JP2005272202A - Lightweight mortar - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a lightweight mortar which contains a binder and a filler and has the volume enlarged after kneading. <P>SOLUTION: The lightweight mortar having a wetting time of 47 seconds is kneaded with the kneading water, a part of which infiltrates into other fillers, lightweight aggregate and binders, and the rest of which, as illustrated in the figure, does not infiltrates into precipitated calcium carbonate 1(one coated on the surface with stearic acid) as an unwettable filler but sheds water and then is successively kneaded, resulting in that the kneading water 2 is dispersed and surrounded with the unwettable filler to thereby have nowhere to go and not to thereby infiltrate into other fillers, lightweight aggregate and binders acting like a kind of a filler, therefore the lightweight mortar requires a large amount of the kneading water 2 in order to obtain the satisfactory flowability enough to wet these other fillers, lightweight aggregate and binders and to apply the lightweight mortar, consequently comes to have the enlarged volume. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a lightweight mortar containing a binder and a filler among mortars used for walls, roofs, floors, ceilings, columns, beams and the like of buildings.

  Conventional lightweight mortars include lightweight aggregates such as cement, gypsum and other specific materials that are lighter than inorganic hydraulic agents (for example, perlite, vermiculite, diatomaceous earth, shirasu balloon, expanded polystyrene resin, expanded polyethylene vinyl acetate copolymer resin). Etc.) to reduce the overall weight.

  These include 70 to 160 parts by weight of light aggregate (pulp sludge sand and the like) of 5 or less and 100 to 30 parts by weight of inorganic hydraulic substance powder (cements and the like) and 10 to 30 inorganic fine powder materials (PS sand and the like). There are those obtained by dry blending 0.2 parts by weight and 0.2 to 1.5 parts by weight of an inorganic thickener (for example, see Patent Document 1).

  The main component is glass powder having a particle size of 1.2 mm or less, a unit volume mass of 0.5 to 0.1 kg / l (liter), and an aggregate water absorption of 10% by weight or less with respect to 100 parts by weight of the calcareous raw material. There is a product obtained by mixing 4 to 50 parts by weight of the granulated fired product (for example, see Patent Document 2).

  Further, cement, lightweight aggregate partially or wholly dry, inorganic material having a particle size smaller than the cement, organic material, water reducing agent dispersible in the heat insulating lightweight mortar, and various kinds as required There exists what mix | blends an additive (agent) (for example, refer patent document 3).

  However, since these lightweight mortars are lightened by containing lightweight aggregates, the bulk specific gravity in the dry state before kneading is small, and when the same volume of powder is kneaded, the increase in volume is small, There was a problem that the workable area was small. At the same time, when packing a constant weight, the volume of the packing material has to be increased, which is economically disadvantageous, and also causes a problem that a large amount of material cannot be transported at one time.

  In addition, there is a method of reducing the weight of the mortar by adding a foaming agent or an expanding agent such as dipkar, surfactant, etc., but in this case, after kneading, bubbles repel with time, and the kneading specific gravity is increased. As it increases, there is a problem that the fluidity of the mortar itself decreases (so-called “tightening” occurs).

JP-A-10-167795 (pages 2 and 3) JP-A-10-101400 (pages 2 to 3) JP 2001-294468 A (pages 2 to 3)

  The problem to be solved is that in a lightweight mortar containing a binder and a filler, the increase in the volume of the lightweight mortar after kneading is small, so the area that can be applied when the same volume of powder is kneaded There are few points.

  The most important feature of the invention described in claim 1 is that it contains a binder and a non-wetting filler.

  The invention described in claim 2 is characterized in that, in the invention described in claim 1, the non-wetting filler is a surface covering filler whose surface is coated with a fatty acid.

  The invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that, in the invention according to claim 1 or claim 2, the fatty acid is a saturated fatty acid having 12 to 22 carbon atoms.

  The invention according to claim 4 is characterized in that, in the invention according to claims 1 to 3, the substrate component of the surface coating filler is light (soft) calcium carbonate.

  The invention according to claim 5 is characterized in that, in the inventions according to claims 1 to 3, the main component of the surface coating filler is aluminum hydroxide.

  According to the lightweight mortar of the invention described in claim 1, since the amount of kneading water required to obtain sufficient fluidity is increased in the lightweight mortar containing the binder and the filler, the volume of the lightweight mortar after kneading. There is an advantage that the amount of increase is large.

  According to the lightweight mortar of the invention described in claim 2, in addition to the effect of the invention described in claim 1, there is an advantage of excellent non-wetting.

  According to the lightweight mortar of the invention described in claim 3, in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 1 or claim 2, when the lightweight mortar is allowed to stand for a long time after kneading, “foaming” of the foam “ There is an advantage that “tightening” can be prevented.

  According to the lightweight mortar of the invention described in claim 4, in addition to the effects of the invention described in claims 1 to 3, there is an advantage that the volume of the lightweight mortar after kneading can be further increased.

  According to the light weight mortar of the invention described in claim 5, in addition to the effects of the invention described in claims 1 to 3, there is an advantage of having excellent fire resistance.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In addition, in this invention, a lightweight mortar means the thing containing a binder and a filler and the kneading specific gravity is 1.6 kg / liter or less.

The composition of the lightweight mortar powder of the present invention is, for example, as follows.
Composition example of lightweight mortar: 100 parts by weight of light (soft) calcium carbonate as a non-wettable filler (surface coated with stearic acid as a fatty acid), aluminum hydroxide as a non-wettable filler (surface with a fatty acid) 100 parts by weight, 100 parts by weight of silica sand as a wettable filler, 100 parts by weight of ordinary Portland cement as a binder, 100 parts by weight of vermiculite as a lightweight aggregate, poly as a water absorbing resin 5 parts by weight of sodium acrylate, 5 parts by weight of powdered resin, 10 parts by weight of glass fibers as fibers, and 5 parts by weight of thickener.

  The filler refers to a powdery or granular material having a particle diameter of 2 mm or less, and is used to fill a gap between a mortar binder and an aggregate. Typical fillers include, for example, heavy calcium carbonate, light (soft) calcium carbonate, colloidal calcium carbonate, calcium carbonate such as pulverized calcium carbonate, silica sand, silica powder, glass beads, synthetic silica, diatomaceous earth, calcium silicate, Attapulgite, asbestos, acetylene black, iron oxide, furnace black, graphite powder, silicon nitride, silicon carbide, antimony trioxide, molybdenum disulfide, magnesium hydroxide, magnesium oxide, basic magnesium carbonate, pyrophyllite, hydrotalcite, Alumina, zirconium oxide, aluminum hydroxide, bentonite, zeolite, kaolin clay, sericite, mica, calcium sulfate, zirconium silicate, calcium sulfite, titanium oxide, potassium titanate, barium sulfate, barium carbonate Um, barium titanate, and zinc oxide.

  The lightweight mortar needs to contain a non-wetting filler. Here, the non-wetting filler refers to a filler whose surface is difficult to wet with water, and examples thereof include graphite powder and silicon carbide. Moreover, you may use what coat | covered the surface of the wettable filler with non-wettable materials, such as a fatty acid.

  When the lightweight mortar contains a non-wetting filler, the powder of the lightweight mortar before kneading becomes difficult to wet with water. When the powder is kneaded with kneading water, part of the powder penetrates into other fillers, lightweight aggregates, binders and the like. As shown in FIG. 1, the remaining kneaded water does not permeate light calcium carbonate (non-wetting filler) 1 (surface coated with stearic acid) and is water repellent. By continuing the kneading, the kneading water 2 is dispersed, surrounded by the non-wetting filler, loses its place, behaves like a kind of filler, and penetrates other fillers, lightweight aggregates, binders, etc. do not do. Therefore, a large amount of kneading water 2 is required in order to obtain sufficient fluidity to wet these other fillers, lightweight aggregates, binders, etc. and to apply lightweight mortar. As a result, the volume of the lightweight mortar after kneading increases, and the workable area can be increased when the same volume of the light mortar powder before kneading is used. In addition, the bulk specific gravity in the dry state before kneading is large compared to the lightweight mortar that realizes weight reduction by including only the lightweight aggregate, so the volume of the packaging material when packing a constant weight is small, It is economically advantageous and can carry a large amount of lightweight mortar powder at a time.

  As an index for measuring the resistance of the lightweight mortar powder to water, it is not commonly used by those skilled in the art, but it is proposed in the present invention as being easily reproducible using a well-known technique. A measurement of wet time is mentioned. The wetting time means that when 100 ml of light mortar powder is filled in a circular bottom cylindrical container having a diameter of 3 cm and 10 ml of water is poured and left to stand, the water completely penetrates into the light mortar powder. Time is good. Powders that are easily wetted with water penetrate faster, and powders that are less wettable take longer to penetrate.

  The wet time of the lightweight mortar powder is preferably 10 seconds to 600 seconds, more preferably 15 seconds to 500 seconds, and most preferably 20 seconds to 400 seconds. When it is in this range, when the light mortar powder is mixed with the kneaded water 2, the non-wetting filler in the composition of the light mortar is repellent because it is difficult to wet with water. By continuing the kneading, the kneading water 2 is dispersed, surrounded by the non-wetting filler, loses its place, behaves like a kind of filler, and penetrates other fillers, lightweight aggregates, binders, etc. do not do. Therefore, a large amount of kneading water 2 is required in order to obtain sufficient fluidity to wet these other fillers, lightweight aggregates, binders, etc. and to apply lightweight mortar. As a result, the volume of the lightweight mortar can be increased. When the wetting time is less than 10 seconds, the light weight mortar powder is too wet with water, so that a sufficient amount of fluidity is obtained with a small amount of the kneading water 2 and the volume is not increased sufficiently. On the other hand, if it exceeds 600 seconds, the filler does not get wet with water, so that the kneading itself becomes difficult.

  The kneading means imparting appropriate fluidity and integrity as a mortar to the lightweight mortar by adding water to the dry lightweight mortar powder and mixing.

  The non-wetting filler is preferably a surface coating filler. The surface coating filler is a fatty acid such as stearic acid, an acid such as acrylic acid, sulfuric acid, acetic acid, phosphoric acid and its salt, a metal salt such as strontium salt and barium salt, silicate ester, water glass, urea. In addition, a surfactant, sodium polyacrylate, paraffin, titanium hydroxide sol and the like are added to control the wettability with respect to water. By using the surface coating filler, the characteristics of the base material component of the filler can be changed and new characteristics can be imparted. Here, the base material component of the filler refers to a filler whose surface is not coated, for example, calcium carbonate such as heavy calcium carbonate, soft (light) calcium carbonate, colloidal calcium carbonate, and pulverized calcium carbonate. , Silica sand, silica powder, glass beads, synthetic silica, diatomaceous earth, calcium silicate, attapulgite, asbestos, carbon black, acetylene black, iron oxide, furnace black, graphite powder, silicon nitride, silicon carbide, antimony trioxide, molybdenum disulfide , Magnesium hydroxide, magnesium oxide, basic magnesium carbonate, pyrophyllite, hydrotalcite, alumina, zirconium oxide, aluminum hydroxide, bentonite, zeolite, kaolin clay, sericite, mica, calcium sulfate, zirconium silicate, Calcium sulfate, titanium oxide, potassium titanate, barium sulfate, barium carbonate, barium titanate, and zinc oxide.

  The base material component is preferably soft (light) calcium carbonate. By using soft (light) calcium carbonate, the crystal structure is trigonal (calcite-type crystal structure). The volume of the can be further increased. Moreover, since the solubility in water is as low as 0.0014 at 25 ° C. and the true specific gravity is relatively light at 2.71, the water resistance and light weight of the mortar are excellent.

  In the case of imparting fire resistance to the lightweight mortar, it is preferable to use aluminum hydroxide as a base component. By using aluminum hydroxide, the endothermic amount is as large as about 1970 J / g, and excellent fire resistance can be obtained with a small amount of use.

  The non-wetting filler is preferably a surface covering filler whose surface is coated with a fatty acid. Since the non-wetting filler is a surface covering filler whose surface is coated with a fatty acid, the non-wetting property is excellent. In addition, a wettable filler that is easily wetted by water on the surface can be made non-wettable, so that a wettable component used as a lightweight mortar composition can be made a non-wettable filler. The volume of the lightweight mortar can be further increased.

The coating of the fatty acid on the filler surface is preferably accompanied by a chemical bond. The surface of the base material component of the filler and the fatty acid are chemically bonded and firmly bonded by a treatment such as heating, whereby the coating agent can be prevented from being detached when an external force is applied. As a result of the chemical bonding, a salt of fatty acid is bonded to the surface of the filler component. For example, as shown in [Chemical Formula 1], when the fatty acid is stearic acid and the base material component of the filler is light (soft) calcium carbonate, the light (soft) calcium carbonate in which the calcium stearate is trigonal is used. When the fatty acid is stearic acid and the filler component is aluminum hydroxide, the aluminum stearate is coordinated to the aluminum hydroxide crystal structure. When the fatty acid is not coated on the surface of the filler and is simply mixed, the kneaded water 2 is absorbed by the filler and the effect of increasing the volume is not sufficient.

  Examples of the fatty acid include butyric acid (carbon number = 4), caproic acid (carbon number = 6), caprylic acid (carbon number = 8), capric acid (carbon number = 10), lauric acid (carbon number = 12), Myristic acid (carbon number = 14), valmitic acid (carbon number = 16), stearic acid (carbon number = 18), oleic acid (carbon number = 18), linoleic acid (carbon number = 18), linolenic acid (carbon number) = 18), ricinolenic acid (carbon number = 18), and the like.

  The coating agent for coating the surface coating filler is preferably a saturated fatty acid. By using unsaturated fatty acids, the molecular composition does not contain double or triple bonds, so the electrophilic reaction of water molecules to π electrons can be suppressed, and the solubility of the coating agent in water can be reduced. Can be small. Examples of saturated fatty acids include butyric acid (carbon number = 4), caproic acid (carbon number = 6), caprylic acid (carbon number = 8), capric acid (carbon number = 10), lauric acid (carbon number = 12), Examples include myristic acid (carbon number = 14), valmitic acid (carbon number = 16), stearic acid (carbon number = 18), and the like.

  The saturated fatty acid preferably has 12 to 22 carbon atoms, more preferably 14 to 20, and most preferably 16 to 18. By using a material having 12 to 22 carbon atoms, since the foaming property is small, the bubble content of the light weight mortar can be suppressed. "Tightening" can be prevented. Here, “tightening” means that the light weight mortar after kneading loses fluidity and the workability of construction is lowered. When carbon number is 14-20, the solubility to water can be suppressed. When carbon number is 16-18, while being able to suppress the solubility to water more, even when soft water is used as the kneading water 2, foaming property can be made small. When the number of carbon atoms is less than 12, the foaming property is too large, and when the light weight mortar is left for a long time after kneading, the foam is repelled and “tightening” occurs. On the other hand, when the number of carbon atoms exceeds 22, the carbon chain of the fatty acid is too long and may be cleaved by an external force, resulting in a decrease in non-wetting properties.

  The weight ratio of the non-wetting filler in the lightweight mortar composition is preferably 1 to 50% by weight, more preferably 2 to 30% by weight, and most preferably 5 to 15% by weight. When in this range, the kneading water 2 is appropriately dispersed in the light mortar and behaves like a fine filler. Therefore, in order to obtain sufficient fluidity to construct the light mortar, a large amount of the kneading water 2 And is excellent in the increase in the volume of the lightweight mortar. When the weight ratio is 2 to 30% by weight, the filler, the kneaded water 2 and other components are mixed and united appropriately, so that fine filling is possible when spraying lightweight mortar. It is possible to suppress a phenomenon called so-called mist, in which a material scatters in the form of a mist.

  When the weight ratio of the non-wetting filler in the composition of the lightweight mortar is less than 1% by weight, the increase in volume is not sufficient. On the other hand, if it exceeds 50% by weight, a large amount of kneading water 2 is required to obtain sufficient fluidity for constructing the light weight mortar. Since the kneaded water 2 occupies, the compressive strength of the lightweight mortar after curing and volatilization of water is not sufficient.

  The particle shape of the non-wetting filler is preferably anisotropic. When the particle shape is anisotropic, the filling state becomes rough filling, and the volume of the lightweight mortar after kneading can be further increased. Examples of the anisotropic particle shape include a needle shape, a fiber shape, a rod shape, a spindle shape, and a plate shape. The aspect ratio is preferably 2 to 1000, more preferably 5 to 500, and most preferably 10 to 200. When it is in this range, when the particle shape after kneading is not anisotropic, that is, isotropic, the packed state becomes dense, and the volume increase property of the lightweight mortar after kneading is not sufficient.

  The particle size of the non-wetting filler is preferably 0.01 to 100 μm, more preferably 0.05 to 20 μm, and most preferably 0.5 to 6 μm. When it is within this range, it can be appropriately dispersed in the powder of the lightweight mortar before kneading, and therefore, uneven kneading water 2 can be suppressed when kneading with kneading water 2. When the particle diameter is less than 0.01 μm, a so-called mist phenomenon is likely to occur in which a fine filler scatters in the air when spraying lightweight mortar. On the other hand, when the thickness exceeds 100 μm, the kneaded water 2 is unevenly distributed in the kneaded lightweight mortar, and sufficient viscosity can be obtained with a small amount of the kneaded water 2, so that the volume increaseability of the light mortar is not sufficient.

  The binder is not limited to ordinary Portland cement, and can be arbitrarily set as long as it can be cured to obtain a predetermined shape. Examples of the binder include cements such as Portland cement, alumina cement, lime-mixed cement, blast furnace cement, silica cement, fly ash cement, masonry cement, high sulfate slag cement, and pneumatic alkalis such as slaked lime, quicklime, and dolomite plaster. Metal salts, water glass, calcium silicate, gypsum and the like can be mentioned.

  The lightweight aggregate is used to reduce the specific gravity of the lightweight mortar, and is not limited to vermiculite and can be set arbitrarily. It is not necessary to use it. Examples of the lightweight aggregate include inorganic lightweight aggregates such as foamed glass, foamed slag, shirasu balloon, and pearlite, and organic lightweight aggregates such as foamed plastic beads, foamed urethane, and foamed polystyrene. These specific gravity is mainly 0.4 to 0.6.

  The water-absorbing resin is used to increase the amount of kneading water necessary for kneading lightweight mortar, and is not limited to sodium polyacrylate and can be arbitrarily set. It is not necessary to use it. Examples of the polymer water-absorbing material include sodium polyacrylate, acrylic acid-vinyl alcohol copolymer, polyacrylamide and the like.

  The powder resin is emulsified by being mixed with the kneading water 2 and used to improve the adhesion of the lightweight mortar to the base such as iron, concrete, wood and the like. The powder resin is obtained, for example, by drying a synthetic resin such as polyacrylic acid ester, polystyrene, polyvinyl acetate, and polyvinyl chloride.

  The fibers are used to prevent cracking of lightweight mortar, and can be arbitrarily set without being limited to glass fibers. It is not necessary to use it. Examples of the fibers include inorganic fibers such as glass fibers, synthetic resin fibers such as vinylon fibers and polyacrylic fibers, and organic natural fibers such as pulp and cellulose. In addition to the above, additives generally used in ordinary mortars such as thickeners, antifoaming agents, fluidizing agents, and the like can be used.

  Next, an example is given and demonstrated about the effect | action of the said lightweight mortar comprised as mentioned above. When a lightweight mortar with a wet time of 47 seconds is mixed with the kneaded water 2, a part of the mortar penetrates into other fillers, lightweight aggregates, binders and the like. As shown in FIG. 1, the remaining kneaded water 2 is water repellent without penetrating light calcium carbonate (non-wetting filler) 1 (surface coated with stearic acid). By continuing the kneading, the kneading water 2 is dispersed, surrounded by the non-wetting filler, loses its place, behaves like a kind of filler, and penetrates other fillers, lightweight aggregates, binders, etc. do not do. Therefore, a large amount of kneading water 2 is required in order to obtain sufficient fluidity to wet these other fillers, lightweight aggregates, binders, etc. and to apply lightweight mortar. As a result, the volume of the lightweight mortar after kneading increases. In order to obtain sufficient fluidity to apply 1 kg (1.2 liter) of the lightweight mortar, 1 kg of kneaded water 2 is required. Since the specific gravity of the lightweight mortar after kneading is 1.0 kg / liter, the volume of the 1 kg lightweight mortar powder is increased to 2 liters by the kneading water 2.

  The light-weight mortar is kneaded with the kneading water 2 and then sprayed on a base such as iron, concrete, wood, etc., and applied by ironing or the like. After the construction, a part of the kneading water 2 is consumed in the curing reaction of the binder and remains as crystal water in the light weight mortar after curing, but most of it is volatilized and scattered in the atmosphere. As a result, the space where the kneaded water 2 was present is replaced with air, and is maintained as a void even after the lightweight mortar is cured.

(First embodiment)
The lightweight mortar of the first embodiment is a fireproof coating material.
The fireproof coating material as the lightweight mortar is kneaded with the kneading water 2 and then sprayed onto a square steel pipe as a steel structure by a pressure feeder. When pressure is applied to the fireproof coating material by the pressure feeder, the fireproof coating material and the kneaded water 2 are different from each other because they have different fluidity. When the kneading water 2 is not sufficient, the fireproof coating material and the kneading water 2 are separated, and only the kneading water having low fluidity is discharged from the pressure feeder, and the fireproof coating material is left in the pressure feeder. End up. Since the fireproof coating material contains a non-wetting filler, a large amount of the kneaded water 2 is present in the fireproof coating material after kneading. Is supplied, and the fireproof coating material and the kneaded water are integrally discharged from the pressure feeder.

  After the fireproof coating material is applied in this way, a part of the kneading water 2 is consumed in the curing reaction of the binder, and remains as crystal water in the cured fireproof coating material. Spatter into the atmosphere. As a result, the space where the kneaded water 2 was present is replaced with air, and is maintained as a void after the fireproof coating material is cured.

  Since the fireproof covering material contains a non-wetting filler, a large amount of kneading water 2 is required. Therefore, after the fireproof coating material is cured, a large amount of voids are present. Since a large amount of voids are present in the fireproof coating material, conduction of combustion heat at the time of fire is suppressed, so that a fireproof coating material excellent in fireproof performance can be obtained.

  When the steel structure covered with the fireproof coating material configured as described above is exposed to the combustion heat during a fire, conduction of the combustion heat to the steel structure is suppressed by the voids maintained in the fireproof coating material. The steel structure is protected from collapse for a predetermined fire resistance time.

(Second Embodiment)
The lightweight mortar of the second embodiment is a heat insulating mortar.
The heat insulating mortar as the lightweight mortar is kneaded with the kneading water 2 and then troweled to the concrete as the wall surface. Since the heat insulating mortar contains a non-wetting filler, a large amount of kneading water 2 is required.

  Since the heat-insulating mortar contains a large amount of kneading water, when pressure is applied to the iron, excess kneading water 2 in the heat-insulating mortar oozes out to the interface between the iron and the heat-insulating mortar, and the iron and the heat-insulating mortar. A thin water film is formed between the two. This reduces the resistance when the iron moves on the surface of the heat insulating mortar, and improves the iron workability of the heat insulating mortar.

  After the heat-insulating mortar is applied in this way, a part of the kneaded water 2 is consumed in the curing reaction of the binder and remains in the heat-insulating mortar after curing as crystal water, but most of it is volatilized in the atmosphere. Scatter. As a result, the space where the kneaded water 2 was present is replaced with air, and is maintained as a void after the fireproof coating material is cured.

  Since the heat insulating mortar contains a large amount of the kneaded water 2, a large amount of voids exist after the heat insulating mortar is cured. Since heat conduction is suppressed due to the presence of a large amount of voids in the heat insulating mortar, a heat insulating mortar having excellent heat insulating properties can be obtained.

(Third embodiment)
The lightweight mortar of the third embodiment is a sound absorbing mortar.
The sound absorbing mortar as the lightweight mortar is kneaded with the kneading water 2 and then sprayed onto the concrete as the wall surface by a pressure feeder. When pressure is applied to the sound-absorbing mortar by the pressure feeder, the sound-absorbing mortar and the kneaded water 2 are different from each other because they have different fluidity. When the kneading water 2 is not sufficient, the sound absorbing mortar and the kneading water 2 are separated, and only the kneading water having low fluidity is discharged from the pressure feeder, and the sound absorbing mortar is left in the pressure feeding device. Since the sound absorbing mortar contains a non-wetting filler, a large amount of the kneading water 2 is present in the sound absorbing mortar after kneading, so even if separated from the kneading water 2, the kneading water 2 is immediately supplied again. Then, the sound absorbing mortar and the kneading water 2 are integrally discharged from the pressure feeder.

  Since the sound-absorbing mortar contains a large amount of the kneaded water 2, the specific gravity is around 1.0, and it is applied with a thickness of 20 to 80 mm. Since a part of the kneaded water 2 in the sound absorbing mortar is absorbed by the concrete, the sound absorbing mortar itself becomes insufficient in the kneaded water and loses fluidity, and becomes “tightened”. A large amount of kneading water is required for the sound-absorbing mortar containing the non-wetting filler to have fluidity. However, since a small amount of the kneading water is absorbed into the concrete, it becomes a “tightened” state. Even when it is constructed with a thickness of 80 mm, “sag” caused by the weight of the sound absorbing mortar is suppressed.

  After the sound absorbing mortar is applied in this way, a part of the kneaded water 2 is consumed in the curing reaction of the binder and remains in the heat-insulated mortar as crystal water, but most of it is volatilized in the atmosphere. Scatter. As a result, the space where the kneaded water 2 was present is replaced with air, and is maintained as a void after the fireproof coating material is cured.

Since the sound absorbing mortar contains a large amount of the kneaded water 2, a large amount of voids will exist after the sound absorbing mortar is cured. Since sound transmission is suppressed due to the presence of a large amount of voids in the sound absorbing mortar, it is possible to obtain a sound absorbing mortar having excellent sound absorbing properties.
This embodiment can exhibit the following effects.

  -The lightweight mortar contains a non-wetting filler, so that the powder of the lightweight mortar before kneading becomes difficult to wet with water, and wets other fillers, lightweight aggregates, binders, etc. In order to obtain sufficient fluidity for construction, a large amount of kneading water 2 is required. As a result, the volume of the lightweight mortar after kneading increases. Therefore, when the same volume of light mortar powder before kneading is used, the workable area can be increased and the volume of the packing material when packing a constant weight is reduced.

  -Since the saturated fatty acid has 12 to 22 carbon atoms, since the foaming property is small, the bubble content of the light weight mortar can be suppressed, and even when the light weight mortar is allowed to stand for a long time after kneading, It is possible to prevent “tightening” due to “bounce”.

  -Since the base material component is soft (light) calcium carbonate, the crystal structure is trigonal, so it is rich in anisotropy and the filling state is coarsely packed, so the volume of lightweight mortar after kneading Can be further increased. Moreover, since the solubility in water is as low as 0.0014 at 25 ° C. and the true specific gravity is relatively light at 2.71, the water resistance and light weight of the mortar are excellent.

  -When imparting fire resistance to the lightweight mortar, by using aluminum hydroxide as a base component, the endothermic amount is as large as about 1970 J / g, and excellent fire resistance performance can be obtained with a small amount of use. .

  In order to obtain sufficient fluidity to wet the filler, lightweight aggregate, binder, etc. and to construct the lightweight mortar by the wet time of the lightweight mortar powder being 10 seconds to 600 seconds Requires a large amount of kneading water 2. As a result, the volume of the lightweight mortar can be increased.

  -It is excellent in non-wetting property because the non-wetting filler is a surface coating filler whose surface is coated with a fatty acid. In addition, a wettable filler that is easily wetted by water on the surface can be made non-wettable, so that a wettable component used as a lightweight mortar composition can be made a non-wettable filler. The volume of the lightweight mortar can be further increased.

  -Since the coating of the fatty acid on the surface of the filler is accompanied by a chemical bond, detachment of the coating agent when an external force is applied can be suppressed.

  -Since the coating agent that coats the surface coating filler is a saturated fatty acid, it does not contain double or triple bonds in the molecular composition, so that the electrophilic reaction of water molecules to π electrons can be suppressed. The solubility of the coating agent in water can be reduced.

  -Since the weight ratio of the non-wetting filler in the lightweight mortar composition is 1 to 50% by weight, the kneaded water 2 is appropriately dispersed in the lightweight mortar and behaves like a fine filler. In order to obtain sufficient fluidity for constructing the lightweight mortar, a large amount of the kneaded water 2 is required, and the increase in the volume of the lightweight mortar is excellent.

  -Since the particle shape of the non-wetting filler is anisotropic, the filling state becomes rough filling, and the volume of the lightweight mortar after kneading can be further increased.

  When the non-wetting filler has a particle size of 0.01 to 100 μm, it can be appropriately dispersed in the powder of the light weight mortar before kneading, and therefore when kneaded with the kneading water 2 Further, uneven distribution of the kneaded water 2 can be suppressed.

In addition, the said embodiment of this invention can also be changed and comprised as follows.
-The construction is not limited to spraying or troweling, and a normal construction method used for construction of building finishing materials can be used. Further, a lightweight mortar may be mixed with the kneaded water 2 and formed into a plate shape and fixed to the base with a screw or the like.

Next, technical ideas other than the invention described in the claims ascertained from the embodiment will be described together with their effects.
(1) The lightweight mortar according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the particle shape of the non-wetting filler is anisotropic.

  When comprised in this way, a filling state turns into rough filling and the volume of the lightweight mortar after kneading | mixing can be increased more.

  (2) A lightweight mortar wherein the wet time of the powder before kneading is 10 seconds to 600 seconds.

  When configured in this manner, a large amount of kneaded water is required to obtain sufficient fluidity to wet the filler, lightweight aggregate, binder, etc., which are the components of the lightweight mortar, and to apply the lightweight mortar. Since it requires, the volume of a lightweight mortar can be increased.

Hereinafter, the remarkable effect of the present invention as compared with the prior art will be described by comparative tests on the examples.
In the test, first, the bulk specific gravity of the light mortar before kneading was measured by filling the light weight mortar powders of Examples and Comparative Examples into a metal container having a volume of 500 ml while vibrating and measuring the weight. Subsequently, 1 kg of light mortar powder was kneaded by mechanical kneading in accordance with “8.3.1 Kneading of cement paste” defined in JIS R5201-1997, and “Measurement of softness of cement paste” The standard soft water amount specified in No. 1 was measured as the “kneading water amount” necessary for obtaining an appropriate fluidity when constructing a lightweight mortar. Thereafter, the light weight mortar after kneading was filled in a metal container having a volume of 500 ml while vibrating, and the specific gravity after kneading was measured by measuring the weight. From these values, it was calculated how many times the volume of the light mortar after kneading was increased compared to the volume of the light mortar before kneading.

The increase ratio of the volume of the lightweight mortar before and after kneading is calculated as follows.
Light mortar volume before kneading = (weight of light mortar before kneading) ÷ (bulk specific gravity before kneading)
Volume of light weight mortar after kneading = (weight of light weight mortar before kneading + mixing water amount) ÷ (specific gravity after kneading)
Increase ratio of light mortar volume before and after kneading = (volume of light mortar after kneading) ÷ (volume of light mortar before kneading)

(Example 1)
The composition of the lightweight mortar of Example 1 is 100 parts by weight of light (soft) calcium carbonate (non-wettable filler coated with stearic acid as a fatty acid), aluminum hydroxide as a non-wettable filler (The surface is coated with stearic acid as a fatty acid) 100 parts by weight, 100 parts by weight of white Portland cement as a binder, 100 parts by weight of vermiculite as a lightweight aggregate, 5 parts by weight of a powdered resin, and glass fiber 10 as a fiber Parts by weight and 5 parts by weight of thickener.

  As a result of the test, the bulk specific gravity before kneading was 0.85 kg / liter, the amount of kneaded water was 0.95 kg, and the specific gravity after kneading was 1.15 kg / liter. According to the calculation, the increase ratio of the volume of the lightweight mortar before and after kneading was 1.44 times.

(Example 2)
The composition of the lightweight mortar of Example 2 is 100 parts by weight of silica sand (non-wettable filler coated with stearic acid as a fatty acid), 1000 parts by weight of dolomite plaster as a binder, They are 300 parts by weight of vermiculite, 5 parts by weight of powdered resin, 10 parts by weight of polyacrylic fibers as fibers, and 5 parts by weight of thickener.

  As a result of the test, the bulk specific gravity before kneading was 0.65 kg / liter, the amount of kneaded water was 1.35 kg, and the specific gravity after kneading was 1.09 kg / liter. According to the calculation, the increase ratio of the volume of the lightweight mortar before and after kneading was 1.40 times.

(Example 3)
The composition of the lightweight mortar of Example 3 is 300 parts by weight of diatomaceous earth as a non-wetting filler (surface coated with valmitic acid as a fatty acid), 100 parts by weight of dihydrate gypsum as a binder, as a lightweight aggregate 100 parts by weight of pearlite, 5 parts by weight of powder resin, 10 parts by weight of pulp fibers as fibers, and 5 parts by weight of thickener.

  As a result of the test, the bulk specific gravity before kneading was 0.79 kg / liter, the amount of kneaded water was 1.34 kg, and the specific gravity after kneading was 0.98 kg / liter. According to the calculation, the increase ratio of the volume of the lightweight mortar before and after kneading was 1.89 times.

(Comparative Example 1)
The composition of the lightweight mortar of Comparative Example 1 is 200 parts by weight of light (soft) calcium carbonate as a wet filler, 100 parts by weight of ordinary Portland cement as a binder, 100 parts by weight of vermiculite as a lightweight aggregate, and powder resin 5 It is 10 parts by weight of glass fiber as a fiber, and 5 parts by weight of a thickener.

  As a result of the test, the bulk specific gravity before kneading was 0.85 kg / liter, the amount of kneaded water was 0.54 kg, and the specific gravity after kneading was 1.30 kg / liter. According to the calculation, the increase ratio of the volume of the lightweight mortar before and after kneading was 1.01.

In addition, the technical idea described in the present specification was created by the following inventors.
The technical idea described in paragraph numbers [0001] to [0084] was created by Junichi Kato. The author of the claims and specification attached to the application is Shinichi Kato.

It is the model explanatory drawing which showed the state which kneaded water was surrounded by the light calcium carbonate (thing which coat | covered the surface with the stearic acid) as a non-wettable filler, lost the place, and behaved like a kind of filler. .

Explanation of symbols

1 Light calcium carbonate as non-wetting filler (surface coated with stearic acid)
2 Kneading water

Claims (5)

  A lightweight mortar comprising a binder and a non-wetting filler.   The lightweight mortar according to claim 1, wherein the non-wetting filler is a surface-coated filler whose surface is coated with a fatty acid. The lightweight mortar according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fatty acid is a saturated fatty acid having 12 to 22 carbon atoms.   The light weight mortar according to claim 1, wherein a base material component of the surface coating filler is light (soft) calcium carbonate.   The light weight mortar according to claim 1, wherein a base material component of the surface coating filler is aluminum hydroxide.

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