JP2005230640A - System and method for recovering lead bullet - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a lead bullet recovering system and a method therefor for recovering lead bullets causing pollution from soil polluted with scattered lead bullets, without causing secondary pollution. <P>SOLUTION: This lead bullet recovering system is provided with a hopper 211 receiving earth and sand with lead bullets scattered therein; a conduit 214 for crushing earth and sand and classifying lead bullets, connected to the hopper 211, and having at least one bent part 212 and a rising part 213 provided on the downstream side of the bent part 212; an air tank 216 connected to the conduit 214 and supplying air to the conduit 214; and a reducer 217 adjusting to allow the earth and sand to rise and the lead bullets to fall in the rising part 213. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a lead bullet separation and recovery system and method for separating and collecting, for example, lead bullets that are the source of contamination from soil scattered with lead bullets such as shooting ranges.

  Traditionally, lead shots have been used in many shooting ranges in various locations. Lead shots used in shooting contain about 300 to 500 small spherical lead bullets with a diameter of 2 to 4 mm per actual package, and some 20 tons of lead bullets are used every year depending on the shooting range. . In general, the site of the shooting range is vast, and collecting extremely small lead bullets scattered over a wide area may require enormous costs, labor and time. It was left in the grounds of the venue.

However, in recent years, soil pollution using abandoned lead bullets as a pollution source has become apparent. As a countermeasure against soil contamination in which lead bullets are scattered, such as shooting ranges where lead bullets are scattered, there is no choice but to remove the lead bullets that are the source of contamination from the soil. The bullets are not only those that remain on the ground surface, but are often hidden by vegetation, accumulated leaves, or buried deep in the ground for many years due to their own weight. There are many cases.
On the other hand, after excavating contaminated soil and performing wet classification treatment while adding water to the excavated soil, a method of recovering metal pieces by combining specific gravity separation has been proposed (see, for example, Non-patent Document 1). ).

Shigeru Hamada and 4 others, "Metal fragment recovery and purification method from heavy metal-contaminated soil containing metal fragments", 8th lecture meeting on groundwater and soil contamination and prevention measures, 8th groundwater and soil contamination Research Committee Executive Committee on Prevention and its Countermeasures, June 2002, p. 299-300

  However, in the above prior art, wet classification is used in which classification is performed while water is added to the excavated contaminated soil, so that a large amount of treated water is required for classification. When collecting lead bullets scattered in the soil by this method, for example, lead that had eluted in the soil was dissolved in the treated water used in large quantities, and as a result, the treated water became a new source of contamination, and this new There is also the possibility of causing secondary contamination due to the scattering of the pollution source.

  The present invention has been made on the basis of the above-mentioned matters, and the purpose thereof is a lead bullet recovery system capable of recovering lead bullets as a pollution source from contaminated soil in which lead bullets are scattered without causing secondary contamination. And to provide a method.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a hopper for receiving earth and sand in which lead bullets are scattered, and at least one bent portion connected to the hopper, and downstream of the bent portion. A pipeline for earth crushing and lead bullet classification having a rising portion provided on the side, an air supply means connected to the pipeline and supplying an air flow to the pipeline, and an air flow flowing in the pipeline And a flow rate adjusting means for adjusting the flow rate so that the sediment rises and the lead bullets contained in the sediment fall at the rising portion.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a hopper for receiving earth and sand in which lead bullets are scattered, earth and sand crushing having at least one bent portion connected to the hopper, and a rising portion provided downstream of the bent portion, and A lead bullet classification pipe, an injection nozzle attached to a plurality of places including at least the bent portion in the pipe, and an air flow connected to the pipe and supplying the air flow to the pipe and the injection nozzle It is characterized by comprising air supply means and flow speed adjusting means for adjusting the flow velocity of the air flow flowing in the pipe line so that the earth and sand rises at the rising portion and the lead bullets contained in the earth and sand fall. .

  According to a third aspect, in the second aspect, the injection nozzle includes an acceleration injection nozzle that injects an air flow that gives a driving force to the earth and sand, and an opposing injection nozzle that injects an air flow that pulverizes the earth and sand. Features.

  According to a fourth invention, in any one of the first to third inventions, a filter connected to the downstream side of the pipe and collecting earth and sand discharged from the pipe is provided.

  A fifth invention is characterized in that in any one of the first to fourth inventions, there is provided a lead bullet collecting device for sorting and collecting the lead bullets discharged from the conduit by the action of an alternating magnetic field. .

  6th invention supplies the earth and sand in which the lead bullets were scattered to the pipe line which has the standing part provided in the downstream of this curve part at least one place, and flows in the said pipe line After transporting the sand and sand with air flow, colliding with the bent portion and pulverizing, lift the earth and sand at the rising portion using the difference in terminal velocity between the sand and lead bullet It is characterized by classifying lead bullets from the earth and sand by lowering the lead bullets contained in the earth and sand.

  According to the present invention, by putting the earth and sand into the air flow flowing in the pipe line, while the earth and sand are dried, the earth and sand collide with the curved portion of the pipe line and pulverize, and from the difference in the terminal speed Lead bullets can be classified from earth and sand. In this way, the lead ammunition can be easily recovered in a dry manner, so that the lead eluted in the earth and sand does not dissolve in the treated water and become a new contamination source, and the expansion of the contamination and the treatment accompanying it can be avoided.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of a lead bullet recovery system of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
The lead bullet recovery system of the present invention is a system that efficiently collects lead bullets from soil in which lead bullets are scattered, such as an outdoor shooting range. In addition, since it is assumed that the soil of a vast site is treated, it is more effective to investigate the distribution of lead bullets in advance and specify the extent to which lead bullets are scattered to some extent. However, the following embodiment is applicable not only to the ground of the shooting range where lead bullets are scattered, but also to the soil of similar environment where other conductors are scattered in a solid state. It is.

FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram schematically showing an embodiment of the lead bullet recovery system of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, this system is roughly classified into a pulverizing and classifying step A for pulverizing earth and sand to classify lead bullets from the earth and sand, and a selection for selecting lead bullets from the earth and sand pulverized in the pulverizing and classifying step A. It consists of process B.

  In the pulverization and classification step A, the pre-granulating device 110 that pre-fines the earth and sand (contaminated soil contaminated by scattered lead bullets) supplied by the hydraulic excavator 100, the gas supply device 200, and the gas supply device 200 From a pulverizing and classifying device 210 for classifying lead bullets by drying and pulverizing the earth and sand refined by the pre-granulating device 110 with the energy of gas (for example, air) from A bag filter 270 that removes dust (such as residual sediment fine particles) and a vacuum pump 295 are used.

  The hydraulic excavator 100 is a self-propelled type that is very commonly used at a normal construction site, and includes a traveling body 101, a revolving body 102 provided on the upper portion of the traveling body 101 so as to be able to swivel, and the revolving body. And an articulated working device 103 that is pivotably connected to 102. With such a configuration, the excavator 100 excavates and accumulates the soil by the work device 103 and inputs the accumulated earth and sand into the pre-fine granulating device 110. The hydraulic excavator 100 is arranged as earth and sand supply means for supplying the target earth and sand to the pre-granulating device 110, and as long as this is the case, other apparatuses such as a belt conveyor may be substituted. .

FIG. 2 is a side view showing the overall configuration of the pre-granulation apparatus 110 constituting one embodiment of the lead bullet recovery system of the present invention.
In FIG. 2, reference numeral 1 denotes a frame. The frame 1 forms a gantry with a plurality of support posts and a plurality of support members provided on the plurality of support posts. 2 is a transport conveyor for transporting earth and sand, and the conveyor frame 3 has an upstream side (left side in FIG. 2) on the frame 1 so that it is inclined upward toward the downstream side in the transport direction (right side in FIG. 2). The downstream sides are respectively supported by the legs 7. Reference numerals 4 and 5 denote driven wheels and drive wheels rotatably provided at both ends of the conveyor frame 3, respectively. Reference numeral 6 denotes a conveyor belt wound around the driven wheels 4 and drive wheels 5. The drive wheels 5 are driven by a driving device (not shown). The conveyor belt 6 is driven to circulate between the driving wheel 5 and the driven wheel 4 by being rotationally driven. Reference numeral 8 denotes a plurality of support rollers for supporting the conveyance surface of the conveyance belt 6, and a plurality of these support rollers 8 are arranged below the conveyance surface of the conveyance belt 6 at a predetermined interval.

  Reference numeral 9 denotes a hopper for receiving earth and sand, and this hopper 9 is supported by the frame 1 via a support member 10 so as to be located at the upstream end (left side in FIG. 2) of the conveyor frame 3 in the direction of earth and sand conveyance. . The hopper 9 is formed so as to expand upward. The hopper 9 receives the earth and sand from the earth and sand supply means such as the hydraulic excavator 100 and guides it onto the transport belt 6. The width of the lower opening of the hopper 9 is set to be approximately equal to or smaller than the width of the conveyor belt 6.

  In addition, a sediment removal outlet (not shown) is provided in the downstream side wall of the hopper 9 so as to face the conveyance belt 6, and the conveyance conveyor 2 removes the sediment in the hopper 9 from this sediment removal. It is conveyed outside the hopper 9 via the outlet. The amount of earth and sand conveyed by the conveyor 2 is determined by the opening area of the earth and sand cutting exit and the conveying speed of the conveying belt 6.

  11 is an additive supply device for supplying additive to the earth and sand conveyed on the conveyor belt 6, and this additive supply device 11 is located downstream from the hopper 9 (right side in FIG. 2). It is supported by the frame 1. As the additive added to the earth and sand, those having a property of reducing the plasticity of the earth and sand or a property of enclosing the earth and sand particles constituting the earth and sand, such as quick lime and slaked lime, are preferable.

  The additive supply apparatus 11 includes an additive storage part 12 having a substantially square horizontal cross section, a supply part 13 for deriving the additive in the storage part 12 downward, and an additive in the storage part 12 as a supply part 13. And a chute 14 serving as a funnel leading to

  The storage unit 12 includes a bellows portion 15 provided continuously with the chute 14 and a top plate portion 16 that covers the upper portion of the bellows portion 15. The bellows portion 15 is made of a flexible material that can expand and contract (for example, a polyethylene rubber material), and is reinforced by a plurality of reinforcing rings 17 because an internal pressure from an additive stored therein acts. At this time, since the internal pressure due to the additive in the bellows portion 15 becomes higher as it goes downward, the mounting pitch of the reinforcing ring 17 becomes narrower as it goes down as shown in FIG.

  The bellows portion 15 described above is fixed in a state where the bellows portion 15 is extended, for example, during operation, etc., to secure a sufficient internal volume of the storage portion 12, and when transported by a trailer or the like, the bellows portion 12 is By reducing and fixing, it has the function of keeping the transport height within the limits.

  Reference numeral 18 denotes an opening / closing lid provided at the improvement material insertion port substantially at the center of the top plate portion 16. The opening / closing lid 18 opens outward, and in the fully opened state, it is opened obliquely upward by a stopper (not shown). It looks like it is still. Although not particularly illustrated, a cutter is provided in the storage unit 12 described above. This cutter is provided so as to project upward so as to face the inlet of the additive, and the bottom of the flexible container of the additive inserted into the storage part 12 by a crane or the like through the inlet is cut, It has a function of smoothly filling the storage portion 12 with the internal additive.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing the detailed structure of the supply unit 13.
In FIG. 3, reference numeral 19 denotes a substantially cylindrical casing of the supply unit 13, and the casing 13 is provided so that the additive supply port 20 is positioned above the conveyor belt 6. Reference numeral 21 denotes a rotating shaft rotatably supported by a bearing in the casing 19, and reference numeral 22 denotes a screw (auger) provided spirally on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 21. The pitch of the screws 22 is gradually set larger toward the supply port 20 side. This is because the supply of the additive may be biased to the upstream side, and as a result, a so-called rathole phenomenon may occur, so that the generation of this rathole phenomenon is suppressed.

  Reference numeral 23 denotes a drive device connected to the rotary shaft 21, and this drive device 23 rotates the screw 22. Thereby, the screw 22 transfers the additive in the supply unit 13 toward the supply port 20 and supplies the additive to the earth and sand transported on the transport conveyor 6 by a certain amount. The drive device 23 has a configuration in which the rotation speed can be controlled, and the supply speed of the additive can be adjusted by controlling the rotation speed. Further, as can be seen with reference to FIG. 2, the casing 19 is arranged in an upward slope in the additive material transfer direction (right direction in FIG. 2) so that the height of the additive material supply device 11 can be reduced. It is. In addition, in this Embodiment, although the supply part 13 is comprised with the screw feeder, it is also possible to use a rotary feeder etc., for example.

  In FIG. 2, reference numeral 24 denotes a crushing device that mixes contaminated soil and additive materials conveyed on the conveyor 11. In the present example, the example in which two crushing devices 24 are provided is illustrated, but the number of units is not limited, and three or more units may be provided or only one unit may be provided.

4 is a side view showing the detailed structure of the crushing device 24, FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VV in FIG. 5, and FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VI-VI in FIG. In the figure, the same reference numerals as those shown in the preceding drawings are the same parts.
4 to 6, reference numeral 151 denotes a support frame provided on the conveyor frame 3. The support frame 151 includes a base frame 151a provided on the conveyor frame 3 and a plurality of posts erected on the base frame 151a. 151b and a bracket 151c provided on these posts 151b. A swing member 152 is swingably supported by the support member 151. The upper end of the swing member 152 is connected to the bracket 151c via a support shaft 153.

  Reference numeral 155 denotes a rotating body for crushing the contaminated soil together with the additive. The rotating body 155 is provided with a rotating shaft 156 rotatably held at the tip of the swing member 152 and a substantially radial shape with respect to the rotating shaft 156. And a plurality of blades 157 formed. The rotating shaft 156 is provided substantially horizontally above the conveyor belt 6 so as to extend in a direction substantially orthogonal to the conveyor frame 3 (left-right direction in FIG. 5). The rotating shaft 156 includes support portions 156a and 156a at both ends supported by the swing member 152 through bearings 158 and 158, and an intermediate portion 156b interposed between the support portions 156a and 156a. Yes. A flange 156c is provided at each of the opposing ends of the intermediate portion 156b and the support members 156a and 156a, and the intermediate portion 156b and the support members 156a and 156a are connected to each other via, for example, bolts or the like. It is concluded.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 6, the blade 157 rotates in the direction opposite to the conveyance direction of the conveyance belt 6 and is inclined in the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the rotating body 155. Further, the blades 157 are each curved in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 156, and the curved directions are alternated between the blades 157 adjacent in the circumferential direction. The rotation locus of the rotator 155 is close to the conveyor belt 6. In this way, by rotating the blade 157 in the direction opposite to the sediment transport direction, it is shaped so that part of the transported soil and additives is rebounded, and the contact frequency between the contaminated soil and the additive and the blade 157 is ensured. It is supposed to be. At the same time, each blade 157 is curved in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 156, so that a contact area between the earth and sand and the additive and the blade 157 is secured.

  Reference numeral 159 denotes a mounting plate attached to the intermediate portion 156b of the rotating shaft 156 at almost equal intervals in the axial direction. Strictly speaking, each blade 157 is detachably provided on the mounting plate 159 by, for example, a bolt 160 or the like. It has been. And as above-mentioned, since this intermediate part 156b is detachable with respect to the support parts 156a and 156a of the rotating shaft 156, when the blade | wing 157 is replaced | exchanged, it becomes a structure which can be removed with the intermediate shaft 156. ing. The swing member 152 described above has a function of preventing the rotation of the blades 157 from being stopped due to a stone or the like being caught between the blades 157 and the conveyor belt 6.

  161 is a driving device of the crushing device 24, and this driving device 161 is provided on the bracket 151c on one side (the right side in FIG. 5). Reference numerals 162 and 163 denote sprockets provided at the ends of the output shaft 161 a of the driving device 161 and the support portion 156 a of the rotary shaft 156, respectively. Reference numerals 164 denote chains wound around the sprockets 162 and 163. As a result, the driving force of the driving device 161 is transmitted to the rotating body 155, and the rotating body 155 is driven to rotate as shown in FIG. The driving device 161 can adjust the rotation speed.

  Reference numeral 165 denotes a cover that is formed so as to cover the rotator 155 and prevents scattering of earth and sand and additives that are spun up by the rotator 155. The cover 165 is rotatably supported by a rotation shaft 156 (support portion 156 a) and is configured to be able to swing relative to the swing member 152. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, a plurality of plates 166 having grooves 166a formed in an arc shape concentric with the rotating shaft 156 (support portion 156a) are provided on the side surface of the cover 165 (two in each example, A total of 4) are installed. Reference numeral 167 denotes a pin provided on the inner side of the swinging member 152. The pin 167 is provided corresponding to the plate 166 and is fitted in the groove 166 a of the plate 166. As a result, when a large foreign matter is mixed in the transport earth and sand on the transport belt 6, the swinging member 152 is prevented from swinging and the foreign matter is caught between the rotating body 155 and the transport belt 6. At the same time, the gap between the cover 165 and the conveyor belt 6 is made as small as possible even when swinging to prevent scattering of earth and sand.

  With the above configuration, the pre-granulating device 110 conveys the earth and sand received in the hopper 9 by the conveying conveyor 2, and during the conveyance, the additive material is supplied to the earth and sand by the additive material supplying device 11, and the crushing device 24 Crush (pulverize) with additives.

  Returning to FIG. 1, the gas supply device 200 includes a so-called roots type positive displacement blower 201. The blower 201 is driven by a driving force transmitted from the driving device 202 via the transmission belt 203. Reference numeral 206 denotes a drive rotor that is rotationally driven by the drive device 202. Although not shown in the drawing, a driven rotor meshes with this drive rotor via a transmission gear, and the driven rotor and the drive rotor are oppositely synchronized. Rotate in the direction to compress and discharge the intake air.

  The casing of the blower 201 is provided with a suction port 204 and a discharge port 205, and a silencer 207 is attached to the upper end of the suction port 204. On the other hand, the discharge port 205 protrudes from below the casing 206. The discharge port 205 is connected to the pulverizing / classifying device 210 via the connecting pipe 208.

  With such a configuration, the gas supply device 200 causes the drive device and the driven rotor to be rotationally driven by the drive device 202, and discharges the gas (air) sucked into the casing 206 via the silencer 207 and the suction port 204. The pulverizing and classifying device 210 is supplied via the 205 and the connecting pipe 208.

FIG. 7 is a front sectional view showing the entire configuration of the pulverizing and classifying apparatus 210 constituting one embodiment of the lead bullet recovery system of the present invention, FIG. 8 is a top view thereof, and FIG. 9 is a view taken along arrows IX-IX in FIG. In these drawings, the same parts as those in the previous drawings are given the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.
7 to 9, the pulverizing and classifying device 210 includes a hopper 211 that receives earth and sand in which lead bullets are scattered, a bent portion 212, and a rising portion provided on the downstream side of the bent portion 212. Sediment crushing and lead bullet classification pipe 214 having a portion 213, injection nozzles 215 attached to a plurality of locations including the bent portion 212 in this pipe 214, and connected to the pipe 214. The air tank 216 as an air supply means for supplying an air flow to the nozzle 215 and the flow velocity of the air flow flowing through the pipe line 214 are adjusted so that the earth and sand rise at the rising portion 213 and the lead bullet contained in the earth and sand falls. And a widening member 217 as a flow rate adjusting means. The pulverizing / classifying device 210 includes a pulverizing unit 218 having a bent portion 212 with a two-dot chain line in FIG. 7 as a boundary, and a classifying unit 219 having a rising portion 213 and a lead bullet discharging unit 220. Yes.

  The pipe line 214 is configured by bolting flanges with a plurality of (in this example, nine) cylindrical pipes 221 to 229 with a sealant interposed therebetween, ensuring airtightness between the flanges and being separable. Therefore, it is easy to maintain and inspect the pipe and repair each part. In the present embodiment, the pipe 214 is divided according to its purpose and role, but the number is not limited, and may be larger or smaller than this within a range of other purposes.

  The cylindrical pipe 221 at the most upstream position is connected to the hopper 211 via an introduction pipe 230 provided at the upper part, and a sealing material is provided on the flange surface at the upstream end (left end in FIG. 7). The plate 231 is bolted through (not shown). The plate 231 is screwed with an acceleration injection nozzle 232. The hopper 211 is located below the discharge end of the conveyor 2 of the pre-granulating device 110. The hopper 211 is expanded upward in consideration of acceptability of earth and sand discharged from the conveyor 2, and the opening width of the upper opening is wider than the width of the conveyor belt 6 of the conveyor 2. ing.

  The cylindrical tube 222 connected to the downstream side of the cylindrical tube 221 is a curved tube having a bent portion 212, and the outer peripheral side of the bent portion 212 is directed in a flow direction at a predetermined angle with respect to a direction orthogonal to the tube wall. A plurality of acceleration injection nozzles 233 inclined in this manner are screwed together, and a plurality of pairs of opposed injection nozzles 234 are screwed into the straight pipe portion sandwiching the bent portion 212 so that each pair faces each other. It has been. The acceleration injection nozzle 233 and the counter injection nozzle 234 are provided in the curved flow path portion and the straight flow path portion, respectively, and the acceleration injection nozzle 233 opposes an air flow that mainly plays a role of providing a driving force to the earth and sand. The injection nozzle 234 injects an air flow that mainly plays a role of crushing earth and sand. Note that these nozzles 233 and 234 may impart a swirl component to the air flow in the pipe 214 in a direction eccentric to the pipe center.

  The cylindrical tube 221 is connected to the cylindrical tube 229 on the most downstream side via a detour channel constituted by the cylindrical tubes 223 to 228. In the present embodiment, among the cylindrical tubes 223 to 228 constituting the bypass channel, each of the cylindrical tube 224 that is the falling channel and the cylindrical tube 226 that is the rising channel is similar to the cylindrical tube 222 described above. A plurality of pairs of opposed injection nozzles 234 are screwed so as to face each other. In addition, the cylindrical tube 225 formed of a U-shaped tube connecting the cylindrical tubes 224 and 226 is directed in a flow direction at a predetermined angle with respect to a direction orthogonal to the tube wall, like the bent portion 212 of the cylindrical tube 222. A plurality of acceleration injection nozzles 233 inclined to each other are screwed together.

  The cylindrical tube 227 is provided with the aforementioned widening member 217. In this embodiment, the opening member 217 is configured by a reducer or the like, for example, and the cylindrical tube 227 includes a small-diameter portion 235 having a different diameter and a large-diameter portion 236 on the downstream side by the opening member 217. A diameter-enlarging flow path configured by connecting is formed. Thereby, the air flow in the pipe line 214 which flows into the classification part 219 is decelerated.

  Here, the difference between the flow velocity of the air flow and the mass transfer speed when the buoyancy acting on the substance rising on the air flow and gravity is balanced is referred to as the terminal velocity, and the air flow deceleration ability and gas by the expanding member 217. The air supply speed by the supply device 200 is set so that the flow velocity of the air flow that has reached the cylindrical tube 229 is a value between the terminal speed of earth and sand and the terminal speed of lead bullets. In other words, the widening member 217 has its deceleration capability (this is so that the flow velocity of the air flow at the rising portion 213 of the cylindrical tube 229 decelerates to a value that raises the crushed earth and sand and lowers the lead bullets contained therein. In this case, the pipe diameter difference between the small diameter portion 235 and the large diameter portion 236 is set according to the property and speed of the earth and sand when reaching the rising portion 213 and the discharge flow rate of the supply air by the gas supply device 200. .

  In the present embodiment, the widening member is used as the widening member 217. However, in short, it is sufficient that the flow rate can be adjusted. Therefore, the adjustment function of the discharge flow rate by the gas supply device 200 is also used as the flow rate adjusting unit. Further, the function of the flow velocity adjusting means can be achieved by adjusting the opening diameters of the injection nozzle 245 (described later), the acceleration injection nozzles 232 and 233, the counter injection nozzle 234, and the like of the air tank 216. In these cases, if the opening member 217 is not required, the opening member 217 may be omitted.

  The cylindrical tube 229 constituting the classifying portion 219 is connected to the rising portion 213 so that the connecting portion 237 from the upstream side pipe 228 gradually changes the flow direction from the horizontal direction to the vertically upward direction. . Further, the discharge unit 220 described above is connected to the lower end of the rising portion 213.

  The discharge part 220 is constituted by a so-called rotary feeder, and is attached to the lower end of the rising part 213 by bolting flanges with a seal material (not shown) interposed therebetween. Specifically, the rotor 241 in which a plurality of partition walls 240 are radially provided on the rotating shaft 239 is provided in the casing 238, and a mixture of lead bullets or the like that are separated from the earth and sand at the rising portion 213 and lowered. When the rotor 241 is rotated by being introduced into the space between the partition walls 240, it is sequentially discharged downward.

  Here, the air tank 216 is provided with inlets 244 for introducing air and a plurality of (four in this example) injection nozzles 245 that are screwed into the side walls 242 and 243, respectively. A connection pipe 208 from the gas supply device 200 is connected to the introduction port 244. Each injection nozzle 245 is appropriately connected to the acceleration injection nozzles 232 and 233 and the counter injection nozzle 234 attached to the above-described pipe line 214 via a hose 247, respectively. The air tank 216 has a substantially sealed structure except for the discharge port (not shown) in which the introduction port 244 and the injection nozzle 245 are screwed together, and the total opening area of the injection nozzle 245 is compared with the opening area of the introduction port 244. It is extremely small. As a result, the inside of the air tank 216 maintains a high pressure, and an air flow is injected at a high speed from the injection nozzle 245 so that air is injected into the conduit 214 through the acceleration injection nozzles 232 and 233 and the counter injection nozzle 234. It has become. The discharge flow rate of air from the air tank 216 can be adjusted by the diameter of the injection nozzle 245 and the air supply amount of the gas supply device 200.

  With the above-described configuration, the pulverizing / classifying device 210 is configured to cause the sand and sand introduced by the air flow supplied into the pipe 214 to be collided with each other and the earth and sand riding on the air current to bend in the pipe 214. The earth and sand are refined by colliding with the jet air from 212 and the opposed injection nozzle 234. The finely divided earth and sand rides on the air flow in the cylindrical tube, is separated from lead bullets by the difference in terminal velocity at the rising portion 213, and is discharged from the cylindrical tube 229 located on the most downstream side. The lead bullets separated from the crushed earth and sand without being conveyed by the air flow at the rising portion 213 are sequentially discharged from the discharge portion 220.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing the overall configuration of the bag filter 270 that constitutes an embodiment of the lead bullet recovery system of the present invention. In this figure, the same parts as those in the previous drawings are given the same reference numerals. Description is omitted.
The bag filter 270 shown in FIG. 10 is a filtration type dust collector having a known configuration, and includes a dust collection chamber 271 forming a main body, a chute 272 connected to the lower portion of the dust collection chamber 271, and a lower portion of the chute 272. The discharge section 273 is generally configured.

  The dust collection chamber 271 is formed of a cylindrical body having an open top and bottom section, and has flanges 274 and 275 provided at upper and lower ends thereof, and the top plate 276 and the top plate 276 are provided via the flanges 274 and 275, respectively. The chute 272 is bolted. The chute 272 is provided with an introduction port 277. A connecting pipe 263 to the cylindrical pipe 229 of the pulverizing / classifying device 210 is connected to the introduction pipe 277 via a flange 279 provided at the end thereof. The top plate 276 is provided with a discharge port 280 connected to a discharge pipe 281. A connection pipe 283 connected to the vacuum pump 295 is connected to the discharge pipe 281 through a flange 282 provided at the end thereof. A plurality of filters 284 are disposed inside the dust collection chamber 271 so as to overlap each other. The filter 284 is constituted by a fine filter cloth that collects fine dust (such as fine sediment particles).

  The chute 272 has a substantially quadrangular pyramid shape whose diameter is reduced downward so as to serve as a funnel for guiding the dust separated in the dust collecting chamber 271 to the discharge part 273, and a sealing material ( It is bolted to the dust collection chamber 271 with a not-shown) interposed therebetween.

  The discharge part 273 is constituted by a so-called rotary feeder, similar to the discharge part 220 of the pulverizing and classifying device 210, and is attached to the lower end of the chute 272 by bolting each other's flanges with a seal material (not shown) interposed therebetween. ing. Specifically, a rotor 288 in which a plurality of partition walls 287 are provided radially on a rotating shaft 286 is provided in a casing 285, and the collected dust (sediment fine particles) is a space between the partition walls 287. Then, the rotor 288 is rotated to sequentially discharge downward. The discharge unit 273 is not limited to a rotary feeder, and a so-called screw feeder or the like may be used.

  With the above configuration, the air containing dust introduced into the bag filter 270 is separated into clean air and dust, and the collected dust (sediment fine particles) is discharged through the discharge unit 273 and cleaned. Air is released into the atmosphere.

  Returning to FIG. 1, in the sorting step B, a lead bullet collecting device 500 that collects lead bullets from the earth and sand that has been refined through the pulverization and classification step A by using magnetic force is used.

FIG. 11 is a side sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a lead bullet collecting apparatus 500 constituting one embodiment of the lead bullet collecting system of the present invention. In this figure, the same reference numerals are given to the same parts as in the previous drawings. The description is omitted.
As shown in FIG. 11, the lead bullet collecting device 500 includes a hopper 501 that receives a sorted product sorted by the sorting device, a conveyor 502 that conveys the sorted product received by the hopper 501, and the vicinity of the discharge end of the conveyor 502. A sorting machine 503 provided in the sorting machine 503 is provided, and lead bullets are sorted and collected by the action of an alternating magnetic field generated from the sorting machine 503 from the sorting items conveyed on the conveyor 502.

  The hopper 501 is a frame-shaped member that expands upward, and is provided on the upstream end (the left side in FIG. 11) of the conveyor 502, and is discharged from the discharge unit 220 of the pulverizing and classifying device 210. It plays the role of accepting sorts such as lead bullets and stones. Therefore, the lead bullet recovery device 500 is arranged such that the hopper 501 is located below the discharge part 220 of the crushing and classifying device 210.

  The conveyor 502 includes a conveyor frame 504, driving wheels 505 and driven wheels 506 that are rotatably provided at both ends of the conveyor frame 504, and a conveyor belt 507 wound around the driving wheels 505 and driven wheels 506. And is supported by a gantry (not shown). Accordingly, the driving wheel 505 is driven to rotate by a driving device (not shown), and the conveyor belt 507 is driven to circulate with the driven wheel 506.

  The sorter 503 includes a drum 508 that is slidably contacted with the driven wheel 506 in the inner peripheral portion of the driven wheel 506, and a plurality of fixedly arranged so that the polarity changes alternately on the inner peripheral portion of the drum 508. It consists of magnets 509 and 510. The drum 508 is configured to be rotatable in a direction opposite to the rotation direction of the driven wheel 506 by a driving device (not shown) different from the driving device that rotationally drives the driving wheel 505, and the drum 508 is configured to rotate the conveyor belt 507. By rotating in the opposite direction, an alternating magnetic field is formed on the conveyor belt 507.

  As a result, when the crossing of the alternating magnetic field formed by the sorter 503 is transported by the conveyor belt 507 to the surface of the lead bullet, which is a conductor contained in the sorted matter received by the hopper 501, near its discharge end. An eddy current will be generated. Since the magnetic field generated by this eddy current is always the same polarity as the alternating magnetic field of the sorter 503, the lead bullets are instantaneously blown off from the conveyor belt 507, and the bottomed frame is arranged slightly apart from the discharge end of the conveyor 507. It is recovered in a recovery box 511 in the form of a tube. Since stones, earth and sand, etc. that do not generate eddy currents are dropped from the discharge end of the conveyor 507 without being blown off, the lead bullets are thereby separated from other selected items.

  Although not particularly illustrated, the recovery box 511 is installed at a predetermined height from the ground by a support member (not shown), and an opening / closing door is provided below the recovery box 511 so that the recovered lead bullets can be easily taken out. Be able to. In FIG. 11, the collection box 511 is provided at a position slightly spaced in front of the discharge end of the conveyor 502. However, in order to collect lead bullets more reliably, the collection box 511 is formed in a U shape. It is more preferable to secure a space for a transported object other than lead bullets to fall and to cover the vicinity of the discharge end of the conveyor 502.

Next, the operation and action of the lead bullet recovery system of the present embodiment having the above configuration will be described.
In the system shown in FIG. 1, first, when excavating the target soil with the hydraulic excavator 100 and putting it into the hopper 9 of the pre-granulation device 110, the soil put into the hopper 9 is sequentially transferred to the hopper 9 by the conveyor 2. It is conveyed outside, and during the conveyance, it is pre-ground (pre-fine-grained) by the crushing device 24 together with the additive such as lime supplied from the additive supply device 11. Thus, when the additive is added and crushed and mixed with the additive, the earth and sand is reduced in plasticity. As a result, the earth and sand are crushed to a particle size of, for example, about 10 mm, and the additive is added to the surface. It is discharged in the attached state.

  However, in the present embodiment, when the earth and sand excavated by the hydraulic excavator 100 forms a large earth lump, or when the earth is highly viscous earth and sand that is difficult to handle, it is supplied directly to the pulverizing and classifying device 210. In this way, pretreatment is performed by using the pre-granulating device 110. For example, when the earth and sand do not form a large earth lump, specifically, the particle diameter of the earth lump is already about 10 mm or In the case of less than that, it is not always necessary to use the pre-granulating device 110, and the earth and sand may be directly supplied to the pulverizing and classifying device 210. It is also conceivable that earth and sand having a size of about 10 mm or less are preliminarily sorted using a sieve in front of the pulverizing and classifying device 210 and put into the pulverizing and classifying device 210. When a sieve is used, foreign matters such as large stones are removed in advance, so that biting into the pulverizing and classifying device 210 is prevented in advance.

  The earth and sand which has been crushed in advance by the pre-granulating device 110 and whose particle size has become relatively small is put into the pulverizing and classifying device 210. At this time, a conveyor or the like may be disposed after the pre-granulating device 110, and earth and sand may be supplied to the pulverizing and classifying device 210 by this conveyor. Further, even if the earth and sand are not continuously supplied from the pre-granulating device 110 to the pulverizing and classifying device 210, for example, the earth and sand discharged from the pre-granulating device 110 is temporarily used for curing and drying. It may be stocked elsewhere.

  In the pulverizing / classifying device 210, the supply air from the blower 201 is pressurized in the air tank 216, and is discharged into the pipe line 214 at high speed via the acceleration injection nozzles 232 and 233 and the counter injection nozzle 234. When the earth and sand is supplied into the pipe line 214, the earth and sand is entrained in the air flow in the pipe line 214, and is exposed to the air flow to dry and further reduce its plasticity (becomes a brittle state), and On the way, it is pulverized and further refined by colliding with the bent portion 212, the injection air from the counter injection nozzle 234 and the acceleration injection nozzle 233, or the inner wall of the pipe 214. At this time, by controlling the amount of air supplied from the blower 201 and increasing the discharge flow velocity from the acceleration injection nozzles 232 and 233 and the counter injection nozzle 234, the kinetic energy of the jet applied to the earth and sand is increased. Further, the grinding effect can be further enhanced.

  The earth and sand in the pipe 214 is finely granulated and is conveyed further downstream along with the air flow, and separated from lead bullets at the rising portion 213 due to the difference in terminal velocity. In other words, the earth and sand having a relatively low specific gravity, even in the rising portion 213 where the air flow is decelerated, the buoyancy provided by the air flow overcomes the gravity and rises along with the air flow, whereas the lead bomb with a high specific gravity. And other foreign matters, the action of gravity is greater than buoyancy, and descends without being accompanied by airflow. Thereby, lead bullets and other foreign matters are classified from the earth and sand, discharged through the discharge unit 220, and guided to the lead bullet recovery device 500. On the other hand, the earth and sand discharged from the pulverizing and classifying device 210 are introduced into the bag filter 270 through the connection pipe 263 along with the air flow, collected by the filter 284, and released to the atmosphere as clean air. The collected earth and sand are discharged from the discharge unit 272, and are separately transferred to a step of performing a countermeasure against contamination such as insolubilization using a conveyor or the like (not shown).

  The lead bullets and other foreign matters introduced into the lead bullet collection device 500 are received by the hopper 501 and then conveyed by the conveyor belt 507. Then, when crossing the alternating magnetic field generated from the sorter 503, only lead bullets are blown off from the conveyor belt 507, separated from other foreign matters such as stones, and collected in the collection box 511.

  In the present embodiment, as described above, since the earth and sand can be efficiently pulverized while being dried by the pulverizing and classifying device 210, and the lead ammunition can be classified with high accuracy, Lead bullets can be collected with high accuracy. And since no treatment with water is performed in a series of processes, lead dissolved in the earth and sand does not dissolve in the treated water and become a new source of contamination. Can be avoided. At this time, the earth and sand supplied to the pulverizing and classifying device 210 is preliminarily mixed with the additive in the pre-granulating device 110, so that the plasticity is lowered and the pulverized material is easily pulverized, and it is exposed to a high-speed air flow. As a result, a high drying effect can be expected, and problems such as adhesion to the inner wall surface of the pipe 214 are unlikely to occur.

  In addition, because there is no processing object due to secondary contamination, and each device is made up of compact equipment that can be transported, it can be processed on-site, and the target sediment is taken out to a plant outside the plant. There is no need, and the generation cost of earth and sand can be suppressed. In addition, by giving priority to anti-contamination measures such as insolubilization treatment and washing treatment on the earth and sand from which lead bullets have been removed, overall treatment costs can be reduced and effective purification can be realized. In addition, since lead bullets can be recovered consistently by dry processing, the processing time can be greatly shortened.

  In addition, unlike a large plant, this system is configured with relatively simple and small equipment, so it can be easily transported between sites, and installation locations and processing sites are limited to specific locations. Nor. As described above, since this system is a highly mobile system, it can be used for various purposes depending on the processing site, and this can also be expected to shorten the construction period and thus reduce the processing cost. it can.

  Further, in the present embodiment, for example, as shown in FIG. 12, by adding a heating means 600 such as a heater to a connecting pipe 208 that connects between the gas supply device 200 and the air tank 216, the pulverization classification is performed. If the temperature of the air supplied to the apparatus 210 can be adjusted, the air that has been heated by the heating means 600 can be supplied to the pulverizing and classifying apparatus 210, whereby the earth and sand can be dried more efficiently. Thereby, even if earth and sand having a relatively high water content ratio are supplied to the pulverizing and classifying apparatus 210, the pulverizing and classifying lead can be efficiently crushed. In this case, since the conditions that can be crushed differ depending on the properties of the earth and sand, the air temperature and the like are examined in advance together with the discharge flow rates from the nozzles 232, 233, and 234, and the conditions that are suitable for the target sand are selected.

  In the above, for the purpose of lowering the plasticity of the earth and sand, the earth and sand were crushed and mixed together with the additive using the pre-fine graining device 110, for example, A so-called soil improvement machine can be used in place of the pre-granulating device 110. Generally, a soil improvement machine is agitated and mixed with a hopper that receives earth and sand, a conveyor that conveys earth and sand outside the hopper, an additive supply device that supplies additive, and an additive that has been added with earth and sand from a conveyor. And a discharge conveyor that discharges the mixture of earth and sand discharged from the mixing device and the additive to the outside of the machine. Further, usually, the soil conditioner is often provided with a sieve above the hopper, which is also suitable when it is necessary to remove large foreign matters in advance. In addition, the soil improvement machines include a stationary type and a self-propelled type, but any of them can be applied. However, even in the pre-granulating device 110 described above, a traveling body can be provided at the lower part of the frame 1 so as to be capable of self-running, and a fixed or vibrating sieve is provided above the hopper 9. It can also be set as the structure provided.

It is a key map showing typically one embodiment of a lead bullet recovery system of the present invention. It is a side view which shows the whole structure of the pre-granulation apparatus which comprises one Embodiment of the lead bullet recovery system of this invention. It is sectional drawing showing the detailed structure of the supply part with which the pre-granulation apparatus which comprises one Embodiment of the lead bullet recovery system of this invention was equipped. It is a side view showing the detailed structure of the crushing apparatus with which the pre-granulation apparatus which comprises one Embodiment of the lead bullet recovery system of this invention was equipped. It is the VV arrow sectional view in Drawing 5 showing the detailed structure of the crushing device with which the pre-granulation device which constitutes one embodiment of the lead bullet recovery system of the present invention is provided. It is VI-VI arrow sectional drawing in FIG. 6 showing the detailed structure of the crushing apparatus with which the pre-granulation apparatus which comprises one Embodiment of the lead bullet recovery system of this invention was equipped. It is a front sectional view showing the whole crushing and classifying device composition which constitutes one embodiment of the lead bullet recovery system of the present invention. It is a top view showing the whole pulverization classification device composition which constitutes one embodiment of the lead bullet recovery system of the present invention. It is IX-IX arrow sectional drawing in FIG. It is sectional drawing showing the whole structure of the bag filter which comprises one Embodiment of the lead bullet recovery system of this invention. It is a sectional side view showing the schematic structure of the lead bullet recovery device which constitutes one embodiment of the lead bullet recovery system of the present invention. It is the conceptual diagram which represented typically the example which added the heating means to one embodiment of the lead bullet recovery system of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

211 Hopper 212 Bending part 213 Rising part 214 Pipe line 216 Air tank (air supply means)
217 Widening member (flow rate adjusting means)
232 Accelerated injection nozzle (injection nozzle)
233 Accelerated injection nozzle (injection nozzle)
234 Opposite injection nozzle (injection nozzle)
284 Filter 500 Lead recovery equipment

Claims (6)

A hopper that accepts earth and sand scattered with lead bullets;
Pipes for earth and sand crushing and lead bullet classification having at least one bent portion connected to the hopper and a rising portion provided on the downstream side of the bent portion,
An air supply means connected to the pipe and supplying an air flow to the pipe;
A lead bullet recovery system comprising flow velocity adjusting means for adjusting the flow velocity of the airflow flowing through the pipe so that the earth and sand rises at the rising portion and the lead bullets contained in the earth and sand fall. A hopper that accepts earth and sand scattered with lead bullets;
Pipes for earth and sand crushing and lead bullet classification having at least one bent portion connected to the hopper and a rising portion provided on the downstream side of the bent portion,
In this pipe line, at least a plurality of spray nozzles including the bent portion,
An air supply means connected to the pipe and supplying an air flow to the pipe and the injection nozzle;
A lead bullet recovery system comprising flow velocity adjusting means for adjusting the flow velocity of the airflow flowing through the pipe so that the earth and sand rises at the rising portion and the lead bullets contained in the earth and sand fall.   3. The lead bullet recovery according to claim 2, wherein the injection nozzle includes an acceleration injection nozzle that injects an air flow that gives a propulsive force to the earth and sand, and an opposing injection nozzle that injects an air flow that pulverizes the earth and sand. system.   The lead bullet recovery system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a filter connected to a downstream side of the pipe and collecting earth and sand discharged from the pipe.   The lead bullet recovery system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a lead bullet recovery device that sorts and recovers the lead bullet discharged from the pipe line by the action of an alternating magnetic field. Supply the earth and sand in which lead bullets are scattered to a pipe line having at least one bent portion and a rising portion provided on the downstream side of the bent portion,
After transporting the sand and sand accompanied by the air flow flowing through the pipeline, after colliding with the bent portion and pulverizing,
The lead characterized in that the lead ammunition is classified from the earth and sand by raising the earth and sand and lowering the lead ammunition contained in the earth and sand at the rising portion by utilizing the difference in terminal velocity between the earth and sand bullets. Bullet collection method.

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