JP2005226870A - Fluidized bed incinerator - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fluidized bed incinerator for preventing unburned material such as a wire from entwining with an air blow-in tube and staying stagnant on a dispersion panel and for stably discharging the unburned material. <P>SOLUTION: The fluidized bed incinerator equipped with a combustion chamber and an air disperser 21 provided at a bottom part of the combustion chamber for forming a fluidized bed at the time of combustion is used. The air disperser 21 has a dispersion panel 25 with a discharge port of an unburned material and a plurality of air blow-in parts 23 provided at the dispersion panel 25 for blowing air into the combustion chamber. A bottom part inside face 27s enclosing the plurality of air blow-in parts 23 at a peripheral collar of the dispersion panel 25 continues to an inside face 2s of the combustion chamber at its upper part. Of a plurality of outside air blow-in parts 23', those closest to the bottom part inside face 27s contact with the bottom part inside face 27s. A filling part 27 may be equipped in addition so that a gap between the inside face 2s near the dispersion panel 25 and the plurality of outside air blow-in parts 23' is filled up. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a fluidized bed incinerator, and more particularly to a fluidized bed incinerator having an improved incinerator bottom structure.

  There is known a fluidized bed incinerator in which a fluidized bed in which the fluidized material floats at a high temperature in the bottom of the incinerator and the object to be treated is placed in contact with the fluidized material at high temperature for combustion. . The object to be treated is exemplified by waste tires and plastics in addition to urban garbage. Incombustibles in the incinerator are extracted from the lower part of the fluidized bed together with the fluidized material. The incombustible material and the fluidized material are separated by a separator, the fluidized material is again returned to the incinerator, and the incombustible material is moved to another process. A dispersion plate having a large number of air blowing pipes for forming a fluidized bed and a discharge port for extracting incombustibles is provided at the bottom of the incinerator.

  When incinerating waste tires, a large amount of bead wires appear in the tire as incombustibles. Since these wires are relatively long, they may become entangled and bundled together at the bottom of the fluidized bed. The wires that are entangled with each other in this manner increase in weight and do not flow, but remain in the incinerator. As a result, a situation such as blockage of the air blowing tube or blockage of the discharge port occurs. If so, there may occur a state where the fluidized bed incinerator cannot sufficiently exhibit its ability. There is a demand for a technique capable of appropriately treating entangled and incombustible materials such as bead wires in tires that are easily bundled.

  As a related technique, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-295818 discloses a technique of a fluidized bed incinerator. In this fluidized-bed incinerator, a fluidized medium is formed on a dispersion plate that forms the floor of an incineration chamber, and a fluidized bed is formed by air supplied from an air supply nozzle protruding from the dispersion plate. . The dispersion plate is inclined from the inlet side of the combusted material toward the incombustible material outlet side, and a fluid ejection hole for ejecting fluid is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the inlet portion of the outlet. .

JP 2002-295818 A

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a fluidized bed incinerator capable of stably discharging tangled or incombustible materials that are easily bundled.

  Another object of the present invention is to provide a fluidized bed incinerator capable of preventing incombustible materials that are easily entangled or gathered from staying on the dispersion plate.

  Still another object of the present invention is to provide a fluidized bed incinerator capable of preventing entanglement or entanglement of incombustible materials to an air blowing pipe (air nozzle) of a dispersion plate.

  Yet another object of the present invention is to

  Hereinafter, means for solving the problem will be described using the numbers and symbols used in the best mode for carrying out the invention. These numbers and symbols are added in parentheses in order to clarify the correspondence between the description of the claims and the best mode for carrying out the invention. However, these numbers and symbols should not be used for interpreting the technical scope of the invention described in the claims.

Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, the fluidized bed incinerator of the present invention includes a combustion chamber (11) and an air disperser (21). The air disperser (21) is provided at the bottom of the combustion chamber (11) and forms a fluidized bed (12) during combustion. The air disperser (21) includes a disperser plate (25) and a plurality of air blowing portions (23). The dispersion plate (25) has an incombustible discharge port (6a). The plurality of air blowing portions (23) are provided on the dispersion plate (25) and blow air into the combustion chamber (11). The bottom inner side surface (27s) surrounding the plurality of air blowing portions (23) at the periphery of the dispersion plate (25) continues to the inner side surface (2s) of the combustion chamber (11) at the top. The plurality of outer air blowing portions (23 '/ 23b, 23c) closest to the bottom inner side surface (27s) of the plurality of air blowing portions (23) are in contact with the bottom inner side surface (27s).
As described above, the outer air blowing portion (23 '/ 23b, 23c) closest to the periphery of the outer air blowing portion (23) is provided in contact with the bottom inner side surface (27s). (27s) Incombustible materials that tend to collect in the vicinity can be appropriately conveyed by air to the discharge port (6a). And it becomes possible to discharge | emit these incombustible materials stably. Here, the incombustible material includes an entangled material such as a bead wire of a waste tire, which is easily bundled.

In the fluidized bed incinerator, the combustion chamber (11) includes an inner surface (2s) of the combustion chamber (11) in the vicinity of the dispersion plate (25) and a plurality of outer air blowing portions (23 ′ / 23b, 23c). Is further provided with an embedding part (27) provided so as to be embedded between the two. The bottom inner side surface (27s) is a surface on the combustion chamber (11) side of the embedded portion (27).
In this way, by using the embedded portion (27), even in existing equipment in which the air blowing portion is not in contact with the inner surface of the combustion chamber, the incombustible material that tends to accumulate near the bottom inner surface (27s) is appropriately discharged ( 6a) can be conveyed by air. These incombustibles can be discharged stably.

In the fluidized bed incinerator, a part of each of the plurality of outer air blowing portions (23 '/ 23b, 23c) is embedded in the bottom inner side surface (27s).
In this way, if a part of the outer air blowing portion (23 ′) is embedded in the bottom inner side surface (27s), the structure of the outer air blowing portion (23 ′) and the other air blowing portions (23) are arranged. The structure can be made substantially the same, and one can be diverted to the other. As a result, the delivery time can be shortened and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

In the fluidized bed incinerator, the tangent to the surface of the bottom inner surface (27s) and the outer air blowing portion (23 '/ 23b, 23c) at the point where the bottom inner surface (27s) and the air blowing portion (23) contact each other. The angle (φ1, φ2) formed by the surface tangent is 90 degrees or more.
Thus, by eliminating an acute angle portion where one surface and another surface intersect at an angle of less than 90 degrees, it is possible to eliminate a place where incombustible materials easily accumulate.

In the fluidized bed incinerator, the angle (θ2) formed between the tangent to the surface of the bottom inner side surface (27s) and the tangent to the surface of the outer air blowing portion (23 ′ / 23b, 23c) is a plurality of outer air blowing. In the upper part of the part (23 ′ / 23b, 23c), it is equal to or less than (180 degrees—the angle of repose of the fluidized material).
As described above, the slope of the bottom inner side surface (27s) on the upper surface of the outer air blowing portion (23 ') is set to a steep slope within a predetermined range, so that incombustible materials accumulate on the upper surface of the outer air blowing portion (23'). This can be prevented.

In the above fluidized bed incinerator, each of the plurality of air blowing portions (23) is provided such that the entire lower portion is in contact with the dispersion plate (25), and the combustion chamber (11) is provided in the vicinity of the surface of the dispersion plate (25). The outer cylinder part (31) which has an opening part (43) which blows air in is included.
Thus, since there is an opening (43) in the vicinity of the surface of the dispersion plate (25), the incombustible matter remaining on the dispersion plate (25) is appropriately discharged to the discharge port (6a) by releasing air from there. Can be transported by air. And it becomes possible to discharge | emit these incombustible materials stably.

In the fluidized bed incinerator described above, the outer cylinder portion (31) has a position of a side portion of at least one of the plurality of openings (43) (43b ′, 43c ′) in the vicinity of the bottom inner side surface (27s). In the position.
Thus, since there are openings (43b ', 43c') in the vicinity of the bottom inner side surface (27s), the incombustible matter stagnating on the bottom inner side surface (27s) is appropriately discharged by releasing air from there. It can be conveyed by air to the outlet (6a). And it becomes possible to discharge | emit these incombustible materials stably.

In the fluidized bed incinerator, the outer cylinder portion (31) has at least one of a substantially cylindrical shape, a substantially conical shape, a substantially hemispherical shape, and a substantially cylindrical shape having a substantially hemispherical head portion. .
With such a shape, even if the outer cylinder part (31) protrudes on the dispersion plate (25), the incombustible material can be appropriately conveyed by air to the discharge port (6a). And it becomes possible to discharge | emit these incombustible materials stably.

In the fluidized bed incinerator described above, each of the plurality of air blowing portions (23) further penetrates the dispersion plate (25) and is formed by the outer cylinder portion (31) and the dispersion plate (25). An inner tube (32) that communicates with the inside and supplies air to the outer tube (31).
Thus, by using a double-pipe structure, it is possible to prevent the fluid material from entering deep inside the air blowing portion (23).

In the fluidized bed incinerator described above, when the shape of the plane of the dispersion plate (25) surrounded by the bottom inner side surface (27s) is a polygon, a plurality of outer air blowing portions ( 23 ') is provided.
In this way, by providing the outer air blowing part (23 ') at the corner where the incombustible material tends to accumulate, the incombustible material that easily collects in the vicinity of the bottom inner side surface (27s) is appropriately conveyed to the discharge port (6a) by air. can do. And it becomes possible to discharge | emit these incombustible materials stably.

In the fluidized bed incinerator described above, the bottom inner side surface (27s) sandwiched between two adjacent ones (23b, 23c) of the plurality of outer air blowing portions (23 ') is a flat surface.
By adopting such a shape, the air in the outer air blowing portion (23 ′) flows directly onto the bottom inner side surface (27s), so that incombustibles that easily collect in the vicinity of the bottom inner side surface (27s) are appropriately discharged ( 6a) can be conveyed by air. And it becomes possible to discharge | emit these incombustible materials stably.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to prevent an incombustible material such as a wire that is easily entangled or bundled from being entangled in an air blowing pipe (air nozzle) of the dispersion plate or stagnation on the dispersion plate. And it becomes possible to discharge | emit these incombustible materials stably.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of a fluidized bed incinerator of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

First, the configuration of the embodiment of the fluidized bed incinerator of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of an embodiment of a fluidized bed incinerator of the present invention. The fluidized bed incinerator 1 includes an incinerator body 2, a carry-out unit 8, and a separator 9.

The incinerator body 2 includes a combustion chamber 11, an air disperser 21, a waste input port 3, a fluidized material input port 4, an air supply port 5, and an air dispersion chamber 7.
At the bottom of the combustion chamber 11, air is blown from a large number of air blowing portions (not shown in FIG. 1) provided in the air disperser 21 to fluidize the fluid containing the fuel, and the fluid by burning the fuel. Forms a fluidized bed 12 that floats in a hot state. Then, the waste (fuel) input from the waste input port 3 is brought into contact with the high-temperature fluidizing material and burned. The air in the fluidized bed 12 is supplied from the air supply port 5 to the air dispersion chamber 7, and is supplied from there through a number of air blowing portions (not shown in FIG. 1).

  The incombustible material in the incinerator body 2 is extracted from the pipe 6 joined to the air distributor 21 below the fluidized bed 12 together with a part of the fluidized material. The incombustible material and the fluidized material are conveyed to the separator 9 by the carry-out unit 8 and then separated by the separator 9. Then, the fluidized material is returned again from the fluidized material inlet 4 into the incinerator body 2. Incombustibles are moved to another process.

Next, the air disperser 21 and its peripheral part will be described.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an air disperser and its peripheral portion in an embodiment of a fluidized bed incinerator of the present invention. The air distributor 21 includes a dispersion plate 25, a plurality of air blowing parts 23 (air nozzles), and an embedding part 27.

  The dispersion plate 25 separates the combustion chamber 11 and the air dispersion chamber 7. It is connected to the pipe 6 through an incombustible discharge port 6a. The plurality of air blowing portions 23 are respectively provided at predetermined positions on the dispersion plate 25. Then, the air in the air dispersion chamber 7 is blown into the fluidized bed 12 of the combustion chamber 11 through the dispersion plate 25. With this air, the fluidized material flows in the lower part of the combustion chamber 11 to form a fluidized bed. The burying portion 27 is provided so as to fill a space between the inner side surface 2s of the combustion chamber 11 and the outer air blowing portion 23 'as the air blowing portion 23 closest to the inner side surface 2s. The bottom inner side surface 27s that surrounds the plurality of air blowing portions 23 at the peripheral edge of the dispersion plate 25 on the combustion chamber 11 side of the embedded portion 27 is in contact with the outer air blowing portion 23 '. The upper part of the bottom inner side surface 27 s continues to the inner side surface 2 s of the combustion chamber 11. However, the side surface of the combustion furnace main body 2 and the embedded portion 27 may be integrated. In that case, the bottom inner side surface 27s is a part of the inner side surface 2s of the combustion chamber.

The air disperser 21 and its periphery will be further described.
FIG. 3 is a top view showing the air disperser and its peripheral portion in the embodiment of the fluidized bed incinerator of the present invention. The embedded portion 27 surrounds the plurality of air blowing portions 23 at the periphery of the dispersion plate 25. Here, the embedding part 27 has an embedding part 27 a on the long side of the dispersion plate 25 and an embedding part 27 b on the short side. The air blowing part 23 includes an air blowing part 23b arranged along the peripheral side of the dispersion plate 25, an air blowing part 23c arranged at the peripheral corner of the dispersion plate 25, and other air blowing parts 23a. The outer air blowing part 23 ′ is an air blowing part 23 and an air blowing part 23c. Here, the air blowing portions 23 are arranged in a staggered pattern. The discharge port 6 a is disposed at the center of the dispersion plate 25.

  In FIG. 3, the planar shape of the dispersion plate 25 surrounded by the bottom inner side surface 27 s is rectangular, but it may have another polygonal shape. In that case, the air blowing portion 23c is arranged at each of the corners of the polygon as in the case of FIG. 3, the air blowing portion 23a is arranged inside, and if necessary, the air blowing portion is placed on the side of the polygon. 23b is arranged. In this case, the same effect as in the case of FIG. 3 can be obtained.

  The bottom inner side surface 27s sandwiched between two adjacent ones of the plurality of outer air blowing portions 23 '(the air blowing portion 23c or the air blowing portion 23b) is preferably a flat surface. This is because non-combustible materials are likely to accumulate if they have a curved surface or are uneven.

  FIG. 4 is a top view showing the arrangement of the air blowing portions 23 in the air distributor. Corresponds to FIG. The air blowing part 23a of the air blowing part 23 is arranged at the position A in the figure, the air blowing part 23b is arranged at the position B in the figure, and the air blowing part 23c is arranged at the position C in the figure.

Next, each air blowing part 23 is demonstrated with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the air blowing portion 23a. The AA cross section in FIG. 3 is shown. The air blowing part 23a has an outer cylinder part 31a and an inner cylinder part 32a.

  The outer cylinder part 31a is provided so that the whole lower part may contact the dispersion | distribution board 25, and the upper part is obstruct | occluded. A plurality of openings 43 a for blowing air into the combustion chamber 11 are provided near the surface of the dispersion plate 25. By providing it in contact with the dispersion plate 25, it is possible to prevent incombustible material from entering between the dispersion plate 25 and the lower portion of the outer cylinder portion 31a. In addition, the height d from the surface of the dispersion plate 25 to the lower part of the opening 43a is made as small as possible. By eliminating the space below the opening 43a as much as possible, it is possible to prevent the incombustible material from remaining in the space. As a result, the incombustible material can be reliably discharged.

  The height d is preferably as close to zero (0) as possible in order to prevent incombustible material from remaining on the surface of the dispersion plate 25, particularly where the dispersion plate 25 and the outer cylinder portion 31a intersect. At most, it is preferable that the size be slightly smaller than the size of the incombustible material that is likely to stay. Taking a bead wire as an example of an incombustible material, the maximum value of the height d is preferably slightly smaller than the diameter of the bead wire. Thereby, an incombustible material can be reliably moved with air. The position, number and size of the opening 43a are determined by design so as to cause a predetermined pressure loss between the air dispersion chamber 7 and the combustion chamber 11 (fluidized bed 12).

  The inner tube 32 a penetrates the dispersion plate 25 and communicates with the space formed by the outer tube portion 31 a and the dispersion plate 25. The upper part is closed. And the air supplied from the opening part 41a is supplied in the outer cylinder part 31a from the opening part 42a provided in the side surface. The position, number and size of the opening 42a are determined by design so as to cause a predetermined pressure loss between the air dispersion chamber 7 and the combustion chamber 11 (fluidized bed 12).

  FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the inner cylinder portion 32a. The a1a1 cross section in FIG. 5 is shown. Here, for example, eight openings 42a are provided in the inner cylinder portion 32a. The shape of the opening 42a is exemplified by a circle, an ellipse, a rectangle with rounded corners, and the like.

  FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a cross section of the outer cylinder portion 31a. The c1c1 cross section in FIG. 5 is shown. Here, eight openings 43a are provided in the outer cylinder portion 31a. The shape of the opening 43a is exemplified by a circle, an ellipse, a rounded rectangle, and the like.

  FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing the air blowing portion 23b. The BB cross section in FIG. 3 is shown. The air blowing part 23b has an outer cylinder part 31b including an opening part 43b, and an inner cylinder part 32b including an opening part 41b and an opening part 42b. The air blowing portion 23b has basically the same structure as the air blowing portion 23a. However, the portion covered with the embedded portion 27 is different from the air blowing portion 23a in that the opening portion 43b is not provided in the outer cylinder portion 31b.

  FIG. 9 is a view showing a transverse section of the inner cylinder portion 32b. The a2a2 cross section in FIG. 8 is shown. Here, for example, eight openings 42b are provided in the inner cylindrical portion 32b. The shape of the opening 42b is exemplified by a circle, an ellipse, a rectangle with rounded corners, and the like.

  FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a cross section of the outer cylinder portion 31b. FIG. 9 shows a cross section c2c2 in FIG. Here, since half (the left half in the figure) of the outer cylinder part 31b is covered with the embedded part 27, five openings 43b are provided in the outer cylinder part 31b of the other part. The shape of the opening 43b is exemplified by a circle, an ellipse, a rounded rectangle, and the like.

  The closest opening 43b 'to the position of the bottom inner side surface 27s of the embedded portion 27 indicated by the line D in the figure is preferably as close to the bottom inner side surface 27s as possible. Here, the position of the opening 43b 'on the bottom inner side surface 27s side is in contact with (closest to) the bottom inner side surface 27s. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the incombustible material from staying on the surface of the bottom inner side surface 27s, particularly the portion where the bottom inner side surface 27s and the outer cylinder portion 31b intersect. It is preferable that the distance between the position of the bottom inner side surface 27s of the opening 43b 'and the bottom inner side surface 27s is at most a little smaller than the size of the incombustible material that tends to stay. Taking a bead wire as an example of an incombustible material, the maximum value of the distance is preferably slightly smaller than the diameter of the bead wire. Thereby, an incombustible material can be reliably moved with air.

  FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing the air blowing portion 23c. The CC cross section in FIG. 3 is shown. The air blowing part 23c has an outer cylinder part 31c including an opening part 43c, and an inner cylinder part 32c including an opening part 41c and an opening part 42c. The air blowing portion 23c has basically the same structure as the air blowing portion 23a. However, the portion covered with the embedded portion 27 is different from the air blowing portion 23a in that the opening portion 43c is not provided in the outer cylinder portion 31c.

  FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a cross section of the inner cylinder portion 32c. The a3a3 cross section in FIG. 11 is shown. Here, for example, eight openings 42c are provided in the inner cylinder portion 32c. The shape of the opening 42c is exemplified by a circle, an ellipse, a rectangle with rounded corners, and the like.

  FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a cross section of the outer cylinder portion 31c. The c3c3 cross section in FIG. 11 is shown. Here, since three-quarters (upper left half in the figure) of the outer cylinder part 31c is covered with the embedded part 27, three openings 43c are provided in the other part of the outer cylinder part 31c. Yes. The shape of the opening 43c is exemplified by a circle, an ellipse, a rectangle with rounded corners, and the like.

  The closest opening 43c ′ to the position of the bottom inner side surface 27s of the embedding part 27 shown by the lines E1 and E2 in the drawing is such that the position on the bottom inner side surface 27s side is as close as possible to the bottom inner side surface 27s. Is preferred. Here, the positions on the bottom inner side surface 27s side of the opening 43c 'are both in contact (closest) with the bottom inner side surface 27s. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the incombustible material from staying on the surface of the bottom inner side surface 27s, particularly the portion where the bottom inner side surface 27s and the outer cylinder portion 31b intersect. The distance between the position of the bottom inner side surface 27s of the opening 43c 'and the bottom inner side surface 27s is preferably at most slightly smaller than the size of the incombustible material that tends to stay. Taking a bead wire as an example of an incombustible material, the maximum value of the distance is preferably slightly smaller than the diameter of the bead wire. Thereby, an incombustible material can be reliably moved with air.

  Half of the air blowing portion 23 b is embedded in the embedded portion 27. However, only half of the cylindrical shape shown in FIGS. Similarly, three-fourths of the air blowing portion 23 c is embedded in the embedded portion 27. However, it is also possible to make it only one quarter of the cylindrical shape shown in FIGS. In this case, since the size (width) of the embedded portion 27 can be reduced, the fluidized bed region can be widened. Or the bottom part of the incinerator main body 2 can be made compact.

Next, the external shape of the outer cylinder part 31 (31a-31c) in the air blowing part 23 (23a-23c) is demonstrated with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing an example of the outer shape of the outer cylinder portion in the air blowing portion. In this case, the outer cylinder part 31 is the same as the substantially cylindrical shape shown in FIGS. The opening 43 is a rectangle with rounded corners. However, the cylindrical edge 35 may be tapered to make it difficult for non-combustible materials to be caught.
FIG. 15 is a perspective view showing another example of the outer shape of the outer cylinder portion in the air blowing portion. In this case, the outer cylinder part 31 is a substantially cylindrical shape whose head is substantially hemispherical. Since the cylindrical edge 35 has a gentle curve, it is difficult for nonflammables to be caught. In addition, fluidized materials and incombustibles do not accumulate on the top.
FIG. 16 is a perspective view showing still another example of the outer shape of the outer cylinder portion in the air blowing portion. In this case, the outer cylinder part 31 is the same as the substantially cylindrical shape whose head is substantially conical. However, the cylindrical edge 35 may be tapered to make it difficult for non-combustible materials to be caught. The top 36 of the cone may be rounded to make it difficult to catch non-combustible materials. In addition, fluidized materials and incombustibles do not accumulate on the top.
FIG. 17 is a perspective view showing another example of the outer shape of the outer cylinder portion in the air blowing portion. In this case, the outer cylinder part 31 is substantially conical. However, the top portion 36 of the cone may be rounded so that the incombustible material is not easily caught. In addition, fluidized materials and incombustibles do not accumulate on the top.
In addition, the outer cylinder portion 31 may be substantially hemispherical (not shown). In this case, the same effect is obtained.

  As described above, by making the shape of the outer cylinder part the main body of the curved surface, the incombustible material is prevented from being caught by a part of the air blowing portion 23, and the incombustible material is appropriately moved to the discharge port 6a by the air flow. Can do.

  Next, the relationship between the air blowing part 23 (23b, 23c) and the embedding part 27 will be described with reference to FIGS.

  18 is a top view conceptually showing the relationship between the air blowing portion 23b and the embedded portion 27. As shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 3, half of the air blowing portion 23 b is included in the embedding portion 27 (however, the shape may be only half). At this time, the angle φ1 formed by the tangent of the surface of the bottom inner side surface 27s and the tangent of the surface of the air blowing portion 23b at the point where the bottom inner side surface 27s of the embedded portion 27 and the air blowing portion 23b contact each other is 90 degrees or more. It is preferable that This is because when the angle is less than 90 degrees, the incombustible material easily enters the (acute angle) portion, and it is difficult to properly discharge the incombustible material. However, even when the angle is smaller than 90 degrees, if the tapered portion 29b shown in the figure is provided so that the angle is 90 degrees or more in a pseudo manner, a structure in which incombustible materials cannot easily enter can be obtained.

  FIG. 19 is a top view conceptually showing the relationship between the air blowing part 23 c and the embedding part 27. As shown in FIG. 3, three-fourths of the air blowing portion 23 c is included in the embedding portion 27 (however, a shape having only a quarter may be used). At this time, the angle φ2 formed by the tangent of the surface of the bottom inner side surface 27s and the tangent of the surface of the air blowing portion 23c is 90 degrees or more at the point where the bottom inner side surface 27s of the embedded portion 27 and the air blowing portion 23c come into contact. It is preferable that This is because when the angle is less than 90 degrees, the incombustible material easily enters the (acute angle) portion, and it is difficult to properly discharge the incombustible material. However, even when the angle is smaller than 90 degrees, if the tapered portion 29c shown in the figure is provided so that the angle is 90 degrees or more in a pseudo manner, a structure in which incombustible materials cannot easily enter can be obtained.

  FIG. 20 is a side view conceptually showing the relationship between the air blowing parts 23b and 23c and the embedding part 27. As shown in FIG. The angle θ2 formed by the tangent of the surface of the bottom inner side surface 27s and the tangent of the surface of the air blowing portion 23c at the point where the bottom inner side surface 27s of the embedded portion 27 and the upper part of the air blowing portions 23b and 23c come into contact is shown in FIG. Similarly to FIG. 20, it is preferably 90 degrees or more. On the other hand, it is preferable that the angle θ1 which is a complementary angle of the angle θ2 is not less than the repose angle of the fluidized material. In that case, the fluidized material does not accumulate on the upper part of the air blowing section 23 and falls appropriately to the dispersion plate 25. In that case, the angle θ2 (= 180 degrees−angle θ1) is preferably equal to or less than (180 degrees−the angle of repose of the fluidized material). That is, the angle θ2 is in a preferable range of 90 degrees ≦ angle θ2 ≦ (180 degrees—the angle of repose of the fluidized material).

  Next, the operation of the embodiment of the fluidized bed incinerator of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Here, a case where the waste tire cut to a predetermined size is incinerated will be described as an example.

  On the dispersion plate 25, a fluidized material (for example, a mixture of several percent of cut waste tires and sand such as silicon oxide) is put at a depth of several tens of centimeters. Air supplied from the air supply port 5 to the air dispersion chamber 7 is blown into the combustion chamber 11 from a large number of air blowing portions 23 provided on the dispersion plate 25. In this state, the fluidizing material including the waste tire is fluidized and the waste tire is burned. Thereby, the fluidized bed 12 in which the fluidized material floats in a high temperature state is formed. The waste tire is appropriately input from the waste input port 3 and comes into contact with the high-temperature fluidizing material and burns.

  A part of the incombustible material when the waste tire is burned (example: bead wire) and a part of the other fluidized material fall onto the dispersion plate 25. Others form a fluidized bed as a fluidizing material. The incombustible material and other fluidized material on the dispersion plate 25 are directed to the discharge port 6a by the air ejected from the air blowing section 23. At this time, some non-combustible materials such as bead wires are relatively long and entangled with each other at the bottom of the fluidized bed. However, in this invention, the structure of the bottom part of the combustion furnace main body 2 has the structure demonstrated using FIGS. Therefore, the incombustible material falling onto the dispersion plate 25 goes to the discharge port 6a sequentially without stagnation and is discharged from there together with other fluidized materials. In other words, these incombustibles are discharged without being entangled with the air blowing portion 23 on the dispersion plate 25, accumulated in a certain part on the dispersion plate 25, or gathered together.

  The incombustible material and the fluidized material are conveyed from the discharge port 6a to the separator 9 via the pipe 6 and the carry-out unit 8. Then, it sorts with the separator 9. FIG. Then, the fluidized material is returned again from the fluidized material inlet 4 into the incinerator body 2. Incombustibles are moved to another process.

  In this way, even if a non-combustible material such as a wire that is easily entangled or bundled is generated by combustion, the structure of the embedded portion 27 around the dispersion plate 25 and the structure of the air blowing tube 23 (air nozzle) in the present invention are applied. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent the incombustible material from being entangled with the air blowing pipe 23 (air nozzle), stagnating on the dispersion plate 25, and collectively closing the discharge port 6a. And it becomes possible to discharge | emit these incombustible materials stably and to improve the stability and reliability of a fluid bed incinerator operation.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of an embodiment of a fluidized bed incinerator of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an air disperser and its peripheral portion in an embodiment of a fluidized bed incinerator of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a top view showing the air disperser and its peripheral portion in the embodiment of the fluidized bed incinerator of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the arrangement of air blowing portions in the air disperser. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing an AA cross section of FIG. 3 as an air blowing portion. FIG. 6 is a view showing an a1a1 cross section in FIG. 5 as a cross section of the inner cylinder portion. FIG. 7 is a view showing a c1c1 cross section in FIG. 5 as a cross section of the outer cylinder portion. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing an AA cross section of FIG. 3 as an air blowing portion. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an a2a2 cross section in FIG. 8 as a transverse cross section of the inner cylinder portion. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a c2c2 cross section in FIG. 8 as a transverse cross section of the outer cylinder portion. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing an AA cross section of FIG. 3 as an air blowing portion. FIG. 12 is a view showing a cross section a3a3 in FIG. 11 as a cross section of the inner cylinder portion. FIG. 13 is a view showing a c3c3 cross section in FIG. 11 as a transverse cross section of the outer cylinder portion. FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing an example of the outer shape of the outer cylinder portion in the air blowing portion. FIG. 15 is a perspective view showing another example of the outer shape of the outer cylinder portion in the air blowing portion. FIG. 16 is a perspective view showing still another example of the outer shape of the outer cylinder portion in the air blowing portion. FIG. 17 is a perspective view showing another example of the outer shape of the outer cylinder portion in the air blowing portion. FIG. 18 is a top view conceptually showing the relationship between the air blowing portion and the embedded portion. FIG. 19 is a top view conceptually showing the relationship between the air blowing portion and the embedded portion. FIG. 20 is a side view conceptually showing the relationship between the air blowing portion and the embedded portion.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Fluidized bed type incinerator 2 Incinerator main body 2s Inner side surface 3 Waste input 4 Fluid material inlet 5 Air supply port 6 Piping 6a Outlet 7 Air dispersion chamber 8 Unloading part 9 Separator 11 Combustion chamber 12 Fluidized bed 21 Air Disperser 23, 23a, 23b, 23c Air blowing portion 23 'Outer air blowing portion 25 Dispersing plate 27, 27a, 27b Embedded portion 27s Bottom inner surface 29b, 29c Tapered portion 31, 31a, 31b, 31c Outer tube portion 32, 32a 32b, 32c Inner tube 35 Edge 36 Top 41a, 41b, 41c Opening 42a, 42b, 42c Opening 43a, 43b ('), 43c (') Opening

Claims (11)

A combustion chamber;
An air disperser provided at the bottom of the combustion chamber and forming a fluidized bed during combustion;
The air disperser
A dispersion plate having an incombustible discharge port;
A plurality of air blowing portions provided on the dispersion plate and for blowing air into the combustion chamber;
The bottom inner surface that surrounds the plurality of air blowing portions at the periphery of the dispersion plate continues to the inner surface of the combustion chamber at the top,
A plurality of outer air blowing portions closest to the inner surface of the bottom portion among the plurality of air blowing portions are in contact with the inner surface of the bottom portion. In the fluidized bed incinerator according to claim 1,
The combustion chamber is
Further comprising an embedding part provided so as to fill between the inner surface of the combustion chamber in the vicinity of the dispersion plate and the plurality of outer air blowing parts,
The inner surface of the bottom is a surface of the embedded portion on the combustion chamber side. In the fluidized bed incinerator according to claim 1 or 2,
Each of the plurality of outer air blowing portions is partially embedded in the bottom inner surface. A fluidized bed incinerator. In the fluidized bed incinerator according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The angle formed by the tangent of the surface of the bottom inner surface and the tangent of the surface of the air blowing portion at the point where the inner surface of the bottom portion and the outer air blowing portion come into contact is 90 degrees or more. Fluidized bed incinerator. In the fluidized bed incinerator according to claim 4,
The angle formed by the tangent line of the surface of the inner surface of the bottom part and the tangent line of the surface of the outer air blowing part is not more than (180 degrees-repose angle of fluidized material) at the upper part of the plurality of outer air blowing parts. Incinerator. In the fluidized bed incinerator according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
Each of the plurality of air blowing portions is
A fluidized-bed incinerator including an outer cylinder portion that is provided so that the entire lower portion is in contact with the dispersion plate and has a plurality of openings for blowing the air into the combustion chamber in the vicinity of the surface of the dispersion plate. In the fluidized bed incinerator according to claim 6,
The fluidized bed incinerator, wherein the outer cylinder part has a position of at least one side part of the plurality of openings in a position near the inner side surface of the bottom part. In the fluidized bed incinerator according to claim 6 or 7,
The fluidized bed incinerator, wherein the outer cylinder portion has at least one of a substantially cylindrical shape, a substantially conical shape, a substantially hemispherical shape, and a substantially cylindrical shape having a substantially hemispherical head portion. In the fluidized bed incinerator according to any one of claims 6 to 8,
Each of the plurality of air blowing portions further includes
A fluidized bed incinerator including an inner cylinder pipe that penetrates the dispersion plate, communicates with a space formed by the outer cylinder portion and the dispersion plate, and supplies the air to the outer cylinder portion. In the fluidized bed incinerator according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
When the shape of the plane of the dispersion plate surrounded by the inner surface of the bottom is a polygon, each of the corners of the polygon is provided with one of the plurality of outer air blowing portions. Fluidized bed incineration Furnace. In the fluidized bed incinerator according to any one of claims 1 to 10,
The fluidized bed incinerator, wherein the inner surface of the bottom portion sandwiched between two adjacent ones of the plurality of outer air blowing portions is a flat surface.

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