JP2005250458A - Image display device and its usage - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an image display device which is applicable to advertisement interesting an observer or used for security etc., and and also to provide its usage. <P>SOLUTION: Disclosed are the image display device, characterized in that; the device has a base material 1 having a 1st surface where a reference grating is formed and a 2nd base material 2 having a 2nd surface where a grating including information on a moire image is formed based upon the reference grating, the 1st and 2nd surface being arranged at a distance from each other while facing nearly one and the same direction to enable the observer 6 recognizes a moire image having a depth once the viewpoint of the observer 6 reaches a specified point when the viewpoint of the observer 6 viewing the 1st and 2nd surfaces placed one over the other moves toward or away from those surfaces and when the viewpoint moves crossing those surfaces. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention is an image display device in which when an observer moves back and forth in the direction of the device, an image that appears in a mysterious position suddenly appears, and when moved further in the same direction, this image disappears. The present invention relates to an image display apparatus that can display a fine image such as a photographic image, and can be applied to advertising that attracts the viewer's attention, or for security purposes, and a method of using the same.

  When two lattices having a period with substantially the same interval are placed in close contact with each other with the line directions forming the lattice slightly shifted from each other, a line pattern different from these lines is generated. This phenomenon is generally known as moire fringes.

This moire fringe is a phenomenon caused by the interference of two gratings. For example, when the two gratings are moved relatively in the horizontal direction, the moire fringe pattern moves.
Patent Document 1 discloses a display device to which this is applied. In the apparatus using the moire effect, an observer who sees two line patterns having different line frequencies moves, and movement of the moire fringe pattern occurs due to interference of the line patterns, thereby causing a pattern having a specific depth. Be recognized.

In advertisements for products and services, it is important to attract the viewer's attention. For example, it is very effective if technology that gives a visual impact can be used. Although it is conceivable to apply the above-described moire fringes as such a technique, it has not yet been fully applicable to uses such as advertising.
JP-T-2001-516899

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems in the prior art, and the purpose of the present invention is to suddenly appear an image that appears in a strange position when the observer moves back and forth in the direction of the display device. This is an image display device in which this image disappears when it is further moved in the same direction, and can display fine images such as articles, characters, photographic images, and advertisements that attract the viewer's attention, or An object of the present invention is to provide an image display apparatus applicable to security applications and the like and a method of using the same.

The image display device of the present invention includes a base material having a first surface on which a reference lattice is formed,
A substrate having a second surface on which a grating including information on moire images is formed based on the reference grating;
The viewpoint of the observer who has seen the first and second surfaces overlapping each other by arranging the first and second surfaces so that these surfaces are oriented in substantially the same direction. The observer has depth when the observer's viewpoint reaches a predetermined position when moving toward or away from these planes and when moving across these planes. The moiré image is recognized (the arrangement order of the first surface and the second surface with respect to the observer is arbitrary, the first surface may be arranged on the observer side, and the observer side The second surface may be disposed on the surface).

In the present invention configured as described above, for example, a first surface on which a reference grid composed of dot patterns in which dots are arranged at pixel positions specified by rows and columns, and a moire image based on the reference grid are formed. The observer moves so as to approach or separate from these surfaces by arranging them apart from the second surface on which a grid of dot patterns containing information is formed, or these surfaces When the viewpoint reaches a predetermined position defined by the dot pattern and the inter-surface distance, a moire image that suddenly appears at a mysterious position appears. Disappears.

Therefore, it is possible to provide an image display device that can be applied to, for example, advertisements and attracts the viewer's interest.
Furthermore, by including secret information as a moire image on the second surface, it is possible to provide an image display device applicable to security applications.

The image display device of the present invention includes a base material having a first surface on which a reference lattice is formed,
A display unit having a second surface;
A display device that optically displays on the second surface a grating that includes information on a moire image based on the reference grating;
By disposing the first surface and the second surface so that these surfaces are oriented in substantially the same direction, and displaying a grid including information on the moire image on the second surface by the display device. When the viewpoint of the observer who viewed these surfaces with the first surface overlapped with the second surface moved so as to approach or separate from these surfaces, and moved across these surfaces In this case, when the observer's viewpoint reaches a predetermined position, the observer recognizes a moire image having a depth.

  In the present invention, the display device is configured to display each grid including information on different moiré images, thereby switching the display on the second surface from one grid to another grid. It is possible to switch from one moire image to another moire image.

  Further, the display device is configured to continuously display each grid including information on different moire images, thereby continuously switching the display of the grid on the second surface, so that the moire image is converted into a moving image. Can be displayed.

  In the present invention configured as described above, as described above, when the observer's viewpoint reaches a predetermined position with respect to the first surface and the second surface, the moiré image that has emerged in a mysterious position suddenly occurs. It appears and disappears when it moves in the same direction. Furthermore, in the present invention, by providing a display device that optically displays the grid on the second surface, it is possible to switch from one moire image to another moire image.

  Therefore, the observer can recognize a moiré image that switches from one image to another image, or can recognize the moiré image as a moving image, thereby providing an image display device that attracts the viewer's interest. In addition, for example, an application such as switching the display of advertising advertisements every time is possible.

The image display device of the present invention includes a base material having a first surface on which a reference lattice is formed,
N-1 base materials each having a second surface and a third surface to an n-th surface, on which a lattice including information on a moire image is formed based on the reference lattice,
By arranging the first surface to the n-th surface so that these surfaces are oriented in substantially the same direction, the viewpoint of the observer who sees these surfaces superimposed approaches or separates from these surfaces. Each time the observer's viewpoint reaches a predetermined position defined by the first surface and the other surface, the moire image having a depth expressed by these two surfaces is displayed. It is characterized by recognizing one after another (the arrangement order of the first surface and the second surface to the n-th surface with respect to the observer is arbitrary, and which of these surfaces is viewed from the observer side toward the viewing direction. May be arranged in such an order).

  In the present invention configured as described above, for example, the first surface on which a reference grid composed of dot patterns in which dots are arranged at positions specified by rows and columns is formed, and each is based on the reference grid. Alternatively, by arranging two or more surfaces on which a grid composed of dot patterns including information of different moire images is formed so as to be spaced apart from each other, the observer approaches or separates from these surfaces. As it moved, the viewpoint reached a predetermined position defined by the distance between the first surface and any one surface selected from the second surface to the n-th surface and the lattice formed on these surfaces. At this time, a moire image that appears in a mysterious position suddenly appears, and when the image moves further in the same direction, the image disappears. And when the observer further moves in the same direction, when the viewpoint reaches a predetermined position defined by the first surface and another surface different from the above, a moire image suddenly appears as well, If the image is further moved in the same direction, this image disappears.

  In this way, when the observer moves back and forth with respect to these surfaces, the moire images corresponding to the second surface to the nth surface appear and disappear one after another in the eyes of the observer. It is.

Therefore, it is possible to provide an image display device that attracts the viewer's interest.
In a preferable aspect in each of the above-described inventions, each grid on the first surface and the other surface includes a dot pattern in which dots are arranged at pixel positions specified by rows and columns.

  In a preferable aspect in each of the above-described inventions, the grid on the first surface includes a pattern in which dots are randomly arranged, and the grid on the second surface or each of the second to n-th surfaces is based on this random pattern. In other words, the pattern includes a pattern in which dots of the moiré image are included and the dots are randomly arranged.

  In a preferable aspect in each of the above-described inventions, the lattice on the first surface includes a pattern in which dots are periodically arranged, and the lattice on the second surface or each of the lattices on the second surface to the n-th surface corresponds to the periodic pattern. Based on the pattern, information on the moire image is included.

  In the preferable aspect in each invention described above, the dots forming the pattern on the first surface and the dots forming the pattern on the second surface or each pattern on the second surface to the nth surface are colored with different colors, When a moire image is formed by two surfaces, dots on the surface arranged on the viewer side are translucent.

In the preferable aspect in each above-mentioned invention, base materials other than the base material arrange | positioned at the position furthest away from the observer or the said display part are transparent or semi-transparent.
In a preferable aspect in each of the above-described inventions, the moire image includes at least one selected from articles, characters, symbols, and photographic images.

The advertising method of the present invention uses the above image display device,
Form a grid that contains information on moire images that contain advertisements for goods or services on at least the second side,
The advertisement is displayed as a moire image for an observer.

The security protection method of the present invention uses the image display device described above,
Form a grid containing information on the moire image including secret information on the second side,
The secret information is displayed to the observer as a moire image only when the first surface, the second surface, and the observer's viewpoint are in a specific positional relationship,
Thus, the secret information is protected from a third party.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the image display apparatus which attracts an observer's interest, the image display apparatus applicable to a security use, and its usage method are provided.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 are diagrams for explaining an image display apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, the image display device of the present embodiment includes a transparent sheet-like base material 1 and a base material 2, and as shown in FIG. On the first surface), a reference grid composed of dot patterns 4 in which dots 3 printed in black are randomly arranged at positions specified by rows and columns is formed.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 1B, one surface (second surface) of the base material 2 is a dot printed in black, which includes moire image information based on the dot pattern 4. Are formed of dot patterns 5 that are randomly arranged. This dot pattern 5 is configured to be larger in size than the dot pattern 4 of the substrate 1.

  As shown in FIG. 2, these base materials 1 and 2 are such that the first surface of the base material 1 and the second surface of the base material 2 are oriented in the same direction with respect to the surface. Opposing to be spaced apart in the vertical direction. In the present embodiment, the dot pattern 4 that is a reference grid is arranged on the viewer 6 side, and the dot pattern 5 including the information on the moire image is arranged behind the dot pattern 4.

  With respect to the base materials 1 and 2 arranged in this way, the observer 6 at the position B in FIG. 2 approaches the first surface and the second surface so that the first surface and the second surface are overlapped. When the size of the dot pattern 4 and the size of the dot pattern 5 coincide with the visual perception of the observer 6 and reach the vicinity of the position A where the outlines overlap, the eyes of the observer 6 are shown in FIG. In this way, the character “Sat” suddenly appears as a moire image having a depth, and the character is recognized as if it appeared in the space.

  When the observer 6 approaches further from the vicinity of the position A toward the surfaces, the character of “soil” disappears again from the eyes of the observer 6 so that only a random pattern is recognized. Become.

  Similarly, the observer 6 at the position C in FIG. 2 moves away from these surfaces so that the first surface and the second surface are overlapped, and the size of the dot pattern 4 and the size of the dot pattern 5 are determined. 1 reaches the vicinity of the position A that visually matches the viewer 6, the characters “earth” suddenly appear as a moire image in the eyes of the viewer 6 as shown in FIG. Is further away from the vicinity of the position A, the character of “soil” disappears again from the eyes of the observer 6 and only a random pattern is recognized.

  This phenomenon occurs not only when the observer 6 moves back and forth in the plane direction, but also when the observer 6 moves in a direction parallel to the first surface and the second surface with reference to the vicinity of the position A in FIG. Also occurs in the same way. That is, when the observer 6 moves vertically or horizontally across these surfaces so that the viewpoint passes near the position A, the outline of the dot pattern 4 and the outline of the dot pattern 5 are observed. When the vicinity of the position A that visually matches the position 6 is reached, the character “soil” suddenly appears as a moire image in the eyes of the observer 6, and the observer 6 further moves in the same direction from the vicinity of the position A. Then, the character “Sat” disappears again from the eyes of the observer 6 and only a random pattern is recognized.

  In this manner, a predetermined tolerance centered on the position where the size of the dot pattern on the first surface coincides with the size of the dot pattern on the second surface by a combination of specific dot patterns as will be described later. A moire image is recognized within the range. It is also possible to arrange a dot pattern including information on the moire image on the viewer side and arrange a dot pattern serving as a reference grid behind the dot pattern.

  In the present invention, a fine image such as an article, a character, or a symbol can be displayed as a moiré image, and can be used for displaying an advertisement for a product. It is also possible to display a complicated image such as a photographic image by finely dividing a matrix of pixels specifying the dot position and sufficiently miniaturizing the dot pattern.

  Hereinafter, the dot pattern formed on the first surface and the second surface will be described. These dot patterns are formed by arranging dots at pixel positions regularly separated by rows and columns on these surfaces. The surface arranged on the observer side needs to make the pixels other than the portion where the dots are arranged transparent or semi-transparent, for example, by using a light transmissive material as a base material.

  The pixel size is such that the pattern surface on the rear side (the second surface on which the dot pattern 5 is formed in FIG. 2) from the position A in FIG. For example, the length of the side of the pattern surface on the rear side is 1 m, the distance from the position A to the pattern surface on the rear side is 2.74 m, the distance to the pattern surface on the front side is 1.37 m, When the length of the side in the pattern surface on the side is 0.5 m, the number of pixels is preferably 100 to 1,000,000, more preferably 10,000 to 100,000. Further, from the position A in FIG. 2 where the outlines of the two dot patterns coincide visually, the pattern surface on the rear side (the second surface on which the dot pattern 5 is formed in FIG. 2) is observed at a viewing angle of 20 °. In this case, for example, the length of the side of the pattern surface on the rear side is 5 m, the distance from the position A to the pattern surface on the rear side is 13.7 m, the distance to the pattern surface on the front side is 6.85 m, and the pattern on the front side Even when the length of the side on the surface is 2.5 m, the number of pixels is preferably 100 to 1,000,000, more preferably 10,000 to 100,000.

  The ratio of the pixel size in the pattern on the front side and the pixel size in the pattern on the rear side as viewed from the observer is as follows: a triangle defined by the position A and the side X1 and the position A and the side X2 in FIG. The ratio is defined by the ratio of triangles to be determined. Preferably, the ratio of the lengths of the sides of the pixels is the front side: back side = 1: 1.05 to 1: 2, more preferably 1.1: 1.5 to 1. : 1.5.

  The shape of the pixel is preferably a square or a rectangle, but may be any shape that can be spread, for example, a pixel 10a in which triangles are arranged as shown in FIG. 7A, and as shown in FIG. 7B. The pixel 10b may be a hexagonal pixel. In addition, as shown in FIG. 7C, round dots 3 may be arranged in the pixel 10c.

  In a preferred embodiment of the dot pattern constituting the reference grid, dots are randomly arranged based on random numbers at positions separated by rows and columns, or dots are periodically arranged at positions separated by rows and columns. In some cases, for example, a pattern in which an image different from a moire image is formed by dots can be used.

Based on the dot pattern constituting the reference lattice, a dot pattern including information on the moire image is formed. As a specific method for including the information of the moire image in the random pattern which is the reference lattice, for example, “0” and “1” for pixels of n rows × n columns defined on the surface of the transparent base film. Random dot pattern (reference grid) formed by painting the pixel black with ink if it is “0” based on the result of randomly extracting the number of n × n times, and not coloring the pixel if it is “1” On the other hand, a sheet on which images of articles, characters, and the like to be included in the reference grid (here, the character “earth” will be described as an example) is printed.

  Next, when the reference grid and the sheet on which the character “soil” is printed are overlapped, in the region where the grid and the character overlap, the colored pixels (dots) corresponding to the above “0” and “1” are formed. A grid having a new dot pattern obtained by inverting the corresponding non-colored pixel and having the pixel area expanded by m × m times as compared with the reference grid is prepared. In this way, an apparently random grid is formed in which the information of the character “soil” is included in the reference grid, and this grid is arranged rearward when viewed from the observer, and the reference grid is arranged forward. A moire image of the character “Sat” can be observed.

  In the present invention, the moiré image can be best observed at the position A in FIG. 2 where the sizes of the two dot patterns coincide with each other visually. However, the position is slightly shifted from front to back, up and down, or left and right. Even if the position is within the predetermined allowable range, the moire image can be recognized. For example, when displaying a fine moire image with information such as an article, a character, or a symbol, the allowable range varies depending on each condition depending on the dot size (pixel size). The length of the side on the rear pattern surface is 6 m, the distance from the position A to the rear pattern surface is 12 m, the side length on the front pattern surface is 5 m, and the pattern surface on the front side from the position A Is 10 m and the number of pixels is 10,000, the allowable range from the position A is within 0.87 m in the forward direction, preferably within 0.23 m, and within 1.06 m in the backward direction. Preferably, it is within 0.24 m, and within ± 0.24 m in the vertical and horizontal directions, preferably within ± 0.06 m.

  Further, for example, the length of the side on the pattern surface on the rear side as viewed from the observer is 4 m, the distance from the position A to the pattern surface on the rear side is 4 m, the length of the side on the pattern surface on the front side is 3 m, and the position A When the distance from the pattern surface to the front side is 3 m and the number of pixels is 10,000, the allowable range from the position A is within 0.18 m in the forward direction, preferably within 0.04 m, and the backward direction Is within 0.20 m, preferably within 0.04 m, and within ± 0.10 m, preferably within ± 0.02 m in the vertical or horizontal direction.

This allowable range can be estimated based on, for example, the following standard expression. 3 (a) and 3 (b) are diagrams for explaining the parameters of this standard expression.
Y1: Size of the reference grid Y2: Size of the grid including the information of the moire image (As described above, the arrangement of the grid including the information of the reference grid and the moire image may be opposite to that in the figure)
X1: Distance from the observer to the reference grid X2: Distance from the observer to the grid containing the moire image information ΔY: Deviation by one pixel (one unit of the matrix in which the dots are arranged) in the grid containing the moire image information Distance ΔXa: the allowable range from the position A where the sizes of the two lattices match visually by the observer to the front (direction toward the surface side) (FIG. 3A)
ΔXb: Allowable range from the position A where the sizes of the two lattices match with the observer's vision backward (in the direction away from the surface) (FIG. 3B)
It is.

  Based on the above equation, an allowable range in which a moire image can be recognized can be estimated. However, in the observer's vision, when the deviation between the reference grid and the grid containing the information on the moire image when the position A is used as a reference approaches one pixel, the moire image is not always recognized. When the shift for one pixel is 100%, about 10 to 20% is a rough guide for the allowable range in which the moire image can be recognized. Moreover, although the above formula shows the reference of the allowable range in the front-rear direction, the allowable range can be estimated based on the same method for the allowable range in the vertical and horizontal directions.

  In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 8, the first surface 11 of the base material 1 and the second surface 12 of the base material 2 are arranged in parallel to each other so as to be perpendicular to the line-of-sight direction of the observer 6. In addition to the case, for example, as shown in FIG. 9, the first surface 11 on the viewer 6 side may be slightly inclined with respect to the viewing direction of the viewer 6, or as shown in FIG. The surface 12 may be slightly inclined with respect to the viewing direction of the observer. In addition, as shown in FIG. 11, even when both the first surface 11 and the second surface 12 are slightly inclined with respect to the observer's line-of-sight direction, the directions in which the first surface and the second surface face are substantially the same. The angle formed by the first surface and the second surface is within 90 degrees, preferably within 30 degrees, and the inclination angle of these surfaces from the plane perpendicular to the observer's line of sight is within 45 degrees. , Preferably within 30 degrees.

  In the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2, a transparent sheet-like substrate is used as a substrate for forming a dot pattern. Examples of such a substrate include a plastic film, a plastic plate, and a glass plate. It is done. The base material disposed on the viewer side is usually formed of a transparent or translucent material because at least a pixel portion in which dots in the pattern are not disposed needs to be transparent or translucent. On the other hand, the other base material arranged behind it does not necessarily have to be light-transmitting. For example, if it has a surface on which a pattern can be formed by printing or the like, for example, a soft film or a hard plate member It is not particularly limited, and the wall surface of the building may be used. Alternatively, a reference lattice pattern and a lattice pattern including information on a moire image may be formed on each surface of a single substrate that has two parallel surfaces and is transparent or translucent.

  The color of the dots is not limited to black, and chromatic colors such as blue, yellow, and red may be used. Also, the dots that form the pattern on the first surface and the dots that form the pattern on the second surface are colored with different colors, and the surface that is arranged on the viewer side when forming a moire image with the two surfaces By making the dots in the semi-transparent color, a moire image having a color obtained by combining these colors is obtained.

  The image display device of the present invention can be used only for display purposes because it can greatly attract the viewer's interest. For example, the image display device can be incorporated into every article used daily or a window glass in a building. It is also possible to configure with a wall surface.

Moreover, it can use suitably for the advertisement of goods or services, and it can attract an observer's interest by displaying the advertisement of goods or services as a moire image.
Alternatively, by including secret information such as a password and a personal identification number as a moire image, it can be suitably used for security purposes. In other words, by superimposing two base materials and moving the base material placed on the observer's viewpoint or on the viewer side, confidential information is displayed as a moire image. Even if they are not displayed, they are displayed only when the two base materials and the viewpoints of the observer are in a predetermined distance relationship, so it is extremely difficult for a third party to recognize this confidential information. Can keep secrets safely.

  4 and 5 are diagrams illustrating an image display device according to another embodiment of the present invention. The image display device according to the present embodiment includes a transparent base material 1 on which a reference lattice is formed, a liquid crystal display 7, and a liquid crystal display device 8 that displays a lattice including information on a moire image on the liquid crystal display 7. Become. As shown in FIG. 4A, on one surface of the substrate 1, a reference grid comprising dot patterns 4 in which colored dots 3 printed at positions specified by rows and columns are randomly arranged. Is formed.

  In the present embodiment, the liquid crystal display 7 is used as a display unit on which a grid including information on a moire image is displayed, and information on the grid image is used as a display device that displays the grid on the display unit as a liquid crystal image. A liquid crystal display device 8 including a storage unit for storing, a CPU, a liquid crystal driver, and the like is used. As shown in FIG. 4B, by the liquid crystal display device, the liquid crystal display 7 includes the information of the moiré image based on the dot pattern 4 formed on the base material 1, and the dots are randomly arranged apparently. A grid composed of the dot patterns 9 is displayed.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the substrate 1 and the liquid crystal display 7 have a surface (first surface) on which the dot pattern 4 is formed on the substrate 1 and a display surface on which the dot pattern 9 is displayed on the liquid crystal display 7 ( And the second surface) face each other in substantially the same direction and are separated in a direction perpendicular to the surface.

  The observer 6 at the position B in FIG. 5 approaches the first surface and the second surface arranged in this way so that the first surface and the second surface are overlapped and viewed. When the size of the dot pattern 4 and the size of the dot pattern 9 coincide with each other in the visual sense of the observer 6 and reach the vicinity of the position A where the outlines overlap, the eyes of the observer 6 are shown in FIG. As shown, the character “Sat” suddenly appears as a moiré image having a depth, and the character is recognized as if it appeared in the space.

  When the observer 6 approaches further from the vicinity of the position A toward the surfaces, the character of “soil” disappears again from the eyes of the observer 6 so that only a random pattern is recognized. Become. Even when the observer moves away from the first surface and the second surface, and when the observer 6 moves in a direction parallel to these surfaces with respect to the vicinity of the position A, the same as in the above-described embodiment. Thus, a moire image appears near position A, and the moire image disappears outside this region.

  In this embodiment, the configuration such as the conditions of the pattern to be used is the same as that of the above-described embodiment, but the dot pattern 9 including the information of the moire image is displayed on the liquid crystal display 7 using the liquid crystal display device 8. Therefore, the storage unit of the liquid crystal display device 8 stores in advance image data of each lattice including information on each different moire image, for example, information corresponding to each moire image such as “Sat”, “Sun”, and “Month”. By doing so, the character “Sat” appears as a moiré image in the observer at a certain time, and the character “Sun” or “Month” appears as an moiré image in the observer at other times. Is possible. That is, the display can be switched over time from one moire image to another moire image.

  Furthermore, by storing the corresponding grid image data in the storage unit of the liquid crystal display device 8 in advance, the moire image can be displayed as a moving image by continuously switching the grid display on the liquid crystal display 7. .

  In the present embodiment, the liquid crystal display 7 is used as a display unit that displays a grid including information on a moire image, and the liquid crystal display device 8 is used as a display device that displays the grid on the display unit. A light emitting display using an organic EL element may be used as a display unit, and a display unit including a storage unit that stores information on a lattice image displayed on the display, a CPU, or the like may be used as a display unit. Alternatively, a projection device such as a projector may be used as the display device, and a lattice image may be projected on a display unit having a projection surface. When using a projection device, by using a transparent or translucent substrate as the display unit, the display unit can be arranged on the viewer side, and the substrate on which the reference grid is formed can be arranged behind it. Is possible.

  In this way, the observer switches from one image to another by forming a lattice including information on the moire image by the display unit and the display device that optically displays the lattice image on the display unit. It is possible to provide an image display device that can recognize a moire image or recognize a moire image as a moving image and attract an interest of an observer. In addition, for example, an application such as switching the display of advertising advertisements every time is possible.

  FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining an image display apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention. The image display apparatus according to the present embodiment includes a base material 1 having a first surface on which a reference grid is formed, and second to fourth surfaces on which a grid including moire image information is formed based on the reference grid. It has the base material 2a, 2b, and 2c which has a surface.

On the surface of the substrate 1, a reference grid composed of colored dot patterns 4 in which dots printed at pixel positions specified by rows and columns are randomly arranged is formed.
On the surface of the base material 2a, a grid is formed which is composed of dot patterns 5a in which dots are apparently randomly arranged and include information on the moire image of the character “soil” based on the dot pattern 4.

  On the surface of the base material 2 b, a lattice is formed that includes dot patterns 5 b in which dots are apparently randomly arranged and include information on the moire image of the character “day” based on the dot pattern 4.

  On the surface of the base material 2 c, a lattice is formed that includes dot patterns 5 c in which dots are apparently randomly arranged and include information on the moire image of the character “moon” based on the dot pattern 4.

  As shown in FIG. 6, these base materials 1 and 2 a to 2 c face each other so that the respective lattices formed on these surfaces face substantially the same direction and are separated in a direction perpendicular to the lattice plane. Be placed. In the present embodiment, the dot pattern 4 (see FIG. 1), which is a reference grid, is arranged on the viewer 6 side, and the dot patterns 5a to 5c (see FIG. 1) including information on moire images are arranged behind the dot pattern 4 (see FIG. 1). Are arranged in order.

  With respect to the base materials 1 and 2a to 2c arranged in this way, the observer 6 at the position B in FIG. When the size of 4 and the size of the dot pattern 5a reach the vicinity of the position A1 where the viewer 6 visually matches, the moiré of the character “soil” as shown in FIG. An image appears. When the observer 6 approaches the surfaces further from the vicinity of the position A1, the character of “Sat” disappears again from the eyes of the observer 6 so that only a random pattern is recognized. Become.

  Further, when the viewer 6 approaches these surfaces and reaches the vicinity of the position A2 where the size of the dot pattern 4 and the size of the dot pattern 5b coincide visually, the eyes of the viewer 6 Shows a moire image of the letter “day”. When the observer 6 approaches further in the plane direction from the vicinity of the position A2, the characters of “day” disappear again from the eyes of the observer 6, and only a random pattern is recognized. .

  Further, when the observer 6 approaches toward these surfaces and reaches the vicinity of the position A3 where the size of the dot pattern 4 and the size of the dot pattern 5c coincide visually, the eyes of the observer 6 Shows a moire image of the letter “moon”. When the observer 6 approaches further from the vicinity of the position A3 toward the planes, the letters “Moon” disappear again from the eyes of the observer 6 so that only a random pattern is recognized. Become.

  In this way, when the observer moves forward toward these planes, or moves backward away from these planes, different moire images appear one after another in the eyes of the observer. It disappears repeatedly.

  In this embodiment, three base materials on which a lattice including information on moire images is formed are used. However, in the present invention, a larger number of base materials may be used, and the first base on which a reference lattice is formed. A base material having one surface, and n-1 base materials each having a second surface and a third surface to an nth surface, on which a lattice including information on a moire image is formed based on the reference lattice. When the observer moves so as to approach or separate from these surfaces, different moire images appear and disappear one after another in the eyes of the observer. The first surface on which the reference grid is formed may be arranged at any position, the position closest to the observer side, the position sandwiched between the second surface to the nth surface, and the most from the observer side. It can be arranged at a distant position. In addition, the base material other than the base material disposed at the position farthest away from the observer needs to be formed of a transparent or translucent material because the pixels on which dots are not disposed need to be transparent or translucent. It is preferable.

  In each of the above-described embodiments, a lattice including a random pattern in which dots are randomly arranged is used. However, a case in which a lattice including a periodic pattern in which dots are periodically disposed is used will be described below.

  Here, arranging dots periodically means that when moving the pattern by that period, each dot is regularly positioned so that all the dots after movement are located where the dots existed before movement. As a specific example, as shown in FIG. 12A, a square black dot 3 is arranged in every other pixel in the row direction and the column direction. Is mentioned. In FIG. 12, FIG. 12 (a) shows the first surface on which the dot pattern 4 as the reference grid is formed, and FIG. 12 (b) shows the moire image information in the dot pattern 4 of FIG. 12 (a). 12C shows the second surface on which the dot pattern 5 is formed. FIG. 12C shows a moire image (character “arrow” that appears when the first surface and the second surface are observed with being overlapped at a predetermined interval. ]).

  As another example, for example, as shown in FIG. 13A, there is a dot pattern 4 in which round dots 3 are arranged every other pixel in the row direction and the column direction. Also in this case, the first surface on which the dot pattern 4 shown in FIG. 13A is formed, and the dot pattern 5 in which the moire image information is included in the dot pattern 4 in FIG. 13A are formed. When the second surface of FIG. 13B is overlapped and observed at a predetermined interval, a moire image (character “arrow”) appears as shown in FIG. 13C.

The total number of pixels of the dot pattern is arbitrary, and examples similar to FIG. 12 with the number of pixels changed are shown in FIGS. 14 to 18 (the total number of pixels is 30 pixels in FIG. 12, 40 pixels in FIG. 15 is 50 pixels, FIG. 16 is 60 pixels, FIG. 17 is 80 pixels, and FIG. 18 is 100 pixels).

Further, as shown in FIG. 19, the moire image can be an inverted image (negative image) with black dots 3 as the background.
By arranging the dots periodically, a moiré image is observed even if the dot pattern 4 on the first surface and the dot pattern 5 on the second surface are shifted and overlapped. FIG. 20 shows a case where the patterns (total number of pixels 30 pixels) in FIG. 12 are shifted and overlapped, and FIG. 21 shows a case where the patterns (total number of pixels 100 pixels) in FIG. That is, when the viewpoint moves in the horizontal direction from the position where the moire image is observed, the dot pattern 4 as the reference grid and the dot pattern 5 including the information on the moire image are relatively shifted by one period. Thus, it is repeated every cycle that these two patterns coincide with each other in the positional relationship where the moire image is observed.

  By this effect, the range in which the moire image can be observed when the viewpoint moves in the direction crossing the pattern surface is greatly expanded. That is, an image in which the first surface and the second surface overlap each other while the observer moves in a direction crossing these surfaces with respect to the first surface and the second surface that are spaced apart at predetermined positions is observed. In this case, a moire image is observed over a long moving distance. As shown in FIG. 21, as the number of pixels is relatively larger than a moire image such as a character, the range in which the moire image can be observed in the up, down, left, and right directions is expanded.

  The permissible range in which the moire image can be visually recognized varies depending on the conditions depending on the dot size (pixel size) and the like. For example, the side length of the pattern surface on the near side as viewed from the observer is 0.84 m. The length of the side of the pattern surface on the rear side is 0.87 m, the distance from the pattern surface on the near side to the pattern surface on the rear side is 0.10 m, and the number of pixels is 300 pixels per side (total number of pixels is 90,000 pixels) ), The allowable range in which the moire image can be observed is 1.40 m to 16 m, preferably 1.40 m to 12 m from the front pattern surface in the front-rear direction with respect to the pattern surface. Further, in the vertical and horizontal directions with respect to the pattern surface, the distance is within ± 4 m, preferably within ± 3 m from the center position where moire is observed.

  As described above, by using the periodic pattern, the range in which the moire image in the direction across the pattern surface can be observed is expanded. For this reason, for example, when the first surface serving as the reference lattice is disposed on the viewer side and the second surface serving as the lattice including the moire image information is disposed behind the first surface, the number of pixels on the first surface is set to the second number. By increasing more than the number of pixels on the surface, the observable range of the moire image can be expanded.

  As mentioned above, although this invention was demonstrated based on each embodiment, this invention is not limited to these embodiment, A various deformation | transformation and change are possible within the range which has the effect of this invention.

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an image display device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an image display device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining parameters in a reference formula of an allowable range in which a moire image can be recognized. FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining an image display apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining an image display apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining an image display apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining pixel shapes and dot shapes applicable to form a lattice. FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of an arrangement angle between the first surface and the second surface. FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of an arrangement angle between the first surface and the second surface. FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of an arrangement angle between the first surface and the second surface. FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of an arrangement angle between the first surface and the second surface. FIG. 12A shows a first surface on which a periodic pattern as a reference grating is formed, and FIG. 12B shows a pattern in which information on moire images is included in the periodic pattern in FIG. FIG. 12C shows a moiré image (character “arrow”) that appears when these first and second surfaces are overlapped and observed at a predetermined interval. FIG. 13A shows a first surface on which a periodic pattern, which is a reference grating, is formed. FIG. 13B shows a pattern in which moire image information is included in the periodic pattern of FIG. 13A. FIG. 13C shows a moire image (character “arrow”) that appears when the first surface and the second surface are overlapped and observed at a predetermined interval. FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a case where the number of pixels is changed (40 pixels) from FIG. 12, and FIG. 14 (a) shows a first surface on which a periodic pattern as a reference grating is formed, and FIG. ) Shows a second surface on which a pattern including moire image information is formed in the periodic pattern of FIG. 14A, and FIG. 14C shows a predetermined interval between the first surface and the second surface. The moiré image (character “arrow”) that appears when the images are superimposed and observed. FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a case where the number of pixels is changed (50 pixels) from FIG. 12, and FIG. 15 (a) shows a first surface on which a periodic pattern as a reference grating is formed, and FIG. ) Shows a second surface on which a pattern including moire image information is formed in the periodic pattern of FIG. 15A, and FIG. 15C shows the first surface and the second surface at a predetermined interval. The moiré image (character “arrow”) that appears when the images are superimposed and observed. FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating a case where the number of pixels is changed (60 pixels) from FIG. 12, and FIG. 16A illustrates a first surface on which a periodic pattern that is a reference lattice is formed, and FIG. ) Shows a second surface on which a pattern including moire image information is formed in the periodic pattern of FIG. 16A, and FIG. 16C shows a predetermined interval between the first surface and the second surface. The moiré image (character “arrow”) that appears when the images are superimposed and observed. FIG. 17 is a diagram showing a case where the number of pixels is changed (80 pixels) from FIG. 12, and FIG. 17A shows a first surface on which a periodic pattern as a reference grating is formed, and FIG. ) Shows a second surface on which a pattern including moire image information is formed in the periodic pattern of FIG. 17A, and FIG. 17C shows a predetermined interval between the first surface and the second surface. The moiré image (character “arrow”) that appears when the images are superimposed and observed. FIG. 18 is a diagram showing a case where the number of pixels is changed (100 pixels) from FIG. 12, and FIG. 18 (a) shows a first surface on which a periodic pattern as a reference grating is formed, and FIG. ) Shows a second surface on which a pattern including moire image information is formed in the periodic pattern of FIG. 18 (a), and FIG. 18 (c) shows a predetermined interval between the first surface and the second surface. The moiré image (character “arrow”) that appears when the images are superimposed and observed. FIG. 19 is a diagram showing an example in which a moiré image is reversed and displayed with a black dot as a background. FIG. 19A shows a first surface on which a periodic pattern as a reference lattice is formed, and FIG. Fig. 19 (a) shows a second surface on which a pattern including moire image information is formed in the periodic pattern of Fig. 19 (a), and Fig. 19 (c) shows the first surface and the second surface spaced apart from each other by a predetermined interval. Inverted moire image (letter “arrow”) that appears when superimposed and observed. FIG. 20 is a diagram illustrating a case where the first surface and the second surface in FIG. 12 are overlapped while being shifted in the horizontal direction. FIG. 21 is a diagram illustrating a case where the first surface and the second surface in FIG. 18 are overlapped while being shifted in the horizontal direction.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Base material 2 Base material 2a Base material 2b Base material 2c Base material 3 Dot 4 Dot pattern 5 Dot pattern 5a Dot pattern 5b Dot pattern 5c Dot pattern 6 Observer 7 Liquid crystal display 8 Liquid crystal display device 9 Dot pattern 10a Pixel 10b Pixel 10c Pixel 11 First surface 12 Second surface

Claims (13)

A substrate having a first surface on which a reference grid is formed;
A substrate having a second surface on which a grating including information on moire images is formed based on the reference grating;
The viewpoint of the observer who has seen the first and second surfaces overlapping each other by arranging the first and second surfaces so that these surfaces are oriented in substantially the same direction. The observer has depth when the observer's viewpoint reaches a predetermined position when moving toward or away from these planes and when moving across these planes. An image display device that recognizes a moire image. A substrate having a first surface on which a reference grid is formed;
A display unit having a second surface;
A display device that optically displays on the second surface a grating including information on a moire image based on the reference grating;
By disposing the first surface and the second surface so that these surfaces are oriented in substantially the same direction, and displaying a grid including information on the moire image on the second surface by the display device. When the viewpoint of the observer who viewed these surfaces with the first surface overlapped with the second surface moved so as to approach or separate from these surfaces, and moved across these surfaces In this case, the image display apparatus is characterized in that when the observer's viewpoint reaches a predetermined position, the observer recognizes a moire image having a depth. The display device is configured to be able to display each grid including information on different moire images,
The image display device according to claim 2, wherein the display of the second surface is configured to be switched from one moire image to another moire image by switching from one lattice to another lattice. The display device is configured to continuously display each grid including information of different moire images,
The image display device according to claim 2, wherein the moire image can be displayed as a moving image by continuously switching the display of the grid on the second surface. A substrate having a first surface on which a reference grid is formed;
N-1 base materials each having a second surface and a third surface to an n-th surface, on which a lattice including information on a moire image is formed based on the reference lattice,
By arranging the first surface to the n-th surface so that these surfaces are oriented in substantially the same direction, the viewpoint of the observer who sees these surfaces superimposed approaches or separates from these surfaces. When the observer's viewpoint reaches a predetermined position defined by the first surface and the other surface, the moire image having a depth expressed by these two surfaces is displayed. An image display device characterized by being recognized one after another.   6. The image display device according to claim 1, wherein each grid of the first surface and the other surface includes a dot pattern in which dots are arranged at pixel positions specified by rows and columns. . The grid of the first surface is composed of a pattern in which dots are randomly arranged,
The grid of the second surface or each of the grids of the second surface to the n-th surface is composed of a pattern in which the information of the moire image is included based on this random pattern and the dots are arranged randomly in appearance. The image display device according to claim 6. The grid on the first surface is composed of a pattern in which dots are periodically arranged,
The image display device according to claim 6, wherein each of the grating on the second surface or each of the gratings on the second surface to the n-th surface includes a pattern including information on a moire image based on the periodic pattern.   The dots forming the pattern on the first surface and the dots forming the pattern on the second surface or each of the patterns on the second surface to the nth surface are colored with different colors, and a moire image is formed by the two surfaces. The image display device according to claim 6, wherein the dots on the surface arranged on the viewer side are semi-transparent.   The image display device according to claim 6, wherein the base material other than the base material arranged at least at the position farthest from the observer or the display unit is transparent or translucent.   The image display device according to any one of claims 6 to 10, wherein the moire image includes at least one selected from articles, characters, symbols, and photographic images. Using the image display device according to any one of claims 1 to 11,
Form a grid that contains information on moire images that contain advertisements for goods or services on at least the second side,
An advertisement method comprising displaying the advertisement as a moire image to an observer. Using the image display device according to claim 1,
Form a grid containing information on the moire image including secret information on the second side,
The secret information is displayed to the observer as a moire image only when the first surface, the second surface, and the observer's viewpoint are in a specific positional relationship,
A security protection method characterized in that secret information is protected from a third party.

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