JP2005238442A - Slide guide device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a slide guide device in which lubricating oil is fed into a gap between guide surfaces of a support body and slide surfaces of a movable body, wherein the slide guide device minimizes a contact surface pressure between the guide surfaces and the slide surfaces and suppresses the slide surfaces from lifting and rocking. <P>SOLUTION: The slide guide device slides and guides the movable body 5 in contact with the slide surface 8 via the lubricating oil on the guide surface 2a of the support body 1. The slide guide device has: a means for reducing surface pressure for the guide surface 2a of the support body by using a surface pressure adjusting pocket 13 formed on the slide surface 8 of the movable body 5 and allowing the lubricating oil to be injected therein; a means for suppressing the floating of the slide surface of the movable body 5 by using a static pressure pocket 18 formed on the slide surface in contact with the guide surface 2c opposed to the guide surface 2a facing the face pressure reducing means and allowing the lubricating oil to be injected therein; and a position stabilizing means for suppressing rocking of the movable body by using a static pressure pocket 17 formed on the slide surface 15 extending in a direction orthogonal to a moving direction of the movable body 5 and allowing the lubricating oil to be injected therein. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a sliding guide device, for example, a sliding guide device in a machine tool.

A conventional sliding guide device for a machine tool guides and supports a lubricant in a contact state between a guide surface of a support body such as a bed and a sliding surface of a moving body such as a table. It has become. In this type of sliding guide device, there is a problem of frictional wear at the contact portion, an excessive feed force, and a problem of fluctuations in the feed force. Therefore, a surface pressure adjustment pocket is provided on the sliding surface, and pressure oil is supplied to this surface pressure adjustment pocket to support the weight of the moving body and reduce the contact surface pressure between the guide surface and the sliding surface (the frictional force is reduced). Mitigation).
JP 54-126850 A JP 62-57832 A JP 62-241629 A JP-A-6-735 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 16-17767 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 3-79249

In a sliding guide apparatus that guides and supports a lubricant in a contact state between a guide surface of a bed (support) of a machine tool and a sliding surface of a table (moving body) as described above, the lubricant Due to the dynamic pressure effect due to the viscosity of the table, the front part of the table in the moving direction may be lifted, and the table posture may become unstable. In that case, if the contact pressure is reduced (reducing frictional force) by providing the contact pressure adjusting pocket as described above, the tendency of the front portion of the table to move upward becomes remarkable.
The present invention provides a sliding guide device in which lubricating oil is interposed between a guide surface of a support and a sliding surface of a moving body, reducing contact surface pressure between the guide surface and the sliding surface (reducing frictional force) and lifting. The purpose is to solve the above-mentioned contradiction problem of prevention.

The sliding guide device of the present invention is a sliding guide device that slides and guides a moving body in a state in which the sliding surface is in contact by interposing lubricating oil on the upper and lower and both side guide surfaces of the support, and the surface of the support with respect to the guide surface The pressure reducing means, the floating suppression means for the sliding surface of the moving body, and the posture stabilizing means for regulating the sliding in the direction perpendicular to the moving direction of the moving body on the guide surface of the support body are provided on the sliding surface of the moving body.
The surface pressure reducing means for the guide surface of the support is such that the surface pressure adjustment sliding surface section is at least at both ends in the moving direction of the moving body on the sliding surface of the moving body that is slidingly guided by the upper guide surface of the support that supports the load of the moving body. Is formed in two or more places including the section, and an oil groove with an oil supply hole is formed in the sliding surface in the middle area between adjacent surface pressure adjusting sliding surface sections. This is a surface pressure adjusting pocket which is surrounded by a land portion and is opened with a lubricating oil supply port adjusted to a desired pressure.

The levitation suppression means is a static pressure pocket that regulates the lifting of the moving body in a direction opposite to the load of the moving body formed in the moving direction on the sliding surface of the moving body that is slid and guided on the lower guide surface of the support body. The posture stabilizing means is a static control that regulates sliding in a direction perpendicular to the moving direction and the load direction of the moving body formed in the moving direction on the sliding surface of the moving body that is slid and guided by the both side guide surfaces of the support. It is a pressure pocket.
And the static pressure pocket of the sliding surface of the moving body with respect to the guide surfaces on the lower side and both sides of the support body is formed in the number and position corresponding to the surface pressure adjusting sliding surface section.

Lubricating oil supplied from an external pressure oil supply source fills the surface pressure adjusting pocket and leaks out from the gap between the guide surface and the sliding surface.
In the means for suppressing the floating of the sliding surface of the moving body, the lubricating oil supplied from another external pressure oil supply source fills the static pressure pocket and flows out through the gap between the sliding surface and the guide surface. Is done. At that time, static pressure acts between the sliding surface and the guide surface.

The lubricating oil that fills the surface pressure adjustment pocket is in a state where the sliding surface of the moving body is in a floating contact state with the guide surface of the support body under the resultant force of the static pressure of the static pressure pocket and the load of the moving body. Support the moving body.
Therefore, the moving body moves while being guided by the guide surface of the support.

  At that time, due to the movement of the moving body, the moving body tends to float due to the dynamic pressure effect generated in the lubricating oil between the guide surface and the sliding surface assisted by the lubricating oil filling the surface pressure adjusting pocket. The levitation is particularly noticeable on the tip side in the moving direction. Then, the gap between the sliding surface and the guide surface in the static pressure pocket is narrowed, the pressure in the static pressure pocket is increased, and the force that presses the moving body in the direction opposite to the floating direction, that is, the above-described dynamic pressure effect. The force that opposes the floating of the moving body works. Thus, the floating of the moving body is suppressed.

  When the moving body tries to displace in the direction orthogonal to the moving direction of the moving body due to the movement of the moving body on the guide surface, the posture stabilizing means works. That is, as in the case of the levitation suppressing means, the static pressure pocket works, and the displacement in the direction orthogonal to the moving direction of the moving body is suppressed.

The sliding guide device according to the present invention is a sliding guide in which lubricating oil is interposed between a guide surface of a support and a sliding surface of a moving body to guide and support both in a contact state. (Friction force) is reduced, thereby reducing the feed driving force and wear during sliding of the moving body, and the use of low-viscosity lubricating oil enables the fluid resistance of the lubricating oil to be reduced and high-speed feeding possible. Become.
In addition, the problem of facilitating the floating of the moving body due to the dynamic pressure effect due to the viscosity of the lubricating oil accompanying the installation of the surface pressure adjusting pocket is also included in the floating restraining means of the sliding surface of the moving body, so that the sliding of the moving body It can also be solved by suppressing surface levitation.

  The sliding guide device of the present invention is also provided with posture stabilizing means, and similarly suppresses displacement (lateral deflection) in the direction perpendicular to the moving direction of the moving body when the moving body slides on the guide surface of the support. be able to.

A slip guide device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings as a slide guide device for a machine tool in which, for example, a support is a bed and a moving body is a table.
First, a sliding guide device for a machine tool according to an embodiment of the invention will be described. In the following description, up, down, left, and right are directions in FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the bed 1 of the machine tool has guide ribs 2 and 2 that protrude outwardly in a rib shape on both sides of the upper portion and extend in the moving direction (perpendicular to the plane of FIG. 1). In addition, a concave groove portion 4 in which the feed ball screw 3 is accommodated extends in the moving direction in the upper center. The upper surfaces of the guide ridges 2 and 2 including the upper surface of the bed 1 form the upper guide surface 2a, the side surfaces of the guide ridges 2 and 2 form the side guide surfaces 2b, and the lower surface also forms the lower guide surface 2c. doing.

  A table 5 is placed on the bed 1 so as to be slidable in the movement direction (perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. 1). The table 5 is fixed to the upper surface of the bed 1, that is, the table upper plate portion 51 placed on the upper guide surface 2 a, and the side plan of the guide ridge portions 2, 2. The side guide members 52, 52 facing the inner surfaces 2b, 2b and the outer side portions are fixed to the lower surfaces of the side guide members 52, 52, and the inner side portions are provided on the lower guide surfaces 2c, 2c of the guide protrusions 2, 2. The lower guide members 53 and 53 are opposed to each other.

That is, both side edges of the table upper plate portion 51, the side guide members 52, 52 and the lower guide members 53, 53 surround the guide protrusions 2, 2, and the upper moving surfaces 51a, 51a, side portions A moving surface having an opposing U-shaped cross section formed of moving surfaces 52a, 52a and lower moving surfaces 53a, 53a is formed.
A nut holding portion 7 holding a ball screw nut 6 is formed on the lower surface of the center of the table upper plate portion 51. The nut holding portion 7 protrudes into the groove portion 4, and the ball screw nut 6 is received in the groove portion 4. The feed ball screw 3 is rotationally driven by a drive mechanism (not shown).

The shape of the upper moving surface 51a of the table upper plate portion 51 is the shape shown in FIG.
That is, on each of the upper moving surfaces 51 a on both sides of the table 5, a belt-like sliding surface 8 having a minute height appropriately formed in the moving direction of the table 5 (perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. 1) is formed. For example, anti-seizure measures are taken, for example, turkite is used, and a scraping surface treatment is applied to maintain lubricity.

  The sliding surface 8 is formed with a surface pressure adjusting sliding surface section 11 having both ends separated by a discharge groove 9 having a minute width in a direction perpendicular to the moving direction of the table 5. A rectangular concave portion, that is, a surface pressure adjusting pocket 13 is formed around the land portion 12 which becomes a sliding surface having an appropriate width (at least wider than that in the case of a static pressure pocket).

  The surface pressure adjusting sliding surface section 11 is formed at least at both ends in the moving direction of the table 5, and when the table 5 is long, or when the weight is particularly large, one or more in the middle portion in addition to the both ends. The appropriate number of surface pressure adjusting sliding surface sections 11 are arranged at regular intervals, for example. And as for the discharge groove 9 of the outer side of each surface pressure adjustment sliding surface section 11 formed in both ends, one side may be opened as shown in FIG. The depth of the discharge groove 9 is smaller than the height of the sliding surface 8, and the groove bottom does not reach the upper moving surface 51 a of the table 5.

A concave groove, that is, an oil groove 14 represented by an N-shape is formed on the sliding surface 8 in the intermediate region between the adjacent surface pressure adjusting sliding surface sections 11 and 11 as necessary. Therefore, there may be an intermediate region where the oil groove 14 is not formed.
In the example shown in FIG. 3, the surface pressure adjusting sliding surface section 11 is formed at both ends in the moving direction of the table 5, and the oil groove 14 is formed in the sliding surface 8 in the intermediate region.

  On the side moving surface 52a and the lower side moving surface 53a, belt-like sliding surfaces 15 and 16 having a minute width appropriately formed in the moving direction of the table 5 (perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. 1) are formed. , 16 are formed with static pressure pockets 17, 18 of appropriate shapes arranged in the moving direction. The static pressure pockets 17 and 18 are preferably formed in the number and position corresponding to the surface pressure adjusting sliding surface section 11.

The table upper plate portion 51 is formed with a circulation hole 19 and a circulation hole 20 connected to an external pressure oil supply source (not shown) that supplies lubricating oil adjusted to different desired pressures. The branch 20 is branched so as to send lubricating oil to the moving surfaces on both sides.
The flow holes 19 on each side further branch, and each branch tip is an oil supply port 21 opened at the center of each surface pressure adjusting pocket 13.

  The flow hole 20 on each side is formed as a hole formed in the side guide member 52 that is prevented from leaking by the O-ring 23, and is further formed in the lower guide member 53 that is prevented from leaking by the O-ring 23. It continues as a hole, and further branches by a side guide member 52 and a lower guide member 53, and each branch tip of the flow hole 20 is throttled 24, 25 at the center of each static pressure pocket 17, 18. Is open through.

  A flow hole for supplying lubricating oil adjusted to another desired pressure (not shown) is formed in the table upper plate portion 51. The flow hole branches so as to send the lubricating oil to the moving surfaces on both sides. Is an oil supply port 22 opened at the center of the oil groove 14. If there are a plurality of oil grooves 14 on each side, the branch flow holes are further branched on each side.

First, the lubricating oil supplied from an external pressure oil supply source (not shown) flows through the flow hole 19, and the lubricating oil flowing out from the oil supply port 21 fills the surface pressure adjusting pocket 13 with a predetermined hydraulic pressure. The lubricating oil leaked from between the land portion 12 and the upper guide surface 2 a of the bed 1 flows out of the sliding surface 8 through the discharge groove 9 or directly.
Further, the lubricating oil flowing out from the oil supply port 22 of another flow hole fills the oil groove 14, lubricates between the sliding surface 8 and the upper guide surface 2 a of the bed 1, via the discharge groove 9, or directly. It flows out of the sliding surface 8.

  Lubricating oil supplied from another external pressure oil supply source (not shown) flows through the flow hole 20, and the lubricating oil that has flowed out after being reduced to a predetermined pressure by the throttles 24 and 25 fills the static pressure pockets 17 and 18. It flows between the sliding surfaces 15, 16 and the side guide surfaces 2b, 2b and the lower guide surfaces 2c, 2c and flows out of the sliding surfaces 15, 16. At that time, static pressure acts between the sliding surfaces 15, 16 and the side guide surfaces 2b, 2b and the lower guide surfaces 2c, 2c.

  The lubricating oil filling the surface pressure adjusting pocket 13 floats with respect to the upper guide surface 2 a of the bed 1 under the resultant force of the static pressure of the static pressure pocket 18 and the load of the table 5. The table 5 is supported so as to be in a contact state (contact only at a portion having a rough surface).

  Therefore, when the feed ball screw 3 is rotationally driven by a drive mechanism (not shown), the table 5 is such that the upper moving surfaces 51a and 51a, the side moving surfaces 52a and 52a, and the lower moving surfaces 53a and 53a are guided by the bed 1. It is guided by the strips 2 and 2 and fed in the direction perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. That is, the sliding surface 8 slides on the upper guide surface 2a, the sliding surface 15 slides on the side guide surface 2b, and the sliding surface 16 slides on the lower guide surface 2c.

At that time, the lubricating oil that has flowed out of the oil supply port 22 and filled the oil groove 14 lubricates the sliding between the upper guide surface 2 a of the bed 1 and the sliding surface 8 of the table 5.
And since the table 5 slides in the contact state of the lift by the contact pressure adjusting pocket 13 (contact only at a portion having a rough surface roughness), the table 5 moves with reduced frictional force between the guide surface and the sliding surface. . That is, feed driving force and wear are reduced.

As an actual numerical example, in the numerical values illustrated in FIG. 5, the surface pressure (MPa) is appropriately 0 to 0.05.
Since the surface pressure between the guide surface and the sliding surface is reduced, it is possible to use a low-viscosity lubricating oil, so that the fluid resistance of the lubricating oil is small and high-speed feeding is possible.

  Due to the feeding of the table 5, the dynamic pressure effect generated in the lubricating oil between the upper guide surface 2 a of the bed 1 and the sliding surface 8 of the table 5 further promoted by the lubricating oil filling the surface pressure adjusting pocket 13, 5 tries to surface. Levitation is particularly noticeable on the leading end side in the feed direction.

Then, the gap between the sliding surface 16 and the lower guide surface 2c in the static pressure pocket 18 is narrowed, and the pressure in the static pressure pocket 18 is increased, so that the lower guide member 53, that is, the table 5 is pushed downward. In addition, a force acting against the floating of the table 5 due to the above-described dynamic pressure effect works. Thus, the floating of the table 5 is suppressed.
As can be seen from FIG. 4, even if the effect is the same surface pressure between the upper guide surface 2a and the sliding surface 8, the lift is suppressed.

  In the feed of the table 5, when the displacement of the table 5 is about to occur in the direction perpendicular to the feed direction (left and right direction in FIG. 1), the sliding surface 15 and the side guide surface 2b in the static pressure pocket 17 on the displacement direction side. And the pressure in the static pressure pocket 17 decreases, the gap between the sliding surface 15 and the side guide surface 2b in the static pressure pocket 17 on the opposite side in the displacement direction becomes narrow, and the static pressure pocket The pressure in 17 rises and a force in the direction opposite to the lateral displacement of the side guide members 52, 52, that is, the table 5, acts. Thus, the horizontal displacement of the table 5 is suppressed.

1 is a cross-sectional view of a sliding guide device for a machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an enlarged partial view of FIG. 1. It is the top view and sectional drawing of the upper side sliding surface structure of the table of the sliding guide apparatus of the machine tool in embodiment of this invention. It is a graph which shows the effect of the floating suppression of the sliding surface of the sliding guide apparatus of the machine tool of this invention. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the surface pressure of the sliding surface in a sliding guide apparatus of a machine tool, levitation | floating, and feed force.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Bed 2 Guide protrusion part 2a Upper side guide surface 2b Side guide surface 2c Lower side guide surface 2d Side guide surface 3 Feed ball screw 4 Groove part 5 Table 51 Table upper board part 51a Upper side moving surface 51b, 51d Side side moving surface 51c Protruding portion 52 Side guide member 52a Side moving surface 53 Lower guide member 53a Lower moving surface 6 Ball screw nut 7 Nut holding portion 8 Sliding surface 9 Discharge groove 11 Surface pressure adjusting sliding surface section 12 Land portion 13 Surface pressure adjusting Pocket 14 Oil groove 15, 16 Sliding surface 17, 18 Static pressure pocket 19, 20 Flow hole 21, 22 Oil supply port 23 O-ring 24, 25 Restriction

Claims (6)

In the sliding guide device that slides and guides the moving body in a state where the sliding surface is in contact with the guide surface of the support body through the lubricating oil,
A sliding guide apparatus comprising: a sliding surface of a moving body provided with a surface pressure reducing means for the guide surface of the support and a floating suppression means for the sliding surface of the moving body. In the sliding guide device that slides and guides the moving body in a state where the sliding surface is in contact with the guide surface of the support body through the lubricating oil,
A surface pressure reducing means for the guide surface of the support, a levitation suppression means for the sliding surface of the moving body, and a posture stabilizing means for restricting the sliding of the moving body on the guide surface in the direction perpendicular to the moving direction of the moving body. A sliding guide device provided on a sliding surface. The surface pressure reducing means for the guide surface of the support body is a surface pressure adjusting pocket into which lubricating oil formed on the sliding surface of the moving body is pressed, and the floating suppression means for the sliding surface of the moving body is a guide for the support body. The sliding guide device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the sliding guide device is a static pressure pocket into which lubricating oil is formed, which is formed on a sliding surface that comes into contact with the guide surface facing the surface. The surface pressure reducing means for the guide surface of the support body is a surface pressure adjusting pocket into which lubricating oil formed on the sliding surface of the moving body is pressed, and the floating suppression means for the sliding surface of the moving body is a guide for the support body. The sliding guide device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the sliding guide device is a rolling linear motion bearing supported by a moving body so as to elastically contact a guide surface facing the surface. The sliding guide device according to claim 2, wherein the posture stabilizing means is a static pressure pocket into which lubricating oil is formed, which is formed on a sliding surface that comes into contact with a guide surface that is opposed in a direction orthogonal to the moving direction of the moving body. The sliding guide according to claim 2, wherein the posture stabilizing means is a rolling linear motion bearing supported by the moving body so as to elastically contact a guide surface of the supporting body facing in a direction orthogonal to the moving direction of the moving body. apparatus.

Images