JP2005247974A - Manufacturing method for layered clay mineral composite and rubber composition containing the composite - Google Patents
Manufacturing method for layered clay mineral composite and rubber composition containing the composite Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本発明は層状粘土鉱物複合体の製造方法及びその複合体を含む加硫ゴム物性の改良されたゴム組成物に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for producing a layered clay mineral composite and a rubber composition having improved physical properties of vulcanized rubber containing the composite.
有機化処理したクレーをゴムに混合することによりゴム中に有機化クレーを均一に分散させ、物性改善を図る試みがなされている(例えば特許文献1参照)。しかしながら、この有機化処理したクレーは常法に従って混合機を用いてゴム中に微細分散させることは非常に困難であった。特許文献2では、有機化クレーをその製造後に、オイルや可塑剤と混合して、有機化クレー複合体としてゴムに配合することが示されているが、この方法でも有機化クレーのゴム中での分散性は不十分であり、加えて例えば耐空気透過性、引張モジュラスといった加硫ゴム物性が低下してしまうという問題もあった。 Attempts have been made to improve the physical properties of organically treated clay by mixing it with rubber to uniformly disperse the organicated clay in the rubber (see, for example, Patent Document 1). However, it has been very difficult to finely disperse this organically treated clay in rubber using a mixer according to a conventional method. In Patent Document 2, it is shown that an organic clay is mixed with oil or a plasticizer after its production and blended with rubber as an organic clay complex. In addition, there is a problem that the physical properties of vulcanized rubber such as air permeation resistance and tensile modulus are deteriorated.
従って、本発明の目的は、前述の従来技術の問題点を解決してゴム中への分散性の良好な有機化層状粘土鉱物複合体の製造方法及びその複合体を含むゴム物性の改良されたゴム組成物を提供することにある。 Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art and to improve the physical properties of rubber containing an organically modified layered clay mineral composite having good dispersibility in rubber and the composite. It is to provide a rubber composition.
本発明に従えば、層状粘土鉱物を水分散液中で有機アンモニウム化合物により有機化処理する過程で非変性液状ゴムを加えることを特徴とする有機化層状粘土鉱物複合体の製造方法及びその複合体を含むゴム組成物が提供される。 According to the present invention, a method for producing an organically modified lamellar clay mineral composite comprising adding a non-modified liquid rubber in a process of organically treating a lamellar clay mineral with an organic ammonium compound in an aqueous dispersion, and the composite A rubber composition is provided.
本発明によれば、簡単な方法により、有機化層状粘土鉱物複合体が得られ、得られた有機化層状粘土鉱物複合体はゴム分散性が良好であり、それを配合した加硫ゴムは不良分散塊が少なく、加硫ゴムの物性低下も起こらない。 According to the present invention, an organically layered clay mineral composite is obtained by a simple method, the obtained organically layered clay mineral composite has good rubber dispersibility, and the vulcanized rubber blended with it is poor. There are few dispersed lumps, and physical properties of vulcanized rubber do not deteriorate.
本発明者らは、層状粘土鉱物を有機化させるにあたり、有機化水溶液中に低分子量液状ゴムを直接加えることにより、有機化層状粘土鉱物の複合体を容易に得ることができ、得られた有機化層状粘土鉱物複合体はゴム分散性が良好であることを見出した。 The inventors of the present invention can easily obtain a composite of an organically modified layered clay mineral by adding a low molecular weight liquid rubber directly to an organicized aqueous solution when organicizing the layered clay mineral. It was found that the layered clay mineral composite has good rubber dispersibility.
本発明に従って有機化層状粘土鉱物を製造するに際して使用する層状粘土鉱物は、例えばモンモリロナイト、サポナイト、ハイデライト、ノントライト、ヘクトライト、スティブンサイト等のスメクタイト系やバーミキュライト、ハロサイト等の、天然又は合成の粘土鉱物をあげることができる。これら層状粘土鉱物の陽イオン交換量は、10〜300ミリ当量/100gのものが好ましい。アスペクト比(注:アスペクト比とは厚さに対する長さの比をいう)は70以上が好ましく、80〜1200が更に好ましい。特にクニミネ工業のモンモリロナイト商品名クニピアFが好適に用いられる。 The layered clay mineral used in producing the organically modified layered clay mineral according to the present invention is a natural or synthetic material such as a smectite series such as montmorillonite, saponite, hydelite, nontrite, hectorite, and stevensite, vermiculite, and halosite. Of clay minerals. The cation exchange amount of these layered clay minerals is preferably 10 to 300 meq / 100 g. The aspect ratio (note: the aspect ratio refers to the ratio of length to thickness) is preferably 70 or more, and more preferably 80 to 1200. In particular, Kunimine Industries' montmorillonite trade name Kunipia F is preferably used.
本発明では、前記粘土鉱物のゴムへの分散性を上げるために、まず層状粘土鉱物を水中に分散させた後に、有機化処理剤にて処理する。この有機化処理剤は、有機アンモニウム化合物であり、好ましくは下記式(I)で表される化合物を、例えば塩酸、硫酸、リン酸、過塩素酸などの無機酸等と、有機化合物1モル当り、好ましくは0.8〜1.2モル、好ましくは室温〜100℃の温度で反応させて調整した、1分子中にアンモニウム基及びアミノ基を有する有機化合物を用いる。 In the present invention, in order to increase the dispersibility of the clay mineral in rubber, first, the layered clay mineral is dispersed in water and then treated with an organic treatment agent. This organic treatment agent is an organic ammonium compound, preferably a compound represented by the following formula (I), for example, an inorganic acid such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, perchloric acid and the like per mole of the organic compound. An organic compound having an ammonium group and an amino group in one molecule, which is prepared by reacting at a temperature of preferably 0.8 to 1.2 mol, preferably room temperature to 100 ° C., is used.
式(I)において、R1は炭素数2〜30の有機基であり、特に炭素数4〜18の炭化水素基が好ましい。具体的にはブチル基、オクチル基、デシル基、ドデシル基、ヘキサデシル基、オクタデシル基、オレイル基が好適な基として例示される。R2は水素原子又は炭素数2〜30の有機基であり、具体的には水素原子、又はブチル基、オクチル基、デシル基、ドデシル基、ヘキサデシル基、オクタデシル基、オレイル基などが例示される。特に、R1,R2の少なくともどちらか一方は炭素数10〜18の飽和又は不飽和の炭化水素基であることが好ましい。そしてR3は炭素数2〜18のヘテロ原子を含んでもよいアルキレン基で、具体的にはエチレン基、プロプレン基、ヘキサメチレン基、デカメチレン基、メチレンビス(シクロヘキシレン)基、キシリレン基が好適な基として例示される。 In the formula (I), R 1 is an organic group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, and a hydrocarbon group having 4 to 18 carbon atoms is particularly preferable. Specifically, butyl group, octyl group, decyl group, dodecyl group, hexadecyl group, octadecyl group and oleyl group are exemplified as suitable groups. R 2 is a hydrogen atom or an organic group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, and specific examples include a hydrogen atom, a butyl group, an octyl group, a decyl group, a dodecyl group, a hexadecyl group, an octadecyl group, and an oleyl group. . In particular, at least one of R 1 and R 2 is preferably a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group having 10 to 18 carbon atoms. R 3 is an alkylene group which may contain a heteroatom having 2 to 18 carbon atoms. Specifically, an ethylene group, a propylene group, a hexamethylene group, a decamethylene group, a methylenebis (cyclohexylene) group, or a xylylene group is preferable. As an example.
本発明に従えば有機化処理剤にて層状粘土鉱物を有機化する際に、非変性液状ゴムを添加する。非変性液状ゴムとしては数平均分子量が400〜50,000のものが好ましく、そのような液状ゴムとしては液状ポリブテン、液状イソプレンゴム、液状ブタジエンゴムなどを例示することができ、このような液状ゴムは以下の市販品を使用することができる。 According to the present invention, the non-modified liquid rubber is added when the layered clay mineral is organicized with the organic treatment agent. The non-modified liquid rubber preferably has a number average molecular weight of 400 to 50,000. Examples of such a liquid rubber include liquid polybutene, liquid isoprene rubber, liquid butadiene rubber, and the like. The following commercial products can be used.
液状ポリブテン:日石ポリブテンHV−15,HV−35,HV−50,HV−100,HV−300(新日本石油化学)
液状イソプレンゴム(ホモポリマー、コポリマー、水添化物):LIR−30,LIR−50,LIR−310,LIR−390,LIR−200,LIR−290(クラレ)
液状ブタジエンゴム:Poly bd R−45M,Poly bd R−45HT(出光石油化学)
Liquid polybutene: Nisseki polybutene HV-15, HV-35, HV-50, HV-100, HV-300 (Shin Nippon Petrochemical)
Liquid isoprene rubber (homopolymer, copolymer, hydrogenated product): LIR-30, LIR-50, LIR-310, LIR-390, LIR-200, LIR-290 (Kuraray)
Liquid butadiene rubber: Poly bd R-45M, Poly bd R-45HT (Idemitsu Petrochemical)
本発明に従って層状粘土鉱物の有機化処理するのに使用する前記有機アンモニウム化合物の量には、特に限定はないが、層状粘土鉱物の陽イオン交換当量の0.5〜1.5当量加えるのが好ましい。また非変性液状ゴムの量にも特に限定はないが、少ないと分散性改善効果が低くなるおそれがあり、逆に多いと取扱いが困難となるおそれがあるために、層状粘土鉱物100重量部当り、10〜150重量部配合するのが好ましい。 The amount of the organic ammonium compound used for the organic treatment of the layered clay mineral according to the present invention is not particularly limited, but 0.5 to 1.5 equivalents of the cation exchange equivalent of the layered clay mineral may be added. preferable. Further, the amount of the non-modified liquid rubber is not particularly limited, but if the amount is small, the effect of improving the dispersibility may be lowered. On the other hand, if the amount is large, the handling may be difficult. 10 to 150 parts by weight is preferable.
本発明に従ったゴム組成物にはゴム成分(前記液状ゴムは除く)100重量部に対し、前記有機化層状粘土鉱物複合体を好ましくは1〜100重量部、更に好ましくは3〜30重量部配合する。この配合量が少な過ぎると加硫ゴム物性の改善効果が十分に発現しないおそれがあるので好ましくなく、逆に多過ぎると未加硫ゴムの粘度が上昇し、加工性が低下するおそれがあるので好ましくない。 In the rubber composition according to the present invention, the organic layered clay mineral composite is preferably 1 to 100 parts by weight, more preferably 3 to 30 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the rubber component (excluding the liquid rubber). Blend. If the blending amount is too small, the effect of improving the physical properties of the vulcanized rubber may not be sufficiently manifested, which is not preferable. On the contrary, if the amount is too large, the viscosity of the unvulcanized rubber may increase and the processability may decrease. It is not preferable.
本発明のゴム組成物において使用するゴムには特に限定はなく、例えば各種天然ゴム(NR)、各種ポリイソプレンゴム(IR)、各種スチレンブタジエン共重合体ゴム(SBR)、各種ポリブタジエンゴム(BR)、各種ポリクロロプレンゴム(CR)、各種アクリロニトリルブタジエン共重合体ゴム(NBR)、各種ブチルゴム(IIR)、エチレン−プロピレンゴム(EPM,EPDM)、クロロスルホン化ポリエチレン(CSM)、アクリルゴム(ACM)、エピクロルヒドリンゴム(CO)等)を用いることができる。これらは単独又は任意のブレンドとして用いることができる。 The rubber used in the rubber composition of the present invention is not particularly limited. For example, various natural rubbers (NR), various polyisoprene rubbers (IR), various styrene butadiene copolymer rubbers (SBR), various polybutadiene rubbers (BR). , Various polychloroprene rubber (CR), various acrylonitrile butadiene copolymer rubber (NBR), various butyl rubber (IIR), ethylene-propylene rubber (EPM, EPDM), chlorosulfonated polyethylene (CSM), acrylic rubber (ACM), Epichlorohydrin rubber (CO) or the like can be used. These can be used alone or as any blend.
本発明に係るゴム組成物には、前記した必須成分に加えて、カーボンブラックやシリカなどのその他の補強剤(フィラー)、加硫又は架橋剤、加硫又は架橋促進剤、各種オイル、老化防止剤、可塑剤などのタイヤ用、その他一般ゴム用に一般的に配合されている各種添加剤を配合することができ、かかる添加剤は一般的な方法で混練して組成物とし、加硫又は架橋するのに使用することができる。これらの添加剤の配合量は本発明の目的に反しない限り、従来の一般的な配合量とすることができる。 In addition to the above-described essential components, the rubber composition according to the present invention includes other reinforcing agents (fillers) such as carbon black and silica, vulcanization or crosslinking agents, vulcanization or crosslinking accelerators, various oils, and anti-aging. Various additives that are generally blended for tires such as additives and plasticizers, and other general rubbers can be blended, and these additives are kneaded by a general method into a composition, vulcanized or Can be used to crosslink. As long as the amount of these additives is not contrary to the object of the present invention, a conventional general amount can be used.
以下、実施例によって本発明を更に説明するが、本発明の範囲をこれらの実施例に限定するものでないことはいうまでもない。 EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention further, it cannot be overemphasized that the scope of the present invention is not limited to these Examples.
実施例1〜4及び比較例1〜5
サンプルの調製
表Iに示す配合(重量部)において、1.8リットルの実験室バンバリー機にて、加硫系を除くゴムマスターバッチを60rpmにて7.5分間混合し、その後、前記加硫系をロールで加え、未加硫ゴムシートを作製した。実施例1〜3及び比較例1〜3の臭素化ブチルゴム組成物は148℃×45分加硫した。実施例4及び比較例4〜5のSBRゴム組成物は160℃×20分加硫した。このようにして、2mm厚シート、厚さ5mm×60mm×25mmの直方体加硫ゴム片をそれぞれ作製した。以下に示す試験法で加硫ゴムの物性を測定した。結果は表Iに示す。
Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-5
Sample preparation In the formulation (parts by weight) shown in Table I, a rubber master batch excluding the vulcanization system was mixed for 7.5 minutes at 60 rpm in a 1.8 liter laboratory banbury machine, and then the vulcanization was performed. The system was added with a roll to produce an unvulcanized rubber sheet. The brominated butyl rubber compositions of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 were vulcanized at 148 ° C. for 45 minutes. The SBR rubber compositions of Example 4 and Comparative Examples 4 to 5 were vulcanized at 160 ° C. for 20 minutes. In this manner, rectangular vulcanized rubber pieces each having a thickness of 2 mm and a thickness of 5 mm × 60 mm × 25 mm were prepared. The physical properties of the vulcanized rubber were measured by the following test methods. The results are shown in Table I.
物性評価試験法
フィラー分散性:加硫ゴム断面を目視観察し、フィラーの凝集塊が多く存在し不均一分散の場合を×、フィラーの凝集塊が存在しなく、均一分散の場合を○とした。△は判別が難しい場合でその間を示す。
フィラー分散度:OptiGrade社製DispearGrader1000を用いフィラー分散度を評価した。分散度は画像処理により10グレードスケールで評価され、値が10に近い場合が良好で、値の低い程悪い。
Physical properties evaluation test method Filler dispersibility: Cross-section of vulcanized rubber was visually observed, and X was given when there was a lot of filler agglomerates and non-uniform dispersion, and ○ was given when there was no filler agglomerates and uniform dispersion . Δ indicates a case where discrimination is difficult.
Filler dispersity: The filler dispersity was evaluated using DispearGrader 1000 manufactured by OptiGrade. The degree of dispersion is evaluated on a 10-grade scale by image processing. The value is good when the value is close to 10, and the lower the value, the worse.
引張物性:JIS 3号ダンベルにて2mmシートを打ち抜き、破断強度と破断伸びを500mm/分の引張速度にて測定(JIS K 6251に準拠)。 Tensile properties: A 2 mm sheet was punched with a JIS No. 3 dumbbell, and the breaking strength and breaking elongation were measured at a pulling speed of 500 mm / min (based on JIS K 6251).
表I脚注
臭素化ブチルゴム:バイエル社製Bayer Bromobutyl X2
SBR:日本ゼオン製Nipol 1502
カーボン1:三菱化成製ダイアブラックG(GPF級カーボン)
カーボン2:昭和キャボット製 ショウブラック N330T(HAF級カーボン)
Table I Footnote Brominated Butyl Rubber: Bayer Bromobutyl X2 from Bayer
SBR: Nipol 1502 manufactured by Nippon Zeon
Carbon 1: Mitsubishi Kasei Diamond Black G (GPF grade carbon)
Carbon 2: Show black Cabot Show Black N330T (HAF grade carbon)
有機化クレー1〜7:表II参照 Organized clays 1-7: see Table II
ステアリン酸:日本油脂製 ビーズステアリン酸 桐
液状ゴム1:新日本石油化学製 HV100(分子量は約1000)
液状ゴム2:出光石油化学製 ポリブタジエン R−45HT(分子量は約4000)
亜鉛華:正同化学製 亜鉛華3号
硫黄:軽井沢精錬所製 油処理硫黄(油含量:5重量%)
促進剤1:三新化学工業製 サンセラーDM(ジベンゾチアジルジスルフィド)
促進剤2:大内新興化学製 ノクセラーNS−P(N−t−ブチル−2−ベンゾチアゾールスルフェンアミド)
Stearic acid: manufactured by Nippon Oil & Fats Co., Ltd. Beads stearic acid paulownia Liquid rubber 1: HV100 manufactured by Shin Nippon Petrochemical (molecular weight is about 1000)
Liquid rubber 2: Polybutadiene R-45HT (molecular weight is about 4000) manufactured by Idemitsu Petrochemical Co., Ltd.
Zinc flower: Zenda Chemical Zinc flower No. 3 Sulfur: Karuizawa Refinery Oil-treated sulfur (oil content: 5% by weight)
Accelerator 1: Sunsell DM (dibenzothiazyl disulfide) manufactured by Sanshin Chemical Industry
Accelerator 2: Nouchira NS-P (Nt-butyl-2-benzothiazolesulfenamide) manufactured by Ouchi Shinsei Chemical
本発明に従った有機化層状粘土鉱物複合体とはゴム中での分散性に優れ、得られるゴム組成物は破断強度などが改良されるため、例えば空気入りタイヤの部材などとして使用するのに有用である。 The organic layered clay mineral composite according to the present invention is excellent in dispersibility in rubber, and the resulting rubber composition has improved breaking strength, so that it can be used, for example, as a member of a pneumatic tire. Useful.
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