiently perform anti-skid and traction control, it is necessary to detect the rotational speed of the wheel with high accuracy, and in the above-described wheel rotational speed detection device, the generation interval of magnetic pulses is shortened (that is, However, since the magnetic flux per pole becomes weak, it is necessary to improve the magnetic characteristics such as the magnetic flux density of the encoder.

本発明は前述した事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、永久磁石が保持部材から脱落することを確実に防止すると共に、磁気特性を向上させることにより車輪の回転数（回転速度）の検出精度を高め、信頼性に優れるエンコーダ及び当該エンコーダを備えた転がり軸受を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made in view of the circumstances described above, and reliably prevents the permanent magnet from falling off the holding member and improves the magnetic characteristics, thereby improving the detection accuracy of the rotational speed (rotation speed) of the wheel. An object of the present invention is to provide an encoder with high reliability and a rolling bearing provided with the encoder.

前述した目的を達成するために、本発明に係る転がり軸受は、下記の（１）〜（４）を特徴としている。   In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the rolling bearing according to the present invention is characterized by the following (1) to (4).

（１） 円筒状に形成され且つ円周方向に多極に着磁された永久磁石と、前記永久磁石を保持する保持部材と、を備え、前記永久磁石と前記保持部材とが、加締められて一体とされていること。
（２） 上記（１）記載のエンコーダであって、
前記永久磁石が、磁性粉と、該磁性粉のバインダとして熱可塑性樹脂と、を含む磁石材料から形成されていること。
（３） 上記（２）記載のエンコーダであって、
前記永久磁石が、前記磁性粉を６０〜８０体積％含有していること。
（４） 固定輪と、回転輪と、前記固定輪及び前記回転輪の間で周方向に転動自在に配設された複数の転動体と、前記回転輪と共に回転するよう設けられたエンコーダと、を備える転がり軸受であって、
前記エンコーダが上記（１）から（３）のいずれかに記載のエンコーダであること。 (1) A permanent magnet that is formed in a cylindrical shape and is magnetized in multiple directions in a circumferential direction, and a holding member that holds the permanent magnet, and the permanent magnet and the holding member are crimped To be united.
(2) The encoder according to (1) above,
The said permanent magnet is formed from the magnet material containing magnetic powder and a thermoplastic resin as a binder of this magnetic powder.
(3) The encoder according to (2) above,
The permanent magnet contains 60 to 80% by volume of the magnetic powder.
(4) a fixed wheel, a rotating wheel, a plurality of rolling elements disposed so as to be rotatable in a circumferential direction between the fixed wheel and the rotating wheel, and an encoder provided to rotate together with the rotating wheel; A rolling bearing comprising:
The encoder is the encoder according to any one of (1) to (3).

前記構成のエンコーダによれば、永久磁石と、該永久磁石を保持する保持部材とを、加締めることにより一体としており、永久磁石と保持部材とを容易に且つ確実に機械的に接合することができる。これにより、永久磁石が保持部材から脱落することを防止することができ、エンコーダの信頼性を高めることができる。   According to the encoder having the above configuration, the permanent magnet and the holding member that holds the permanent magnet are integrated by caulking, and the permanent magnet and the holding member can be mechanically joined easily and reliably. it can. As a result, the permanent magnet can be prevented from falling off the holding member, and the reliability of the encoder can be improved.

永久磁石と保持部材とを加締めにより一体とする場合に、例えば、円筒状の永久磁石の一対の磁極面（軸方向両端面、または、外周面および内周面）のうち、いずれか一方の磁極面の周縁部に係合する加締め部と、他方の磁極面を支持する支持部と、を保持部材に設け、保持部材の前記加締め部および支持部により永久磁石を狭持するように加締めてもよい。   When the permanent magnet and the holding member are integrated by caulking, for example, either one of a pair of magnetic pole faces (both axial end faces or outer peripheral face and inner peripheral face) of a cylindrical permanent magnet A holding member is provided with a caulking portion that engages with a peripheral portion of the magnetic pole surface and a support portion that supports the other magnetic pole surface, and the permanent magnet is sandwiched between the caulking portion and the supporting portion of the holding member. It may be crimped.

また、永久磁石を、磁性粉と該磁性粉のバインダとして熱可塑性樹脂とを含む磁石材料から形成するようにしており、永久磁石を磁場中で射出成形することにより永久磁石に含有される磁性粉を磁場配向させることができる。一般に磁場配向は機械配向に比べ磁性粉の配向度を高くすることができ、永久磁石の磁気特性を向上させることができる。尚、熱可塑性樹脂としては、ポリアミド６、ポリアミド１２、ポリアミド６１２、ポリアミド１１、又はポリフェニレンサルファイド（ＰＰＳ）等を例示することができるが、融雪剤として使用される塩化カルシウムと水とが一緒にエンコーダにかかり、塩化カルシウムの加水発熱により永久磁石の磁気特性が低下する虞があるので、吸水性に乏しい熱可塑性樹脂（例えば、ポリアミド１２、ポリアミド６１２、ポリアミド１１、又はポリフェニレンサルファイド）を用いることが好ましい。また、磁性粉としては、ストロンチウムフェライトやバリウムフェライト等のフェライト、又はネオジウム―鉄―ボロン、サマリウム―コバルト、サマリウム―鉄等の希土類の磁性粉を用いることができ、さらにフェライトの磁気特性を向上させるためにランタン等の希土類元素を混入させたものであってもよい。   In addition, the permanent magnet is made of a magnetic material containing magnetic powder and a thermoplastic resin as a binder of the magnetic powder, and the permanent magnet is injection-molded in a magnetic field to contain the magnetic powder contained in the permanent magnet. Can be magnetically oriented. In general, the magnetic field orientation can increase the degree of orientation of the magnetic powder as compared with the mechanical orientation, and can improve the magnetic properties of the permanent magnet. Examples of the thermoplastic resin include polyamide 6, polyamide 12, polyamide 612, polyamide 11, or polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), but calcium chloride used as a snow melting agent and water together are encoders. Therefore, it is preferable to use a thermoplastic resin (for example, polyamide 12, polyamide 612, polyamide 11, or polyphenylene sulfide) having poor water absorption because there is a risk that the magnetic properties of the permanent magnet may be reduced due to the heat generation of calcium chloride. . In addition, as magnetic powder, ferrite such as strontium ferrite and barium ferrite, or rare earth magnetic powder such as neodymium-iron-boron, samarium-cobalt, samarium-iron can be used, which further improves the magnetic properties of ferrite. Therefore, it may be a mixture of rare earth elements such as lanthanum.

また、永久磁石が、磁性粉のバインダとして樹脂を用いた、所謂プラスチック磁石であり、プラスチック磁石は弾性変形が可能であるため、加締め加工後の保持部材のスプリングバックを考慮した十分な加締めを行った場合にも破損する虞がない。よって、永久磁石を保持部材に強固に固定することができる。   In addition, the permanent magnet is a so-called plastic magnet using a resin as a binder for magnetic powder, and the plastic magnet can be elastically deformed. Therefore, sufficient caulking considering the spring back of the holding member after caulking is considered. There is no risk of damage even if the operation is performed. Therefore, the permanent magnet can be firmly fixed to the holding member.

また、磁性粉の含有量を６０〜８０体積％としており、永久磁石の磁気特性を向上させると共に機械的強度を確保して、エンコーダの信頼性を高めることができる。磁性粉の含有率が６０体積％未満の場合には、磁気特性が劣ると共に狭ピッチで多極に着磁させることが困難となる。一方、磁性粉の含有量が８０体積％を越える場合には、バインダ量が不足して永久磁石全体の機械的強度が低下すると共に成形が困難となる。   Further, the content of the magnetic powder is set to 60 to 80% by volume, so that the magnetic properties of the permanent magnet can be improved and the mechanical strength can be ensured to increase the reliability of the encoder. When the content of the magnetic powder is less than 60% by volume, the magnetic properties are inferior and it is difficult to magnetize multiple poles at a narrow pitch. On the other hand, when the content of the magnetic powder exceeds 80% by volume, the amount of the binder is insufficient, the mechanical strength of the entire permanent magnet is lowered, and molding becomes difficult.

尚、永久磁石の磁気特性としては、最大エネルギー積（ＢＨｍａｘ）で１．３〜１５ＭＧＯｅ、より好ましくは１．８〜１２ＭＧＯｅの範囲である。最大エネルギー積が１．３ＭＧＯｅ未満の場合は、磁気特性が低すぎるためにセンサを永久磁石にかなり接近させて配置する必要があり、実用的でない。また、最大エネルギー積が１５ＭＧＯｅを越える場合は、過剰な磁気特性を有すると共に安価なフェライトを主成分とした組成では達成不能であり、ネオジウム―鉄―ボロン等の高価な希土類磁性粉を多量に配合する必要があり、且つ成形性も悪く実用性が低い。   In addition, as a magnetic characteristic of a permanent magnet, it is the range of 1.3-15MGOe by a maximum energy product (BHmax), More preferably, it is the range of 1.8-12MGOe. If the maximum energy product is less than 1.3 MGOe, the magnetic properties are too low and the sensor needs to be placed very close to the permanent magnet, which is not practical. In addition, when the maximum energy product exceeds 15 MGOe, it cannot be achieved with a composition mainly composed of inexpensive ferrite with excessive magnetic properties, and a large amount of expensive rare earth magnetic powder such as neodymium-iron-boron is blended. In addition, the moldability is poor and the practicality is low.

また、保持部材の材質としては、永久磁石の磁気特性を低下させず、且つ前述した使用環境を考慮して、耐食性を有するフェライト系ステンレス（例えばＳＵＳ４３０など）、マルテンサイト系ステンレス（例えばＳＵＳ４１０など）等の磁性材料が好ましい。そして、保持部材の（特に、前記加締め部の）肉厚は、好ましくは０．３〜１．２ｍｍ、より好ましくは０．４〜１．０ｍｍとされる。保持部材の肉厚が０．３ｍｍ未満だと保持部材としての強度が不足する虞があり、また１．２ｍｍ以上だと加締め加工が困難になる虞があるためである。   Further, as the material of the holding member, in consideration of the use environment described above without deteriorating the magnetic characteristics of the permanent magnet, corrosion-resistant ferritic stainless steel (for example, SUS430) or martensitic stainless steel (for example, SUS410). A magnetic material such as is preferable. The thickness of the holding member (particularly, the caulking portion) is preferably 0.3 to 1.2 mm, more preferably 0.4 to 1.0 mm. This is because if the thickness of the holding member is less than 0.3 mm, the strength as the holding member may be insufficient, and if it is 1.2 mm or more, the caulking process may be difficult.

本発明によれば、永久磁石が保持部材から脱落することを確実に防止すると共に、永久磁石の磁気特性を向上させて回転体の回転速度を高精度に検出することができ、これにより、エンコーダ及び当該エンコーダを備えた転がり軸受の信頼性を高めることができるという効果が得られる。   According to the present invention, it is possible to reliably prevent the permanent magnet from falling off the holding member, and to improve the magnetic characteristics of the permanent magnet to detect the rotational speed of the rotating body with high accuracy. And the effect that the reliability of the rolling bearing provided with the said encoder can be improved is acquired.

以下、本発明に係る好適な実施形態を図面に基づいて詳細に説明する。
図１は本発明に係る第１実施形態であるエンコーダを備えた転がり軸受の断面図、図２は図１における点線円IIで囲まれた部分の拡大断面図、図３は図１に示すエンコーダの平面図、図４は図３におけるIV-IV矢視断面図、図５は図１におけるエンコーダの永久磁石の斜視図であり且つ永久磁石の着磁パターンを示す模式図、図６は図１におけるエンコーダの変形例の平面図、図７は図６におけるVII-VII矢視断面図、図８は図１におけるエンコーダの変形例の断面図、図９は図８におけるエンコーダの変形例の平面図、図１０は図９におけるX-X矢視断面図、図１１は図１０におけるエンコーダの変形例の断面図、図１２は図１０におけるエンコーダの変形例の断面図、図１３は図１０におけるエンコーダの変形例の断面図、図１４は図１におけるエンコーダの変形例の断面図、図１５は本発明に係る第２実施形態であるエンコーダを備えた車輪用軸受の断面図、図１６は図１５におけるエンコーダを備えた車輪用軸受の変形例を示す断面図、図１７は本発明に係る第３の実施形態であるエンコーダを備えた車輪用軸受の断面図、図１８は図１７おけるエンコーダの平面図、図１９は図１８におけるIXX-IXX矢視断面図、図２０は図１７におけるエンコーダの永久磁石の斜視図であり且つ永久磁石の着磁パターンを示す模式図、図２１は図１７におけるエンコーダの変形例の平面図、図２２は図２１におけるXXII-XXII矢視断面図である。 DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
1 is a sectional view of a rolling bearing provided with an encoder according to a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of a portion surrounded by a dotted circle II in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is an encoder shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IV-IV in FIG. 3, FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the permanent magnet of the encoder in FIG. 1, and is a schematic diagram showing a magnetization pattern of the permanent magnet. FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along arrow VII-VII in FIG. 6, FIG. 8 is a sectional view of the modified example of the encoder in FIG. 1, and FIG. 9 is a plan view of the modified example of the encoder in FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XX in FIG. 9, FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a modification of the encoder in FIG. 10, FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the modification of the encoder in FIG. An example cross-sectional view, FIG. 15 is a sectional view of a wheel bearing provided with an encoder according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 16 is a modified example of the wheel bearing provided with the encoder in FIG. FIG. 17 is a sectional view of a wheel bearing provided with an encoder according to a third embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 18 is a plan view of the encoder in FIG. 17, and FIG. 19 is a view taken in the direction of arrows IXX-IXX in FIG. FIG. 20 is a perspective view of a permanent magnet of the encoder in FIG. 17 and a schematic view showing a magnetization pattern of the permanent magnet, FIG. 21 is a plan view of a modification of the encoder in FIG. 17, and FIG. It is XXII-XXII arrow sectional drawing.

（第１実施形態）
図１および図２に示すように、本発明の第１実施形態であるエンコーダを備えた転がり軸受１０は、固定輪である外輪１１と、回転輪である内輪１２と、外輪１１及び内輪１２により画成された円環状隙間に円周方向に等間隔に配置され且つ保持器１４により転動自在に保持された複数の転動体である玉列１３と、前記円環状隙間の開口端部に配設された密封装置と、内輪１２の回転数を検出するためのエンコーダ２０とを備えている。前記密封装置は、スリンガ２２と、スリンガ２２よりも軸受内方側に配置されたシール部材から構成されており、前記シール部材をスリンガ２２に摺接させることにより前記円環状隙間の開口端部を塞ぎ、埃等の異物が軸受内部に進入することを防止すると共に軸受内部に充填された潤滑剤が軸受外部に漏洩することを防止している。 (First embodiment)
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a rolling bearing 10 having an encoder according to a first embodiment of the present invention includes an outer ring 11 that is a fixed ring, an inner ring 12 that is a rotating ring, an outer ring 11, and an inner ring 12. A plurality of rolling elements 13 which are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction in the defined annular gap and are held by the retainer 14 so as to be freely rollable, and an opening end of the annular gap. An installed sealing device and an encoder 20 for detecting the rotational speed of the inner ring 12 are provided. The sealing device includes a slinger 22 and a seal member disposed on the inner side of the bearing with respect to the slinger 22, and the opening end of the annular gap is formed by sliding the seal member on the slinger 22. It blocks and prevents foreign matters such as dust from entering the inside of the bearing and prevents the lubricant filled inside the bearing from leaking outside the bearing.

さらに図３から図５を参照して、エンコーダ２０は、スリンガ２２を永久磁石２１の保持部材として構成されている。永久磁石２１は、磁性粉と該磁性粉のバインダとして熱可塑性樹脂とを含み且つ磁性粉を６０〜８０体積％の範囲で適宜含有した磁石材料を円筒状に射出成形したものであり、円周方向にＮ極とＳ極とが交互に（即ち、多極に）着磁されている。永久磁石２１の射出成形の際には、厚み方向（軸方向）に磁場がかけられており、永久磁石２１中の磁性粉は軸方向に配向されている。よって、永久磁石２１はアキシャル異方性とされており、軸方向の両端面に一対の磁極面を有している。   Further, referring to FIGS. 3 to 5, the encoder 20 is configured with the slinger 22 as a holding member for the permanent magnet 21. The permanent magnet 21 is formed by cylindrically molding a magnet material containing a magnetic powder and a thermoplastic resin as a binder of the magnetic powder and appropriately containing the magnetic powder in a range of 60 to 80% by volume. In the direction, N poles and S poles are alternately magnetized (that is, multipolar). In the injection molding of the permanent magnet 21, a magnetic field is applied in the thickness direction (axial direction), and the magnetic powder in the permanent magnet 21 is oriented in the axial direction. Therefore, the permanent magnet 21 has axial anisotropy and has a pair of magnetic pole faces on both end faces in the axial direction.

スリンガ２２は、磁性材料を全体として断面Ｌ字形の円環状に形成したものであり、前記円環状隙間において内輪１２側から外輪１１側に向けて半径方向に展開する鍔状のフランジ部２４と、フランジ部２４の内径側周縁部から略直角に屈曲して軸方向に延設された円筒部と、該円筒部の端部から内輪１２側に略１８０度屈曲して軸方向に延設された円筒状の嵌合部２３と、から構成されている。また、フランジ部２４の外径側周縁部には、前記円筒部とは逆方向に略直角に屈曲して軸方向に延設された円筒状の外枠２５が設けられており、さらに外枠２５の端部には、円周方向に等間隔に複数の切欠きが設けられており、複数の係止爪２７が軸方向に突出して形成されている。また、外枠２５と半径方向に対向する嵌合部２３の端部（以後、内枠と称する。）２６には、円周方向に等間隔に複数の切欠きが設けられており、複数の係止爪２８が軸方向に突出して形成されている。外枠２５の内径は、永久磁石２１の外径と略等しい径とされており、内枠２６の外径は、永久磁石２１の内径と略等しい径とされている。   The slinger 22 is formed of a magnetic material as a whole in an annular shape having an L-shaped cross section, and a flange-like flange portion 24 that expands in the radial direction from the inner ring 12 side to the outer ring 11 side in the annular gap, A cylindrical portion that is bent at a substantially right angle from the peripheral edge portion on the inner diameter side of the flange portion 24 and extends in the axial direction, and is bent at approximately 180 degrees from the end portion of the cylindrical portion to the inner ring 12 side and extended in the axial direction. And a cylindrical fitting portion 23. Further, a cylindrical outer frame 25 that is bent at a substantially right angle in a direction opposite to the cylindrical portion and extended in the axial direction is provided on the outer peripheral side peripheral portion of the flange portion 24, and further, the outer frame A plurality of notches are provided at the end of 25 at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and a plurality of locking claws 27 are formed protruding in the axial direction. In addition, a plurality of notches are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction at an end portion (hereinafter referred to as an inner frame) 26 of the fitting portion 23 that faces the outer frame 25 in the radial direction. A locking claw 28 is formed protruding in the axial direction. The inner diameter of the outer frame 25 is substantially equal to the outer diameter of the permanent magnet 21, and the outer diameter of the inner frame 26 is substantially equal to the inner diameter of the permanent magnet 21.

永久磁石２１は、フランジ部２４と外枠２５と内枠２６とにより画成された円筒状の凹部に嵌合し、前記一対の磁極面のうち一方の磁極面をフランジ部２４（即ち、支持部）に密着させた状態で仮支持される。そして、外枠２５の係止爪２７および内枠２６の係止爪２８が、永久磁石２１の前記一対の磁極面のうち他方の磁極面の周縁部にそれぞれ係合するように折り曲げられ、さらに加締められる。これにより、永久磁石２１はスリンガ２２のフランジ部２４と係止爪２７，２８とにより狭持され、永久磁石２１とスリンガ２２とが機械的に接合されている。   The permanent magnet 21 is fitted into a cylindrical concave portion defined by the flange portion 24, the outer frame 25, and the inner frame 26, and one of the pair of magnetic pole surfaces is supported by the flange portion 24 (ie, the support portion). Part) is temporarily supported. Then, the locking claws 27 of the outer frame 25 and the locking claws 28 of the inner frame 26 are bent so as to engage with the peripheral edge of the other magnetic pole surface of the pair of magnetic pole surfaces of the permanent magnet 21, respectively. It is crimped. Thus, the permanent magnet 21 is held between the flange portion 24 of the slinger 22 and the locking claws 27 and 28, and the permanent magnet 21 and the slinger 22 are mechanically joined.

永久磁石２１と一体とされたスリンガ２２は、係止爪２７，２８と係合する永久磁石２１の磁極面を軸受外方に露出させるように、前記環状隙間の開口端部において内輪１２の外周面に固定され、内輪１２と共に回転する。よって、内輪１２が一回転する間に、永久磁石２１近傍の一点における磁束密度は、永久磁石２１の極数に対応したピーク数を有して周期的に変化する。そして、永久磁石２１の磁極面に対向して配置されたセンサ１８により磁束密度の変化を検出して内輪１２の回転数を検出する。   The slinger 22 integrated with the permanent magnet 21 has an outer periphery of the inner ring 12 at the opening end of the annular gap so that the magnetic pole surface of the permanent magnet 21 engaged with the locking claws 27 and 28 is exposed to the outside of the bearing. It is fixed to the surface and rotates together with the inner ring 12. Therefore, while the inner ring 12 makes one rotation, the magnetic flux density at one point in the vicinity of the permanent magnet 21 periodically changes with the number of peaks corresponding to the number of poles of the permanent magnet 21. Then, a change in magnetic flux density is detected by a sensor 18 arranged opposite to the magnetic pole surface of the permanent magnet 21 to detect the rotational speed of the inner ring 12.

また、前記密封装置を構成するシール部材は、断面略Ｌ字形の円環状に形成された芯金１５により、同じく断面略Ｌ字形の円環状に形成されたシールリップ１６を補強してなり、外輪１１に内嵌して固定されている。シールリップ１６の先端部は複数の摺接部に分岐しており、該複数の摺接部は、スリンガ２２のフランジ部２４の軸受内方側面または前記円筒部の外周面に、全周に亙ってそれぞれ摺接している。これにより高い密封性能を得ている。   The sealing member constituting the sealing device is formed by reinforcing a seal lip 16 similarly formed in an annular shape having a substantially L-shaped cross section by a core metal 15 formed in an annular shape having a substantially L-shaped cross section. 11 is fixed by being fitted inside. The front end portion of the seal lip 16 is branched into a plurality of sliding contact portions, and the plurality of sliding contact portions are formed on the inner surface of the bearing of the flange portion 24 of the slinger 22 or on the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion. They are in sliding contact with each other. Thereby, high sealing performance is obtained.

上述の転がり軸受１０によれば、永久磁石２１は、スリンガ２２のフランジ部２４と係止爪２７，２８とにより狭持されるように加締めらて、スリンガ２２に機械的に接合されているので、永久磁石２１がスリンガ２２から脱落することを容易に且つ確実に防止することができ、エンコーダ２０の信頼性を高めることができる。さらに永久磁石２１とフランジ部２４との接着を併用して、永久磁石２１の磁極面とフランジ部２４の密着度を高め、スリンガ２２による保持強度を向上させてもよい。また、密封装置を構成するスリンガ２２を永久磁石２１の保持部材とすることにより、永久磁石２１を内輪１２と共に回転させるための保持部材を別途必要とせず、さらに、スリンガ２２を磁性材料から形成することにより、永久磁石２１の磁気特性が低下することを防止することができ、内輪１２の回転数（回転速度）を高精度に検出することができる。   According to the rolling bearing 10 described above, the permanent magnet 21 is mechanically joined to the slinger 22 by being crimped so as to be sandwiched between the flange portion 24 of the slinger 22 and the locking claws 27 and 28. Therefore, the permanent magnet 21 can be easily and reliably prevented from falling off the slinger 22, and the reliability of the encoder 20 can be improved. Further, the adhesion between the permanent magnet 21 and the flange portion 24 may be used in combination to increase the adhesion between the magnetic pole surface of the permanent magnet 21 and the flange portion 24, thereby improving the holding strength by the slinger 22. Further, by using the slinger 22 constituting the sealing device as a holding member for the permanent magnet 21, a holding member for rotating the permanent magnet 21 together with the inner ring 12 is not required, and the slinger 22 is formed of a magnetic material. As a result, it is possible to prevent the magnetic characteristics of the permanent magnet 21 from deteriorating, and the rotational speed (rotational speed) of the inner ring 12 can be detected with high accuracy.

尚、上述した転がり軸受１０において、円筒状の外枠２５および内枠２６に、それぞれ円周方向に等間隔に切欠きを設けて複数の係止爪２７，２８を形成し、係止爪２７，２８を折り曲げて加締める構成としているが、これに限定されるものではない。例えば、図６および図７に示すように、外枠２５および内枠２６に切欠きを設けずに単なる円筒状としておき、揺動加締め等の方法によりその突端を徐々に塑性変形させ、全周に亘って永久磁石側に折りこむようにしてもよい。この場合、外枠２５および内枠２６の突端に形成される係止部２９，３０が永久磁石２１の前記磁極面の周縁部に全周に亘って係合し、フランジ部２４と協働して永久磁石２１を狭持するように加締められるので、永久磁石２１とスリンガ２２とをより強固に機械的に接合することができる。   In the rolling bearing 10 described above, the cylindrical outer frame 25 and the inner frame 26 are provided with notches at equal intervals in the circumferential direction to form a plurality of locking claws 27, 28. , 28 is bent and crimped, but is not limited thereto. For example, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the outer frame 25 and the inner frame 26 are not provided with a notch, but are simply cylindrical, and the tip is gradually plastically deformed by a method such as swing caulking. You may make it fold to the permanent magnet side over the periphery. In this case, the engaging portions 29 and 30 formed at the protruding ends of the outer frame 25 and the inner frame 26 are engaged with the peripheral edge portion of the magnetic pole surface of the permanent magnet 21 over the entire circumference, and cooperate with the flange portion 24. Thus, the permanent magnet 21 and the slinger 22 can be mechanically joined to each other more firmly.

また、上述した転がり軸受１０において、保持部材であるスリンガ２２は１個の部材として構成されているが、図８に示すように、フランジ部２４と外枠２５と係止爪２７と前記円筒部とを有する第１スリンガ部材２２ａ、および嵌合部２３と内枠２６と係止爪２８とを有する第２スリンガ部材２２ｂ、の別個の部材から構成するようにしてもよい。これにより、スリンガ２２において嵌合部２３と前記円筒部とが連続する屈曲部をなくし、フランジ部２４および永久磁石２１の軸に対する垂直度を容易に確保することができる。よって、保持部材の成形性を高めると共に、内輪１２の回転数（回転速度）を高精度に検出することができる。   Further, in the rolling bearing 10 described above, the slinger 22 as a holding member is configured as a single member, but as shown in FIG. 8, the flange portion 24, the outer frame 25, the locking claw 27, and the cylindrical portion. The first slinger member 22a having the above and the second slinger member 22b having the fitting portion 23, the inner frame 26, and the locking claw 28 may be configured separately. Thereby, the bending part in which the fitting part 23 and the said cylindrical part continue in the slinger 22 is lose | eliminated, and the perpendicularity with respect to the axis | shaft of the flange part 24 and the permanent magnet 21 can be ensured easily. Therefore, the moldability of the holding member can be improved, and the rotation speed (rotation speed) of the inner ring 12 can be detected with high accuracy.

さらに、図９および図１０に示すように、第２スリンガ部材２２ｂの係止爪２８の代替として、内枠２６の突端を予め略直角に折り曲げて半径方向外方に展開する鍔状の係止部３０を形成しておいてもよい。この場合、永久磁石２１が、まず、第１スリンガ部材２２ａのフランジ部２４に一方の磁極面を密着させた状態で外枠２５に嵌合する。そして、外枠２５の係止爪２７が永久磁石２１の他方の磁極面の外径側周縁部に係合するように折り曲げられて加締められる。その後、第２スリンガ部材２２ｂが圧入され、内枠２６の係止部３０が永久磁石２１の他方の磁極面の内径側周縁部に係合する。よって、係止爪２７および係止部３０がフランジ部２４と協働して永久磁石２１を狭持するように加締められ、永久磁石２１とスリンガ２２とが機械的に接合される。これにより、係止爪２８を形成するために内枠２６に複数の切欠きを設ける必要がなく、第２スリンガ部材２２ｂの成形性を向上させることができる。   Further, as shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10, as an alternative to the locking claw 28 of the second slinger member 22b, a hook-shaped locking that bends the protruding end of the inner frame 26 in a substantially right angle and expands outward in the radial direction. The part 30 may be formed. In this case, the permanent magnet 21 is first fitted to the outer frame 25 with one magnetic pole face in close contact with the flange portion 24 of the first slinger member 22a. Then, the engaging claw 27 of the outer frame 25 is bent and crimped so as to engage with the outer peripheral side peripheral portion of the other magnetic pole surface of the permanent magnet 21. Thereafter, the second slinger member 22 b is press-fitted, and the locking portion 30 of the inner frame 26 is engaged with the inner peripheral side peripheral portion of the other magnetic pole surface of the permanent magnet 21. Therefore, the locking claw 27 and the locking portion 30 are crimped so as to sandwich the permanent magnet 21 in cooperation with the flange portion 24, and the permanent magnet 21 and the slinger 22 are mechanically joined. Thereby, it is not necessary to provide a plurality of notches in the inner frame 26 in order to form the locking claws 28, and the moldability of the second slinger member 22b can be improved.

また、図９に示すように、第１スリンガ部材２２ａの前記円筒部の軸方向端部から略直角に折り曲がって半径方向内方に展開する鍔状のストッパ部３１を設けてもよい。この場合、第２スリンガ部材２２ｂの嵌合部２３の軸方向長さは、第２スリンガ部材２２ｂが圧入され、係止部３０が永久磁石２１の磁極面の内径側周縁部に係合した際に、第２スリンガ部材２２ｂの嵌合部２３の突端がストッパ部３１に当接するように設定される。これにより、第２スリンガ部材２２ｂの過度の圧入を防ぎ、永久磁石２１の破損を防止することができる。   Moreover, as shown in FIG. 9, you may provide the hook-shaped stopper part 31 which bend | folds substantially perpendicularly from the axial direction edge part of the said cylindrical part of the 1st slinger member 22a, and expand | deploys radially inward. In this case, the axial length of the fitting portion 23 of the second slinger member 22b is determined when the second slinger member 22b is press-fitted and the locking portion 30 is engaged with the inner peripheral side peripheral portion of the magnetic pole surface of the permanent magnet 21. In addition, the protruding end of the fitting portion 23 of the second slinger member 22 b is set so as to contact the stopper portion 31. Thereby, excessive press-fitting of the second slinger member 22b can be prevented, and damage to the permanent magnet 21 can be prevented.

また、図１２に示すように、第１スリンガ部材２２ａの前記円筒部において、フランジ部２４に連続する軸方向端部を切削加工等により肉薄に成形して、内周面に円筒状の段部３２を設け、また、第２スリンガ部材２２ｂの嵌合部２３を、段部３２の外径と略等しい外径とし且つ段部３１の半径方向の幅と略等しい肉厚としてもよい。この場合、第２フランジ部２２ｂの嵌合部２３の軸方向長さは、第２スリンガ部材２２ｂが圧入され、係止部３０が永久磁石２１の磁極面の内径側周縁部に係合した際に、嵌合部２３の突端が段部３２に当接するように設定される。これにより、第２スリンガ部材２２ｂの過度の圧入を防ぎ、永久磁石２１の破損を防止することができると共に、エンコーダ２０の取り付け空間（換言すれば、外輪１１の内径および内輪１２の外径）が制限される場合に、永久磁石２１の半径方向の幅（面積）を大きくすることができる。   Also, as shown in FIG. 12, in the cylindrical portion of the first slinger member 22a, the axial end portion continuing to the flange portion 24 is thinly formed by cutting or the like, and a cylindrical step portion is formed on the inner peripheral surface. 32, and the fitting portion 23 of the second slinger member 22b may have an outer diameter substantially equal to the outer diameter of the step portion 32 and a wall thickness substantially equal to the radial width of the step portion 31. In this case, the axial length of the fitting portion 23 of the second flange portion 22 b is determined when the second slinger member 22 b is press-fitted and the locking portion 30 is engaged with the inner peripheral side peripheral portion of the magnetic pole surface of the permanent magnet 21. In addition, the protruding end of the fitting portion 23 is set so as to contact the stepped portion 32. Thereby, excessive press-fitting of the second slinger member 22b can be prevented, and the permanent magnet 21 can be prevented from being damaged, and the mounting space for the encoder 20 (in other words, the inner diameter of the outer ring 11 and the outer diameter of the inner ring 12) is increased. When limited, the width (area) of the permanent magnet 21 in the radial direction can be increased.

また、第１スリンガ部材２２ａの前記円筒部において、上述のようにフランジ部２４と接続する一方の軸方向端部を切削加工等により肉薄に形成することに替えて、図１３に示すように、フランジ部２４と接続する軸方向端部が大径となるように、絞り加工等により段付きに成形して段部３２を形成してもよい。   Further, in the cylindrical portion of the first slinger member 22a, instead of forming one axial end portion connected to the flange portion 24 thinly by cutting or the like as described above, as shown in FIG. The step portion 32 may be formed by being stepped by drawing or the like so that the axial end portion connected to the flange portion 24 has a large diameter.

また、図１４に示すように、第１スリンガ部材２２ａのみで永久磁石２１を保持してもよい。即ち、永久磁石２１は、第１スリンガ部材２２ａのフランジ部２４と係止爪２７とにより狭持されて、保持されている。これにより、保持部材が１個で済み、係止爪の加締も永久磁石２１の外径側周縁部のみでよいため、永久磁石２１と保持部材との一体化が容易となると共に、エンコーダ２０の取り付け空間が制限される場合に、永久磁石２１の半径方向の幅（面積）をさらに大きくすることができる。好ましくは、永久磁石２１の一方の磁極面とフランジ部２４とは接着材等を用いて接合される。   Further, as shown in FIG. 14, the permanent magnet 21 may be held only by the first slinger member 22a. That is, the permanent magnet 21 is held and held by the flange portion 24 and the locking claw 27 of the first slinger member 22a. As a result, only one holding member is required, and only the outer peripheral side peripheral portion of the permanent magnet 21 needs to be fastened with the locking claw. Therefore, the permanent magnet 21 and the holding member can be easily integrated, and the encoder 20 When the mounting space is limited, the radial width (area) of the permanent magnet 21 can be further increased. Preferably, one magnetic pole surface of the permanent magnet 21 and the flange portion 24 are joined using an adhesive or the like.

上述した実施形態においては、スリンガ２２を永久磁石２１の保持部材としてエンコーダ２０を構成するようにしたので、密封装置とエンコーダとでスリンガを共有して転がり軸受の部品点数を削減することができる。   In the embodiment described above, the encoder 20 is configured by using the slinger 22 as the holding member for the permanent magnet 21, so that the sealing device and the encoder can share the slinger and reduce the number of parts of the rolling bearing.

（第２実施形態）
次に、図１５を参照して、本発明の第２実施形態であるエンコーダを備えたハブユニットを説明する。尚、前述の転がり軸受１０と共通する構成部分の説明は同一符号を付すことで簡略化あるいは省略する。 (Second Embodiment)
Next, with reference to FIG. 15, the hub unit provided with the encoder which is 2nd Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated. In addition, description of the component common to the above-mentioned rolling bearing 10 is simplified or abbreviate | omitted by attaching | subjecting the same code | symbol.

ハブユニット１０２は、ハブ１０７の取り付けフランジ１１２に固定された不図示の駆動輪を回転自在に支持するものであり、ハブ１０７の取付フランジ１１２とは他方の端部は不図示の駆動装置に接続されている。外輪部材１０５の内周面には、互いに平行な２列の外輪軌道１１０ａ，１１０ｂが形成されており、また回転体であるハブ１０７及び内輪部材１０６の外周面には、外輪軌道１１０ａ，１１０ｂにそれぞれ対向する内輪軌道１１４ａ，１１４ｂが形成されている。外輪軌道１１０ａと内輪軌道１１４ａとの隙間、および外輪軌道１１０ｂと内輪軌道１１４ｂとの隙間には、保持器１１８，１１８によって円周方向に等間隔に保持された複数の玉列１１７，１１７がそれぞれ転動自在に配置されている。外輪部材１０５と内輪部材１０６との隙間において、玉列１１７に関して車輪側とは反対側（即ち、車両側）の開口端部には、内輪部材１０６の外周面に固定されたスリンガ２２と、外輪部材１０５の内周面に固定された前記シール部材と、から構成された密封装置が組み付けられており、さらにスリンガ２２を永久磁石２１の保持部材としたエンコーダ２０が配置されている。そして、軸受外方に露出した永久磁石２１の前記磁極面に対向してセンサ１８が配置されており、センサ１８により磁束密度の変化を検出することにより車輪の回転数を検出している。   The hub unit 102 rotatably supports a driving wheel (not shown) fixed to a mounting flange 112 of the hub 107, and the other end of the hub 107 is connected to a driving device (not shown). Has been. Two rows of outer ring raceways 110a and 110b that are parallel to each other are formed on the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring member 105, and the outer ring raceways 110a and 110b are formed on the outer peripheral surfaces of the hub 107 and the inner ring member 106 that are rotating bodies. Opposing inner ring raceways 114a and 114b are formed. In the gap between the outer ring raceway 110a and the inner ring raceway 114a, and the gap between the outer ring raceway 110b and the inner ring raceway 114b, a plurality of ball rows 117 and 117 held at equal intervals in the circumferential direction by the cages 118 and 118, respectively. It is arranged to roll freely. In the gap between the outer ring member 105 and the inner ring member 106, a slinger 22 fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring member 106 and an outer ring are provided at the opening end of the ball row 117 opposite to the wheel side (that is, the vehicle side). A sealing device composed of the sealing member fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the member 105 is assembled, and an encoder 20 using the slinger 22 as a holding member for the permanent magnet 21 is disposed. A sensor 18 is disposed opposite to the magnetic pole surface of the permanent magnet 21 exposed to the outside of the bearing, and the rotation speed of the wheel is detected by detecting a change in magnetic flux density by the sensor 18.

尚、図１６に示すように、ハブユニット１０２を従動輪に適用した場合には、エンコーダ２０が設けられた前記開口端部（車両側の開口端部）は、外輪部材１０５に内嵌したハブキャップ１２５により密封されるので、スリンガ２２に摺接する前記シール部材を別途設ける必要はなく、単独で使用されるスリンガ２２を永久磁石２１の保持部材としもよい。さらには、前記開口端部がハブキャップ１２５により密封されるので、遠心力により油やごみを飛ばし且つポンプの作用をして油の流出とごみの侵入を防ぐというスリンガの機能を必ずしも必要とせず、よって、永久磁石２１の保持部材は、上述したような構造（例えば，係止爪や枠など）により永久磁石２１を加締めることができるものであればよく、スリンガ２２に限定されるものではない。   As shown in FIG. 16, when the hub unit 102 is applied to a driven wheel, the opening end portion (opening end portion on the vehicle side) where the encoder 20 is provided is a hub fitted inside the outer ring member 105. Since it is sealed by the cap 125, it is not necessary to separately provide the sealing member that is in sliding contact with the slinger 22, and the slinger 22 that is used alone may be a holding member for the permanent magnet 21. Furthermore, since the opening end portion is sealed by the hub cap 125, it does not necessarily require the function of a slinger that blows off oil and dust by centrifugal force and acts as a pump to prevent oil outflow and dust intrusion. Therefore, the holding member for the permanent magnet 21 may be any member as long as the permanent magnet 21 can be crimped by the above-described structure (for example, a locking claw or a frame), and is not limited to the slinger 22. Absent.

（第３実施形態）
次に、図１７から図２０を参照して、本発明の第３実施形態であるエンコーダを備えたハブユニットを説明する。尚、第２実施形態のハブユニット１０２と共通する構成部分の説明は同一符号を付すことで簡略化あるいは省略する。 (Third embodiment)
Next, a hub unit including an encoder according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In addition, description of the component which is common in the hub unit 102 of 2nd Embodiment is simplified or abbreviate | omitted by attaching | subjecting the same code | symbol.

ハブユニット１０２は、ハブ１０７の取り付けフランジ１１２に固定された不図示の車輪を回転自在に支持するものである。外輪１０５の内周面には、互いに平行な２列の外輪軌道１１０ａ，１１０ｂが形成されており、また回転体であるハブ１０７及び内輪部材１０６の外周面には、外輪軌道１１０ａ，１１０ｂにそれぞれ対向する内輪軌道１１４ａ，１１４ｂが形成されている。外輪軌道１１０ａと内輪軌道１１４ａとの隙間、および外輪軌道１１０ｂと内輪軌道１１４ｂとの隙間には、保持器１１８，１１８によって円周方向に等間隔に保持された複数の玉列１１７，１１７がそれぞれ転動自在に配置されている。玉列１１７，１１７の間において、エンコーダ４０がハブ１０７の外周面に配置されている。   The hub unit 102 rotatably supports a wheel (not shown) fixed to the mounting flange 112 of the hub 107. Two rows of outer ring raceways 110a and 110b that are parallel to each other are formed on the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 105, and the outer ring raceways 110a and 110b are respectively provided on the outer peripheral surfaces of the hub 107 and the inner ring member 106 that are rotating bodies. Opposing inner ring raceways 114a and 114b are formed. In the gap between the outer ring raceway 110a and the inner ring raceway 114a, and the gap between the outer ring raceway 110b and the inner ring raceway 114b, a plurality of ball rows 117 and 117 held at equal intervals in the circumferential direction by the cages 118 and 118, respectively. It is arranged to roll freely. The encoder 40 is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the hub 107 between the ball rows 117 and 117.

エンコーダ４０は、永久磁石４１と保持部材４２から構成されており、永久磁石４１は、磁性粉と該磁性粉のバインダとして熱可塑性樹脂とを含み且つ磁性粉を６０〜８０体積％の範囲で適宜含有した磁石材料を円筒状に射出成形したものであり、円周方向にＮ極とＳ極とが交互に（即ち、多極に）着磁されている。永久磁石４１の射出成形の際には、中心から半径方向に磁場がかけられており、永久磁石４１中の磁性粉は半径方向に配向されている。よって、永久磁石４１はラジアル異方性とされており、内周面および外周面に一対の磁極面を有している。   The encoder 40 includes a permanent magnet 41 and a holding member 42. The permanent magnet 41 includes magnetic powder and a thermoplastic resin as a binder of the magnetic powder, and the magnetic powder is appropriately contained in a range of 60 to 80% by volume. The magnet material contained is injection-molded into a cylindrical shape, and N poles and S poles are alternately magnetized in the circumferential direction (that is, multipolar). In the injection molding of the permanent magnet 41, a magnetic field is applied in the radial direction from the center, and the magnetic powder in the permanent magnet 41 is oriented in the radial direction. Therefore, the permanent magnet 41 has radial anisotropy, and has a pair of magnetic pole surfaces on the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface.

保持部材４２は、磁性金属材料を円筒状に形成したものであり、軸方向中央部には、内周面においてハブ１０７の外周面と嵌合し、且つ外周面において永久磁石４１の内周面と嵌合する嵌合部４３を有している。また、保持部材４２の軸方向両側の端部にはそれぞれ円周方向に等間隔に複数の切欠きが設けられており、複数の係止爪４４，４５が軸方向に突出するように形成されている。   The holding member 42 is formed of a magnetic metal material in a cylindrical shape. The holding member 42 is fitted to the outer peripheral surface of the hub 107 on the inner peripheral surface at the center in the axial direction, and the inner peripheral surface of the permanent magnet 41 on the outer peripheral surface. And a fitting portion 43 to be fitted. Further, a plurality of notches are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction at both ends of the holding member 42 in the axial direction, and a plurality of locking claws 44 and 45 are formed so as to protrude in the axial direction. ing.

永久磁石４１は、保持部材４２の一方の軸方向端部から挿入され、内径側の磁極面を嵌合部４３の外周面に密着させた状態で、保持部材４２に仮支持される。そして、係止爪４４，４５が、永久磁石４１の外径側の磁極面の周縁部にそれぞれ係合するように折り曲げられ、さらに加締められる。これにより、永久磁石４１は保持部材４２の嵌合部４３と係止爪４４，４５とにより狭持され、永久磁石４１と保持部材４２とが機械的に接合されている。   The permanent magnet 41 is inserted from one axial end of the holding member 42, and is temporarily supported by the holding member 42 in a state where the magnetic pole surface on the inner diameter side is in close contact with the outer peripheral surface of the fitting portion 43. Then, the locking claws 44 and 45 are bent so as to engage with the peripheral edge of the magnetic pole surface on the outer diameter side of the permanent magnet 41, and further crimped. Thus, the permanent magnet 41 is held between the fitting portion 43 of the holding member 42 and the locking claws 44 and 45, and the permanent magnet 41 and the holding member 42 are mechanically joined.

永久磁石４１と一体とされた保持部材４２は、嵌合部４３をハブ１０７の外周面に嵌着させて、ハブ１０７と共に回転する。よって、ハブ１０７が一回転する間に、永久磁石４１近傍の一点における磁束密度は、永久磁石４１の極数に対応したピーク数を有して周期的に変化する。そして、永久磁石４１の外周側の磁極面と半径方向に対向して配置されたセンサ１８により磁束密度の変化を検出してハブ１０７（または、車輪）の回転数を検出する。   The holding member 42 integrated with the permanent magnet 41 rotates together with the hub 107 with the fitting portion 43 fitted on the outer peripheral surface of the hub 107. Therefore, the magnetic flux density at one point in the vicinity of the permanent magnet 41 periodically changes with the number of peaks corresponding to the number of poles of the permanent magnet 41 while the hub 107 rotates once. And the change of magnetic flux density is detected by the sensor 18 arranged facing the magnetic pole surface on the outer peripheral side of the permanent magnet 41 in the radial direction, and the rotational speed of the hub 107 (or wheel) is detected.

尚、上述したハブユニット１０２において、保持部材４２の軸方向両側の端部に、円周方向に等間隔に切欠きを設けて複数の係止爪４４，４５をそれぞれ形成し、係止爪４４，４５を折り曲げて加締める構成としているが、これに限定されるものではない。例えば、保持部材４２の一方の軸方向端部を、予め半径方向外方に１８０度屈曲させ断面略Ｕ字形の円環状に形成しておき、円環状の凹部に永久磁石４１の一方の軸方向端部を嵌合させて仮支持し、その後、保持部材４２の他方の軸方向端部に形成された係止爪を折り曲げてもよい。これにより、仮支持における永久磁石４１の位置決めが容易となる。尚、この場合、保持部材４２の断面略Ｕ字形の円環状に形成される一方の軸方向端部には切欠きを設けなくともよく、さらに、図２１および図２２に示すように、他方の軸方向端部にも切欠きを設けずに、揺動加締め等の方法によりその突端を徐々に塑性変形させ、全周に亘って永久磁石側に折りこむようにしてもよい。この場合、保持部材４２の軸方向両側の端部が、永久磁石４１の外径側の磁極面の周縁部に全周に亘って係合し、嵌合部４３と協働して永久磁石４１を狭持するように加締められるので、永久磁石４１と保持部材４２とをより強固に機械的に接合することができる。   In the hub unit 102 described above, a plurality of locking claws 44, 45 are formed by providing notches at equal intervals in the circumferential direction at both axial ends of the holding member 42. 45 are bent and crimped, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, one axial end of the holding member 42 is bent 180 degrees radially outward in advance to form an annular shape having a substantially U-shaped cross section, and one axial direction of the permanent magnet 41 is formed in the annular recess. The end portions may be fitted and temporarily supported, and then the locking claws formed at the other axial end portion of the holding member 42 may be bent. Thereby, positioning of the permanent magnet 41 in temporary support becomes easy. In this case, it is not necessary to provide a notch in one axial end portion of the holding member 42 that is formed in an annular shape having a substantially U-shaped cross section. Further, as shown in FIGS. Instead of providing a notch at the end in the axial direction, the tip may be gradually plastically deformed by a method such as swing caulking, and may be folded to the permanent magnet side over the entire circumference. In this case, both end portions of the holding member 42 in the axial direction are engaged with the peripheral edge portion of the magnetic pole surface on the outer diameter side of the permanent magnet 41 over the entire circumference, and the permanent magnet 41 cooperates with the fitting portion 43. Therefore, the permanent magnet 41 and the holding member 42 can be mechanically joined to each other more firmly.

次に、本発明に基づいて製作したエンコーダを説明する。   Next, an encoder manufactured according to the present invention will be described.

実施例１から実施例４のエンコーダの構成を表１に示す。実施例１から実施例４のエンコーダの永久磁石は、厚さ方向に磁場をかけた状態で円筒状に射出成形されたもので、アキシャル異方性とされており、円周方向にＮ極とＳ極とを交互に計９６極に着磁されている。そして、上述した保持部材の構成により、永久磁石と保持部材とが一体とされている。   Table 1 shows the configuration of the encoders according to the first to fourth embodiments. The permanent magnets of the encoders of the first to fourth embodiments are injection-molded into a cylindrical shape with a magnetic field applied in the thickness direction, and are axially anisotropic, and have N poles in the circumferential direction. The south pole and the south pole are alternately magnetized to a total of 96 poles. And the permanent magnet and the holding member are united by the structure of the holding member mentioned above.

Figure 2005274436
Figure 2005274436

実施例５および実施例６のエンコーダの構成を表２に示す。実施例５および実施例６のエンコーダの永久磁石は、半径方向に磁場をかけた状態で円筒状に射出成形されたもので、ラジアル異方性とされており、円周方向にＮ極とＳ極とを交互に計９６極に着磁されている。そして、上述した保持部材の構成により、永久磁石と保持部材とが一体とされている。   Table 2 shows the configurations of the encoders of the fifth and sixth embodiments. The permanent magnets of the encoders of the fifth and sixth embodiments are injection-molded in a cylindrical shape with a magnetic field applied in the radial direction, and have radial anisotropy, and have N poles and S in the circumferential direction. A total of 96 poles are alternately magnetized. And the permanent magnet and the holding member are united by the structure of the holding member mentioned above.

Figure 2005274436
Figure 2005274436

実施例１から実施例６のいずれにおいても、回転試験において永久磁石が保持部材から脱落することはなかった。尚、磁性粉の含有量によっては、従来では２０ｍＴ程度であった磁束密度を２６ｍＴ以上に向上させることが可能である。よって、永久磁石とセンサとのエアギャップを従来と同様に１ｍｍとした場合に、従来では９６極に多極磁化されていた永久磁石を、一極当たりの磁束を維持して１２０極以上に多極磁化することが可能である。この時、単一ピッチ誤差は±２％以下とできる。即ち、本発明に係るエンコーダによれば、従来と同等のエアギャップとした場合に、永久磁石の極数を増加させて車輪の回転速度の検出精度を向上させることができる。また、永久磁石を従来と同数の極数とした場合に、エアギャップを大きくとることができ、センサを配置する際の自由度を向上させることができる。   In any of Example 1 to Example 6, the permanent magnet did not fall off the holding member in the rotation test. Depending on the content of the magnetic powder, the magnetic flux density, which was conventionally about 20 mT, can be improved to 26 mT or more. Therefore, when the air gap between the permanent magnet and the sensor is set to 1 mm as in the conventional case, the permanent magnet that has been multipolarly magnetized to 96 poles in the past is increased to 120 poles or more while maintaining the magnetic flux per pole. Polar magnetization is possible. At this time, the single pitch error can be ± 2% or less. That is, according to the encoder of the present invention, when the air gap is the same as that of the prior art, the number of poles of the permanent magnet can be increased and the detection accuracy of the rotational speed of the wheel can be improved. In addition, when the permanent magnet has the same number of poles as the conventional one, the air gap can be made large, and the degree of freedom in arranging the sensor can be improved.

本発明に係る第１実施形態であるエンコーダを備えた転がり軸受の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the rolling bearing provided with the encoder which is 1st Embodiment which concerns on this invention. 図１における点線円IIで囲まれた部分の拡大断面図である。FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a portion surrounded by a dotted circle II in FIG. 図３は図１に示すエンコーダの平面図である。FIG. 3 is a plan view of the encoder shown in FIG. 図３におけるIV-IV矢視断面図である。FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IV-IV in FIG. 3. 図１におけるエンコーダの永久磁石の斜視図であり且つ永久磁石の着磁パターンを示す模式図である。It is a perspective view of the permanent magnet of the encoder in FIG. 1, and is a schematic diagram which shows the magnetization pattern of a permanent magnet. 図１におけるエンコーダの変形例の平面図である。It is a top view of the modification of the encoder in FIG. 図６におけるVII-VII矢視断面図である。It is a VII-VII arrow sectional view in Drawing 6. 図１におけるエンコーダの変形例の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the modification of the encoder in FIG. 図８におけるエンコーダの変形例の平面図である。It is a top view of the modification of the encoder in FIG. 図９におけるX-X矢視断面図である。FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XX in FIG. 9. 図１０におけるエンコーダの変形例の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the modification of the encoder in FIG. 図１０におけるエンコーダの変形例の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the modification of the encoder in FIG. 図１０におけるエンコーダの変形例の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the modification of the encoder in FIG. 図１におけるエンコーダの変形例の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the modification of the encoder in FIG. 本発明に係る第２実施形態であるエンコーダを備えた車輪用軸受の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the bearing for wheels provided with the encoder which is 2nd Embodiment which concerns on this invention. 図１５におけるエンコーダを備えた車輪用軸受の変形例を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the modification of the wheel bearing provided with the encoder in FIG. 本発明に係る第３の実施形態であるエンコーダを備えた車輪用軸受の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the bearing for wheels provided with the encoder which is 3rd Embodiment which concerns on this invention. 図１７おけるエンコーダの平面図である。It is a top view of the encoder in FIG. 図１８におけるIXX-IXX矢視断面図である。It is IXX-IXX arrow sectional drawing in FIG. 図１７におけるエンコーダの永久磁石の斜視図であり且つ永久磁石の着磁パターンを示す模式図である。FIG. 18 is a perspective view of a permanent magnet of the encoder in FIG. 17 and a schematic diagram showing a magnetization pattern of the permanent magnet. 図１７におけるエンコーダの変形例の平面図である。It is a top view of the modification of the encoder in FIG. 図２１におけるXXII-XXII矢視断面図である。It is XXII-XXII arrow sectional drawing in FIG. 従来の車輪回転数検出装置の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the conventional wheel rotation speed detection apparatus.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１０ 転がり軸受
１１ 外輪（固定輪）
１２ 内輪（回転輪）
１３ 玉（転動体）
２０ エンコーダ
２１ 永久磁石
２２ スリンガ（保持部材）
２４ フランジ部（支持部）
２７ 係止爪
２８ 係止爪 10 Rolling bearings 11 Outer ring (fixed ring)
12 Inner ring (rotating wheel)
13 balls (rolling elements)
20 Encoder 21 Permanent magnet 22 Slinger (holding member)
24 Flange part (support part)
27 Claw 28 Claw

Claims (4)

円筒状に形成され且つ円周方向に多極に着磁された永久磁石と、前記永久磁石を保持する保持部材と、を備え、
前記永久磁石と前記保持部材とが、加締められて一体とされていることを特徴とするエンコーダ。 A permanent magnet formed in a cylindrical shape and magnetized in multiple directions in the circumferential direction, and a holding member for holding the permanent magnet,
The encoder, wherein the permanent magnet and the holding member are crimped and integrated. 前記永久磁石が、磁性粉と、該磁性粉のバインダとして熱可塑性樹脂と、を含む磁石材料から形成されていることを特徴とする請求項１に記載のエンコーダ。   The encoder according to claim 1, wherein the permanent magnet is made of a magnetic material including magnetic powder and a thermoplastic resin as a binder of the magnetic powder. 前記永久磁石が、前記磁性粉を６０〜８０体積％含有していることを特徴とする請求項２に記載のエンコーダ。   The encoder according to claim 2, wherein the permanent magnet contains 60 to 80% by volume of the magnetic powder. 固定輪と、回転輪と、前記固定輪及び前記回転輪の間で周方向に転動自在に配設された複数の転動体と、前記回転輪と共に回転するよう設けられたエンコーダと、を備える転がり軸受であって、
前記エンコーダが請求項１から請求項３のいずれかに記載のエンコーダであることを特徴とする転がり軸受。 A fixed wheel, a rotating wheel, a plurality of rolling elements disposed so as to be rotatable in a circumferential direction between the fixed wheel and the rotating wheel, and an encoder provided to rotate together with the rotating wheel. A rolling bearing,
The rolling bearing according to claim 1, wherein the encoder is the encoder according to claim 1.
JP2004089759A 2004-03-25 2004-03-25 Encoder and rolling bearing equipped with encoder concerned Pending JP2005274436A (en)

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005321330A (en) * 2004-05-11 2005-11-17 Uchiyama Mfg Corp Sealing ring with tone wheel
WO2008041474A1 (en) * 2006-10-03 2008-04-10 Ntn Corporation Magnetic encoder and rolling bearing
JP2008128399A (en) * 2006-11-22 2008-06-05 Ntn Corp Rolling bearing
JP2008128718A (en) * 2006-11-17 2008-06-05 Ntn Corp Magnetic encoder and rolling bearing
DE102008033360A1 (en) 2007-07-20 2009-02-05 Uchiyama Manufacturing Corp. Method for producing a pole wheel
DE102007050258A1 (en) * 2007-10-20 2009-04-23 Valeo Schalter Und Sensoren Gmbh Ring magnet for use in rotation angle or torque sensor arrangement at steering shaft in motor vehicle, has magnet particles located on carrier, and geometry embedded with recess into casing, which encloses areas in direction of surface
WO2014168091A1 (en) 2013-04-09 2014-10-16 Ntn株式会社 Magnetic encoder and production method therefor
EP2626987A3 (en) * 2012-02-07 2017-04-12 LG Innotek Co., Ltd. Sensing magnet apparatus for motor
JP2018502295A (en) * 2014-12-30 2018-01-25 エルジー イノテック カンパニー リミテッド Torque sensor module and steering angle sensing device including the same

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JPH06331384A (en) * 1993-05-20 1994-12-02 Daido Steel Co Ltd Wheel arrangement structure of ring magnet
JP2004037441A (en) * 2003-01-08 2004-02-05 Ntn Corp Magnetic encoder and wheel bearing using it

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH06331384A (en) * 1993-05-20 1994-12-02 Daido Steel Co Ltd Wheel arrangement structure of ring magnet
JP2004037441A (en) * 2003-01-08 2004-02-05 Ntn Corp Magnetic encoder and wheel bearing using it

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005321330A (en) * 2004-05-11 2005-11-17 Uchiyama Mfg Corp Sealing ring with tone wheel
WO2008041474A1 (en) * 2006-10-03 2008-04-10 Ntn Corporation Magnetic encoder and rolling bearing
JP2008128718A (en) * 2006-11-17 2008-06-05 Ntn Corp Magnetic encoder and rolling bearing
JP2008128399A (en) * 2006-11-22 2008-06-05 Ntn Corp Rolling bearing
DE102008033360A1 (en) 2007-07-20 2009-02-05 Uchiyama Manufacturing Corp. Method for producing a pole wheel
DE102007050258A1 (en) * 2007-10-20 2009-04-23 Valeo Schalter Und Sensoren Gmbh Ring magnet for use in rotation angle or torque sensor arrangement at steering shaft in motor vehicle, has magnet particles located on carrier, and geometry embedded with recess into casing, which encloses areas in direction of surface
EP2626987A3 (en) * 2012-02-07 2017-04-12 LG Innotek Co., Ltd. Sensing magnet apparatus for motor
WO2014168091A1 (en) 2013-04-09 2014-10-16 Ntn株式会社 Magnetic encoder and production method therefor
CN105122011A (en) * 2013-04-09 2015-12-02 Ntn株式会社 Magnetic encoder and production method therefor
JP2018502295A (en) * 2014-12-30 2018-01-25 エルジー イノテック カンパニー リミテッド Torque sensor module and steering angle sensing device including the same

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