JP2005259952A - Solar cell module - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a solar cell module capable of improving in the heat insulation of a building, as well as preventing decline in conversion efficiency. <P>SOLUTION: The solar cell module includes the structure wherein a solar cell 3 is sealed with a sealing agent 2 and a sealing agent 4 between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 5. Further, the solar cell module is provided with a heat ray prevention film 6 arranged at the rear-face side of a solar cell module apart from the solar cell 3, for suppressing the penetration of the heat ray of sunlight. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a solar cell module, and more particularly to a daylighting type solar cell module that can be used for curtain walls and top lights of buildings such as buildings and can incorporate sunlight.

  In recent years, development of an electric power system using a clean energy source has been actively carried out due to environmental conservation problems and the like. Among them, the solar power generation system has advantages such as being easy to maintain, easy to automate and unmanned, and quiet because there are no moving parts. Recently, with the popularization of residential solar power generation systems, solar cell modules that have been installed on the rooftop or on the ground have started to be used for different purposes. As an example, there is a daylighting type solar cell module that is used for a curtain wall or a top light of a building such as a building and can take sunlight into the building.

Conventional daylighting solar cell modules include solar cells in daylighting solar cell modules from the viewpoint of reducing the cooling load by suppressing the penetration of solar heat rays into the building and improving the heat insulation of the building. What has the heat ray prevention film installed in the light-receiving surface side rather than the cell is used. However, in this conventional daylighting solar cell module, the heat ray prevention film blocks conversion light (output of the daylighting solar cell module / light receiving surface of the daylighting solar cell module) by blocking light of particularly long wavelengths in the sunlight. In some cases, the amount of light incident on the light source decreases.
JP-A-5-310035 JP 11-31834 A

  The objective of this invention is providing the solar cell module which can improve the heat insulation of a building, preventing the fall of conversion efficiency.

  The present invention is a solar cell module including a structure in which solar cells are sealed with a sealing material between a first substrate and a second substrate, and the back surface of the solar cell module rather than the solar cells. This is a solar cell module in which a heat ray preventing film that suppresses transmission of solar heat rays is installed on the side.

  Here, in the solar cell module of this invention, it is preferable that the 3rd board | substrate is installed in the back surface side further from the 2nd board | substrate.

  Moreover, in the solar cell module of this invention, it is preferable that the heat ray prevention film | membrane is installed in the 2nd board | substrate.

  Moreover, in the solar cell module of this invention, it is preferable that the heat ray prevention film | membrane is installed in the 3rd board | substrate.

  Moreover, in the solar cell module of this invention, it is preferable that the gas layer is contained between the 2nd board | substrate and the 3rd board | substrate.

  Moreover, in the solar cell module of this invention, it is preferable that a gas layer consists of nitrogen or a noble gas.

  In the solar cell module of the present invention, the heat ray preventing film is preferably composed of an indium silver oxide film, a tin oxide film, an aluminum metal film, a titanium metal film, or a heat ray preventing film.

  Moreover, in the solar cell module of this invention, it is preferable that the heat ray prevention film forms the film | membrane containing gold | metal | money and silver on the surface of the polyester film.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the solar cell module which can improve the heat insulation of a building can be provided, preventing the fall of conversion efficiency.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. In the drawings of the present application, the same reference numerals denote the same or corresponding parts. Further, in this specification, the side on which sunlight is incident on the solar cell module is referred to as “light-receiving surface side”, and the side on which sunlight is not incident is referred to as “back surface side”.

  In the solar cell module of the present invention, for example, as shown in the schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 1, the solar cells 3 are encapsulated between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 5 facing each other. And a structure sealed by the sealing material 4.

  As a material of the 1st board | substrate 1, in order to function as a solar cell module, if it permeate | transmits sunlight to the photovoltaic cell 3, it will not specifically limit, From a viewpoint which permeate | transmits sunlight, using plate glass. Preferably, from the viewpoint of further improving the durability, it is preferable to use tempered glass in which the strength of the plate glass is increased. Moreover, the 1st board | substrate 1 may be colored if the sunlight can permeate | transmit, and since a dimension, a shape, etc. can be freely set by the use application of a solar cell module, it is not specifically limited. Further, the first substrate 1 may have flexibility.

  The material of the sealing material 2 is not particularly limited as long as it can seal the solar cells 3 and transmits sunlight, and is particularly a material that does not promote deterioration of the solar cells 3 and the solar cell module. Preferably there is. Especially, as a material of the sealing material 2, it is preferable to use EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate).

  The solar battery cell 3 is not particularly limited as long as it functions as a solar battery, and a conventionally known solar battery cell made of a silicon-based material or a compound semiconductor-based material can be used. Further, the crystal form of the solar battery cell 3 may take any form such as a single crystal system, a polycrystalline system, an amorphous system, or a thin film system.

  Since the sealing material 4 is installed in the back surface side of the photovoltaic cell 3, it hardly contributes to conversion efficiency. Therefore, the material, shape, etc. of the sealing material 4 can be freely set depending on the usage application of the solar cell module. However, from the viewpoint of taking sunlight into the building on the back side of the solar cell module of the present invention, it is preferable to use a material that transmits sunlight, and it is preferable to use EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate).

  Since the 2nd board | substrate 5 is installed in the back surface side of the photovoltaic cell 3 similarly to the sealing material 4, it hardly contributes to conversion efficiency. Therefore, the material and shape of the second substrate 5 can be freely set depending on the use application of the solar cell module. However, from the viewpoint of taking sunlight into the building, a plate glass that transmits sunlight is used. From the viewpoint of further improving the durability, it is more preferable to use tempered glass. Further, the second substrate 5 may be colored similarly to the first substrate 1 and may have flexibility.

  In FIG. 2, typical sectional drawing of a preferable example of the solar cell module of this invention is shown. In this solar cell module, a heat ray preventing film 6 is provided on the back surface of the second substrate 5 shown in FIG. Here, the heat ray preventing film 6 is not particularly limited as long as it is a film that suppresses the transmission of sunlight heat rays by absorbing and / or reflecting sunlight heat rays (electromagnetic waves having a wavelength of 0.76 μm to 1 mm).

  As the heat ray preventing film 6, for example, an indium silver oxide film (compound of indium, silver and oxygen) can be used. When an indium silver oxide film is used as the heat ray preventing film 6, it is possible to effectively suppress the transmission of solar heat rays and further improve the heat insulation of the building. The indium silver oxide film as the heat ray preventing film 6 is formed with a thickness of 10 nm to 1000 nm, for example. As the heat ray preventing film 6, a tin oxide film can also be used. In the case where a tin oxide film is used as the heat ray preventing film 6, it is possible to effectively suppress the transmission of solar heat rays and further improve the heat insulating property of the building. The tin oxide film as the heat ray preventing film 6 is formed with a thickness of 10 nm to 1000 nm, for example. The indium silver oxide film or tin oxide film as the heat ray preventing film 6 is formed by a method such as vapor deposition or sputtering.

  As the heat ray preventing film 6, an aluminum-based metal film can be used. The aluminum-based metal film is a film containing aluminum, such as an aluminum thin film having a thickness of 10 nm to 1000 nm or an aluminum oxide film having a thickness of 10 nm to 1000 nm, for example. When an aluminum-based metal film is used as the heat ray preventing film 6, it is possible to effectively suppress the transmission of solar heat rays in the same manner as described above, and to further improve the heat insulation of the building. As the heat ray preventing film 6, a titanium-based metal film can be used. The titanium-based metal film is a film containing titanium, such as a titanium thin film having a thickness of 10 nm to 1000 nm or a titanium oxide film having a thickness of 10 nm to 1000 nm, for example. Even when a titanium-based metal film is used as the heat ray preventing film 6, it is possible to effectively suppress the transmission of solar heat rays in the same manner as described above, and to further improve the heat insulation of the building. The aluminum-based metal film or titanium-based metal film as the heat ray preventing film 6 is formed, for example, by coating the surface of the second substrate 5 by a method such as vapor deposition or sputtering.

  Moreover, as the heat ray preventing film 6, a heat ray preventing film can be used. A heat ray-preventing film is a film in which a film containing a metal is formed on a film material such as a polyester film to add a function of suppressing the transmission of solar heat rays. For example, the surface of a polyester film is made of gold and silver. There is a film in which a film containing is formed. When a heat ray prevention film is used as the heat ray prevention film 6, it is possible to form a film at a low cost, effectively suppressing the transmission of solar heat rays, and further improving the heat insulation of the building. . In particular, when a heat ray-preventing film in which a film containing gold and silver is formed on a polyester film is used, the film can be formed at a low film forming temperature, so that the film can be easily formed on the polyester film. The heat ray preventing film as the heat ray preventing film 6 is attached to the surface of the second substrate 5 using an adhesive or the like, for example. The thickness of the heat ray preventing film is, for example, 1000 nm to 500000 nm.

  The schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 3 shows a preferable example of a preferable manufacturing process of the solar cell module shown in FIG. First, as shown in FIG. 3A, a first substrate 1 made of tempered glass is prepared. Next, as shown in FIG. 3B, a sealing material 2 made of EVA is placed on the first substrate 1 with a thickness of 3 mm to 15 mm. Then, as shown in FIG. 3C, a plurality of solar cells 3 wired to each other are installed on the sealing material 2. Subsequently, as illustrated in FIG. 3D, the sealing material 4 made of EVA is installed on the sealing material 2 and the solar battery cell 3 with a thickness of 3 mm to 15 mm. Next, as shown in FIG. 3E, the second substrate 5 made of tempered glass having the heat ray preventing film 6 formed on one side is sealed so that the heat ray preventing film 6 faces the back side of the solar cell module. Install on material 4. Finally, the vacuum is applied to evacuate the solar cell module and the solar cell module is heated to a temperature of 20 ° C. to 170 ° C. to apply pressure to the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 5. After temporarily sealing the sealing material 2 and the sealing material 4, the solar cell module is completed by crosslinking EVA at a temperature (120 ° C. to 200 ° C.) higher than the temperature at the time of temporary pressing.

  Here, in the present invention, as shown in the schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 4, the frame body 16 may be fitted around the solar cell module. The frame 16 is made of, for example, aluminum. In the present invention, as shown in the schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 5, the heat ray preventing film 6 may be provided on the light receiving surface side of the second substrate 5.

  Moreover, in the above, when the thickness of the sealing material 2 made of EVA is less than 3 mm, the thickness is too thin and the solar battery cell 3 tends to be cracked, and when the thickness is larger than 15 mm, it is efficient. However, there is a tendency that solar cell modules cannot be manufactured. Moreover, when the thickness of the sealing material 4 made of EVA is less than 3 mm, the thickness is too thin and the solar battery cell 3 tends to be easily cracked when the sealing material 2 and the sealing material 4 are temporarily pressed. When the thickness is larger than 15 mm, the solar cell module tends to be not efficiently manufactured.

  In such a solar cell module of the present invention, unlike the conventional solar cell module, the heat ray preventing film 6 is disposed on the back side of the solar cell 3, so that the heat ray preventing film 6 is the solar cell. The sunlight incident on the solar cell module 3 is not blocked, and only the heat rays of the sunlight incident on the building on the back side of the solar cell module are inhibited from being transmitted. Therefore, in the solar cell module of the present invention, it is possible to improve the heat insulation of the building on the back side of the solar cell module while preventing the conversion efficiency from decreasing.

  FIG. 6 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of another preferred example of the solar cell module of the present invention. In this solar cell module, a support 15 is formed so as to surround the entire periphery of the back surface of the heat ray preventing film 6, and a third substrate 18 is formed on the support 15. In such a solar cell module, since the heat ray preventing film 6 is installed inside the solar cell module, in addition to the effects such as prevention of the reduction of the conversion efficiency and improvement of the heat insulation of the building, The effect which can reduce deterioration and damage of the heat ray prevention film 6 is also acquired.

  Here, for example, a curable resin is used as the support 15. Here, as the curable resin, for example, a thermosetting resin such as urea resin, melamine resin, phenol resin, epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester resin, alkyd resin, or urethane resin that is cured by heat is used. Moreover, as the 3rd board | substrate 18, it is preferable to use the plate glass which permeate | transmits sunlight from a viewpoint of taking in sunlight in a building, Furthermore, it is more preferable to use tempered glass from a viewpoint of improving durability. The third substrate 18 may be colored and may have flexibility.

  Such a solar cell module shown in FIG. 6 is coated with a support 15 made of a curable resin so as to surround the entire periphery of the back surface side of the heat ray preventing film 6 of the solar cell module shown in FIG. After the third substrate 18 is pressure-bonded to the support 15, the support 15 is cured.

  Thereafter, as shown in the schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 7, the frame body 16 may be fitted around the solar cell module. In this case, for example, a metal or the like is installed on the heat ray preventing film 6 as the support 15, and the third substrate 18 is installed on the metal, and the frame 16 is provided around the solar cell module shown in FIG. 6. It is also possible to fix the support 15 and the third substrate 18 by fitting.

  When the third substrate 18 is installed in a predetermined gas atmosphere, the gas layer 19 is formed in the space inside the support 15 between the second substrate 5 and the third substrate 18. Is formed. When the gas layer 19 is formed in this way, the heat rays of sunlight are absorbed in the gas layer 19, so that the heat insulation of the building is further enhanced by the synergistic effect of the heat ray preventing film 6 and the gas layer 19. It is possible to improve the performance. Here, the gas constituting the gas layer 19 is preferably a gas such as air that does not adversely affect the solar cell module or the building, but the heat ray prevention film 6 due to a chemical reaction, the support 15 and the third layer. From the viewpoint of effectively preventing the deterioration of the transparent substrate 18, a rare gas such as nitrogen or argon is more preferable.

  FIG. 8 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of another preferred example of the solar cell module of the present invention. This solar cell module is characterized in that the heat ray preventing film 6 is not formed on the second substrate 5 and the heat ray preventing film 6 is formed on the back surface side of the third substrate 18. In this solar cell module, since the heat ray preventing film 6 and the solar cell 3 are installed apart from each other, the heat ray preventing film 6 seals the solar cell 3 with the sealing material 2 and the sealing material 4. Hard to be affected by heat due to heating. Therefore, in this case, a film containing a heat-sensitive material such as a polyester film can be used as the heat ray preventing film 6. Further, in this solar cell module, a support 15 is installed on the back surface side of the second substrate 5, and the third substrate 18 on which the heat ray preventing film 6 is installed on the support 15 is prevented from heat rays. It is formed by fitting the frame 16 after the film 6 is installed so as to face the back side. Further, as shown in the schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 9, it is needless to say that the third substrate 18 provided with the heat ray preventing film 6 may be provided so that the heat ray preventing film 6 faces the light receiving surface side. .

(Example 1)
As an embodiment of the present invention, a daylighting solar cell module shown in FIG. 4 will be described. This daylighting solar cell module is characterized in that a heat ray preventing film 6 is formed on the back surface of tempered glass as the second substrate 5 on the back surface.

  First, EVA having a thickness of 10 mm as a sealing material 2 was placed on a tempered glass as a first substrate 1 having a width of 1900 mm, a length of 850 mm, and a thickness of 5 mm. Next, a plurality of solar cells 3 made of single crystal silicon having a width of 125 mm and a length of 125 mm were installed on the sealing material 2. Here, the solar cells 3 are arranged at intervals of 30 mm vertically and horizontally in order to collect sunlight from the gaps between the solar cells 3, and these solar cells 3 are wired to each other. .

  Next, EVA having a thickness of 10 mm as the sealing material 4 was installed on the sealing material 2 and the solar battery cell 3. And the tempered glass as the 2nd board | substrate 5 of width 1900mm * length 850mm * thickness 6mm by which the 100-nm-thick titanium oxide film as the heat ray prevention film 6 is coated on the one side is the side with the heat ray prevention film 6 Was placed on the sealing material 4 with the back side.

  Then, while pulling the vacuum so as to remove the gas in the daylighting solar cell module, the sealing material 2 and the sealing material 4 are heated to 90 ° C. and pressure is applied to the first substrate 1 and the third substrate 5. After pre-bonding, it was cured by heating to 160 ° C. Finally, a daylight type solar cell module shown in FIG. 4 was completed by fitting a frame 16 made of aluminum.

(Example 2)
As an embodiment of the present invention, a daylighting solar cell module shown in FIG. 7 will be described. This daylighting solar cell module is further characterized in that tempered glass as a third substrate 18 is formed on the heat ray preventing film 6 via a gas layer 19.

  The manufacturing process of this daylighting solar cell module is the same as that of Example 1 until the sealing material 2 and the sealing material 4 are temporarily pressed and then heated and cured. And the epoxy resin as a support body 15 is apply | coated so that the whole periphery of the surface of the back surface side of the heat ray prevention film 6 may be enclosed, and a 100-nm-thick titanium oxide film is formed as the heat ray prevention film 6 on one side in argon atmosphere. The coated tempered glass as the third substrate 18 having a width of 1900 mm, a length of 850 mm, and a thickness of 6 mm was placed on the support 15 with the heat ray preventing film 6 side as the back side. Thereafter, after the third substrate 18 was pressure-bonded to the support 15, the support 15 was heated to 120 ° C. to cure the support 15. At this time, the gas layer 19 between the second substrate 5 and the third substrate 18 was made of argon. Finally, the daylighting solar cell module shown in FIG. 7 was completed by fitting a frame 16 made of aluminum.

  It should be understood that the embodiments and examples disclosed herein are illustrative and non-restrictive in every respect. The scope of the present invention is defined by the terms of the claims, rather than the description above, and is intended to include any modifications within the scope and meaning equivalent to the terms of the claims.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is suitably used for a daylighting type solar cell module that can be used for curtain walls and top lights of buildings such as buildings and can take sunlight into the buildings.

It is typical sectional drawing of the structure contained in the solar cell module of this invention. It is typical sectional drawing of a preferable example of the solar cell module of this invention. It is typical sectional drawing which shows a preferable example of the preferable manufacturing process of the solar cell module of this invention. It is typical sectional drawing of another preferable example of the solar cell module of this invention. It is typical sectional drawing of another preferable example of the solar cell module of this invention. It is typical sectional drawing of another preferable example of the solar cell module of this invention. It is typical sectional drawing of another preferable example of the solar cell module of this invention. It is typical sectional drawing of another preferable example of the solar cell module of this invention. It is typical sectional drawing of another preferable example of the solar cell module of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 1st board | substrate, 2,4 sealing material, 3 photovoltaic cell, 5 2nd board | substrate, 6 heat ray prevention film, 15 support body, 16 frame, 18 3rd board | substrate, 19 gas layer.

Claims (8)

  A solar cell module including a structure in which solar cells are sealed with a sealing material between a first substrate and a second substrate, the solar cell module being closer to the back side of the solar cell module than the solar cells. A solar cell module, characterized in that a heat ray-preventing film that suppresses transmission of solar heat rays is installed.   2. The solar cell module according to claim 1, wherein a third substrate is further provided on the back surface side of the second substrate.   The solar cell module according to claim 1, wherein the heat ray preventing film is provided on the second substrate.   The solar cell module according to claim 2, wherein the heat ray preventing film is installed on the third substrate.   5. The solar cell module according to claim 2, wherein a gas layer is included between the second substrate and the third substrate. 6.   The solar cell module according to claim 5, wherein the gas layer is made of nitrogen or a rare gas.   The solar cell module according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the heat ray preventing film is composed of an indium silver oxide film, a tin oxide film, an aluminum metal film, a titanium metal film, or a heat ray preventing film. .   The solar cell module according to claim 7, wherein the heat ray preventing film is obtained by forming a film containing gold and silver on a surface of a polyester film.

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